Unit+3+Diverse+Cultures+單元知識點 高中英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊

B3U3.LanguagePoints

知識點1._______adj.不同的；多種多樣的→_________n.差異（性）；不同（點）；多樣性diversediversity2._______n.機會；運氣→_________adj.幸運的；吉利的→__________adv.幸好；幸運地fortunefortunatefortunately3.______vi.&

vt.承認；準許進入

→__________n.入場費；準許進入；承認admitadmission4._________adv.肯定；確實

→________adj.肯定的definitelydefinite5._________adj.（有關(guān)）歷史的

→_______n.歷史historicalhistory詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P63）6.__________adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的→_______n.毒物；毒藥；毒素vt.毒死；毒害poisonouspoison7.__________n.作品集；收集物；收藏品→_______vt.收集；搜集；采集collectioncollect8.______vt.&

vi.定居；結(jié)束（爭論）；解決（糾紛）→__________n.解決；結(jié)算；處理settlesettlement9.____________n.建筑；建造；建造物；（句子、短語等的）結(jié)構(gòu)→_________vt.建造；創(chuàng)建constructionconstructadj.+-ity→n.n.+-ous

→adj.diverse→diversity

差異；多樣性major→majority

大多數(shù)similar→similarity

相似性；相似點；類似的地方poison→

poisonous

有毒的；引起中毒的humor→

humorous

幽默的danger

→dangerous

危險的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律1.head___（朝……）前進；（向……）去to2._____one's

fortune尋找成功致富之路；闖世界seek3.apart______除了……外（還）；此外from4.bring______導(dǎo)致；引起about5.fortune

cookie__________幸運曲奇6.earn

a

living______謀生7.series

of________________________一系列或一連串（事件）8.to

name

but

a

few__________僅舉幾例9.（at）

first

hand______________第一手；親自短語背誦1.

diverse

adj.多種多樣的；不同的

diversity

n.差異（性）；不同（點）；多樣性be

diverse

from

不同于diverse

culture

多元的文化；

豐富的文化a（great/wide/rich）diversity

of

多種多樣的

重點詞匯Ⅰ.單句填空（1）Two

of

our

greatest

strengths

are_______（diverse）and

community.diversity（2）His

character

is

diverse______his

elder

brother's.from（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P65）2.

fortune

n.機會；運氣

fortunate

adj.幸運的；吉利的

unfortunate

adj.不幸的；令人遺憾的

fortunately

adv.幸運地

unfortunately

adv.不幸地；遺憾地good

fortune

好運氣bad

fortune

不好的運氣have

the

good

fortune

to

do

sth

有幸做某事seek

one's

fortune

尋找成功致富之路；闖世界make

a

fortune

發(fā)財try

one's

fortune

碰運氣（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P66）融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）I

have

the

good

fortune________（work）in

our

department

office.to

work（2）___________（fortunate），a

young

man

who

was

just

passing

bycame

up

to

the

injured.Fortunately（3）We

are

so

fond

of

our

high

intelligence

that

we

assume

that

when

it

comes

to

brain

power，

more

must

be

better._____________（fortunate），

that

is

not

the

case.Unfortunately3.

admit

vt.&

vi.承認vt.準許進入（或加入）admission

n.進入；入場費；承認（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P69）admit

to

sb

向某人承認be

admitted

as...

作為……被接受be

admitted

into/to...

被……錄取admit

（to）

doing

sth

承認做某事admit

that

承認……融會應(yīng)用Ⅰ.單句填空（1）—Did

Jack

admit____________（take）some

books

without

telling

anybody？—Yes，he

did.

He

said

he

took

three

books.having

taken（2）Little

Tom

admitted______________（cheat）

in

the

examination，

promising

that

he

wouldn't

do

that

again.having

cheated（3）He

works

very

hard

in

order

to

get

himself_________（admit）

into

a

key

university.admitted（4）She

asked

me

whether

I

had

returned

the

books

to

the

library，

and

I_________（admit）

that

I

hadn't.admitted4.

occur

vi.（occurred，

occurred）發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)

occurrence

n.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)it

occurs

to

sb

to

do

sth

某人突然想到做某事sth

occurs

to

sb=sth

strikes

sb=it

hits/strikes

sb

that...某人突然想起某事Itoccurstosbthat...

某人突然想起某事it

happens

that...偶然發(fā)生了某事（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P70）表達“發(fā)生”之意時，occur與happen可互換；另外occur,happen,takeplace,breakout,comeabout等表“發(fā)生”時都不能用于被動語態(tài)或進行時態(tài)。融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）Flu

often_______（occur）

in

winter

and

spring.occurs（2）Ralph

Waldo

Emerson

would

always

set

down

new

ideas

that

occurred___him.to（3）It

never

occurred

to

her_______（ask）

for

help

when

she

was

in

trouble.to

askIt

occurred

to

him

that

he

had

left

his

keys

in

his

office.

So

he

went

to

catch

them.

On

his

way

to

his

office，he

saw

a

terrible

accident

occurred

in

the

middle

of

the

road.5.

seek

vt.&

vi.（sought，sought）尋找；尋求；爭?。徽埱?/p>

seeker

n.尋求者seek（for/after）sb/sth

尋找某人/某物seek

out

挑選/找出seek

to

do

sth

試圖做某事seek

happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福/安逸/財富/成功hide-and-seek

捉迷藏（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P70）融會應(yīng)用Ⅰ.單句填空（1）He_______（seek）

for

a

house

nearby

but

found

none

suitable.sought（2）Some

parents

always

seek________（help）

their

children，even

to

make

the

most

important

decisions.to

help（3）He

is

the

man

who

is

always

seeking________truth.for/after（4）I

am

a_______（seek）

after

happiness.seeker6.

earn

vt.&

vi.掙得；贏得；博得；賺得

earnings

n.利潤；收入；工資earn

money=make

money

掙錢earn

respect/fame

贏得尊重/名聲earn

a/one's

living=make

a/one's

living

謀生earn

a

reputation

贏得聲譽（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P71）earn、gain和win的用法辨析：earn側(cè)重指依靠自己的勞動或因付出代價而獲得。gain側(cè)重指經(jīng)過努力或有意識的行動而取得某種成就或獲得某種利益或好處。win主要指通過努力、斗爭、比賽等而贏得。earn

one's

living/bread

謀生gain

experience

獲得經(jīng)驗win

a

victory

贏得勝利融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）Sarah

was

told

that

she

could

be

Britain's

new

supermodel，

________（earn）

a

million

dollars

in

the

next

year.earning（2）You

are

old

enough________（earn）

your

own

living.to

earn（3）You

have

to

work

hard________（earn）

your

Bachelor

of

Arts

degree.to

earn（4）Credibility

is

hard________（earn）

and

easy

to

lose.to

earn7.

select

vt.挑選；選擇；選拔

selection

n.挑選；選擇select

sb

to

do

sth

挑選某人做某事select

sb/sth

as/to

be...

挑選某人/某物作為……（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P71）choose、select、pick和elect的用法辨析:choose表示“選擇；挑選”，用法最廣，表示范圍較小、普通的選擇select表示“精心挑選”，是從一個大范圍內(nèi)進行選擇，即指從同類的許多東西中仔細辨別后選擇最合適的，從而淘汰一部分pick表示“挑選；挑揀”，是挑剔和苛刻地選擇，多指挑選有形的東西elect表示“選舉；推選”，一般表示范圍較大的、公民式“選舉”，即具有正式手續(xù)的選舉Ⅱ.用choose、select、pick、elect的適當(dāng)形式填空（4）All

the

people

agreed

to_____him

our

chairman.elect（5）Finally

he______the

job

that

we

offered.chose（6）The

boy________the

best

things

from

the

shop.selected（7）Will

you_____some

apples

for

me？pick融會應(yīng)用Ⅰ.單句填空（1）We

selected

her____________（represent）

us

at

the

meeting.to

represent（2）The

three__________（select）presented

above

are

typical

examples.selections（3）The

players________（select）

from

the

whole

country

are

expected

to

bring

us

honour

in

this

game.selected8.

claim

vt.&n.奪?。ㄉ恍Q；認領(lǐng)；索?。粩嘌詂laim

to

do...

聲稱做……It

is

claimed

that...

據(jù)說……make

a

claim

聲稱；斷言（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P72）9.series

n.一系列；連續(xù)

serial

n.連續(xù)??；連載小說a

series

of

一連串的；一系列的a

TV

series

一部電視連續(xù)劇a

series

of

accidents

一連串事故a

series

of

articles

一系列文章in

series

連續(xù)；一系列地（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P73）10.

escape

vi.&vt.逃脫；逃避；避開

n.逃跑；逃避

escaped

adj.逃跑了的escape

one's

attention

避開某人的注意escape

from

從……逃脫；逃避escape

doing

避免做……escape

punishment/being

punished

逃避懲罰a

narrow

escape

死里逃生；幸免于難an

escape

of

gas

煤氣泄漏（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P73）融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）Compared

with

the________（escape）driver，I

am

proud

of

what

I

did.escaped（2）It

was

lucky

of

him

to

escape___________（kill）in

that

accident.being

killed11.

head

to

（朝……）前進；（向……）去head

for/towards

朝……前進head...to...把……引至或領(lǐng)到……h(huán)ead

up

走在前頭；當(dāng)頭；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)head

to

trouble

引起麻煩（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P74）12.

bring

about

引起；導(dǎo)致bring

up

養(yǎng)育；培養(yǎng)；提出；嘔吐bring

back

帶回；使想起bring

down

使降低；使倒下bring

in

引進；賺得bring

out

出版；使顯現(xiàn)（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P74）表示“導(dǎo)致”的單詞或短語還有:cause、

result

in、

contribute

to、

lead

to等。融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）Science

has

brought______many

changes

in

our

lives.about（2）I

have

three

part-time

jobs，which

bring___about￡14,000

a

year.in（3）Many

women

still

take

career

breaks

to

bring____children.up13.

apart

from

除了……外（還）；此外（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P74）apart

from、except

for、except、besides、but

for、in

addition

to和except

that的用法辨析:apart

from=except“除……以外”（不包括在內(nèi)）apart

from=besides=inadditionto“除……以外還”（包括在內(nèi)）except

for“除……以外”（從整體中除去一個細節(jié)，一個方面）besides“除了……還”。

besides還可以作副詞，表示“并且；而且”。butfor“如果不是由于…”exceptthat后面跟句子，用來說明理由或增加細節(jié)。融會應(yīng)用

用apart

from、except（for）、besides、but

for、in

addition

to、except

that填空（1）__________________being

fun

and

good

exercise，swimming

is

a

very

useful

skill.Apart

from/Besides（2）__________________other

considerations，time

is

also

a

factor.Apart

from/Besides（3）Your

composition

is

good__________a

few

spelling

mistakes.except

for（4）He

has

always

been

in

good

health___________he

has

had

a

slight

headache

in

the

past

few

days.except

that（5）He

lost

his

job，

and_____________that，

his

wife

left

him.in

addition

to（6）He

answered

all

the

questions_______the

last

one.except（7）________your

help，we

couldn't

have

succeeded

in

the

experiment.But

for14.it為形式主語，真正的主語為后面的動詞不定式短語的句式結(jié)構(gòu)有:（1）it+系動詞+形容詞+to

do...（2）it+系動詞+名詞+to

do...（3）it+系動詞+介詞短語+to

do...（4）it+動詞+賓語

（+形容詞）+to

do...融會應(yīng)用

單句寫作（1）________________________before

dark.天黑以前趕到那里很困難。It

is

difficult

to

get

there（2）__________________________this

matter.處理這個問題是他的責(zé)任。It

was

his

duty

to

attend

to（3）_______________________that

you

have

to

go

away.聽說你不得不離開，我很難過。It

makes

me

sad

to

hear（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P75）15.

獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語通常是句子的主語；但有時分詞（短語）有自己的主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)形式歸納:①名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞（表示主動或進行）②名詞/代詞+動詞-ed形式（表示被動或已經(jīng)完成）③名詞/代詞+動詞不定式（表示將要發(fā)生的動作）④名詞/代詞+形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/名詞（常用來說明名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)、特征或所處的狀態(tài)）⑤with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/動詞-ed形式/動詞不定式/形容詞/介詞短語/副詞（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P76）融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）The

meeting______（be）

over，

people

went

back

home.being（2）Much

time______（spend）

sitting

at

a

desk，

office

workers

are

generally

troubled

by

health

problems.spent（3）She

stood

there

chatting

with

her

friend，with

her

child________（play）beside

her.playing16.but與however的

區(qū)別but與however都有“但是；然而；可是”之意，但兩者有很大的區(qū)別:從語義上看，but所表示的是很明顯的對比，轉(zhuǎn)折意味比however強；從語法上看，but是并列連詞，而however是連接副詞；從語序上看，but一般位于所引出分句之首，而however可位于句首、句中或句末；從標(biāo)點上看，but之后一般不使用逗號，而however位于句中時，常在其前后各加一個逗號，位于分句末尾時，則在其前加逗號。（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P76）融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）I

thought

we'd

be

late

for

the

concert，____we

ended

up

getting

there

ahead

of

time.but（2）You

can

phone

Lily

if

you

like._________，I

doubt

whether

she

will

come

out

on

a

Saturday

night.However17.

collection

n.作品集；收集物；收藏品；募捐；募集

collect

vt.收集；采集

collective

adj.集體的；共有的

collector

n.收藏家；收集者make

a

collection

for

為……募捐a

collection

of

一批；一系列a

collection

of

short

stories

短篇小說集collection

and

delivery

上門取送（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P79）18.

settle

vt.&vi.和解；定居；確定；解決（糾紛）

settlement

n.協(xié)議；解決；處理

settled

adj.安定的settle

on

決定settle

in

習(xí)慣于（新居）；適應(yīng)（新工作）；安頓下來settle

oneself

使某人自己穩(wěn)定下來settle

down

定居；安定下來；安靜下來；平靜下來（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P85）融會應(yīng)用

單句填空（1）With

the

difficult

problem_______（settle），he

went

to

the

cinema

with

his

friends.settled（2）They

failed

to

reach

a_________（settle），because

they

disagreedtoo

much

with

each

other.settlement（3）After

all

the

recent

excitement，

things

have

begun

to

settle

______again.down19.

construction

n.建筑；建造；建造物；（句子/短語等的）結(jié)構(gòu)

construct

vt.建筑；建造；創(chuàng)建；組成

constructor

n.建造者；制造者

constructive

adj.建設(shè)性的during

（the）

construction

在建設(shè)過程中（be）

under

construction

正在建設(shè)中；在施工work

in

construction在建筑行業(yè)工作（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P85）融會應(yīng)用

單句寫作（1）Their

city__________________________since

last

year.他們的城市自去年以來一直在建設(shè)中。has

been

under

construction（2）__________________，problems

which

require

design

changes

often

arise.在施工過程中，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)需要更改設(shè)計的問題。During

construction20.suit

vt.適合；滿足……需要；相配；合身

n.西服；套裝

suited

adj.適合的

suitable

adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?；適合的a

suit

of...

一套……suit...to...

使……適合……be

suited

for/to

sth

（某人）適合某物be

suitable

for

sb

（某物）適合某人be

suitable

to

do

sth

適合做某事Ⅰ.單句填空（1）This

film

Big

Fish

&

Begonia

is________（suit）for

people

of

all

ages.（2）He

suited

his

speech___the

audience.suitableto（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P86）21.

contain

vt.包含；含有；容納；克制；抑制

container

n.容器

＊containment

n.遏制；控制contain

one's

anger/feelings/grief

抑制某人的憤怒/感情/悲痛contain

oneself

克制自己（導(dǎo)學(xué)案P86）Ⅰ.單句填空（1）The

stadium

is

large

enough__________（contain）