11選擇性高考題型綜合訓(xùn)練（人教版2019）

11選擇性必修第三冊高考題型綜合訓(xùn)練一、閱讀理解（一）WorldOceanDay2023Ouroceancovers70%oftheplanetandsupportslifebutisbeingthreatened.SowecelebrateWorldOceanDaytotakeaction.Peopleneedtoknowtheimportanceofit.Thisyear,WorldOceanDayiscelebratedon8June.Andeveryoneisweletojoinus,theMarineStewardshipCouncil(MSC),aninternationalnonprofitorganizationonatasktoendoverfishing.●WorldOceanDayactivities:LearnabouttheoceanInAustralia,ourSaltwaterSchool’seducationprogramfeaturesoceanthemededucationresourcesrelevanttotheAustraliancurriculum(課程)suitableforStages3～5.AndinNewZealand,ourTeKawaOTangaroaoceancenteredlearningprogramfocusesonsolutionstooverfishingandhowwecanensureoceansarefilledwithlife.Exploresustainable(可持續(xù)的)fisheriesExperienceoursustainablefisherystoriesaboutreallifepeoplewhoselivelihoodsdependonfishingandhearfromwarmheartedpeopletakingcareofourocean.StayinformedandinspiredFollowtheMSConFacebook,InstagramorTwitter,andwe’llkeepyouuptodateonthelatestoceannews,stories,reportsandmore.Andyoucanalsosignupforoneofourregularnewsletters.Dependingonyourinterests,there’salottochoosefrom.●OurContactInformation:Ifyou’dliketoknowmoreinformation,pleasesendyouremailtoorcall61295276883betweenthehoursof9:00amto5:00pmMon～Fri.1．WhyistheWorldOceanDaycelebrated?A．Togivesupporttothelifeofthefishermen.B．Totellthetaskofaninternationalorganization.C．Toraisepeople’sawarenessofprotectingthesea.D．Totakeactiontocallforanendtofishing.2．Howcanyoubenefitfromtheactivities?A．Learnmoreaboutsustainablefisheries. B．BeeanimportantmemberofMSC．C．Developyourinterestinwritingstories. D．Teachstudentsaboutthelearningprogram.3．WhencanyoumakeacalltoMSC?A．At8:30am,Monday. B．At10:00am,Friday.C．At3:30pm,Sunday. D．At9:00am,Saturday.【答案】1．C2．A3．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是關(guān)于2023年世界海洋日的介紹和宣傳活動。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ouroceancovers70%oftheplanetandsupportslifebutisbeingthreatened.SowecelebrateWorldOceanDaytotakeaction.Peopleneedtoknowtheimportanceofit.(我們的海洋覆蓋了地球的70%，支撐著生命，但正在受到威脅。因此，我們慶祝世界海洋日，采取行動。人們需要知道它的重要性。)”可知，慶祝世界海洋日是為了喚醒人們保護(hù)海洋的意識。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Exploresustainable(可持續(xù)的)fisheries部分的“Experienceoursustainablefisherystoriesaboutreallifepeoplewhoselivelihoodsdependonfishingandhearfromwarmheartedpeopletakingcareofourocean.(體驗(yàn)我們的可持續(xù)漁業(yè)故事，了解以漁業(yè)為生的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的人們，聆聽熱心人士照顧我們的海洋。)”可知，從這些活動中，你可以更多地了解到可持續(xù)發(fā)展?jié)O業(yè)。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OurContactInformation部分的“betweenthehoursof9:00amto5:00pmMon～Fri.(星期一至五上午九時至下午五時。)”可知，你可以在周五上午10點(diǎn)鐘給MSC打。故選B。（二）WatfordandherfamilyhavelivedinCurtisBay,Baltimoreforgenerations.Hermunityhasfacedenvironmentalcrisis.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveintohermunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation’slargesttrashburningincinerator(焚化爐)lessthanamileawayfromherhighschool,sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean,renewableenergyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceofbraindamagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontonsofgreenhousegasesperyear,bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhermunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.ShecofoundedFreeYourVoice(FYV),a10personstudentorganizationdevotedtomunityrightsandenvironmentalprotection.Together,theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers,theincinerator’sdeveloper.Theywentdoortodoortalkingtoneighborsandorganizingprotests.WhenitwasdiscoveredthatBaltimoreCityPublicSchools(BCPS)wasgoingtobeacustomerofEnergyAnswers,theorganizationfoughtwiththeboardandpresentedtheircase,urgingBCPStowithdrawfromtheproject.BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract,whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutanyfinancialgain,EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.WatfordcontinuestoworkwithCurtisBayresidentstowardsahospitablelivingenvironment.Theyhaveavisionforthefuturewhichincludesbuildingazerowastemovement,asolarfarm,andgreenjobs.Shewantstheentirehumanfamilytojointhefightforapollutionfreeenvironmentbecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourjointeffortstotakeaction.4．WhatcausedrespiratoryproblemsinWatford’smunity?A．Poormedicalcare. B．Terribleenvironmentalconditions.C．Constantbacterialinfection. D．Unbalanceddistributionofresources.5．WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2?A．Watfordwantednothingmorethanthecarryingoutoftheplan.B．Theincineratorwaslocatedinaremoteareafarfromresidentialareas.C．Theincineratorwasmisjudgedasasourceofpollution.D．Watfordwasunwillingtoescapetheresponsibilitytoresisttheplan.6．Whatwastheresultoftheircampaign?A．BCPSlostfinancialsupport. B．EnergyAnswersdiscontinueditsplan.C．Theinvestorsfoundnewmarket. D．Manycustomersrevisedtheircontracts.7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AteenageheroagainsturbanpollutionB．AteenageherofightingforanadvancedcityC．AbattleforBaltimore’sskybyateenageheroD．Abattleforallhumanlivingconditionsbyateenagehero【答案】4．B5．D6．B7．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述惡劣的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致Watford所在社區(qū)出現(xiàn)健康問題，Watford和另外9個學(xué)生成立FreeYourVoice組織，發(fā)起反對建立垃圾焚化爐的運(yùn)動，最終迫使該項(xiàng)目被叫停。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Hermunityhasfacedenvironmentalcrisis.Heavyindustriescontinuedtomoveintohermunity.Asaresult,herneighborshavehadtolivewithseriousrespiratory(呼吸的)problems.(她的社區(qū)面臨著環(huán)境的不公正。重工業(yè)繼續(xù)往她的社區(qū)遷移。結(jié)果，她的鄰居不得不忍受嚴(yán)重的呼吸問題)”可知，惡劣的環(huán)境條件導(dǎo)致Watford社區(qū)出現(xiàn)呼吸問題。故選B項(xiàng)。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whensheknewaplantobuildthenation’slargesttrashburningincinerator(焚化爐)lessthanamileawayfromherhighschool,sherealizedshehadtotakeaction.Theincineratorwasbeingsoldwronglyasclean.renewableenergyequipmentbutactuallyitwouldbeasourceofbraindamagingchemicalsandwouldrelease200milliontonsofgreenhousegasesperyear,bothworsethancoalburning.Watfordfeltshehadaresponsibilitytowarnhermunitytoworktogethertoshutthisplantdown.(當(dāng)她知道在離高中不到一英里的地方建造全國最大的垃圾焚燒爐的計(jì)劃時，她意識到自己必須采取行動。焚燒爐被錯誤地作為清潔可再生能源設(shè)備出售，但實(shí)際上它將是破壞大腦的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的來源，每年將釋放2億噸溫室氣體，這兩種氣體都比燃煤更嚴(yán)重。Watford覺得她有責(zé)任警告她的社區(qū)共同努力關(guān)閉這家工廠。)”可知，Watford不愿逃避抵制該計(jì)劃的責(zé)任。故選D項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“BCPSwasconvincedtocanceltheircontract,whichinturninspired22othercustomerstodothesame.Withoutanyfinancialgain,EnergyAnswershadnomarkettomoveforwardwithitsplan.(BCPS被說服取消了合同，這反過來又激勵了其他22家客戶也這樣做。沒有任何經(jīng)濟(jì)收益，EnergyAnswers就沒有市場來推進(jìn)其計(jì)劃)”可知，Watford發(fā)起的運(yùn)動結(jié)果是迫使開發(fā)商EnergyAnswers停止了其計(jì)劃。故選B項(xiàng)。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第三段中“Together,theydecidedtostartacampaigntotakedownEnergyAnswers,theincinerator’sdeveloper.(他們一起決定發(fā)起一場運(yùn)動，打倒垃圾焚燒爐的開發(fā)商EnergyAnswers)”和最后一段中“Shewantstheentirehumanfamilytojointhefightforapollutionfreeenvironmentbecausesurvivalasaspeciesdependsonourjointeffortstotakeaction.(她希望整個人類大家庭都加入到環(huán)境正義的斗爭中來，因?yàn)樽鳛橐粋€物種的生存取決于我們采取行動的努力)”可知，文章主要講述惡劣的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致Watford所在社區(qū)出現(xiàn)健康問題，Watford和另外9個學(xué)生成立FreeYourVoice組織，發(fā)起反對建立垃圾焚化爐的運(yùn)動，最終迫使該項(xiàng)目被叫停，C項(xiàng)AbattleforBaltimore’sskybyateenagehero(少年英雄為巴爾的摩的天空而戰(zhàn))為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。（三）TheLastGenerationisanactivistgroupinGermany,thenameimplyingthatourunsustainabilitywillpushustoextinction.Toforcetheirgovernmentintoaction,someofthegroupwentonamonthlonghungerstrikeinAugust2021.Itwasn’tahalfheartedeffort:severalendedupinhospital.ButI’dliketotaketheoppositeframing.Ithinkwehavetheopportunitytobethefirstgenerationthatleavestheenvironmentinabetterstate.Therearetwokindsofoptimism:placentoptimismandconditionaloptimism.placentoptimismisthefeelingofachildwaitingforpresents.Conditionaloptimismisthefeelingofachildwhoisthinkingaboutbuildingatreehouse,“IfIgetsomewoodandnailsandpersuadesomeotherkidstohelpdothework,wecanendupwithsomethingreallycool.”Thegroupactuallydidtakeboldaction,yetIwanttoaddresstheclimatecrisisfromadifferentangle.Yes,myframingseemshardtobelieve.I’llexplainwhy.HereI’musingtheterm“generation”loosely.Iamfromagenerationthatwillbedefinedbyourenvironmentalproblems.Iwasachildwhenclimatechangereallybegan.Iwillseecountriesmovefrombeingalmostentirelydependentonfossilfuelstobeingfreeofthem.Iwillbe57whengovernmentshitthe“2050deadline”ofreachingnetzerocarbonemissionsthatsomanyhavepromised.But,ofcourse,therewillbeseveralgenerationsinvolvedinthisproject.Thereareacoupleabovemeandacouplebelowme.Andweallneedtoworktogethertoachievethat.Foraconditionaloptimist,criticismisessential.Weneedtoworkthroughideastofindthemostpromisingones.Mostinnovatorshavebeenoptimists.Buttheywerealsostronglycritical:noonewouldpickaparttheideasofThomasEdisonorMarieCuriemorethantheydidthemselves.Don’tlookawayfromtheclimatecrisisthatfacesus.Let’sfaceuptoit,notfromaplaceof“damagecontrol”butwithaclearvisionofthefuturewecanbuild:onethatnotonlystopswarminginitstracksbutbuildsabetterworldforus,allofus,andthespecieshatwesharetheplanetwith.8．WhyisTheLastGenerationintroduced?A．Toblamethemfortheiraction. B．ToremindGermanyofitsduties.C．Todiscusstheauthor’sperspective. D．Todemandurgentactionfromeveryone.9．Whatisthecoreofplacentoptimism?A．Beliefinkindness. B．Passiveexpectation.C．Briefsatisfaction. D．Loveofpresents.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pickapart”inparagraph6mean?A．Turnto. B．Identifywith. C．Findfaultwith. D．Makeanassessmentof.11．Whatdoestheauthorintendthereaderstodo?A．Envisionandengage. B．Adaptandadvance.C．InspireandInnovate. D．Exploreandexpand.【答案】8．C9．B10．C11．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是作者呼吁幾代人共同努力去阻止氣候變暖的趨勢，而且為我們、我們所有人以及與我們共享這個星球的物種建立一個更美好的世界。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“TheLastGenerationisanactivistgroupinGermany,thenameimplyingthatourunsustainabilitywillpushustoextinction.Toforcetheirgovernmentintoaction,someofthegroupwentonamonthlonghungerstrikeinAugust2021.(“最后一代”是德國的一個激進(jìn)組織，這個名字暗示著我們的不可持續(xù)性將把我們推向滅絕。為了迫使政府采取行動，該組織的一些人在2021年8月進(jìn)行了為期一個月的絕食抗議)”可知，此處介紹的是“最后一代”應(yīng)自己的激進(jìn)行動，迫使政府采取行動解決氣候變暖的問題，結(jié)合第二段中的“ButI’dliketotaketheoppositeframing.(但我想采取相反的框架)”可知，作者想要采取相反的框架解決問題，由此可知，作者提到“最后一代”是為了討論作者的觀點(diǎn)和看法。故選C項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“placentoptimismisthefeelingofachildwaitingforpresents.(自滿的樂觀是孩子等待禮物的感覺)”可知，自滿的樂觀是孩子等待禮物的感覺，由此可知，自滿的樂觀應(yīng)該是一種被動的期待。故選B項(xiàng)。10．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語前的“Mostinnovatorshavebeenoptimists.Buttheywerealsostronglycritical(大多數(shù)創(chuàng)新者都是樂觀主義者。但他們也非常挑剔)”可知，作者認(rèn)為創(chuàng)新者都是樂觀主義者，但也非常的挑剔，結(jié)合劃線短語所在的句子“noonewould…theideasofThomasEdisonorMarieCuriemorethantheydidthemselves.(沒有人會比他們自己更……托馬斯·愛迪生或瑪麗·居里的思想)”可知，此處指的是這些創(chuàng)新者因該是非常挑剔托馬斯·愛迪生或瑪麗·居里的思想，所以畫線短語的意思與“挑剔”意義相近。故選C項(xiàng)。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Let’sfaceuptoit,notfromaplaceof“damagecontrol”butwithaclearvisionofthefuturewecanbuild:onethatnotonlystopswarminginitstracksbutbuildsabetterworldforus,allofus,andthespecieshatwesharetheplanetwith.(讓我們正視這個問題，不是站在“損害控制”的立場上，而是對我們可以建設(shè)的未來有一個清晰的愿景：一個不僅可以阻止變暖的趨勢，而且可以為我們、我們所有人以及與我們共享這個星球的物種建立一個更美好的世界)”可知，作者呼吁大家正是這個問題，對我們可以建設(shè)的未來有一個清晰的愿景，由此可知，作者希望讀者能夠設(shè)想并參與其中。故選A項(xiàng)。（四）Lotsofkidslovevideogames,InfacttheylikethemsomuchthattheymighthearsomethinglikethisfromMomorDad.“Enough!Findsomethingelsetodo!”Itcanbegoodadvice.Why?Toomuchofanythingisjusttoomuch.It’struethatsomestudieshaveshowncertainvideogamescanimprovehandeyecoordination,problemsolvingskills,andthemind’sabilitytoprocessinformation.Butplayingtoomuchvideogamesmayleadtohealthproblems.It’shardtogetenoughactiveplayandexerciseifyou’realwaysinsideplayingvideogames.Andwithoutenoughexercise,kidscanbeeoverweight.Reallyoverdoingvideogamesalsocouldaffectotherimportantthings,likefriendshipsandhowwellakiddoesinschool,Andkidswhoplayviolent(暴力的)videogamesmightactmoreaggressively.Buthere’sthegoodnews;PlayingvideogamessomeofthetimecanbeOK.Justchoosequalitygamesandlimit(限制)screentime—whichincludesTV,puter,smartphone,tablet,andvideogametimebinedtonomorethantwohoursaday.Agoodgamewillbetherightoneforhowoldyouare.GamesareratedlikemoviesandyourmomordadcanhelpfindoutwhichonesyoushoulduseIfyoucanchooseonethatgetsyouupandmoving.that’sevenbetter.12．Accordingtothesecondparagraph,playingvideogamescanimproveusinways.A．two B．threeC．four D．five13．Playingtoomuchvideogamescanmakeyou_________.A．a(chǎn)ctive B．cleverC．thin D．fat14．Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus_________.A．playingvideogamescanmakeussmartB．it’sbadtoplayvideogamestoomuchC．playingvideogamescancausetroubleD．it’sgoodtoplayvideogames,withfriends15．Howlongdoesthewriteradvisekidstoplayvideogamesaday?A．Atmostthreehours. B．Atleast90minutes.C．Atmosttwohours D．Atleastanhour.16．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．AreVideoGamesBad?B．HowLongCanYouPlayVideoGames?C．CanYouChooseRightVideoGames?D．WhatVideoGamesCanYouPlay?【答案】12．B13．D14．B15．C16．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了玩電子游戲的益處、過度玩電子游戲的害處以及作者給出的一些建議。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It’struethatsomestudieshaveshowncertainvideogamescanimprovehandeyecoordination,problemsolvingskills,andthemind’sabilitytoprocessinformation.(的確，一些研究表明，某些電子游戲可以提高手眼協(xié)調(diào)能力、解決問題的能力和大腦處理信息的能力。)”可知，玩電子游戲可以提高手眼協(xié)調(diào)能力、解決問題的能力和大腦處理信息的能力，也就是在三個方面對我們有所提高，故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“It’shardtogetenoughactiveplayandexerciseifyou’realwaysinsideplayingvideogames.Andwithoutenoughexercise,kidscanbeeoverweight.(如果你總是在室內(nèi)玩電子游戲，就很難得到足夠的積極玩耍和鍛煉。如果沒有足夠的鍛煉，孩子們會變得超重。)”可知，玩太多游戲會讓你變胖，故選D。14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Reallyoverdoingvideogamesalsocouldaffectotherimportantthings,likefriendshipsandhowwellakiddoesinschool,Andkidswhoplayviolent(暴力的)videogamesmightactmoreaggressively.(過度玩電子游戲也會影響其他重要的事情，比如友誼和孩子在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)，玩暴力電子游戲的孩子可能會表現(xiàn)得更有攻擊性。)”可知，本段主要講玩太多電子游戲是有害的，故選B。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Justchoosequalitygamesandlimit(限制)screentimewhichincludesTV,puter,smartphone,tablet,andvideogametimebinedtonomorethantwohoursaday.(選擇高質(zhì)量的游戲，限制屏幕時間——包括電視、電腦、智能、平板電腦和電子游戲的時間總和，每天不超過兩個小時。)”可知，作者建議一天最多玩2個小時的電子游戲，故選C。16．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第二段“Itcanbegoodadvice.Why?Toomuchofanythingisjusttoomuch.It’struethatsomestudieshaveshowncertainvideogamescanimprovehandeyecoordination,problemsolvingskills,andthemind’sabilitytoprocessinformation.Butplayingtoomuchvideogamesmayleadtohealthproblems.(這可能是很好的建議。為什么？任何東西太多也是過猶不及。的確，一些研究表明，某些電子游戲可以提高手眼協(xié)調(diào)能力、解決問題的能力和大腦處理信息的能力。但是玩太多的電子游戲可能會導(dǎo)致健康問題。)”可知，文章介紹了玩電子游戲的益處、過度玩電子游戲的害處以及作者給出的一些建議。A選項(xiàng)“電子游戲好不好”符合本文題旨，適合作為標(biāo)題，故選A。二、七選五（一）Keepingcleanisanimportantpartofahealthylifestyle.17Youshouldkeepyourselfcleanaswellasyourlivingarea,suchasyourhomeorapartment.Youshouldalsokeepcleanwhenyouareatworkorwhenyouaretraveling.18Herearesometipstohelpyou.19Cleaningyourbodyoftenisanimportantpartofhealthyhabits.Youshouldtrytoshoweronceortwiceaweek,asshoweringonceadaycandryoutyourskin.Youshouldalsoshowerafteraworkout(鍛煉)orafterspendingahotdayoutside.Keepyourmouthclean.Tokeepyourmouthclean,youshouldbrushyourteethtwiceaday.20Besides,youshouldgetinthehabitofgargling(漱口)aftermeals.Washyourhands.21First,wetyourhands,turnoffthewaterandkeepthesoaponyourhandsforatleast20seconds.Thenwashyourhandsundercleanrunningwater.Finally,drythem.A．Showeroften.B．Washingyourhairoftencanhelpyoukeepclean.C．Keepingcleanhelpstopreventillnesses.D．Washingyourhandsoftenwillkeepyouhealthyandclean.E．Brushingyourteethhelpstoavoiddental(牙齒的)healthproblems.F．Cleanyourfacewithyourowntowel.G．Howdoyoukeepyourselfclean?【答案】17．C18．G19．A20．E21．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。這篇文章講述了保持清潔作為一種健康生活方式的重要性。從沐浴，口腔衛(wèi)生，洗手等日常習(xí)慣入手，具體闡述了保持衛(wèi)生我們應(yīng)該怎么做，有什么好處，也啟示我們每位同學(xué)都要養(yǎng)成講衛(wèi)生的好習(xí)慣。17．根據(jù)上文“Keepingcleanisanimportantpartofahealthylifestyle.(保持清潔是健康生活方式的重要組成部分)”以及后文“Youshouldkeepyourselfcleanaswellasyourlivingarea,suchasyourhomeorapartment.Youshouldalsokeepcleanwhenyouareatworkorwhenyouaretraveling.(你應(yīng)該保持自己和你的生活區(qū)域的清潔，比如你的家或公寓。當(dāng)你在工作或旅行時，你也應(yīng)該保持清潔)”可知，本句主要說明保持清潔的重要性。故C選項(xiàng)“保持清潔有助于預(yù)防疾病”符合語境，故選C。18．根據(jù)上文“Youshouldkeepyourselfcleanaswellasyourlivingarea,suchasyourhomeorapartment.Youshouldalsokeepcleanwhenyouareatworkorwhenyouaretraveling.(你應(yīng)該保持自己和你的生活區(qū)域的清潔，比如你的家或公寓。當(dāng)你在工作或旅行時，你也應(yīng)該保持清潔)”以及后文“Herearesometipstohelpyou.(這里有一些建議可以幫助你)”可知，本句主要針對如何保持清潔進(jìn)行設(shè)問，引出后文的建議。故G選項(xiàng)“你是怎樣保持身體清潔的？”符合語境，故選G。19．根據(jù)后文“Cleaningyourbodyoftenisanimportantpartofhealthyhabits.Youshouldtrytoshoweronceortwiceaweek,asshoweringonceadaycandryoutyourskin.Youshouldalsoshowerafteraworkout(鍛煉)orafterspendingahotdayoutside.(經(jīng)常清潔身體是健康習(xí)慣的重要組成部分。你應(yīng)該試著一周洗一到兩次澡，因?yàn)橐惶煜匆淮螘鼓愕钠つw干燥。你也應(yīng)該在鍛煉后洗澡或在戶外度過炎熱的一天后)”可知，本段的主旨是多洗澡，保持身體清潔。故A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常洗澡”符合語境，故選A。20．根據(jù)后文“Besides,youshouldgetinthehabitofgargling(漱口)aftermeals.(此外，你應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成飯后漱口的習(xí)慣)”可知，后面談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容應(yīng)該與brushteeth刷牙有關(guān)，故E選項(xiàng)“刷牙有助于避免牙齒健康問題”符合語境，故選E。21．根據(jù)上文“Washyourhands.(洗手)”以及后文“First,wetyourhands,turnoffthewaterandkeepthesoaponyourhandsforatleast20seconds.Thenwashyourhandsundercleanrunningwater.Finally,drythem.(首先，弄濕你的手，關(guān)掉水，讓肥皂在你的手上保持至少20秒。然后在干凈的自來水下洗手。最后，晾干)”可知，本句承接上文，說明洗手的作用。故D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常洗手會讓你保持健康和清潔”符合語境，故選D。（二）HowtoMakeExerciseaHabitThenewyearisatimewhenitseemslikeeveryonemakesgoalstoworkoutandgetfit.ButbythethirdweekofJanuary,thatallseemstogooutthewindow.I’veseenthishappenalmosteveryyear:myworkoutclassesarepackedwithfreshfaces.22SoIwillsharesometipsonhowtomakeexerciseahabit,helpingyoustayhealthierinthelongrun.FocusontheroutineandnottheresultsThesedaysitfeelslikeeveryoneislookingforaquickfixorfastresults,particularlywhenitestohealthandfitness.23Focusoncreatingandenjoyingthehabit.Tryschedulingyourworksalongsideoneoftheotherroutinesyoualreadyhaveinplace.24Everyoneseemstowanttosetbiggoalsofworkingout4timesaweekwith60minutesessions.Butrealistically,ifyou’renotusedtothis,itwilljustbeoverwhelmingandleadyoutoquit.Giventhis,doingworkoutsevenassmallas510minutesisagoodplacetostart.Forgetthe“allornothing”viewWhenitestoexercise,theallornothingapproachdoesnotserveyou.Sayyouplanaworkoutfortoday,butsaythingsgetcrazyatworkandyoumissyourscheduledtime.Wellthatdoesn’tmeanyou’vefailed.25Evenifyoumissyourworkout,thatdoesn’tmeanyou’vegivenup.Justrememberyourresultsarefromyoureveryeffort,notmatterhowsmall.Findjoyinyourworkouts26Don’tletyourselfbeboxedintoacertaintypeofworkoutjustbecauseit’strendyoreveryoneisdoingthem.Aworkoutthatsuitsyouwillpromoteyourdriveandenjoyment.A．Lifehappenssometimes.B．StartwithminiworkoutsC．BuildyourselfworkouttimezoneD．Butinreality,ittakestimeforresultstoshow.E．Exploreuntilyoufindaworkoutthatfeelslikefun.F．Thereissomethingmagicalthatmakesyourplanwork.G．Butafterjustafewweeks,theyreturntotheregularnumberofpeople.【答案】22．G23．D24．B25．A26．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何養(yǎng)成運(yùn)動習(xí)慣提出建議。22．前文“Thenewyearisatimewhenitseemslikeeveryonemakesgoalstoworkoutandgetfit.ButbythethirdweekofJanuary,thatallseemstogooutthewindow.(在新的一年里，似乎每個人都制定了鍛煉和健身的目標(biāo)。但到了1月的第三周，這一切似乎都煙消云散了。)”提出人們很快就會忘記自己的鍛煉和健身目標(biāo)這一社會現(xiàn)象，作者在上文“I’veseenthishappenalmosteveryyear:myworkoutclassesarepackedwithfreshfaces.(我?guī)缀趺磕甓伎吹竭@種情況發(fā)生：我的健身課上擠滿了新面孔……)”中用自己的親眼目睹的情況來印證這一事實(shí)，G項(xiàng)“Butafterjustafewweeks,theyreturntotheregularnumberofpeople.(但僅僅幾周后，人數(shù)就會恢復(fù)到正常水平。)”承接上文，說明新年開始確實(shí)會有很多新人參加鍛煉，但他們很快又會消失，與前文語意一致。故選G項(xiàng)。23．上文“Thesedaysitfeelslikeeveryoneislookingforaquickfixorfastresults,particularlywhenitestohealthandfitness.(如今，感覺每個人都在尋找快速解決或快速的結(jié)果，特別是在健康和健身方面。)”提出人們都想找到捷徑，對于健康和健身也是如此，D項(xiàng)“Butinreality,ittakestimeforresultstoshow.(但在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，結(jié)果需要時間才能顯現(xiàn)。)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出這一想法的不切實(shí)際，因?yàn)榻Y(jié)果需要時間，照應(yīng)小標(biāo)題“關(guān)注過程，而不是結(jié)果”。故選D項(xiàng)。24．設(shè)空句是段首小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Everyoneseemstowanttosetbiggoalsofworkingout4timesaweekwith60minutesessions.Butrealistically,ifyou’renotusedtothis,itwilljustbeoverwhelmingandleadyoutoquit.Giventhis,doingworkoutsevenassmallas510minutesisagoodplacetostart.(每個人似乎都想設(shè)定一個大目標(biāo)，每周鍛煉4次，每次60分鐘。但實(shí)際上，如果你不習(xí)慣這樣做，它只會讓你難以承受，最終導(dǎo)致你放棄?？紤]到這一點(diǎn)，即使是510分鐘的小鍛煉也是一個很好的開始。)”可知，本段建議從小鍛煉開始，B項(xiàng)“Startwithminiworkouts(從小型鍛煉開始)”是本段內(nèi)容的最佳概括。故選B項(xiàng)。25．上文“Sayyouplanaworkoutfortoday,butsaythingsgetcrazyatworkandyoumissyourscheduledtime.Wellthatdoesn’tmeanyou’vefailed.(比如說你計(jì)劃今天鍛煉，但是工作上的事情變得很瘋狂，你錯過了預(yù)定的時間。這并不意味著你失敗了。)”講我們可能因?yàn)楣ぷ鞫e過鍛煉，但這并不意味著失敗。A項(xiàng)“Lifehappenssometimes.(生活中總會發(fā)生意外。)”和下文“Evenifyoumissyourworkout,thatdoesn’tmeanyou’vegivenup.(即使你錯過了鍛煉，也不意味著你已經(jīng)放棄了。)”重復(fù)了上文文意，強(qiáng)調(diào)不要放棄，上下文語意一致。故選A項(xiàng)。26．根據(jù)下文“Don’tletyourselfbeboxedintoacertaintypeofworkoutjustbecauseit’strendyoreveryoneisdoingthem.Aworkoutthatsuitsyouwillpromoteyourdriveandenjoyment.(不要僅僅因?yàn)榱餍谢蛘呷巳硕荚谧瞿骋环N運(yùn)動，就把自己限定在這種運(yùn)動中。適合你的鍛煉會提升你的動力和樂趣。)”可知，選擇鍛煉形式不能跟風(fēng)，要尋找適合自己并能帶來樂趣的鍛煉方式，這是對E項(xiàng)“Exploreuntilyoufindaworkoutthatfeelslikefun.(不斷探索，直到找到一種你覺得有趣的鍛煉方式。)”觀點(diǎn)的詮釋，上下文語意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。（三）Ifyouaremakingthetimetoexercise,thatisagoodthingindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtofindtimetoworkout.27Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsotherthankeepingfit.Herearethereasons:●Yourproductivitywillimprove.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisinfrontofyoufortheday.28●Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)willgetaheadstart.29Soifyouworkoutinthemornings,youwillgetthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday.●30Studieshavefoundthatpeoplewhowakeupearlyandexercisesleepbetterthanthosewhoexerciseintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soifyouexerciseatnight,itismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleep.●31Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytochoosehealthyfoodthroughouttheday.Whowantstowasteagoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A．Youwillpaymoreattentiontoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepwillimprove.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasontoexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4to10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!【答案】27．G28．E29．F30．B31．A【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，列舉了早起鍛煉對人體的四種好處，號召人們早起鍛煉身體。27．前文“Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtofindtimetoworkout.(在如此忙碌的生活中，很難找到時間鍛煉。)”表示生活忙碌，沒有時間鍛煉，后文“Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsotherthankeepingfit.(除了保持健康之外，早上鍛煉還能帶來額外的好處。)”表明早起鍛煉的好處，G選項(xiàng)“如果你正計(jì)劃定期鍛煉，或者你現(xiàn)在就在鍛煉，那么聽好了?！北硎鞠挛奶岢鲥憻挼慕ㄗh，符合語境。故選G。28．前文“Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisinfrontofyoufortheday.(鍛煉讓你更清醒，準(zhǔn)備好處理一天中擺在你面前的任何事情。)”表明鍛煉讓我們清醒，E選項(xiàng)“你可以在運(yùn)動后保持頭腦清醒4到10個小時。”同樣表明鍛煉會讓人頭腦清醒，符合語境。故選E。29．后文“Soifyouworkoutinthemornings,youwillgetthecalorieburningbenefitsforthewholeday.(所以如果你在早上鍛煉，你會得到一整天卡路里燃燒的好處。)”表明早上鍛煉會燃燒一整天的卡路里，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動之后，你會繼續(xù)燃燒一整天的卡路里?！狈媳径沃髦?，與下文語境一致。故選F。30．空處為本段總起句，后文“Studieshavefoundthatpeoplewhowakeupearlyandexercisesleepbetterthanthosewhoexerciseintheevening.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，早起鍛煉的人比晚上鍛煉的人睡得更好。)”可知，本段描述早起鍛煉能促進(jìn)睡眠質(zhì)量，B選項(xiàng)“你的睡眠質(zhì)量會提高?！狈媳径沃髦?。故選B。31．空處為本段總起句，后文“Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytochoosehealthyfoodthroughouttheday.Whowantstowasteagoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.(如果你在清晨鍛煉，你將更有可能在一天中選擇健康的食物。誰想把一次好的鍛煉浪費(fèi)在吃垃圾食品上？你會想要繼續(xù)關(guān)注積極的選擇。)”可知，本段描述早起鍛煉能更關(guān)注自己的飲食，A選項(xiàng)“你會更注意飲食?！狈媳径沃髦肌Ｓ^察二、三段的第一句可知，此處首句句型應(yīng)一致。故選A。（四）Savingtheenvironmentmightseemlikeatallorder,butlivinganenvironmentallyfriendlylifeisactuallyquiteeasy.Withjustafewsmalllifestylechanges,youcanmakeadifference.32Recycle.Recyclingisasimplestlifestyletolowertheamountofenvironmentalwaste.33Checktheregulationstoensureyouusethemproperly.Forinstance,someplacesmayno:acceptglass,whileothersmightrequireyoutoseparatethedifferentmaterials.Ifyoudisposeofsomethingimproperly,thewholeloadwilllikelyberejectedandendupinalandfill.Buylocallysourcedfoods.34Shippingproductsbytruck,rail,flight,orboatcreatespollutionandgoesagainstanenvironmentallyfriendlylifestyle.Instead,shopatlocalfarmers’marketsandgrocerystoresstockinglocallysourcedproducts.Alternatively,usemunitysupportedservicestogetfreshproduceregularly.Cutbackondriving.Applyingalternateformsoftransportationconsumeslessgasoline.Walkorrideabikewheneverpossible.Ifthatisn’tanoption,considerorganizingcarpoolsorusingpublictransportation.35Also,binemultipletripsintoonetohelpminimizethedistancetraveledandfuelconsumed.36Advocacyallowsmorepeopletocreateapositiveimpact.Spreadthewordaboutenvironmentalconservationbysharingsomeofthelifestylechangesyou’vemadeonsocialmediaandinconversationswithpeoplearound,callingoneverybodytoplayarole.A．Cutbackyourcarbonfootprint.B．Encourageotherstohelpsavetheenvironment.C．Bydoingthis,youhelpreducetrafficjamsandtheoverallamountofgasolineconsumption.D．Everyresidentcangetinvolvedbytakingadvantageofnearbyrecyclingservices.E．Thetopicofpreservingnaturalresourcesentertainseveryone.F．Eatingfresh,localfoodconsumeslessfuelandpackagingmaterials.G．Readonforsomepracticaltipsonhowasingleindividualcanhelpsavetheenvironment.【答案】32．G33．D34．F35．C36．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就個人如何幫助拯救環(huán)境提出了一些建議。32