人教版初三(上)英語第11講：UNIT-6-詞匯篇(學生版)

Module6詞匯篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟練掌握本模塊基礎(chǔ)的單詞，短語，句子。

ItissaidthataChineserulercalledShenNongfirstdiscoveredteaasadrink.

據(jù)說一個叫做神農(nóng)的中國統(tǒng)治者首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶作為一種飲料。

·

基本用法

本句中包括兩個非常重要的結(jié)構(gòu)：

1.Itis+過去分詞+that，常用到的動詞有：say,report,believe,think等。

Itissaid/believed/reported/thought/hopedthat...據(jù)說/認為/報道

本句中it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的主語從句是真正的主語。

ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduringthe6thand7thcenturies.

人們認為茶是在6、7世紀被帶到韓國和日本的。

2.calledShenNong做aChineseruler的后置定語，翻譯成：一個名叫做神農(nóng)的中國統(tǒng)治者。

初中?？嫉倪€有named也可以做后置定語。如：

aboynamedTom

一個名叫湯姆的男孩

BasketballwasinventedbyaCanadiandoctornamedJamesNaismith,whowasbornin1861.

籃球是由一位名叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的加拿大博士發(fā)明的，他出生于1861年。

建議：搜索called/named做后置定語的題目時，選擇知識點為：done做定語，同時在關(guān)鍵詞中輸入：

call或name。

InEngland,teadidn'tappearuntilaround1660,butlessthan100yearslater,

it

hadbecomethenationaldrink.

在英格蘭，茶大約在1660年才出現(xiàn)，但是不到100年后，它就已經(jīng)成為了國際性的

飲料。

·

基本用法

本句中包含了兩個比較重要的結(jié)構(gòu)：

1.not...until

直到...才

Shedidn'tgotobeduntilhermumcameback.

直到她媽媽回來，她才去睡覺。

2....ithadbecomethenationaldrink的時態(tài)為過去完成時，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：had+過去分詞，

過去完成時的含義：表示在過去某一時刻或動作之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，即”過去的過去?！?/p>

Bythetimehewas14,Mozarthadcomposedmanypiecesfortheharpsichord,pianoandviolin,

aswellasfororchestras.

到14歲的時候，莫扎特已經(jīng)為管弦樂和大鍵琴、鋼琴、小提琴作了許多樂曲。

InChina,youcansometimesseepeopleplayingbasketballinparks,schoolsand

eveninfactories.

在中國，你能看見人們有時候在公園、學校，甚至是工廠里打籃球。

·

基本用法

本句中，包含seesbdoing的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看見某人正在做某事”。

1.seesb.doingsth.看見某人正在做某事。

WhenIpassthewindowIseehimdrawingapicture.

當我經(jīng)過窗口時，看到他正在畫畫。

2.除此以外，還有seesb.dosth.的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看見某人做過某事”

Ioftenseehimdrawapicture.

我經(jīng)?？吹剿嫯?。

Whenhewasatcollege,histeacheraskedtheclasstothinkofagamethatcanbe

playedinthewinter.

當他在大學的時候，他的老師讓同學們想出一個可以在冬天玩的游戲。

·

基本用法

1.這句話中包含“asksb.todosth.”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“讓某人做某事”。

類似的接雙賓語的詞還有：want/tell/allow/permit/force/forbid/encourage/persuadesb.todosth.

意思是：

想/告訴/允許/強迫/禁止/鼓勵/勸阻某人做某事等。

Shewantedhimtosingforherfriends．

她想讓他為她的朋友唱歌。

Thepolicemantoldtheboysnottoplayinthestreet．

警察告訴孩子們別在街上玩耍。

MymotherallowstowatchTVonlyafterIhavefinishedmyhomework.

我媽媽允許我完成作業(yè)后看電視。

2.句中“thatcanbeplayedinthewinter”是定語從句修飾先行詞agame.關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語。

Do

you

know

the

gentleman

thatspoke

just

now？

你知道剛才發(fā)言的男士嗎？

Playersonthesameteammustworktogethertohelpeachothergettheballinthe

otherteam'sbasket.

在同一個隊的選手們必須一起努力來幫助彼此把球投到另一個隊的籃筐里。

·

基本用法

本句中包含的主要知識點有：

1.介詞短語onthesameteam做players的后置定語，翻譯成在同一個隊伍里的選手們

TheboyinblueisTom.

穿藍色衣服的男孩是湯姆。

2.不定式“tohelpeachothergettheball”作目的狀語，

Iwenttheretoseemyuncle.

我去那兒想看望我的叔叔。

3.“helpeachothergettheball..."采用了”helpsb.(to)dosth.“的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為：幫助某人做某事。

Theytrytohelpme(to)passtheexamination.

他們盡力幫助我通過考試。

Basketballhasnotonlybecomeapopularsporttoplay,ithasalsobecomeamore

popularsporttowatch.

籃球不僅成為一種人們喜歡從事的體育活動，而且更成為受人們喜愛觀看的一種體育

運動。

·

基本用法

本句中采用了”notonly...butalso"的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為：“

不僅...而且...”，用于連接兩個表示并列關(guān)系的成分，

著重強調(diào)后者，其中also有時可以省略。

1.連接主語：

NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefondofwatchingtelevision.

不僅我，而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。

2.連接謂語動詞

TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberof

socialcustoms.

英國人和美國人不但語言相同，而且有很多相同的風俗習慣。

3.連接賓語：

Dannyisgoodatnotonly

musicbutalso

art.

丹尼不僅擅長音樂，還擅長美術(shù)。

4.連接賓語補足語：

Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.

淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興，也會使人更加活潑。

5．連接表語：

Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbut(also)anactor.

莎士比亞不僅是一位劇作家，而且是一位演員。

6．連接狀語：

ShecanspeakEnglishnotonlycorrectlybutalsoclearly.

她說英語不僅正確無誤，還很清晰。

7.連接定語：

Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.

人類不但征服了天空，而且征服了太空。

It’sdifficulttobeafamousbasketballplayerbecause….

很難成為一個著名的籃球運動員，因為

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基本用法

這句話的句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj+(forsb)todosth.意為“做某事（對某人來說）……”。如：

Itispossibleforhimtowinthegame.

對于他來說贏得比賽是有可能的。

Itisinterestingforthestudentstoorganizetheartfestivalbythemselves.

學生們自己組織藝術(shù)節(jié)對他們來說是很有趣的。Sunglassesareused

protectingeyes.

A.from

B.for

C.to

D.with2.HetookmyEnglish-Chinesedictionary_____mistake.

A.to

B.by

C.about

D.on3.—HaveyouseenthefilmcominghomedirectedbyZhangYimou?—Notyet.I’m______seeingit.It’ssaidthefilmisgreat!lookingdownon B.lookingoutforC.lookingupto D.lookingforwardto4.Theymeteachother___________and___________twomonthslater.

A.byaccident,getmarried

B.byaccident,gotmarried

C.inaccident,wasmarried

D.inanaccident,married

with5.The18thJiangsuProvincialGameswillinSeptember.Manystudentswanttobevolunteers.A.takeplace B.takepartC.takesaction D.takecare基礎(chǔ)演練根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞.TheRussianswerethe________(先驅(qū))ofspacetravel.2.Musiccanoffer________(愉快)tous,somanypeoplelikelisteningtoit.3.Wehavepencilboxesinallkindsof________(款式).4.WhenIcalledMike,hewas________(列出)thethingshewantedtobuy.5.Doyouknowwhentheywillstartthe________(項目)?

6.Idon’tliketoeatorangesbecausetheyaretoos.7.Therearen’tmanycintherestaurantbecauseofthebadweather.8.Therewasonlyoneapple,somumditintotwohalvesandgivethemtous.9.ManyOlympicchampionsareregardedashinourcountry.10.It’shardtobecomeapbasketballplayer.Youhavetoworkhard.鞏固提高二、根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1.茶是偶然被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。Teawasdiscovered___________..2.根據(jù)這篇報道,我們可以了解很多學生沒有充足的睡眠。Wecanknowmanystudentsdon’thaveenoughsleepthereport.3.昨天一個小孩掉進井里被困了兩個小時。Achildthewellandtherefortwohours.4.據(jù)說那位老人是一名著名的科學家。theoldmanisafamousscientist.5.那輛小汽車突然撞上了一棵大樹,幸運的是,司機受傷并不嚴重。Thecarhitabigtree.Luckily,thedriverwasn’thurtbadly.三.選擇方框內(nèi)合適的詞填空。crispy,basket,popularity,salty,enjoyed1.Theofcomputerhasrisenaroundtheworldatthemoment.2.Mygrandmotherusedtotakeatogoshopping,butnowsheusesplasticbags.3.—Whydoyoulikecookies?—Becausetheyare.Ping-pongisbymostChinese,especiallychildrenandstudents.Thedishtastesterriblebecauseit’stoo.一．單項選擇。(

)1.Stampsare__________letters.usedtosending

B.usedtoas

C.usedforsending

D.beenusedtosending(

)2.Itookthewrongtrain____________.Ididn’tevenknowituntilhalfanhourlater.bymistakes

B.bymistake

C.inmistake

D.withmistake(

)3.Edison______thelightbulbandColumbus___________America.discovered,discovered

B.invented,discovered

C.invented,invented

D.discovered,invented(

)4.______iswaitingforyouatthegate.Hewantstosaythankstoyou.Somebody

B.Anybody

C.Everybody

D.Nobody(

)5.TheOlympicgamesof2016will_________inBrazil.betakenplace

B.takeoff

C.takeplace

D.betakenoff(

)9.Sokindofyoutogivemearidetothestation!

__________________.Itdoesn’tmatter

B.Nevermind

C.Don’tmentionit

D.Mypleasure(

)10.Idon’tlikethiskindofpotatochipsbecausetheyarenot_________.crispy

B.sweet

C.soft

D.sour(

)11.Thewaterintheriverhas_________alotbecauseoftheheavyrain.A.risen

B.raised

C.put

D.gone(

)12.Atrafficaccidenthappenedatthestreetcorner.Acar____________amotorbike.A.cameupwith

B.fellinto

C.wentalongwith

D.knockedinto(

)13.__________,youcanworkouttheproblemeasily.

Iunderstand.Thankyou.Ontheway

B.Inthisway

C.Bytheway

D.Inaway二.完形填空。先通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。Theinventionofthecameragoesfarintothepast.Inthe1500s,menwereexperimentingwithcamerasthatmadeimages(圖像).Butitwasnot1theearly1800sthatmanfoundawaytomakethepicturespermanent（永久的).Eventhen,photographywasanewfield.Mostfamilieshadtheirpictures2byphotographers.Peopledidnotowncamerasbecausetakingpicturesanddevelopingthefilms(沖洗膠卷)weretoodifficult.In1884,GeorgeEastmanchangedphotography3inventingakindoffilmthatcouldfitintoasmallcamera.Becausethenewfilmwas4touse,manypeoplebegantobuycameras.Whentheyhad5theirfilms,peoplereturnedtheircamerastothefactory.There,thefilmsweredeveloped,andpictureswere6.Thenmorefilmswereputintothecameras,whichweresentbacktotheowners,alongwiththeirpictures.Today'scamerasare7easiertouse,andpeopledon'tneedfilmsanymore.Photographyhasbecomeagrowinghobby.Therearealsomanynewjobsinthefieldofphotography.Oneofthemostimportantkindsofworkisinnewsreporting.Newspapers,magazines,andtelevisionsallneed8totelltheirstories.Photographershelp9bytakingpicturesthroughmicroscopesandtelescopes.Deep-seadiverstakepicturesofoceanplantsandanimals,whileastronautstaketheircamerasinto10.Manfindsnewusesforthecameraeveryday.l.A.before B.until C.when D.while62.A.taken B.take C.taking D.took3.A.with B.in C.for D.by4.A.easy B.important C.impossible D.hard5.A.usedfor B.usedby C.usedto D.usedup6.A.printed B.taken C.drawn D.bought7.A.more B.very C.quite D.much8.A.robots B.talks C.pictures D.radios9.A.teachers B.scientistsC.workers D.students10.A.earth B.land C.space D.sea__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)選擇合適的句子補全對話。（有兩項多余）M:Doyouknowwhothecompass(指南針)wasinventedby?W:Ofcourse.(1)It’soneofthefourgreatinventionsofancientChina.Theyhavechangedtheworldgreatly.M:(2)Andwhenwasitfirstinvented?W:(3)ButIknowtherewererecordsoftheSouth-pointingFish(指南魚)intheSongDynasty.M:Exactly.Peopleinthe10thcenturybegantousetheSouth-pointingFish.W:(4)M:Itwassimple.Whenthefishwasputintothewater,itsheadwouldpointtothesouth.W:Itwasn’tthefirstrecordedcompass,wasit?M:(5)IntheWarringStatesPeriod(戰(zhàn)國時期),Sinan(司南)waswidelyusedbypeople.W:Sothehistoryofthecompassgoesbacktoover2,000yearsago?M:That’strue.A.No,ofcoursenot.B.HowwasSinaninventedthen?C.Howdiditwork?D.TheSouth-pointingFishwasinventedbyaccident,right?E.Iamnotsure.F.ItwasinventedbytheChinese.G.You’vegotapoint.二．閱讀理解。AThomasEdisonlituptheworldwithhisinventionoftheelectriclight.Withouthim,theworldmightstillbeinthedark.However,theelectriclightwasnothisonlyinvention.Healsoinventedthemotionpicturecameraand1200otherthings.Abouteverytwoweekshecreatedsomethingnew.

ThomasEdisonwasbornin1847.Heattendedschoolforonlythreemonths.Hismothertaughthimathome,butThomaswasmostlyself-educated.Hestartedexperimentingatayoungage.

Whenhewas12yearsold,hegothisfirstjob.Hebecameanewsboyonatrain.Hedidexperimentsonthetraininhissparetime.Unluckily,hisfirstworkexperiencedidnotendwell.Theyfiredhimwhenheaccidentallysetfiretothefloorofthetrain.ThenEdisonworkedforfiveyearsasatelegraphoperator,buthecontinuedtospendmuchofhistimeinexperimentinghisfirstpatent(專利權(quán))in1868foravoterecorderrunbyelectricity.

ThomasEdisonwastotallydeafinoneearandhardofhearingintheother,buthethoughtofhisdeafnessasablessinginmanyways.Itkeptconversationsshort,sothathecouldhavemoretimeforwork.Healwaysworked16outofevery24hours.

Sometimeshiswifehadtoremindhimtosleepandeat.

ThomasEdisondiedattheageof84.Heleftagreatmanyinventionsthatgreatlyimprovedthequalityoflifeallovertheworld.(

)1.HowoftendidEdisonmakeanewinvention?A.Abouteveryfourteendays

B.Abouteverysevendays

C.Aboutonceaweek

D.Abouttwiceaweek(

)2.Theunderlinedword“fired”inthepassagemeans“__________”Gavesomebodyajob

B.Setfiretosomebody

C.Letsomebodydown

D.Forcedsomebodytoleavehisjob(

)3.Edisonconsideredhisdeafnessas______A.somethingbad

B.agiftfromgod

C.akindofability

D.adisadvantage(

)4.WhichofthefollowingsentenceisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Edisonhadonly8hoursresteachdayafterhisdeafnessB.Edisongothiseducationmostlybyself-teachingC.Edisonhadhisfirstjobin1869D.Edison’sinventionsgreatlyimprovedthequalityofpeople’slife(

)5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?Thefunctionoftheelectriclight

B.EdisonandhisexperimentsC.Theimportanceofinventions

D.ThewholelifeofEdison.BTheInternetjoinsmillionsofcomputersallovertheworld,andtodayitisusedbypeopleallovertheworld.Itwasinventedinthe1960sintheUSA.TheAmericangovernmentneededanetworkofcomputersforitsarmy.Theninthe1970sscientistsandbusinesspeoplealsowantedtousetheInternettosendandreceivemessages.Forsomeyears,theyweren'tallowedtousetheUSnetwork,andwhentheywereallowedto,themessageswereinverysimpletextwithoutphotos.TheWorldWideWebwasinventedbyaBritishscientistnamedTimBerners-Leein1989.Hewantedtosenddocumentstootherscientists,sohedevelopedtheWorldWideWeb.Thisallowedhimtosendandreceivescientificdocumentswithtext,drawingsandphotos(alsocalledmultimediadocuments).Inthe1990s,moreandmorepeoplebegantousetheInternetandtheWorldWideWeb.Sowhat'sthedifferencebetweentheInternetandtheWorldWideWeb?TheInternetisthehardware.Itallowsustocommunicatewithotherpeople.TheWorldWideWebisthesoftware.Itallowsustocreate,seeandreadmultimediadocuments.TheWebismadeupofmillionsofdocumentscalledWebpages.Thesepagesareheldincomputersallovertheworld.ManypeoplehaveafavoritewebsitewithanumberofWebpagesonthesamesubject.Theemailisawayofusingyourcomputertosendandreceivemessages.It'scheaperandquickertouseemailsthansendnormalmails.Newuserscallthenormalmail"snailmail"becauseit'stooslow.Ittook50yearsfor100millionpeopletolistentotheradio.Ittook15yearsforl00millionpeopletowatchtelevision.Bytheyear2000,ithadtakenonlyaboutthreeyearsfor100millionpeopletousetheInternet.WhatwillhappennextontheInternet?l.TheInternetwasfirstinventedfor_________.A.scientificwork B.AmericanarmyC.businesspeople D.Americangovernment2.TheWorldWideWebwasinventedto_________.A.communicatewithothersB.create,seeandreaddocumentsC.sendandreceivescientificdocumentsD.sendandreceivesimpletextwithoutphotos3.TheInternetandtheWorldWideWebbegantobewidelyused_________.A.inthe1970s B.inthe1990sC.inthelateof1980s D.bytheyear20004.Thewriterwrotethelastparagraphtoshowthat_________.A.theInternethasagreaterinfluencethanradioandTVB.radioandTVwillbereplacedbycomputersC.theuseoftheInternetspreadsveryquicklyD.peoplespendmuchmoretimeontheInternet5.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe"_________".A.TheEffectoftheGreatestInventionB.TheDevelopmentoftheInternetC.TheMovementofNewTechnologyD.TheHistoryoftheWorldWideWeb(2014年人教版初三期中測試題）CThedesigneroftheAppleComputer,StevenJobs,wasnotquitesuccessfulinhisearlyyears.Hewasnotamongthebeststudentsatschool,