新教材2024版高中英語Unit6TheMediaPartEGrammar-itusedto和would的用法學生用書北師大版選擇性必修第二冊

PartEGrammar—it,usedto和would的用法(一)it的用法1．it用作人稱代詞(1)指代前面的名詞或前面提到過的事。?Myfriendofferedmeanamusingcomicyesterday,andIlikeitverymuch.我摯友昨天給了我一本好玩的漫畫書，我特別寵愛它。(2)指代性別不明的child或baby。?Thecomedianhasgivenbirthtoababyrecentlyanditisverybeautiful.這位喜劇演員最近生了個孩子，很美麗。(3)指代未出場的身份不明確的人。?—Whoiswaitingforyouatthebusstop?誰正在公共汽車站等著你？—Ihavenoidea.Itmaybemybrother.我不知道，可能是我的哥哥。(4)替代前文中的this，that。?Thisisyouranalysis?Willyouhanditin?這是你的分析嗎？你要交上去嗎？(5)表示時間、天氣、氣候、季節(jié)、距離等自然現(xiàn)象，或指事物的狀態(tài)。?It'steno'clock.十點鐘了。?Itisafinedaytoday，isn'tit?今日是個好天氣，對吧？?Itisfivekilometrestothetownfromthisvillage.從這個村莊到城鎮(zhèn)有五千米。(6)用于某些句型。?It'stime(forsb.)todosth.(某人)到時間該做某事了。?Itis(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.到某人該做某事的時候了。It/This/Thatis/wasthefirst/second...timethat...這/那是(某人)第一/二……次……Itis/hasbeen＋時間段＋since...自……以來已經(jīng)有多長時間了。eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))Itisfiveyearssincehewasputintoprisonforabusinghispower.他因濫用職權(quán)入獄已有五年了。[即學即練1]匹配下面it的用法/單句寫作A．指代前面的名詞或前面提到過的事B．指代性別不明的child或babyC．指代未出場的身份不明確的人D．時間E．距離①—Who'sthatatthedoorway?—Itisthemilkman.________________②Theantiqueisquiteworthy，isn'tit？________________③Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry.________________④WhatalongwayitisfromBeijingtoLondon！________________⑤Itwasnearlymidnightwhenthecircusfinishedtheperformance.________________⑥他們結(jié)婚已經(jīng)有5年了。________________________________________________________________________⑦到你該拿方法的時候了。________________________________________________________________________⑧這是他第一次被發(fā)覺這么懊喪。________________________________________________________________________⑨這中年人到時間該升職了。________________________________________________________________________⑩書架上只剩下一本哲學書了。你能去幫我拿來嗎？________________________________________________________________________2．it用作形式主語it用作形式主語，常代替不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或主語從句。(1)代替不定式(短語)?Itwasrareforthenaughtyboytobehavesowellatschool.這個頑皮的男孩在學校表現(xiàn)得這么好是很少見的。?It'sverykindofyoutohelpmeenthusiastically.你熱心地幫助我真好。(2)代替動名詞(短語)常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：It'snouse/nogood/nofun/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth.做某事沒有用/沒有好處/沒有意思/沒有用/奢侈時間。?Itisnousegivingthecandidatesomeadvice.給這位候選人提建議沒有用。(3)代替主語從句?Itisnecessarythatyoushouldconsultyourteacheraboutit.關(guān)于這件事你有必要向你的老師請教。?It'sapitythattheplanistoocomplicated.真是缺憾，這個支配太困難了。(4)留意以下固定句型It(so)happenedthat...碰巧……Itturnsoutthat...結(jié)果是……Itoccurredtosb.that...某人突然想起……Itissaidreported/believed/hoped/well-known/suggested...that...據(jù)說/據(jù)報道/人們信任/人人都希望/眾所周知/有人建議……?Itsohappenedthattheticketsweresoldout.碰巧票都賣光了。?ItturnsoutthattheratingoftheTVseriesisquitehigh.結(jié)果表明這部電視劇的收視率相當高。[即學即練2]完成句子①雖然中國的傳統(tǒng)服裝看起來更美麗和時尚，但穿著它走來走去有點兒驚異。AlthoughthetraditionalChinesedressmaylookmorebeautifulandstylish,________________________aroundinit.②我急需提高我的英語口語，因此對我來說找到一個以英語為母語的人學習真是太好了。IbadlyneedtoimprovemyoralEnglish,so____________________anativespeakerofEnglishtolearnfrom.③智能手機的確在我們的日常生活中扮演著重要的角色。________________________asmartphoneplaysanimportantroleinourdailylife.④作出假設(shè)很簡潔，但關(guān)鍵是如何把假設(shè)變成現(xiàn)實。______________________assumptionsbutthekeyishowtoturnthemintoreality.⑤據(jù)說這本書的情節(jié)是仿照了他的小說。______________________theplotinthisbookismodelledafterhisnovel.⑥________________________(幫他沒用)anditisapparentthathewillmakeusdisappointed.3．it用作形式賓語it?？纱娌欢ㄊ?短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在句子中作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句子后面，it作形式賓語常用于以下幾種狀況：(1)動詞＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋(for/ofsb.＋)todo/從句?Theyconsidereditsignificanttohavetheworkdoneontime.他們認為按時完成這項工作很重要。(2)動詞＋it＋nogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftime/worthone'swhile...＋doing...?Hethoughtitnousetryingtoconvincethem.他認為試圖勸服他們沒有用。(3)動詞＋it＋介詞短語＋that...oweitto...that...把……歸功于……takeitforgrantedthat...想當然/認為……是天經(jīng)地義的?Heowesittohisdoctor'scarethattheproducerisquitewellagain.多虧他的醫(yī)生的照料，這位制片人的身體又好起來了。(4)動詞appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike后面接if或when引導的從句作賓語時，中間需用形式賓語it，構(gòu)成“appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike＋it＋if/when從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。?Wewouldappreciateitiftheycouldcontributemoretothepoorinthecommunity.假如他們能夠為社區(qū)的窮人捐獻更多，我們將特別感謝。[即學即練3]單句語法填空/完成句子①Iowe________tomyprofessorthatIcanmakesogreatprogress.②Shehates________whenhecriticisedotherswithoutproof.③Ithinkitnouse________(evaluate)oureffortinthisway.④Wealltakeitforgranted________hismeasurementisright.⑤________________________(我將感謝不盡)ifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.⑥He__________________________(發(fā)覺很難忘掉)thepainfulexperiencewhilehewasstayinginAfrica.4．強調(diào)句的用法強調(diào)句就是把句中要強調(diào)的部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)放在itis/was和that/who之間，原句中剩余部分放在that/who之后。(1)強調(diào)句的陳述句句式：Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分。?The2024OlympicWinterGameswilltakeplaceinBeijingandZhangjiakou.→ItisinBeijingandZhangjiakouthatthe2024OlympicWinterGameswilltakeplace.2024年冬季奧運會將在北京和張家口舉辦?！菊`區(qū)警示】①強調(diào)句中的連接詞只用that(指人或物)或who(只指人)，且都不行省略；②強調(diào)句可以強調(diào)主語、賓語和狀語，但不能強調(diào)謂語，強調(diào)謂語動詞要用“do/does/did＋動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)強調(diào)句的一般疑問句句式：Is/Wasit＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分？?IsitinBeijingandZhangjiakouthatthe2024OlympicWinterGameswilltakeplace？2024年冬季奧運會是將在北京和張家口舉辦嗎？(3)強調(diào)句的特別疑問句句式：疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？?What'sitthatProfessorLiuteachesusthisyear？劉教授今年要教我們什么？?Whenandwherewasitthatyougottoknowthebrilliantcomedian?你在何時何地相識了這位才華橫溢的喜劇演員？?Whichactorisitthatthecritictargetsthistime？這個評論家這次批判的目標是哪個演員？(4)含有not...until...的強調(diào)句句式：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...?Hedidn'tfindhehadlefthisbaginthetaxiuntilhegothome30minuteslater.→Itwasnotuntilhegothome30minuteslaterthathefoundhehadlefthisbaginthetaxi.直到他到家30分鐘后，他才發(fā)覺把包落在了出租車上?！緦W法點撥】強調(diào)句的推斷方法：假如把強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)去掉，句子的意思是完整、清晰的，句子結(jié)構(gòu)也是完整的，這個句子就是強調(diào)句。假如把強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)去掉，意思不通順，結(jié)構(gòu)也不完整，則句子不是強調(diào)句。?Itwasbecauseherefusedtoobeythepolicemanthathewassenttothepolicestation.他是因為拒絕聽從警察(的囑咐)而被送到警察局的。把強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)去掉，則變?yōu)椋?Hewassenttothepolicestationbecauseherefusedtoobeythepoliceman.因為他拒絕聽從警察(的囑咐)，所以被送到了警察局。去掉強調(diào)部分后，句子意思通順，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，說明這是個強調(diào)句。[即學即練4]單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①What'smore,itwasyourconstantencouragement________inspiredmetobeconfident.②Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.③________waswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbours.④Itwaswhenwewerereturninghome________Irealisedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.⑤It'snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo________makeslifehappy.⑥ItwasnotuntilhewasexposedtoanEnglishenvironment________herealisedthesignificanceofittohisstudy.Theyencounteredeachotherinthatsupermarket.⑦__________________________________theyencounteredeachother.(強調(diào)原句中的地點狀語)⑧__________________________________theyencounteredeachother？(把⑦變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?⑨__________________________________theyencounteredeachother？(提問⑦句中的地點狀語)⑩Heinsistedthattheyshouldbehavewellinpublic.(強調(diào)句中的謂語動詞insist)He__________________________thattheyshouldbehavewellinpublic.(二)usedto和would1．usedto的用法(1)“usedto＋動詞原形”表示過去的習慣(現(xiàn)在不了)。?Theoldprofessorwhohascontributedgreatlytothedevelopmentoftheuniversityusedtoliveinthecampus.那位為高校的發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻的老教授過去住在校內(nèi)里。(現(xiàn)在不了)(2)usedto的疑問句有兩種形式①把used放到句首。②借助助動詞did并放到句首，把used變?yōu)閡se。?Usedtheoldengineertogotoworkbybus?＝Didtheoldengineerusetogotoworkbybus?那位老工程師以前乘公共汽車去上班嗎？【詞語辨析】(1)usesth.todosth.用某物做某事?Youcanusethemoneythesponsorgavetobuysomenewequipment.你可以用贊助商給的錢買一些新設(shè)備。(2)beusedtodosth.被用來做某事?Woodisusedtomakehousesinthisarea.在這個地區(qū)，木頭被(人們)用來蓋房子。(3)be/get/becomeusedto(doing)sth.習慣于(做)某事?Theoldmanusedtoliveinthepeacefulmountainvillage.Nowheisusedtolivinginthenoisycity.達位老者過去住在安靜的山村里，現(xiàn)在他習慣住在熱鬧的城市里。[即學即練1]單句語法填空/單句寫作①Heused________(abandon)hisworkforseveralmonthsatatime.②Hehaslivedhereforfiveyears.Heisusedto________(live)herenow.③我過去常常和我哥哥踢足球。________________________________________________________________________④他已經(jīng)習慣了每周五下午參與課外活動。________________________________________________________________________⑤那座位于我們學校東南角的房子可以用來儲存書籍。________________________________________________________________________2．would的用法(1)表示過去反復發(fā)生的動作或過去的一種傾向，意為“過去常常”。?Whenhewasincollege,hewouldgotothelibraryatweekends.他在上高校時，總是在周末去圖書館。(2)would是will的過去式，表示過去的意志或意愿，可用于多種人稱。?Hetriedtopersuadehertoparticipateinthecampaign，butshewouldn't.他試圖勸服她參與這次活動，但她不想。(3)表示說話人現(xiàn)在的意愿。wouldlike/lovetodosth.想做某事，情愿做某事?Iwouldliketosponsorthecampaignaimedatarousingthepublic'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.我情愿贊助這個旨在喚起公眾環(huán)保意識的活動。(4)表示向?qū)Ψ教岢鰬┣?，語氣比will委婉，也可表示委婉地提出看法、建議等。?Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook?請把書遞給我好嗎？(5)用在虛擬語氣中，表示與事實相反。woulddosth.將會……(事實上事情不會發(fā)生)wouldhavedonesth.原來會……(事實上事情沒有發(fā)生)wouldn'thavedonesth.原來不會……(事實上事情發(fā)生了)?IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveyourdaughtermorefreedomtoparticipateinmoreactivities.假如我是你，我會給你女兒更多的自由去參與更多的活動。?Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenthegreatwriter.假如你昨天來的話，你就會見到那位宏大的作家了。[即學即練2]完成句子①在那些日子里她的女兒們間或去探望她。Herdaughters________________________fromtimetotimeinthosedays.②我承諾會完成這項艱苦的工作。IpromisedthatI________________________thetoughtask.③我想看一下他的杰作。I________________________havealookathismasterpiece.④你情愿讓我具體說明一下這件事嗎？Wouldyoulikeme________________________indepth?⑤去年假如沒有那家大公司的贊助，我們公司就不會有這么多的利潤。Ifthecorporationhadn'tsponsoreduslastyear,ourcompany________________________．3．usedto與would的用法比較(1)相同點：兩者都表示過去習慣性或常常性的動作或行為，?？蓳Q用。?Whenwewereyoung,wewould/usedtogoskatingeverywinter.我們年輕時，每年冬天都去滑冰。(2)不同點①usedto表示過去的習慣性動作或狀態(tài)，如今已不存在，與現(xiàn)在的狀況形成對比；would表示過去某種特定狀況下的活動，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。?MrLiusedtowritemanythingsontheblackboard.Butnow,heisusedtomakinguseofmultimediateachingsystem.李老師過去常常在黑板上寫許多東西。但現(xiàn)在，他已經(jīng)習慣了利用多媒體教學系統(tǒng)。?Hewouldgotosomecommercialactivitiesassoonashewasfree.在過去他一有空就去參與一些商業(yè)活動。②usedto表示過去持續(xù)的狀態(tài)或反復的行為；would只表示過去反復的行為，不表示狀態(tài)。?IusedtohaveacatcalledHuahua.我過去有一只叫“花花”的貓。?Theyoungmanwouldgohuntingatweekends.在過去這個年輕人周末總?cè)ゴ颢C。[即學即練3]完成句子①我過去常常買高爾夫球那么大的糖果。I________________sweetsthesizeofgolfballs.②當他陷入逆境時他總是來找我。(現(xiàn)在未知)He______________tomewhenheranintotrouble.③他們過去常常通過志愿者工作來擴大服務(范圍)。(現(xiàn)在不再這樣)They________________expandtheirservicesbyvolunteerwork.④上寄宿學校的時候，他是個令人頭痛的學生。Whenhewasatboardingschool,he________________atroublesomestudent.語法專題一Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．________isdifficulttofindworkinthepresenteconomicclimate.2．Whereismytimetable?IrememberIleft________onmydesklastnight.3．Someonehasmadetheadaptations.Doyouknowwhois________？4．Ifound________difficulttouseanappropriatewordtodescribehowIfeltatthatmoment.5．________ismyteachingstylethatispreciselysimilartothatofmostotherteachers.6．________isgreatfuntoplaychesswithhimbecauseheisinhighratings.7．Idon'tthink________agoodideatofinddifferentversionsofabooktoreadtogether.8．Howlongis________sincethenovelwasfirstpublished?Ⅱ.完成句子1．新節(jié)目多久播出？________________________thenewprogrammebebroadcast?2．隨著技術(shù)進步，現(xiàn)在已有可能找出大腦的不同功能。________________________tomapthedifferentfunctionsofthebrainwiththetechnicalimprovements.3．她的醫(yī)生始終告知她不要吃各種各樣的垃圾食品，但這并不管用。Herdoctorkeepstellinghernottoeatdiversejunkfood,________________________．4．樓下的男人發(fā)覺很難和他的鄰居協(xié)商。Themandownstairs________________________toconsultwithhisneighbours.5．每周都寵愛在網(wǎng)上買東西的不是他。________________________likespurchasingthingsonlineeveryweek.Ⅲ.單句寫作1．有必要立馬派他過來。________________________________________________________________________2．有些老師發(fā)覺很難保持課堂秩序。________________________________________________________________________3．人們的咳嗽聲使得演講者不能被聽到。________________________________________________________________________4．我不會游泳讓他大吃一驚。________________________________________________________________________5．外面很冷，你最好把小貓都聚在一起。________________________________________________________________________6．現(xiàn)在外面很熱，所以你最好待到晚上。________________________________________________________________________7．我家離學校很近，所以我總是步行去上學。________________________________________________________________________8．知道自己的局限性很重要。________________________________________________________________________語法專題二Ⅰ.用usedto,didn'tuseto或would完成下列句子1．I________forgetmyhometown,untiltheteacheruploadedsomepicturestohismicroblog.2．Hewasarespectedoldmanandhischildren________comeandvisithimeveryday.3．Tobehonest,IfeellessdisappointedthanI________be.4．Atsomepointkidsstartdoingthingsthey________do.Theygetpreciselyindependent.5．Itshouldnotbeforgottenthatthey________getmuchmoreprofitfromthecompany.6．I________liveinManchester,butImovedtoasurroundingtownofLondonlastyear.7．Whenhewasatschool,he________learnpoliticalcourseseverySaturday.8．She________hateherjobuntilshegotapromotionforhertechnicalskill.9．Whenheworkedattheagency,he________sleepuntilnoonatweekends.10．Mysisterlivedincommercialdistrictformanyyears,butshe________comehomeforChristmas.Ⅱ.單句寫作1．我過去信任每個人都像我一樣懇切。________________________________________________________________________2．格林一家過去住在我們家隔壁。________________________________________________________________________3．我父母外出的時候，總是祖母照看我。________________________________________________________________________4．他總是第一個主動提出幫忙。________________________________________________________________________5．夏天的晚上他們常常在花園里吃晚飯。________________________________________________________________________6．他以前常常踢足球，可那是很久以前的事了。________________________________________________________________________7．我曾經(jīng)有一輛很舊的小汽車。________________________________________________________________________8．過去人們信任太陽圍著地球轉(zhuǎn)。________________________________________________________________________9．過去我常常讀許多小說，但是現(xiàn)在我沒有時間讀。________________________________________________________________________10．這個老人過去收集郵票，現(xiàn)在他把郵票都賣給我了。________________________________________________________________________Ⅲ.短文語法填空InablogaboutEnglishstudy,manystudentsexpress1.________(they)biggestproblemswithlearningEnglish.LiuWenused2.________(get)highmarksinEnglish,butheis,now,havingmuchtrouble3.________hislistening.JiaXinsaysthat4.________(listen)toEnglishradioprogrammeshelpshimgetusedtohowfastnativespeakerstalk,buthowtomakerequestsinEnglishpolitely5.________(be)JiaXin'sbiggestproblem.Asforthis,LiRuithinksitdependson6.________we'retalkingto.Ifwearetalkingtoaclosefriend,wecanuseshortrequests,butifwe'retalkingtosomeonewhoisn'tverycloseorissenior7.________us,wemustmakeourrequests8.________(long).ForLiRui,vocabularyisherbiggestproblemandshecan'trememberhowtousewords9.________(proper).Canyougivehersome10.________(advise)?

PartEGrammar—it,usedto和would的用法(一)即學即練1①C②A③B④E⑤D⑥It'sfiveyearssincetheygotmarried.⑦Itishightimethatyoumadeupyourmind.⑧Itisthefirsttimethathehasbeenfoundsofrustrated.⑨Itistimeforthemiddle-agedmantogetpromoted.⑩Thereisonlyonephilosophybookontheshelf.Canyoufetchitforme?即學即練2①itisalittlebitstrangetowalk②itisgreatformetofind③Itistruethat④Itiseasytomake⑤Itissaidthat⑥Itisnouse/uselesshelpinghim即學即練3①it②it③evaluating④that⑤I'dappreciateit⑥findsitdifficulttoforget即學即練4①that②that③It④that⑤that⑥that⑦Itwasinthatsupermarketthat⑧Wasitinthatsupermarketthat⑨Wherewasitthat⑩didinsist(二)即學即練1①toabandon②living③Iusedtoplaysoccerwit