安徽省滁州市定遠縣2024-2025學年高二英語下學期開學考試試題含解析

Page23第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Fatheranddaughter.2.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthenewrestaurant?A.Itisinthecampus.B.Itisn’texpensive.C.Itispopular.3.Whathappenedtothewoman’ssister?A.Shewasbadlyhurt.B.Shewashitbyacar.C.Shewenttoschoollate.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sheishavingcoffee.B.Sheissittingonthesofa.C.Sheiswritingapaper.5.Whatdoesthemanagreetodolater?A.Talkabouthistroubles.B.Meetsomefriends.C.Takeabreak.???????其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有2至4個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Recordaconcert.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Putonashowinastadium.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?sbehaviour?A.Funny.B.Unbelievable.C.Meaningful.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?A.Playmusicforhim.B.Gethimaticket.C.Lendhimsomemoney.9.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomandoesn?tlikemusic.B.ThemaniscrazyaboutNightwish.C.Thereissomethingwrongwiththeman?sheart.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthehospital.B.Onthestreet.C.Ontheplayground.11.WhenwillTomprobablygobacktoschool?A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.12.What?stheman?sofficenumber?A.4260544.B.4260465.C.4260490.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatisRogerAdams?job?A.Asingerinaband.B.Asoundengineer.C.Asoundmanager.14.HowlonghasRogerAdamsworked?A.Forthreeyears.B.Fortwoyears.C.Foroneyear.15.HowmanyhoursdoesTomworkeverySaturday?A.5hours.B.6hours.C.9hours.16.WhatdoesTomdointhestore?A.Offeradvicetocustomers.B.Buyproductsforcustomers.C.Takethemoneyfromcustomers.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisthemostdifficultforTom?A.Toworklonghours.B.Totalkallthetime.C.Toknowaboutalltheproducts.18.WhatdoesTomlikeabouthisjob?A.Meetingdifferentpeople.B.Usingthelatestcomputers.C.Gettingclosetonewtechnology.19.Whomdidthemanwanttotelephone?A.George.B.Jenny.C.Samantha.20.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Tom?shealth.B.Tom?sstudy.C.Asportsmeeting.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheworld’smostbreathtakingclifftophotelsAngamaMara,KenyaPerched1,000feetabovetheMaasaiMara,AngamaMaraisontheedgeoftheGreatRiftValley.Thesiteservedasalocationforthe1985film“OutofAfrica.“Guestscanexpecttop-qualitygameviewing,includingAfrica’sBigFive,everymonthoftheyear,bothongamedrivesandonwalkingsafaris.Amenitiesincludeaphotographystudio,fitnesscenter,anartgallery,a40-foot-longswimmingpoolandastudio.AngamaMara:SuswaMaraTriangle,Kenya;+254730630630MonasteroSantaRosaHotel&Spa,AmalfiCoast,ItalyFormerlyamonasterydatingbacktothe17thcentury,thefamily-runMonasteroSantaRosaclingstothesideofacliffoverlookingtheTyrrhenianSeaandGulfofSalerno.With20rooms,ithasaninfinitypool,fivetiersoflandscapedgardensandaMichelin-starredrestaurant.ThespaisthebestontheAmalfiCoastandfeaturestreatmentsusinglocalherbsandplants.MonasteroSantaRosaHote1&Spa:ViaRoma,2,84010ConcadeiMariniSA,Italy;+390898321199AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdarResort,AIJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa,OmanTowering6,000feetabovesealevelonthecurvingrimofacanyon,AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdaroverlooksOman’smountainouslandscape.It’sanareathatPrinceCharlesandthelateDiana,PrincessofWales,visitedin1986.Theresorthas115rooms,acliff-edgeinfinitypool,sixrestaurantsandloungesandaspa.Guestscanhikethroughvalleys,mountainbikeorvisitancientmountainsidevillagesandnearbyhistoricsites.AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdarResort:No110,AlJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa621,Oman;+968252180001.Wherewillyougoifyouareinterestedinwalkingsafaris?A.SuswaMaraTriangle,Kenya.B.TyrrhenianSeaandGulfofSalerno.C.No110,AlJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa621,Oman.D.ViaRoma2,84010ConcadeiMariniSA,Italy.2.Whatdothethreehotelshaveincommon?A.Eachofthethreehotelshasalargepool.B.Eachofthethreehotelshasanartgallery.C.AllofthethreehotelsarevisitedbyPrinceandPrincess.D.Allofthethreehotelsarefamousforthespausingherbs.3.Wheredoesthepassagemostlikelycomefrom?A.Afiction.B.Atextbook.C.Ahistorybook.D.Atouristguidebook.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了三家世界上最令人驚羨的懸崖酒店?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)AngamaMara,Kenya中的“Guestscanexpecttop-qualitygameviewing,includingAfrica’sBigFive,everymonthoftheyear,bothongamedrivesandonwalkingsafaris.”（客人們可以期盼在一年中每個月都能看到高質(zhì)量的競賽，包括非洲五大競賽，無論是在競賽途中還是在徒步旅行中。）可知，假如你對徒步旅行感愛好，你會去肯尼亞的蘇斯瓦馬拉三角。故選A項?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)AngamaMara,Kenya中的“a40-foot-longswimmingpool”,MonasteroSantaRosaHotel＆Spa,AmalfiCoast,Italy中的“ithasaninfinitypool”和AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdarResort,AlJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa,Oman中的“acliff-edgeinfinitypool”可知，這三家酒店都有一個大游泳池。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了三家世界上最令人驚羨的懸崖酒店，所以文章最有可能出自旅游指南。故選D項。BItwasacoldSaturdaynightinFebruary.Some200NewYorkerscarefullymadetheirwaytothereservoir(水庫)inthehopesofcatchingaglimpseofthemagicalsnowyowl,whohadtoucheddownintheparktheweekbeforeinwhatwasreportedasthefirstvisittherebythespeciesinmorethan130years.Exceptforafewexcitedscreamsfromchildren,peoplewerequiet—patientlyawaitingtheowl’sarrivalatthereservoir’snorthgatehouse.Thesnowyowldidnotdisappoint.Sheflewdownfromthedarknessandsurveyedthewaterandthepeopleholdingphonesandcamerasbeforetakingoffintothenighttotheapplauseofhermanyfans.Theysimplywantedtoseethislovelycreaturewhoseimprobableappearanceseemedtosignifyhopeafterthelockdown.NewYorkerswhohadlongtakenCentralParkforgrantedfeltarenewedloveforthisrectangleofgreenintheheartofthebigcityandofcourse,itsamazingwildlife.Thattheparkisabeautifulandessentialrefugeissomethingthathumanshaveonlycometofullyappreciateduringtheserecenttimesofuncertainty.CentralParkwasoriginallyplannedandconstructedduringanotherdifficulttimeinthenation’shistory—intheyearsbeforeandduringtheAmericanCivilWar.UnlikemanyEuropeanparksthathadoriginallybeenbuiltforthearistocracy(貴族),CentralParkwasdesignedasapublicspace.InitschiefarchitectFrederickLawOlmsted’swords,thepoorandrichalikecould“easilygothereaftertheirday’sworkisdone”and“strollforanhour,seeing,hearing,andfeelingnothingofthenoiseofthestreets.”Asspringturnsintosummer,weseepeoplesittingonthegrassorbenches—catchingsomesun,havingfamilypicnics,ortappingawayontheirlaptopsandiPads.JustbeinginproximitytootherpeopleinCentralParkgaveusasenseofcommunity—thesensethatwewouldsomehowpersevere.4.WhatdidpeopledoinCentralParkonthatSaturdaynight?A.Theycheeredforeachother. B.Theypaidtheirfirstvisit.C.Theycameforararesight. D.Theyappreciatedawaterevent.5.WhatdoestheauthormainlyintendtodoinParagraph4?A.Givesomeexamples. B.Makeacomparison.C.Introduceanewopinion. D.Addbackgroundinformation.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“inproximityto”inParagraph5mean?A.closeto B.freefromC.atadistancefrom D.incomparisonwith7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FindRefugeinCentralParkB.TakeYourBreathbySnowOwlC.TraceCentralParktodifficulttimesD.Meetanimprobable“visitor”inperson【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【解析】【導語】文章是記敘文。開篇以200名紐約人在水庫欣賞奇異雪鸮為開頭，引出文章的主題中心公園。揭示了長期以來，紐約人始終把中心公園視為城市的中心，更是奇異野生動物的家園。同時交代了中心公園建設的歷史背景，不論是斗爭年頭，還是和平年頭，中心公園已然成為了紐約人的歸屬感的代表和象征?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“Some200NewYorkerscarefullymadetheirwaytothereservoir(水庫)inthehopesofcatchingaglimpseofthemagicalsnowyowl.”(200名紐約人當心翼翼地來到水庫，希望能一睹這只奇異的雪鸮的模樣。)以及“asthefirstvisittherebythespeciesinmorethan130years.”(該物種130多年來首次來到這里。)可知，人們在周六的晚上來到中心公園主要了是觀看一只130多年來首次來到這里的雪鸮。故選C。【5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“CentralParkwasoriginallyplannedandconstructedduringanotherdifficulttimeinthenation’shistory—intheyearsbeforeandduringtheAmericanCivilWar.”(中心公園最初是在美國歷史上的另一個艱難時期——美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前和內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間——規(guī)劃和建立的。)可知，第四段交代了中心公園建設的特別歷史時期，為文章講解并描述中心公園交代了歷史背景。故選D。【6題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)第五段中“gaveusasenseofcommunity—thesensethatwewouldsomehowpersevere.”(給了我們一種歸屬的感覺——一種我們會以某種方式堅持下去的感覺。)可知，句中的community意為“歸屬感”，只有人們之間近距離接觸的時候才會有歸屬感，A選項意為“接近”，符合題意。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文可知，揭示了長期以來，紐約人始終把中心公園視為城市的中心，更是奇異野生動物的家園。同時交代了中心公園建設的歷史背景，不論是斗爭年頭，還是和平年頭，中心公園已然成為了紐約人的歸屬感的代表和象征。以及依據(jù)最終一段中“JustbeinginproximitytootherpeopleinCentralParkgaveusasenseofcommunity—thesensethatwewouldsomehowpersevere.”(在中心公園和其他人近距離接觸給了我們一種歸屬的感覺——一種我們會以某種方式堅持下去的感覺。)可知，人們在中心公園中能夠找到人們堅持下去的歸屬感。表明中心公園為紐約人供應了精神勸慰。與A選項“在中心公園找尋勸慰”符合題意。故選A。CAnewstudycombininglinguistic,geneticandarchaeologicalevidencehastracedtheoriginsofthefamilyoflanguagesincludingmodernJapanese,Korean,TurkishandMongolianandthepeoplewhospeakthemtomillet(粟)farmerswhoinhabitedaregioninnortheasternChinaabout9,000yearsago．ThefindingsdetailedonWednesdaydocumentasharedgeneticancestryforthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhospeakwhattheresearcherscallTranseurasianlanguagesacrossanareastretchingmorethan8,000kilometers.Thefindingsillustratehowhumankind’sembraceofagriculturefollowingtheIceAgepoweredthemovementsofsomeoftheworld’smajorlanguagefamilies.Milletwasanimportantearlycropashunter-gathererstransitionedtoanagriculturallifestyle.Thereare98Transeurasianlanguages.Thislanguagefamily’sbeginningsweretracedtomilletfarmersintheLiaoRivervalley,anareaincludingpartsoftheChineseprovincesofLiaoningandJilinandtheregionofInnerMongolia.AsthesefarmersmovedacrossnortheasternAsia,thedescendantlanguagesspreadnorthandwestintoSiberiaandeastintoKoreaandovertheseatoJapanoverthousandsofyears.Theresearchstressedthecomplexbeginningsformodernpopulationsandcultures.“Acceptingthattherootsofone’slanguage,cultureorpeopleliebeyondthepresentnationalboundariesisakindofsurrenderofidentity,whichsomepeoplearenotyetpreparedtomake,”saidcomparativelinguistMartineRobbeets,leadauthorofthestudypublishedinthejournalNature.“PowerfulnationssuchasJapan,KoreaandChinaareoftenpicturedasrepresentingonelanguage,onecultureandonegeneticprofile.Butatruthisthatalllanguages,culturesandhumans,includingthoseinAsia,aremixed,”Robbeetsadded.TheoriginsofmodemChineselanguagesaroseindependently,thoughinasimilarfashion,withmilletalsoinvolved.WhiletheancestorsoftheTranseurasianlanguagesgrewmilletintheLiaoRivervalley,theoriginatorsoftheSino-TibetanlanguagefamilyfarmedmilletatroughlythesametimeinChina’sYellowRiverregion,pavingthewayforaseparatelanguageexpansion.8.Whatisthenewstudymainlyabout?A.Themigrationroutesofmilletfarmers.B.Theancientoriginsofalargelanguagefamily.C.ThedifferentancestriesofTranseurasianspeakers.D.Thesharedfeaturesofsomeneighboringlanguages.9.WhatfueledthespreadofTranseurasianlanguages?A.Thetransitionofpower. B.Thediversityoflifestyles.C.Theinteractionofcultures. D.Theadoptionoffarming.10.AccordingtoRobbeets,whomayfeeluncomfortableaboutthenewfindings?A.Thosefromagriculturalcountries.B.Thosewhodenytheirculturalidentity.C.Thosewithastrongsenseofnationalism.D.Thosewhoareafraidtocrossboundaries.11.Whatisthemainfunctionofthelastparagraph?A.Todrawaconclusion.B.Topresentlikelyconsequences.C.Tohighlightthetheme.D.Toofferadditionalinformation.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【解析】【分析】本篇是說明文，主要講了發(fā)表在《自然》期刊上的一項最新探討發(fā)覺，包括日語，韓語，土耳其語和蒙古語在內(nèi)的泛歐亞語系起源于9000年前的中國東北。農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展推動了語言的傳播。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段“Anewstudycombininglinguistic,geneticandarchaeologicalevidencehastracedtheoriginsofthefamilyoflanguagesincludingmodernJapanese,Korean,TurkishandMongolianandthepeoplewhospeakthemtomillet(粟)farmerswhoinhabitedaregioninnortheasternChinaabout9,000yearsago”（一項結(jié)合語言學、遺傳學和考古學證據(jù)的新探討追溯了現(xiàn)代日語、韓語、土耳其語和蒙古語等語言家族的起源，以及與居住在中國東北地區(qū)約9000年前的黍農(nóng)夫說這些語言的人）可知，第一段主要講了一支大語族的古代起源。故選B?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三自然段第一句話“Thefindingsillustratehowhumankind’sembraceofagriculturefollowingtheIceAgepoweredthemovementsofsomeoftheworld’smajorlanguagefamilies.”（探討結(jié)果說明白人類在冰河時代之后對農(nóng)業(yè)的接受如何推動了世界上一些主要語系的運動。）可知，是農(nóng)業(yè)推動了世界主要語系的發(fā)展。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。由第六段“Acceptingthattherootsofone’slanguage,cultureorpeopleliebeyondthepresentnationalboundariesisakindofsurrenderofidentity,whichsomepeoplearenotyetpreparedtomake,”（接受一個人的語言、文化或民族的根源超出目前的國界是一種身份的放棄，有些人還沒有打算好）可知，他認為承認自己的語言，文化或祖先來自境外，是一種身份的屈服，有些人接受不了。在四個選項中猛烈的民族主義者比較符合這個群體畫像。故選C。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。由最終一段“TheoriginsofmodemChineselanguagesaroseindependently,thoughinasimilarfashion,”（現(xiàn)代漢語的起源以類似的方式獨立出現(xiàn)）可知，最終一段主要講了現(xiàn)代漢語的起源，從最終一段可知漢藏語系和泛歐亞語系是獨立的。而前文主要探討的是泛歐亞語系，所以這里是補充額外信息。故選D。DA“secretive”newspeciesoffroghasbeendiscoveredontheforestfloorinIndia’sWesternGhatmountainrange.Namedthestarrydwarffrogafterthemarkingsonitsdarkbrownback,itisjust2centimeterslong.Thefrog,whoseclosestrelativesareagroupofspeciesnativetoIndiaandSriLinka,istheonlymemberofanancientlineage(血統(tǒng))datingbacktomillionsofyearsago,accordingtoresearchersfromIndiaandtheUS.ItisunclearwhetherthespeciesisdescendedfromAfricanorAsianfrogs.AgroupofIndianandUSresearchersfirstcameacrossthelocalspecieshiddeninleaf-litteraspartofawiderprojecttolookfornewfrogs,lizardsandsnakesintherichlybiodiverseregionandstoreditinajarforlaterstudy.Genetictestingandacloserlookatitsshape,colouringandotherfeatureshasshownthatitdoesn’tmatchanyexistingspecies.KartikShankeroftheIndianInstituteofScience,whohelpeddesignthestudy,sayswhileitiscommontofindnewfrogsinIndia,thisoneneedstobenoticed.“Thisparticularspeciesnotjustisanewspecies,butalsobelongstoanewgenus(屬),andthatmakesitalittlemorespecial,”saysShanker.ThenumberofknownspeciesoffrogidentifiedinIndiahasclimbedfromaround200toabove400overthepasttwodecades.Whilemanyspeciesnewtosciencearefrequentlyimmediatelysortedasendangered,itistooearlytosaywhetherthestarrydwarffrogisthreatened.“Theyareverysecretive,”saysShanker,addingthattheteamdidn’tknowthesizeofitspopulation.Thefrogisactiveatnightandlivesnearwater.Habitatlossisaseriousrisktofrogsintropicalforestsaroundtheworld,alongsidethreatssuchasadeadlyfungus(真菌)thathasbeenkillingoffamphibians(兩棲動物)forthepastfourdecades.Butthenewspecieswasfoundinareservedforest,meaningitwillenjoyadegreeofprotectionbyIndiangovernmentagencies.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Thespecieswasdiscoveredbytourists.B.Thespecieswasfoundinarichregion.C.Thespecieswasfinallysetfree.D.Thespecieswasfurtherstudied.13.Whatcanwesayaboutthenewfrog?A.Itisinsmallquantities.B.Itisanendangeredspecies.C.Itiswellworthattention.D.ItisrelatedtoAfricanorAsianfrogs.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?AHabitatlossisthechiefthreattofrogs.B.Thenewspeciesmayfacelessdangers.C.TropicalforestsinIndiaareallunderprotection.D.TheIndiangovernmentdeterminestosavefrogs.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArarefrogspeciesprotectedinIndiaB.AriseinspeciesoffrogseeninIndiaC.AsecretivefrogspeciesdiscoveredinIndiaD.AriskofhabitatlossforfrogsremovedinIndia【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種在印度發(fā)覺的新青蛙品種。通過探討它的種種特征表明，它不同于現(xiàn)有的青蛙種類，而是一種新的特別的屬類，并且目前尚不明確它是否屬于瀕危物種。【12題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“AgroupofIndianandUSresearchersfirstcameacrossthelocalspecieshiddeninleaf-litteraspartofawiderprojecttolookfornewfrogs,lizardsandsnakesintherichlybiodiverseregionandstoreditinajarforlaterstudy.(一組印度和美國的探討人員首次發(fā)覺了隱藏在落葉中的本地物種，這是一個更廣泛的項目的一部分，該項目旨在在這個生物多樣性豐富的地區(qū)找尋新的青蛙、蜥蜴和蛇，并將其儲存在一個罐子中供以后探討。)”和其次句“Genetictestingandacloserlookatitsshape,colouringandotherfeatureshasshownthatitdoesn’tmatchanyexistingspecies.(基因測試和對它的形態(tài)、顏色和其他特征的細致視察表明，它與現(xiàn)有的任何物種都不匹配。)”可知，新發(fā)覺的青蛙被裝在罐子里進行了基因測試、顏色、形態(tài)及等其他特征的進一步探討。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段其次句“Whilemanyspeciesnewtosciencearefrequentlyimmediatelysortedasendangered,itistooearlytosaywhetherthestarrydwarffrogisthreatened.(雖然很多科學上的新物種常常立即被歸類為瀕危物種，但現(xiàn)在說星矮蛙是否受到威逼還為時過早)”和第三句““Theyareverysecretive,”saysShanker,addingthattheteamdidn’tknowthesizeofitspopulation.(“它們特別奇異”，Shanker說，并補充說探討團隊不知道它們的數(shù)量。)”可知，新物種常備歸類為瀕危物種，而且這種新青蛙的數(shù)量是未知的，所以他們值得特別的關(guān)注。故選C項。【14題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“Butthenewspecieswasfoundinareservedforest,meaningitwillenjoyadegreeofprotectionbyIndiangovernmentagencies.(但這個新物種是在一片疼惜區(qū)發(fā)覺的，這意味著它將受到印度政府機構(gòu)的確定程度的疼惜。)”可知，這種新青蛙物種正在受政府疼惜，因此它面臨的緊急可能更小。故選B項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段第一句“A“secretive”newspeciesoffroghasbeendiscoveredontheforestfloorinIndia’sWesternGhatmountainrange.(在印度西高特山脈的森林地面上發(fā)覺了一種“奇異的”青蛙新品種。)”可知整篇文章介紹一種新被發(fā)覺的青蛙品種。C項“AsecretivefrogspeciesdiscoveredinIndia(在印度發(fā)覺的一種奇異的青蛙)”作為標題可以概括全文主旨。故選C項。其次節(jié)七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Holidaysandstressseemtogohandinhand.Tocope,manypeopleoftenstealhoursfromtheirsleeptopackinallthecooking,shopping,partiesandfamilytime.____16____.Trythesesleepexperttipstopreventfromruiningslumberduringtheholidays.Becarefulwithexcessfood____17____.However,Eatingsmallerportionsandtakingbreakstocheckinwithyourbodyonhowfullyouarecanhelp.Thisseemscruelespeciallywhenadeliciousmealisrightinfrontofyou,butthistipcanhelpreduceyourfeelingsofsleepiness.Besides,tryreplacingthesugaryandfattyfoodsonyourholidayplatewithmoreunprocessed,fiber-richfoods.____18____Manypeoplelookforwardtothatholidaynap,andoftenpointtotheturkeyasthecause.Infact,you’dhavetoeatabout8poundsforturkeytohaveaneffect.Instead,it’stherich,processedfoods,suchascandiedsweetpotatoesorpecanpie,thataremakingyoufeeltired____19____.WatchfordepressionIfyousufferfromanxiety,depressionorseasonalaffectivedisorder(aconditionthatcausessadnesswhenthere’slessdaylight),watchingyoursleepiskey.Depressionandsleeparelinked.____20____Calmingstrategiescanincludearelaxingtransitionbeforegoingtosleepinwhichyoucouldtakeabath,meditateorlistentosoothingmusic.A.BestrategicwithnapsB.WatchyouralcoholintakeC.AnothereffectivestrategyisregularexerciseD.Ifyoudodecidetohaveanap,besurenottodoittoosoonaftereatingE.Eatinglarge,heavymealscausesthebodytoworkhardertodigestthefoodsF.Poorsleepcandamageourmood,anddepressioncanleadtounhealthysleepG.Butevenanightortwoofshortsleepcanhaveshorttermeffectsonyourhealthandmood【答案】16G17.E18.A19.D20.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了防止你在假期里破壞睡眠的一些建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Holidaysandstressseemtogohandinhand.Tocope,manypeopleoftenstealhoursfromtheirsleeptopackinallthecooking,shopping,partiesandfamilytime.”（假期和壓力好像是形影不離的。為了應對這種狀況，很多人常常從睡眠中抽出幾個小時來做飯、購物、參與聚會和與家人共度時間。）可知很多人犧牲睡眠時間來做其他事。下文“Trythesesleepexperttipstopreventfromruiningslumberduringtheholidays.”（試試下面這些睡眠專家的建議，防止你在假期里破壞睡眠。）而后句提到專家給出建議，故可推知空格處應指出犧牲睡眠來做其他事對健康產(chǎn)生不好的影響。結(jié)合選項G項Butevenanightortwoofshortsleepcanhaveshorttermeffectsonyourhealthandmood.（但即使是一兩個晚上的睡眠不足也會對你的健康和心情產(chǎn)生短期影響。）符合此推斷，起到上下文的承上啟下作用。故選G項?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)小標題“Becarefulwithexcessfood”（當心過量的食物）和下一句“However,Eatingsmallerportionsandtakingbreakstocheckinwithyourbodyonhowfullyouarecanhelp.”（然而，少吃一點，休息一下，檢查一下你的身體，看看你有多飽會有所幫助。）故可推知，上一句應描述Eatinglarge的壞處。結(jié)合選項E項Eatinglarge,heavymealscausesthebodytoworkhardertodigestthefoods.（吃大餐會使身體更加努力地消化食物。）符合此推斷，上下文語意連貫，起到上下文的承上啟下作用。故選E項?！?8題詳解】由該題為段落小標題，可知為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Manypeoplelookforwardtothatholidaynap,andoftenpointtotheturkeyasthecause.”（很多人都期盼著假日的小憩，并常常把火雞作為緣由。）可知本段主要講的是和nap有關(guān)。結(jié)合選項A項Bestrategicwithnaps.（午睡要有策略。）意思一樣，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選A項?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)小標題可知，本空應給出與nap有關(guān)的建議，結(jié)合上文“Instead,it’stherich,processedfoods,suchascandiedsweetpotatoesorpecanpie,thataremakingyoufeeltired.”（相反，是豐富的加工食品，如蜜餞紅薯或山核桃派，讓你感到乏累。）提出是因為吃的太多影響小睡。結(jié)合選項D項Ifyoudodecidetohaveanap,besurenottodoittoosoonaftereating.（假如你確定小睡一會兒，確定不要在剛吃完飯的時候小睡。）為給出的建議，也是對上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)。上下文語意連貫。故選D項?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)小標題和上一句“Depressionandsleeparelinked.”（抑郁和睡眠有聯(lián)系）故可推知，本空應描述睡眠和心情的關(guān)系。結(jié)合選項F項Poorsleepcandamageourmood,anddepressioncanleadtounhealthysleep.（睡眠不好會損害我們的心情，而抑郁會導致不健康的睡眠。）為描述睡眠和心情的關(guān)系，也是對上文內(nèi)容的說明，上下文語意連貫。故選F項。第三部分語言學問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)OneMarchmorning,myhusband,mychildrenandIwentouttoMcDonalds.Itwasjustourwayof____21____playtimewithourfamily.Wewerestandinginline,____22____tobeservedwheneveryonearoundusbegantobackaway.AsIturnedaround,Ismelleda____23____smell.Standingbehindmeweretwohomelessmen.AsIlookeddownattheshortman____24____tome,hewassmilingatme.Hisbeautifulblue____25____werefullofGod’sLight.Hesaid“Goodday”ashecountedthefew____26____hehadbeenholding.Thesecondmanwasfumbling(擺平)withhishands,standingbehindhisfriendandkeepinglaughingandtalkingtohimself.Irealizedthesecondmanwas____27____mentally(精神上)disabled.Theyoungladyatthecounteraskedtheshortmanwhathe____28____.Hesaid,“Coffeeisall,Miss.”Thatwasallhecould____29____.Tositinthe_____30_____andwarmup,theyhadtobuysomething.Justthen,Inoticedalleyesintherestaurant_____31_____me.Ismiledandaskedtheyoungladytogivemetwomorebreakfasts.Ithenwalkedtothetablethatthetwomenhadchosenasa_____32_____spot.Iputthe_____33_____onthetableandlaidmyhandontheshortman’scoldhand.Helookedupatmewithtearsinhiseyes,andsaid,“Thankyou.”WhenIsatdown,myhusbandsmiledatmeandsaid,“Thatis_____34_____Godgaveyoutome,honey—togivemehope.”Weheldhandsforamomentandatthattime,meknewthatwewerenotchurchgoersbutwewerebelievers.Thatshortman’ssmile_____35_____methepureLightofGod.21.A.wasting B.sharing C.saving D.earning22.A.waiting B.refusing C.regretting D.hesitating23.A.dangerous B.harmful C.horrible D.sweet24.A.close B.related C.addicted D.attached25.A.hair B.clothes C.eyes D.faces26.A.books B.newspapers C.cards D.coins27.A.gradually B.obviously C.officially D.suddenly28.A.begged B.sold C.offered D.wanted29.A.destroy B.employ C.afford D.observe30.A.supermarket B.concert C.cinema D.restaurant31.A.focusedon B.stoodfor C.ledto D.differedfrom32.A.living B.working C.learning D.resting33.A.meals B.wallets C.smartphones D.bills34.A.what B.why C.how D.when35.A.sent B.warned C.showed D.handed【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.C26.D27.B28.D29.C30.D31.A32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者一家人在快餐店麥當勞購餐時幫助無家可歸人的閱歷?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這只是我們和家人共享玩耍時間的方式。A.wasting奢侈；B.sharing共享；C.saving保存；D.earning賺得。依據(jù)“OneMarchmorning,myhusband,mychildrenandIwentouttoMcDonalds.”可知，去麥當勞是作者和家人共享玩耍時間的方式。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們站成一排，等著供應，這時四周的人都起先往后退。A.waiting等待；B.refusing拒絕；C.regretting缺憾；D.hesitating遲疑。依據(jù)“Wewerestandinginline,”可知，作者一家排隊等待取餐。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我轉(zhuǎn)過身，我聞到了一股可怕的氣味。A.dangerous緊急的；B.harmful有害的；C.horrible可怕的；D.sweet甜的。依據(jù)“Wewerestandinginline,____2____tobeservedwheneveryonearoundusbegantobackaway.”可知，因為聞到了可怕的氣味，所以人們紛紛退讓。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我低頭看著靠近我的那個矮個子男人時，他正在對我微笑。A.close靠近的；B.related相關(guān)的；C.addicted沉溺的；D.attached附加的。依據(jù)“hewassmilingatme.”可知，矮個子男人離作者很靠近。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他漂亮的藍眼睛里充溢了上帝的光線。A.hair頭發(fā)；B.clothes衣服；C.eyes眼睛；D.faces臉。依據(jù)“Hisbeautifulblue”和“fullofGod’sLight”可知，矮個子男人眼睛是藍色的。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他一邊數(shù)著手里的幾枚硬幣，一邊說了聲“你好”。A.books書；B.newspapers報紙；C.cards卡片；D.coins硬幣。依據(jù)“Thatwasallhecould____9____.”可知，矮個子男人只能付得起咖啡的錢，所以手里拿的是硬幣。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到其次個人明顯是智障人士。A.gradually漸漸地；B.obviously明顯地；C.officially正式地；D.suddenly突然地。依據(jù)“Thesecondmanwasfumbling(擺平)withhishands,standingbehindhisfriendandkeepinglaughingandtalkingtohimself.”和常識可知，作者意識到其次個人明顯是智障人士。故選B。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：柜臺邊的年輕女士問那個矮個男人想要什么。A.begged請求；B.sold賣；C.offered供應；D.wanted想要。依據(jù)“Hesaid,“Coffeeisall,Miss.””可知，柜臺服務員問矮個男人想要買什么。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那是他所能負得起的。A.destroy摧毀；B.employ雇傭；C.afford付得起；D.observe視察。依據(jù)“Hesaid“Goodday”ashecountedthefew____6____hehadbeenholding.”可知，幾枚硬幣只能買得起一杯咖啡。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了在餐廳里坐著溫煦溫煦，他們得買些東西。A.supermarket超市；B.concert音樂會；C.cinema電影院；D.restaurant飯館。依據(jù)文章首句“OneMarchmorning,myhusband,mychildrenandIwentouttoMcDonalds.”可知，兩個無家可歸的人是為了在餐廳里坐著溫煦溫煦，所以到麥當勞餐廳。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，我留意到餐廳里全部的目光都集中在我身上。A.focusedon關(guān)注；集中；B.stoodfor代表；C.ledto導致；D.differedfrom與……不同。依據(jù)“Wewerestandinginline,____2____tobeservedwheneveryonearoundusbegantobackaway.”可知，其他顧客都紛紛退讓，只剩下作者一人，所以其他人的目光都集中在作者身上。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我走到那兩個人選擇的休息地點。A.living生活；B.working工作；C.learning學習；D.resting休息。依據(jù)“Ithenwalkedtothetable”可知，作者把兩份早餐送到兩個無家可歸人休息地點。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把食物放在桌子上，把手放在矮個子男人冰冷的手上。A.meals膳食；B.wallets錢包；C.smartphones智能手機；D.bills賬單。依據(jù)“Ismiledandaskedtheyoungladytogivemetwomorebreakfasts.”可知，作者把兩份早餐送給兩個無家可歸人。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：當我坐下時，我的丈夫微笑著對我說：“這就是為什么上帝把你給了我，敬重的——給我希望?！盇.what什么；B.why為什么；C.how怎么；D.when什么時候。依據(jù)“Godgaveyoutome”可知，丈夫說這是上帝把作者給了他的緣由。Thatiswhy…那就是為什么，連接副詞why引導表語從句。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那個矮個男人的微笑讓我看到了上帝純凈的光線。A.sent派送；B.warned警告；C.showed展示；D.handed遞交。依據(jù)“Thatshortman’ssmile”可知，矮個男人的微笑向作者展示了上帝的純凈之光。故選C。其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theworldwitnessedwhatwasdescribed____36____“Chongqingspeed”inpeople’sunitedactioninChina’sChongqingthatputoutover10forestfiresinlessthan10days.On