湖南省五市十校2017-2018學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試（含聽(tīng)力）英語(yǔ)試題

益陽(yáng)市箴言中學(xué)2018年上學(xué)期高一期終考試英語(yǔ)第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanliketodrink?A.Tea. B.Coffee. C.Water.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ipreferteatocoffee.ButwheneverwevisitHarry,healwaysservesthecoffee.

M:Idon'tlikecoffee,either.AllIreallywantisaglassofcoldwater.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanusuallydoonSundayafternoons?A.Hegoesshopping.B.Heworksinthegarden.C.Hereadsthenewspaper.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:WhatdoyouusuallydoonSundays?

M:Igoshoppinginthemorning,workinthegardenintheafternoonandreadthenewspaperafterdinner.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whenwillthematchbegin,accordingtotheman?A.At2:30. B.At3:00. C.At4:00.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wedoneedtohurryup.It'salready2:30.Thematch'ssupposedtobeginin30minutes.M:Youmusthavebeentoldthewrongtime.I’msurethematchbeginsat4:00.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotothemovies. B.Keeponstudying. C.Checkoutsomebooks.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:etothemoviewithus,Smet.You'dbeeninthelibraryallday.Youneedtorelax.

M:You'reright,Charney.Ihavebeenstudyingsolong.Ineedtotakeabreak.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whoisthegirltalkingto?A.Herdentist. B.Thepolice. C.Avet.【答案】A【解析】原文】第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Toaschool. B.Toacarfactory. C.Toabank.7.Howcanthewomangetthere?A.Goalongtheroad,turnleftandgostraight.B.Goalongtheroad,turnrightandgostraight.C.Turnaroundandgoalongtheroad.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WhatdidthemandoinMr.Turner’sshoplastweek?A.Heboughtasuit. B.Heorderedasuit. C.Hereturnedasuit.9.Whatwillthemandointheafternoon?A.Gototheshop. B.CallMr.Turner. C.Attendameeting.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.WhatwillMillie’smotherreceiveforherbirthday?A.Ashirt. B.Askirt. C.Asmallcake.11.Whowillcookthespecialdinner?A.Millie’sfather. B.Millie’sfriend. C.Millie.12.Wherewillthespeakersgothisafternoon?A.Toabakery. B.Toagrocerystore. C.Toagiftshop.【答案】10.B11.C12.B【解析】【原文】聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatmonthisitnow?A.January. B.February. C.June.14.WherewillLilyspendSpringFestival?A.Inthecitycenter.B.Inherhometown.C.Intheman’shometown.15.WhatdoesLilythinkofthefestival?A.Boring. B.Ordinary. C.Interesting.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Brotherandsister. C.Coworkers.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Lily,howlonghaveyoubeenhere?W:IcametoChinainJune,soithasbeensevenmonths.M:Wow.That’salongtime.Butyouhaven'tspentSpringFestivalinChinayet,right?W:That’sright,butIamgoingtostayinChinathisyeartoseehowChinesepeoplespendtheirmostimportantfestival.Infact,I’mdoingabusinessresearchaboutSpringFestivalformypany.M:Really?Maybeyoucanetospenditwithmyfamily.W:CanI?M:Myparentswouldbehappytohaveyou.Youwillloveit.Thoughwelivedowntown,wealwaysspendSpringFestivalinourhometown.W:Youmeaninthecountryside?M:Yes.IbelieveyouwilllearnalotaboutChineseculturethiswinterholiday.Wewillhaveabigfamilymealandeatthingslikefishanddumplings.Andwegivechildrenluckymoneyinredenvelopes.W:Thatsoundsinteresting!Ican'twait.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday B.Monday. C.Tuesday.18.Whatshouldpeoplebesuretodotoday?A.Stayinside. B.Wearsunglasses. C.Takeanumbrella.19.Howmuchrainwilletomorrow?A.Onlyalittle. B.Noneatall. C.Quitealot.20.WhatmighttheweatherbelikeonFriday?A.Sunny. B.Cloudy. C.Stormy.【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMagazinescanhelpgetkidspsychedaboutreading.Thethrillofflippingthroughafreshmagazinecantotallydriveanewreadertopracticewordsandlearnabouttopicstheymightnotnormallybeexposedto.Foryoungreaderswhowanttobeentertainedandlearnsomethingnew.Hereareourfavoritekidsmagazinesubscription(訂閱)picks.1.NationalGeographicKidsNationalGeographicKidsisdesignedforchildrenages6to14.ThemagazineispublishedbytheNationalGeographicSocietyandhasbeeninpublicationsinceSeptember1975.Witheachissue,youngreadersenjoyawiderangeofregularfeaturessuchas“AmazingAnimals”,“WeirdbutTrue”,“CoolInventions”and“GuinnessWorldRecords.”Aoneyearsubscription(10issues)is$15.2.MuseThismagazine,launchedinJanuary1997,featuresninecartooncharactersknownastheMuses.Thearticlesexposekidsages9anduptohistory,scienceandthearts.RegularMusecontentincludesfunfacts,aquestionandanswerpageandfunthemessuchasextraterrestriallife(外星生命),urbanlegendsandpirates.Aoneyearsubscription(nineissues)is$34.3.ChopChopThisisanawardwinning,nonprofitquarterlymagazineforkidsages5to12.ChopChopisfilledwithgreatrecipes,interactivegamesandeducationalfoodfactsandisintendedtoinspireandteachkidstocookrealfoodwiththeirfamilies.ChopChopreceivedthe2017ParentsChoiceGoldAwardandwasnamedtheJamesBeard2015PublicationoftheYear.Aoneyearsubscription(fourissues)is$15.4.HighlightsWhodoesn’trememberreadingHighlightsmagazinewhetherathomeoratthedentist’soffice?Every40pageissuehelpschildrenexploreexcitingnewtopics,investigatecoolsubjectsandlearnaboutourwonderfulworld.Highlightsisidealforages6to12andfeaturesstories,puzzles,games,riddles,scienceexperimentsandcraftprojects.HighFive,thepreschoolversionofHighlights,isintendedforlittleonesages2to6.Aoneyearsubscription(12issues)is$40.21.Howmuchisatwoyearsubscriptiontoamagazinelaunchedin1975?A.$68. B.$34. C.$40. D.$30.22.WhatisspecialaboutChopChop?A.Ithasahistoryof42years.B.Ithasninecartooncharacters.C.Itishelpfulforkidstolearntocook.D.Itincludesaquestionandanswerpage.23.WhattopicdoMuseandHighlightshaveinmon?A.Science. B.Craftprojects. C.Riddles. D.Animals.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【分析】本文是一則廣告，屬于應(yīng)用文，介紹了四本少兒雜志以及這些雜志各自的特色。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句ThemagazineispublishedbytheNationalGeographicSocietyandhasbeeninpublicationsinceSeptember1975.可知本題題干中提及的1975出版的雜志應(yīng)該就是NationalGeographicKids。再根據(jù)本段最后一句Aoneyearsubscription(10issues)is$15.可知這份雜志訂閱1年需要15美元，題干要求訂閱兩年，共30美元。故D項(xiàng)正確。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句ChopChopisfilledwithgreatrecipes,interactivegamesandeducationalfoodfactsandisintendedtoinspireandteachkidstocookrealfoodwiththeirfamilies可知ChopChop中含有很多菜譜和游戲方面的內(nèi)容，同時(shí)這份雜志還還鼓勵(lì)孩子和家人烹飪菜肴。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句Thearticlesexposekidsages9anduptohistory,scienceandthearts.以及最后一段第三句Highlightsisidealforages6to12andfeaturesstories,puzzles,games,riddles,scienceexperimentsandcraftprojects.可知Muse和Highlights中都有科技方面的內(nèi)容。故A項(xiàng)正確。BInmanypartsoftheworld,therearefourseasons:spring,summer,fallandwinter.IntheU.S.,thereareonlythree:football,basketballandbaseball.Ifyouwanttoknowwhatseasonitis,justhavealookatwhatpeopleareplaying.FormanypeopleintheU.S.,sportsarenotjustforfun.They’realmostareligion.Thousandsofsportsfansbuyexpensiveticketstowatchtheirfavouriteteamsandathletesplayinperson.Otherfanswatchthegamesathome.Themostdevotedsportsbuffsnevermissagame.Manyawifebeesa“sportswidow(寡婦)”duringherhusband’sfavoriteseason.America’sdevotiontoathleticshascreatedanewclassofwealthypeople:professionalathletes.Sportsstarsoftenreceivemilliondollarsalaries.Someevenmakebigmoneyappearinginadvertisementsforsoftdrinks,shoesandeventoiletries(化妝品).SportsareanimportantpartofAmericans’culture.Throughouttheirschoollife,Americanslearntoplaymanysports.Allstudentstakephysicaleducationclassesinschool.Sometryoutfortheschoolteams,whileothersjoinschoolsportsleagues.Athleticeventsatuniversitiesattractscoresoffansandbenefitthewholemunity.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buffs”(inParagraph2)mean?A.athletes B.fans C.clubs D.teams25.Bysaying“sportswidow”,thewritermeans.A.someAmericanmenlovesportsmoredeeplythantheirwivesB.someAmericanmenoftenquarrelwiththeirwivesduringtheirfavouriteseasonC.someAmericanmencanhardlyfindtimetobewiththeirwivesduringtheirfavouriteseasonD.somesportsstarts’wivesarelefthomealoneduringtheirfavouriteseason26.Ingeneral,professionalathletesinAmerica.A.arewellpaidB.oftenappearinadvertisementsC.liveabusylifeD.makebigmoneybysellingproductssuchassoftdrinksandshoes27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SportsseasonsinAmerica B.AmericansportsfansC.Americans’sportsculture D.SportsinAmerica【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.D【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了美國(guó)的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，美國(guó)人非常喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)也有一定的影響，文章中還提及了職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員以及球迷“寡婦”等相關(guān)情況?！?4題詳解】猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)本句“Themostdevotedsportsbuffsnevermissagame.”的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞部分“nevermissagame從未錯(cuò)過(guò)一場(chǎng)比賽”以及后句“Manyawifebeesa“sportswidow(寡婦)”duringherhusband’sfavoriteseason.”可知本句介紹了極端球迷對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的喜愛(ài)。故劃線詞意為“fans”。故B項(xiàng)正確。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。本文第二段主要介紹了極端球迷對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的喜愛(ài)，當(dāng)這些“寡婦”的丈夫所喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的賽季開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，這些球迷丈夫迷戀于比賽中，幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間陪伴妻子。所以才會(huì)出現(xiàn)球迷“寡婦”的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段后兩句oftenreceivemilliondollarsalaries.Someevenmakebigmoneyappearinginadvertisementsforsoftdrinks,shoesandeventoiletries可知職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員可以獲得很高的薪水，有些運(yùn)動(dòng)員也可以從廣告里掙很多錢?？傊殬I(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的報(bào)酬很豐厚。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了美國(guó)的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，美國(guó)人非常喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)也有一定的影響，文章中還提及了職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員以及球迷“寡婦”等相關(guān)情況。ABC三項(xiàng)都屬于D項(xiàng)的范圍，故D項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本文考查了主旨大意題，作者在ABC三項(xiàng)中設(shè)置了比較強(qiáng)的干擾項(xiàng)來(lái)迷惑考生。干擾項(xiàng)使得考生不知不覺(jué)落入陷阱，導(dǎo)致失分。所以了解一些干擾性的設(shè)置技巧會(huì)提高我們的解題準(zhǔn)確率。1.張冠李戴：要起到干擾的效果，出題專家常用的一個(gè)手段就是張冠李戴。通過(guò)使用原文中出現(xiàn)的詞匯甚至句式，把本來(lái)適用于一種情況的內(nèi)容移用到其他情況，考生可能只看到了文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的字詞，卻沒(méi)有注意到選項(xiàng)是否針對(duì)提出的問(wèn)題作出回答，是否符合題目的要求，造成誤選。2.偷梁換柱：設(shè)計(jì)閱讀理解題的選項(xiàng)時(shí)，命題者還可能在干擾項(xiàng)中保留原文的很多詞句，給考生一種錯(cuò)覺(jué)，選項(xiàng)與原文意思差不多，但實(shí)際上內(nèi)容有所改動(dòng)，產(chǎn)生了不一樣，甚至相反的意思。3.斷章取義：指干擾項(xiàng)去掉原文信息中的某個(gè)或某些重要組成部分，導(dǎo)致剩下的信息不完整，歪曲原文的意思。4.以偏概全：閱讀過(guò)程中，我們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中提到幾點(diǎn)，在一個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中卻只出現(xiàn)其中一種或兩種情況，這種干擾項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)是以偏概全，以部分代替整體。這樣的干擾項(xiàng)通常在細(xì)節(jié)題中較多見(jiàn)。CThesharingeconomyhasgrowninrecentyearstoincludeeverythingfromapartmentsharingtocarsharingtomunitytoolsharing.Since2009,anewformofthesharingeconomyhasbeenemerginginneighborhoodsthroughouttheUSandaroundtheworld—LittleFreeLibraries.Thelibrariesareboxesputinneighborhoodsfromwhichlocalpeoplecantakeoutandputinbooks.LittleFreeLibrarieseinallshapesandsizes.Somelibrariesalsohavethemes,focusingonbooksforchildren,adultsortourguides.In2009,TodBolbuiltthefirstLittleFreeLibraryintheMississippiRivertownofHudson,Wisconsin,tohonorhismother,wholovedreading.Whenhesawthepeopleofhismunitygatheringaroundit,exchangingconversationaswellasbooks,heknewhewantedtotakehissimpleideafurther.“Wehaveanaturalsenseofwantingtobeconnected,buttherearesomanythingsthatpushusapart,"BoltoldTheAtlantic.Sincethen,hisideahasbeeamovement,spreadingfromstatetostateandcountrytocountry.AccordingtoL,therearenow18,000ofthelittleboxesaroundtheworld,foundineachofthe50USstatesand70countriesinEurope,AfricaandAsia.TheInternethashelpedtospreadLittleFreeLibraries.ButanAtlanticarticlesaidthattheyaresomethingdifferentinaworldofereaderdownloads.Thelittlewoodenboxesarerefreshinglyphysicalandhuman.Whenyouopenthedoorofthebox,chanceandyourneighborstastesdeterminewhatyou'llfind.Youmightfindagraphicnovel,acookbookoratourguidebook.Formanypeople,thissenseofdiscoveryisLittleFreeLibraries’mainappeal."Agirlwalkinghomefromschoolmightpickupagraphicnovelthatgetsherexcitedaboutreading;amanonhiswaytothebusstopmightfindabookofpoetrythatchangeshisviewonlife,”saidTheAtlanticarticle."Everybookisapotentialsourceofinspiration.”28.WhatcanweknowaboutLittleFreeLibraries?A.Whenyoutakeabook,youneedtoputanotherback.B.Somelibrarieshavespecificthemes.C.Thebooksinithavetobethesamesize.D.Mostofthebooksaredonatedbylocallibraries.29.WhydidTodBolwanttobuildmoreLittleFreeLibraries?A.Hewantedtohonorhismother.B.Hewantedtobuildupasenseofmunity.C.Helongedtopromotehisideaworldwide.D.Hewasinspiredbythesharingeconomy.30.LittleFreeLibrariesappealtomanypeoplemainlybecause_____.A.thebooksaremoreabouthumansB.theycansatisfyvarioustastesC.theyprovidechancestomakesurprisingdiscoveriesD.thebooksarefreetotakeoutandputin31.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto.A.tellusaboutanewformofthesharingeconomyB.encourageustoreadmorebooksC.introduceafamouslibrarytousD.giveadviceonhowtobuildlibraries【答案】28.B29.B30.C31.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章第一段提及世界上的共享項(xiàng)目越來(lái)越多，在第二段中提及了共享圖書(shū)的項(xiàng)目“LittleFreeLibraries”，文章其余部分詳細(xì)介紹了這一項(xiàng)目的具體內(nèi)容。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句Somelibrariesalsohavethemes,focusingonbooksforchildren,adultsortourguides.可知有些“LittleFreeLibraries”有特別的主題。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句Whenhesawthepeopleofhismunitygatheringaroundit,exchangingconversationaswellasbooks,heknewhewantedtotakehissimpleideafurther.和第四段“Wehaveanaturalsenseofwantingtobeconnected,buttherearesomanythingsthatpushusapart,"BoltoldTheAtlantic.可知TodBol看到社區(qū)里的人聚在一起交流信息的時(shí)候，他想他要做一些事情把這些人聯(lián)系在一起。于是他創(chuàng)辦了“LittleFreeLibraries”，希望用“LittleFreeLibraries”把社區(qū)里的人聯(lián)系在一起，產(chǎn)生一種歸屬感。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句Formanypeople,thissenseofdiscoveryisLittleFreeLibraries’mainappeal.可知讓人們產(chǎn)生發(fā)現(xiàn)的快樂(lè)是LittleFreeLibraries吸引人的原因所在。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段提及世界上的共享項(xiàng)目越來(lái)越多，在第二段中提及了共享圖書(shū)的項(xiàng)目“LittleFreeLibraries”，文章其余部分詳細(xì)介紹了這一項(xiàng)目的具體內(nèi)容。所以本文主要是為了介紹“LittleFreeLibraries”這一共享項(xiàng)目。故A項(xiàng)正確。DResearchersattheUniversityofChicagohavetrainedanartificialintelligence(人工智能)system,towritefake(偽造的)reviews(評(píng)論)onYelp,awebsiteshowingcustomersreviewsonshoppingorsomethingelse,andit'sprettyhardtotellthemapartfromahumanreview.Theirstudy,whichwillbepresentedattheACMConferenceonputerandmunicationsSecurityinOctober,aimedtothrowattentionontohoweasilythesesystemscanwritereviewslikehumansandhowdamagingtheycanbeeifthey’renotmonitoredproperly.Sincemanysmallbusinessesdependononlinereviewstohelpgrowandkeeptheirreputation,afuturewheresomeone—likearivalorangrycustomer—couldcrazilyfilltheirpagewithnegativereviewswrittenbyamachineisprettyworrying.And,accordingtotheresearchteam,thethreatgoesfarbeyondfakereviewsonYelp.“Ingeneralthethreatisbigger,”BenY.Zhao,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,said.“Ithinkthethreattowardssocietyislargeanditreallymisleadsusersandshakesourbeliefinwhatisrealandwhatisnot.Ithinkthat'sgoingtobeevenunimaginable.”Totesthowbelievablethesereviewsare,theresearchersinvited40volunteersandhadAImakefivefakereviewsfor40actualrestaurants.Thevolunteerswereaskedhowusefultheythoughtthereviewwasandwhetherornottheythoughtitwasfake.TheAIreviewswasregardedas“effectivelyunrecognizable”fromrealreviews，accordingtothestudy.Further,thefakereviewsweregivena3.15"usefulness"rating,paredtoa3.28ratingforhumanreviews.32.Whatcanthenewartificialintelligencesystemdoaccordingtothepassage？A.Itcanhelptrainnewreviewers.B.Itcantelltherealreviewsfromthefakeones.C.Itcanwritehumanlikereviews.D.Itcaneasilydamagethebusinesses.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"rival''meaninthepassage?A.Apersonwhorespectsyoudeeply.B.Apersonwhoisagainstyou.C.Apersonwholovestogivefakereviews.D.Apersonwhocancontrolyoufromdistance.34.WhatcanweinferfromBenY.Zhao'sremarks?A.Artificialintelligencecanputthesocietyindanger.BTheartificialintelligenceisonlyusedbytheresearchersC.BenY.Zhaoisoptimisticaboutthefurtherdevelopmentofartificialintelligence.D.Theartificialintelligencewillhelppeopleshake.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TipsonGivingReviews. B.HowtoTelltheFakeReviews.C.DevelopmentofAIinReviewonYelp. D.AIisingtoStealYourReviews.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文介紹了芝加哥大學(xué)的研究人員運(yùn)用人工智能在評(píng)論網(wǎng)站上寫虛假評(píng)論，以此引起對(duì)人工智能給我們的社會(huì)帶來(lái)的影響的討論?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句ResearchersattheUniversityofChicagohavetrainedanartificialintelligence(人工智能)system,towritefake(偽造的)reviews(評(píng)論)onYelp可知這一人工智能系統(tǒng)可以在Yelp上寫偽造的評(píng)論。故C項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)本句后半句“couldcrazilyfilltheirpagewithnegativereviewswrittenbyamachineisprettyworrying.”用負(fù)面評(píng)論占領(lǐng)對(duì)方網(wǎng)頁(yè)的只有“敵人”或者“對(duì)手”才會(huì)這樣做。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Ingeneralthethreatisbigger,”BenY.Zhao.oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,said.“Ithinkthethreattowardssocietyislargeanditreallymisleadsusersandshakesourbeliefinwhatisrealandwhatisnot.可知BenY.Zhao認(rèn)為人工智能會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)很大的威脅，并且可能破壞社會(huì)。故A項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。本文介紹了芝加哥大學(xué)的研究人員運(yùn)用人工智能在評(píng)論網(wǎng)站上寫虛假評(píng)論，以此引起對(duì)人工智能給我們的社會(huì)帶來(lái)的影響的討論。D項(xiàng)可以很好的抓住讀者的興趣，可以作為本文的題目。AB兩項(xiàng)與文章主要內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)，C項(xiàng)過(guò)于片面?！军c(diǎn)睛】本文考查主旨大意題中的標(biāo)題類題，對(duì)于此類題型，我們可以運(yùn)用“假定標(biāo)題寫作法”；這是一種逆向思維的方法。這種方法就是先設(shè)定某一個(gè)選項(xiàng)為正確的文章標(biāo)題，那么，按照這個(gè)標(biāo)題文章通常應(yīng)該怎么寫、寫什么呢？根據(jù)標(biāo)題里的核心詞，我們可以在頭腦里大致確定一下文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容，如果二者與閱讀短文基本相同，就可以判斷該項(xiàng)正確；如果與短文大相徑庭，就可以判斷該項(xiàng)不對(duì)。使用這種方法的關(guān)鍵是找出標(biāo)題中的核心詞。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Chopsticks1.Whenchopstickswereinvented?Infact,beforetheinventionofchopsticks,Chineseancestorsactuallyusedhandstoeat,buthowdidtheyeatsoup（湯菜）andporridge?____36____Chinesestartedtousechopsticksabout3,000yearsagoinShangDynasty.2.Whoinventedchopsticks?Therecordsofusingchopstickshavebeenfoundinmanywrittenbooksbutlackphysicalevidence.Howevermanystoriesareabouttheinventionofchopsticks.OnesaysthatJiangZiya,anancientwiseman,createdchopsticks.____37____Butthereisnoexacthistoryrecordabouttheinvention.WecanonlysaythatsmartancientChineseinventedchopsticks.3.HowtouseChinesechopsticks.Usingtwoslimstickstopickupfoodisactuallynotdifficult.Youcandoitifyoupracticeitforsometime,evenifyouareaforeigner.Thekeytomanagingchopsticksiskeepingonechopstickinpositionwhilemovingtheothertopickupfood.___38___4.ChopsticksMannersChopsticksareusuallyheldintherighthand,andlefthandedchopstickuseisconsideredasimproperinChina.Playingwithchopsticksisthoughttobeimpolite.___39___5.ThephilosophyofChinesechopsticksChinesephilosopherConfuciusadvisedpeopletousechopsticksinsteadofknivesbecausethemetalknivesremindpeopleofcoldweapons,whichmeankillingandviolence.6.AchopsticksthemedmuseumcanbefoundinShanghaiIfyouaretrulyinterestedinchopsticks,youcanpayavisittotheShanghaiChopsticksMuseum.Themuseumgatheredmorethan1,200pairsofchopsticksfromChina,Korea,JapanandThailand.___40___A.Chopstickswereintroducedtomanyotherneighborcountriesduetoitslightnessandconvenience.B.Itisconsideredtobepoliteandthoughtfultopickupfoodfortheelderlyandchildren.C.BamboochopsticksaremostfrequentlyusedinChinesedailylife.D.TheoldestonewasfromtheTangDynasty.E.Therealsogoaroundsomeotherstories.F.Remembertopracticewithpatience.G.Theyhadtousestickstoeatthem.【答案】36.G37.E38.F39.B40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章詳細(xì)介紹了與筷子相關(guān)的歷史知識(shí)、禮儀、哲理以及上海的筷子博物館等信息?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Chineseancestorsactuallyusedhandstoeat,buthowdidtheyeatsoupandporridge?（中國(guó)人之前用手吃飯，但他們?cè)趺春葴椭嗄?？）”可知，上文是?wèn)句，下文則是對(duì)問(wèn)題的回答。G項(xiàng)“Theyhadtousestickstoeatthem.（他們不得不使用木棍幫助自己吃這樣的流食。）”符合語(yǔ)境。故G項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】本段介紹筷子是由誰(shuí)發(fā)明的。根據(jù)上文“OnesaysthatJiangZiya,anancientwiseman,createdchopsticks.（有人說(shuō)筷子是姜子牙發(fā)明的。）”以及下文“Butthereisnoexacthistoryrecordabouttheinvention.（對(duì)于這項(xiàng)發(fā)明沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)確的歷史記錄）”可知，空格處還會(huì)介紹其它有關(guān)筷子來(lái)歷的故事。所以E項(xiàng)“Therealsogoaroundsomeotherstories.（還有另外的故事。）”與本段中心思想一致。故E項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】本段的話題是：如何使用筷子？根據(jù)第二句“Youcandoitifyoupracticeitforsometime,evenifyouareaforeigner.”（如果你練習(xí)一段時(shí)間，你就能做到，即使你是一個(gè)外國(guó)人）可知，只有通過(guò)不斷的練習(xí)才可以熟練地使用筷子。故F項(xiàng)“Remembertopracticewithpatience.（要耐心練習(xí)。）”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故F項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段的話題“ChopsticksManners”是關(guān)于使用筷子的禮儀。選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)“Itisconsideredtobepoliteandthoughtfultopickupfoodfortheelderlyandchildren.（用筷子為老人和小孩夾食物被認(rèn)為是禮貌和體貼的。）”與使用筷子的禮儀相關(guān)。故B項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】本段介紹了上海的筷子博物館的信息。根據(jù)上文“Themuseumgatheredmorethan1,200pairsofchopsticksfromChina,Korea,JapanandThailand.”（該博物館收集了來(lái)自中國(guó)、韓國(guó)、日本和泰國(guó)的1200多雙筷子）可知，這個(gè)博物館里收集了來(lái)自中國(guó)、韓國(guó)、日本和泰國(guó)的很多筷子。D項(xiàng)“TheoldestonewasfromtheTangDynasty.（最古老的筷子來(lái)自唐朝。）”與本段主題一致。故D項(xiàng)正確。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Jason,ourson,wasbornwithcerebralpalsy（腦癱）.MywifeandIoftenfortedhimashefacedmany___41___inhisearlyyears.Itwas___42___toseehimregularlychosenlastforbaseball,buthismost___43___timecamewhenhebeganhighschool.Oneafternoon,Jasonreturnedhomein___44___andshouted:“I’mnevergoingtoschoolagain!”Hewas___45___withfoodthatotherkidshad___46___himontheschoolbusonthewayhome.Jasonlatertolduswhathad___47___.Afewdaysearlier,Jasonhad___48___upfortheschoolrunningteam.Thatday,afewolderstudentsmade___49___ofhisperformanceonthetrack.Icalledtheheadmasteraboutthe____50____,anditneverhappenedagain.Oneday,astheotherkidsexercisedinthegym,they____51____onelonelyrunnerJasonjoggingaroundthesnowcoveredtrack.Afewweekslater,Jasonsaidtome,“Dad,Iwasreadyforthe____52____.Headdedthateachmonth,eachstudent____53____an“athleteofthemonth”andvotedforthe____54____.Jason’snamehadneverbeen____55____.Butthatday,onestudentsaid:“Sir,IwouldliketoproposeJasonforathleteofthemonth.“Thecoachlooked____56____.“Heworksharderthananyofus,Sir,”thestudentcontinued.Tears____57____inJason’seyesaseveryoneintheclassputtheirhandsup.We,alsointears,lookedonashe____58____displayedhiscertificate.WheneverIdespair,Ithinkofthisstory.I____59____myselfthatchallengesarenotovereby____60____,butbypatience,determination,andfaith.41.A.choices B.challenges C.changes D.chances42.A.hopeful B.considerate C.convenient D.heartbreaking43.A.special B.fortable C.separate D.difficult44.A.ruins B.tears C.shock D.surprise45.A.covered B.followed C.attached D.filled46.A.rolleddown B.pushedagainst C.thrownat D.droppedout47.A.recorded B.deserved C.happened D.promised48.A.stayed B.signed C.pulled D.hung49.A.ments B.use C.mistakes D.fun50.A.process B.operation C.movement D.situation51.A.admired B.watched C.noticed D.realized52.A.best B.worst C.most D.least53.A.hoped B.agreed C.meant D.chose54.A.winner B.ruler C.advisor D.fighter55.A.accepted B.listed C.attended D.organized56.A.surprised B.delighted C.moved D.frightened57.A.divided B.exploded C.changed D.formed58.A.warmly B.proudly C.kindly D.seriously59.A.blame B.warn C.remind D.inform60.A.force B.construction C.discussion D.appearance【答案】41.B42.D43.D44.B45.A46.C47.C48.B49.D50.D51.C52.B53.D54.A55.B56.A57.D58.B59.C60.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的兒子Jason雖然腦癱，但是他卻靠耐心、決心和信念，以及自己比別人更多的努力，在學(xué)校的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)里贏得了尊重和認(rèn)可的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。因?yàn)閮鹤用姘c，所以我和妻子常常安慰他，因?yàn)樗缒昝媾R許多挑戰(zhàn)。A.choices選擇；B.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；C.changes改變；D.chances機(jī)會(huì)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：看到他經(jīng)常在棒球課是最后一名，真是令人心碎的。A.hopeful有希望的；B.considerate體貼的；C.convenient方便的；D.heartbreaking心碎的。故選D。【43題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：但對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)最困難的時(shí)刻是在他開(kāi)始上高中的時(shí)候。A.special專門的；B.fortable舒適的；C.separate單獨(dú)的；D.difficult困難的。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。根據(jù)下文可知，他受到其他同學(xué)的欺負(fù)，所以他哭著回家，說(shuō)再也不上學(xué)了。A.ruins廢墟；B.tears眼淚；C.shock震驚；D.surprise吃驚。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他身上沾滿了在校車上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。A.covered覆蓋；B.followed跟隨；C.attached附上；D.filled裝滿。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：他身上沾滿了在校車上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。A.rolleddown滾落；B.pushedagainst推撞；C.thrownat扔向；D.droppedout退出。故選C。【47題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：Jason后來(lái)告訴我們發(fā)生了什么。A.recorded記錄；B.deserved應(yīng)受；C.happened發(fā)生；D.promised答應(yīng)。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：前幾天，他曾經(jīng)報(bào)名參加學(xué)校的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)。固定短語(yǔ)：signupfor（報(bào)名參加），故選B。【49題詳解】考查名詞。句意：那天幾個(gè)大一點(diǎn)的同學(xué)嘲笑他在賽道上的表現(xiàn)。A.ments評(píng)論；B.use使用；C.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；D.fun樂(lè)趣。固定短語(yǔ)：makefunof（取笑），故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我打給他們校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)明情況之后，這樣的事就再也沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)。A.process過(guò)程；B.operation操作；C.movement移動(dòng)；D.situation情況。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：一天，當(dāng)其他孩子在體育館里鍛煉時(shí)，他們注意到一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的跑步者——Jason，在積雪的賽道上慢跑。A.admired羨慕；B.watched觀看；C.noticed注意到；D.realized意識(shí)到。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：幾周后，Jason對(duì)我說(shuō)：“爸爸我做好了最壞的打算?！币?yàn)樗雷约河袣埣?，運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)上肯定趕不上其他孩子。A.best最好；B.worst最壞；C.most最多；D.least最少。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，每個(gè)月，每個(gè)學(xué)生都會(huì)投票選出一名“當(dāng)月最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)員”，而且讓這個(gè)人成為獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。A.hoped希望；B.agreed同意；C.meant意思是；D.chose選擇。故選D。【54題詳解】考查名詞。句意他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，每個(gè)月，每個(gè)學(xué)生都會(huì)投票選出一名“當(dāng)月最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)員”，而且讓這個(gè)人成為獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)摺.winner勝者；B.ruler統(tǒng)治者；C.advisor顧問(wèn)；D.fighter戰(zhàn)士。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。因?yàn)镴ason有殘疾，所以他從來(lái)也沒(méi)有進(jìn)入過(guò)獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呙麊巍.accepted接受；B.listed把……列入名單；C.attended參加；D.organized組織。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。因?yàn)镴ason運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)并不好，所以當(dāng)有學(xué)生提議他是最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)員時(shí)，教練很吃驚。A.surprised吃驚；B.delighted高興的；C.moved感動(dòng)的；D.frightened害怕的。故選A。【57題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)全班同學(xué)都舉起手贊同時(shí)，Jason感動(dòng)得落下眼淚。這里指Jason眼睛里的淚水形成。A.divided劃分；B.exploded爆炸；C.changed改變；D.formed形成。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。Jason的努力得到了大家的認(rèn)可，所以他很驕傲地展示他的證書(shū)給我們看。A.warmly溫暖地；B.proudly驕傲地；C.kindly善意地；D.seriously認(rèn)真地。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：每當(dāng)我絕望時(shí)，我都會(huì)想起這個(gè)故事。我提醒自己，挑戰(zhàn)不是靠武力戰(zhàn)勝的，而是靠耐心、決心和信念來(lái)克服的。A.blame責(zé)備；B.warn警告；C.remind提醒；D.inform告知。故選C。【60題詳解】考查名詞。句意：每當(dāng)我絕望時(shí)，我都會(huì)想起這個(gè)故事。我提醒自己，挑戰(zhàn)不是靠武力戰(zhàn)勝的，而是靠耐心、決心和信念來(lái)克服的。A.force武力；B.construction建設(shè)；C.discussion討論；D.appearance外貌。故選A。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Everyfouryears,millionsofpeoplegatherinsummer___61___(watch)soccergamesandcheerfortheirfavoriteteamsandplayers.Thisyear,theWorldCupkickedoffonJune14inRussia.Leadinguptothemostexcitingsportingeventofsummer,LiveItUp,theofficialWorldCupsong,wasreleasedonMay25*___62___(perform)byUSartistNickyJam,USactorandsingerWillSmith,andAlbaniansingerEraIstref,thesonghasalinethatgoes,"Onelife,liveitup,'causewegotonelife."Withagreatmelodyandcatchylyrics,thesongstandsfor"the___63___(excite),thecelebrationandtheu