新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)部分名校2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

高二英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分.滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheCoolestTravelAdventuresOurannualBestoftheWorldlistranksthegreattravelexperiences.Here'sourrankedlistofthetoptravelexperiencesrightnow.GalleryhopinS?oPauloS?oPaulo,Brazil'slargestcityholdsnumerousgalleriesandexhibitions.ThecrowningjewelistheMuseudeArtedeS?oPaulo(MASP),whichisexpandingtoshowcasemoreofits11,000-plusartworks,frompre-Renaissancepaintingstocontemporarysculptures.Breakingthetraditionoftheusualmodelofexhibitingworksonwalls,MASPhangssomepiecesagainstclearpanels,allowingvisitorstoviewtheartfromallangles.RideclassicrailsinScotlandExploringScotland'swild,scenicHighlandsdoesn'thavetomeanroughingit.DepartingEdinburghfromAprilthroughOctober,theelegantRoyalScotsmantrainleadstoHighlandsadventuressuchaswildswimming,hiking,anddelicacytasting.Afteradayspenthikingtowaterfallsorplayingroundsofgolf—asporttiedtothenation,guestscanwinddownwithamassage(按摩)attheonboard.DivewithsharksinWesternAustraliaStretchingalmost700milesalongtheIndianOcean,WesternAustralia'sCoralCoastisdecoratedwithnaturalwonders.ButNingalooReefisthestar.Here,youcandivewithgiants:Some300to500whalesharks,oneofthelargestgroupsonEarth,gatheralongthereef(礁)eachyearbetweenMarchandJuly.Decentagenciessecurediversandensuretheygivethesharksspace,avoidfeedingthemorusingflashphotography.Hikeaglacier(冰川)inChileChilehasthethirdlargestcontinentaliceextension,afteronlyAntarcticaandGreenland.InLagunaSanRafaelNationalPark,visitorscanhiketoglaciers.Some17.300glaciersstillcoverthewholeofPatagonia'sicefields,butrisingtemperaturesarerapidlymeltingthem.Climatescientistssaysustainabletourism,suchashikes,supportslocalcommunitiesandinspirestravelerstolearnmoreabouthowtoprotectglaciers.1.WhatisspecialaboutMASP?A.Ithasthemostexhibitsintheworld. B.Itswayofexhibitionisverydifferent.C.Flashphotographyisforbiddenthere. D.Itsexhibitslastalongerperiodoftime.2.WhatmakestheRoyalScotsmantrainjourneyattractive?A.Aneasyaccesstoaprivategolfcourse. B.Astrictno-massagepolicyattheonboard.C.Acombinationofadventureandrelaxation. D.Aroughandchallengingtravelexperience.3.Whatdothelasttwoadventureshaveincommon?A.Theyarelimitedtoaspecificseason. B.Therearesharkgroupsinbothplaces.C.Theyareconcernedwithclimatechanges. D.Theybringattentiontoecologicalissues.BAdadfromTexasdidn'tmissabeatwhenitcametosupportinghisdaughterrecently.CeceliaSimmonssharedavideoofherhusband,AndreSimmons,dancinginthestandswhiletheirdaughterJazlynandherTempleHighSchoolcheerteamperformed.Inthevideo,asthecheerteammembersraisethesmallballsandgothroughtheirroutine,AndreSimmonsfollowsrightalong,nailingthemovesrightalongsidethem.Thepostsharedonsocialmediahasobtainedover312,000views.Withtensofthousandsofoverwhelminglypositivecommentsonhispost,peopleonlinequicklysharedtheirreactions.TheyrecommendedAndreSimmonsas“CheerDadoftheYear”orapplaudedhisenergyandspot-onmoves.Simmonshimselfwasquicktosayhe'snotthebestdancerandittookhimafewdaystolearntheroutine.“OnceIgotitdownpat,IjustjumpeduptherewhenIheardthebandfinallybringthesongupandIgotupthereanddiditwithher,”hesaid.ButthefatheroffivesaidhepersistedbecausehewantedtocreatealifelongmemorywithhisgirlJazlyn,mostlybecausehewasconstantlyawayforwork,therebyaffordinglimitedopportunitiestobeinthecompanyofher.“Sinceshemadethecheerteam,thatwasmywayofsupportingherandkindofrelievingtheguiltofthelosttime.ShethoughtIwasdoingthingsthatshelovedandsurprisingherwithjoiningherinthecheerduringthefootballgame,”Simmonssaid.SimmonssaidJazlynandhercheerteamfriendsweresurprisedand“absolutelyloved”thathecouldjoininonthefun.Theprouddadsaiditmeant“theworld”tohimtobeabletobethereforhisdaughtertoo.“IlovetotrytobeasuperdadwhenI'mhereandcreatethoselifelongmemoriesandit'ssomethingforustolookbackonandenjoytogether,”hesaidandplannedoncheeringsomemoreandmakingmorememorieswithJazlyn.4.WhatdidAndreSimmonsdoathisdaughter'scheerperformance?A.Hecoachedthecheerteam. B.Hefilmedtheperformance.C.Hedancedwiththeteam. D.Hecheeredfromthestands.5.HowdidpeoplefindAndreSimmons’behavior?A.Amusing. B.Admirable. C.Odd. D.Disturbing.6.WhydidAndreSimmonsmakesuchadecision?A.Towinthetitleof“CheerDadoftheYear”. B.Toshowoffhisnewlylearneddancingskills.C.TobethefocusofattentionontheInternet. D.TomakeupforbeingabsentfromJazlyn'slife.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAndreSimmons?A.Supportiveandcaring. B.Selflessandcooperative.C.Bearableandcautious. D.Ambitiousandsensitive.CInpresent-dayRomania,adecreasingnumberofcraftsmenpracticewhat'sthoughttobeacenturies-oldcraft.Theysearchtheforestforafungus(真菌),whichgrowswithintreesandsendsoutshelf-likemushroomsafewincheswide.Thefungusisshavedlengthwiseintothinstrips.Thosestripsarethenstretchedtoformbroadsheets,whichcanbecraftedintohats,bags,jewelry,andornaments.Asfarbackas1903,TlingitcraftsmeninwhatisnowthestateofAlaskawererecordedcraftingpursesoutofamaterialfromagarikonfungus.However,thecraftsmen'sprocessintheearlytimeswasaboutsearchingformaterials,notcultivatingthemformassproduction.Today,thebiotechnologycompanyMycoWorksintheUSispioneeringincultivatingmycelium(菌絲).Myceliumisastructuralwonder—soft,dense,andstrong,makingitagreatpotentialreplacementforleather.Theoperationstartswithagriculturalwaste,likesawdust(鋸末),whichisheatedtoremoveexistingmicrobiallife.Oncedone,itgoesintodeepplatesofvaryingsizes.Thenfungusjoinstheparty,digestingandgrowing.Insomecases,fabriccanbeaddedforthemyceliumtoweavearound.Thesheetofmyceliumiseventuallypeeledoffthewoodblocks,andgrowthcomestoanend.Itcanbeeasilymistakenfortraditionalleather.MycoWorksisoneofawaveofinnovators,allofwhomassumethatabetterunderstandingofmyceliumcanredefinethelimitsoffashionanddesign.Inrecentyears,MycoWorks'productshavebeenusedindesignerbagsandpillows.CEOMattScullinpraisesmyceliumasamaterialinfashion,“Ithasabitofasofttouch,andithasabounce.Itcanabsorbtheoilsandheatfromyourfingerswhenyoutouchit.”“Theearlyeffortsappeartobemoremoral,andimproveeco-footprint.Productsmadefromsuchmaterialarefullybiodegradable—allowingforafutureinwhichdealingwithanoldpairofshoesmightmeansimplycomposting(堆肥)them,”headded.8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthefirstparagraph?A.Tostressthehistoryofgrowingmushrooms. B.Tointroduceafashioninspiredbymushrooms.C.Toshowancientmushroomgrowingtechniques. D.Topresentthenoveluseofmushroomsinfashion.9.Whatdoesparagraph3focusonaboutmycelium?A.Itshighquality. B.Itsgrowingprocess. C.Itsshortcomings. D.Itsworkinglife.10.WhatdoesMattScullinthinkofmyceliumasamaterialinthefield?A.Itoffersaroughfeel. B.Itisstraightforwardtogrow.C.Itpromotessustainability. D.Itisoil-and-heatresistant.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Mycelium:TheGreenLeatherAlternativeB.FungusCrafts:AnEndangeredHeritageC.CraftingwithNature:Romania'sFungalTraditionD.Mycelium'sRole:FromAncientCrafttoModernInnovationDWhenyouheartheword“uncertainty”,howdoyoufeel?Scared,anxious,excitedorchallenged?Withmanyglobalchallengesstillongoing,wearelikelytofaceevenmoreoftheunknown,sowehadbettergetaccustomedtomanagingit.Sohowdowedetectuncertaintyandwhichpartofthebrainisresponsibleforit?Researchershavefoundthatnoradrenaline(去甲腎上腺素)isthekeychemicalinvolvedinourresponsetouncertainty.Toinvestigatetherolenoradrenalineplayswhenwearefacedwithuncertainevents,scientistsatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyconductedanexperimentwithmice.Theanimalsweretrainedtopushalever(杠桿)downwhentheyheardahighfrequencynoise.Iftheydidthis,theywererewardedwithadrinkofwater.Theywerealsotrainedtolearnthatthey'dreceiveanunpleasantpuffofairiftheleverwasactivatedwhenalowfrequencynoisewasplayed.Buttheresearchersaddedinanelementofuncertaintybyincludingasoundwherethefrequencywasunclear.Fromthisexperiment,theresearchersdiscoveredthatasmallpartinthebraincalledthelocuscoeruleus—anareathatmodulatesnoradrenaline—wasessentialindetectinguncertainty.Whenthehighfrequencywasclearandtherewardwasexpectedforthemice,theirnoradrenalinereleasewassmall.Butwhentheoutcomewasn'tclear,andtherewardwasasurprise,thereleasewasmuchlarger.Thiswashowthemice'sbrainslearnedtodealwithuncertainty.Astudywithhumanswasalsocarriedout.Theydiscoveredthatthesubjects'neurons(神經(jīng)元)intheprefrontalcortex(前額葉皮質(zhì))respondmuchmoretolossthantogain.Namely,thisarearulesouravoidancebehaviourwhenweareunderstress.Thishelpsusunderstandourunwillingnesstoexposeourselvestouncertainty.Onceweunderstandthatourcognitiveandemotionalresponsestouncertaintyareanecessarypartofthehumanexperience.Acknowledgeinsteadoffearthem,perhapsmakingbigdecisionscanseemlessstressful.12.Whatistheuncertaintyintheexperimentwithmice?A.Thehighfrequencynoise. B.Adrinkofwaterasareward.C.Thenoisewithunclearfrequency. D.Theactiontopushaleverdown.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modulates”inparagraph4mean?A.Removes. B.Adjusts. C.Lessens. D.Boosts.14.Howdoestheprefrontalcortexinfluenceourchoiceswhenwe'restressed?A.Byseekingrewardingoutcome. B.Bymaintainingbalance.C.Byreducinguncertainty. D.Byavoidingnegativeoutcome.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthetext?A.Responsestouncertaintycomenaturally. B.Uncertaintygivesbirthtopotentialrisks.C.Experimentscanpredictexpectedoutcomes. D.Noradrenalinetendstoresultfromuncertainty.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoImproveYourSocialLife?Beingsocialcanhelpyoubuildmeaningfulconnections,comeoutofyourshell,andfeellessisolated.Ifyouwanttoknowhowtobesocial,seethefollowingstepstobeonyourway.Befullyengaged.Ifyouwanttoseeminterestingtoothers,youwillhavetoshowinterestinthem.Whenyouaretalkingtosomebody,listentowhattheyaresayingratherthanworryingaboutwhatyoushouldbesaying.16Avoidconstantlycheckingyourphoneorlookingaroundwhileyouareinthemiddleofaconversation.Thesetypesofthingscomeacrossasrude.Watchyourgestures.Howyoupositionyourbodysendsamessagetootherpeople.Ifyouwanttobeapproachedbyothers,youshouldavoidstandinginthecorner,crossingyourarms,staringatyourphone,andfrowning.Makingeyecontactwithothersshowsthemthatyouarefriendly,open,andnon-intimidating.17Embraceopportunitiestomeetnewpeople.Thismeansyouwillhavetogetoutofyourcomfortzonetointeractwithothers.18Taketripstonewplacesandstrikeupcasualconversationswiththoseyoumeet.Youneverknowwhenastrangercanturnintoyournewbestfriend,businesspartner,orloveinterest!19Ifyouareconstantlywaitingaroundforpeopletocallyouorinviteyou,thenyouarewastingyourlife.20Ifyouwanttoshowpeoplethatyouvaluetheirfriendships,youwillhavetoreachouttothem.Keepintouchwithfriends,evenifyoudon'tliveinthesametown.Pickupthephoneandcallthem,sendthematext,ore-mailthemaskinghowthey'vebeen.A.Initiateinteractions.B.Fitinwiththeoccasion.C.Acceptinvitationstopartiesandsocialgatherings.D.You'llbemorelikelytostiruppositiveinteractions.E.Plus,everybodylooksmoreattractivewhentheysmile.F.Relationshipsarebuiltuponjointeffortsofbothinvolved.G.Makeeyecontact,nodyourhead,andaskthemfollow-upquestions.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwastoretirethreemonthslater.MywifeSoniaandIhadplannedtogoforathree-weektriptoCanada.Thenoneday,Sonianoticedfluttering(顫動(dòng))inmyshoulders,butIdidn'tgiveitmuch21.Amonthlater,however,myhandsstartedbecoming22.Aroundthattime,IwaswatchingTheSplit.Therewasa23aboutadoctordiagnosed(診斷)withmotorneuronedisease(MND)—arareconditionthataffectsthebrainandnerves,forwhichthereisnocure.Ihad24symptoms(癥狀)anditgotmethinking.ThenImetwitha25andthetestresultstookaweektobe26.ExactlyonthedayafterIretired,IreceivedthediagnosisI'dbeen27—MND.SoniaandIweresupposedtobegoingtotakeourholidayinfivedays!Wewereso28andconsideredquitting,butafriendconvincedus,“Ifyoudon'tgo,you'llregretit.”29,wesetoffontheadventureasscheduled.Fortheinitialdays,weweren'tinthemoodforfun,aswewerestill30bymydiagnosis.Butquicklywerealizedwewouldn'tletMND31oureveryday.Thenwemadea(n)32:Everydaywe'dallowourselvesonly10minutestotalkaboutmyillnessandcryifwewanted.Afterthat,we'dfocusonhavingfun.Thesedays,my33islimited.Inspiteofthecase,we'redelightedtohavegoneonourCanadianadventure,whichwas34withspecialmoments.Wedon'tknowwhatthefutureholds,butthememorywill35.21.A.shot B.thought C.push D.sense22.A.awkward B.flexible C.frozen D.artificial23.A.view B.title C.plot D.faith24.A.severe B.former C.rare D.similar25.A.dentist B.consultant C.psychologist D.composer26.A.available B.correct C.shocking D.approving27.A.expecting B.refreshing C.fearing D.fighting28.A.decent B.expert C.regretful D.emotional29.A.Luckily B.Ultimately C.Annually D.Previously30.A.inspired B.warned C.upset D.delayed31.A.takeover B.reflecton C.makeup D.figureout32.A.fortune B.difference C.error D.rule33.A.budget B.mobility C.nutrition D.freedom34.A.packed B.engaged C.armed D.charged35.A.recover B.fade C.remain D.repeat第二節(jié)(共10小題,每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Mamianqunorthehorse-facedskirtoriginatedfromtheSongDynasty,butitgainedpopularityamongwomenduringlaterMingandQingdynasties.36trulysetsMamianqunapartistheintricatepleats(褶)thatarebothabundantanddistinctive.Thepleatsarenotonlydecorative,theyallowfor37(free)ofmovement.NowdesignersdrawtheirinspirationfromtraditionalChineseculturalelementstocreatecharmingpatternsontheskirts.Mamianqunisn'tjustforhistoricalreenactments(重演).It'sanitemofclothing38(perfect)suitableforeverydaywear,eveninacontemporaryofficesetting.39designofMamianquncombinestraditionwithmodernity,40(make)itnotjustarelicofthepast,butafunctionalandstylishadditiontothemodernwardrobe(衣櫥).Now,Mamianqunismakinganeven41(huge)comebackcomparedtomostoftimes.Peopleweariteitherinthestreetsorintheoffice.Thisresurgence(復(fù)興)isfueledbyagrowingsenseofculturalpride,whichpromotespeople42(honor)theirheritagebyhavingtraditionalclothingintotheirdailywardrobes.Caoxian,43(know)astheheartofMamianqunmanufacturing,isacountyinShandongProvince.Caoxianholdsadeepculturalheritageofhanfu,Chinesetraditionalclothing,andishome44numeroushanfuenterprises.Withtheriseofonlineshopping,thelocalhanfuindustryofCaoxian45(grow)rapidlyinrecentyears.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華.暑假即將來(lái)臨，你校英語(yǔ)社團(tuán)正在向同學(xué)們征集暑期學(xué)生社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的建議。請(qǐng)你給負(fù)責(zé)此事的外教Mr.Smith寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)建議：2.活動(dòng)意義：3.你的期待。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearMr.Smith.Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thatyear,Iwas16yearsoldandmyfatherhadjustpassedawayinthatcoldlateautumn.TherewerenoThanksgivingcelebratingplansinmyfamilythatyear.Tomakeendsmeet,mymotherworkedtwojobsasacleaninglady,andIhadapart-timejobinthedowntown.ItwastheThanksgivingnightanditwasrainingandblowing.Theshopswereclosedandthestreetsweredecoratedwiththecolorfullambsforthegrantfestival.MyshiftatworkwasoverandIwaitedforthebusaloneinthestation.Thewindblewmythincoatandthreatenedtotearmyworn-outhand-knithatthatmymotherhadknittedformeyearsago.Wearingapairofdiscoloredpants,Ishiveredagainstthecoldwind,deepinthoughtabouthowmyfather'sdeathledtomyfamilyheartbrokenandhowmymotherandIstruggledtoworktosupportourfamily.AbusapproachedasIthoughtthesethings.Fortunately,aseatonthebuswasunoccupiedandItookitwithdelight,placingmyfeetontheperfectspotclosetotheheater.Icherishedthesmallcomfortofthewarmthasitseeped(滲透)throughthebottomofmywetfeet.Thenagentleman,perhapsinhis60s,appearedfromsomewhereinthebackofthebus.Heworeahatandafinewoolenscarf.Thenhestoppedandsatdownnexttome,placingashoppingbagbetweenus.Throughthetransparentshoppingbagundermynose,Ivaguelysawaboxwithchocolateprintedonit,aboxwithamusicboxprintedonit,andaclothing-typething.ThesemustbethegiftsforacertaingirlandIalsowishedtogetsuchgifts.Whenhenoticedmystare,Ilookedawayimmediatelyandcurleduptokeepwarm,orrather,tohidemyembarrassment.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Thenthegentlemantooktheinitiativetobreakthesilenceandstartedtalkingtome.HewasnearlyoffthebuswhensuddenlyIfoundheforgothisshoppingbag.高二英語(yǔ)試卷參考答案閱讀：1—3BCDA篇：本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)探險(xiǎn)旅行的好去處。1.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GalleryhopinS?oPaulo部分中的最后一句可知,MASP(圣保羅藝術(shù)博物館)打破了在墻壁上展示作品的傳統(tǒng)模式，將一些作品懸掛在透明板上。故它的特殊之處在于它展示作品的模式不同。2.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RideclassicrailsinScotland部分可知,RoyalScotsman火車旅行中既有徒步和高爾夫球等活動(dòng)，又有按摩服務(wù)。故該旅行結(jié)合了探險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)和放松體驗(yàn)。3.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DivewithsharksinWesternAustralia部分中的最后一句和HikeaglacierinChile部分中的最后一句可知，這兩個(gè)地方通過保護(hù)鯊魚和冰川實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)生態(tài)的保護(hù)。4—7CBDAB篇：本文是記敘文。AndreSimmons在他女兒Jazlyn和她的高中拉拉隊(duì)表演時(shí)，與她們一起跳舞，以此支持女兒并彌補(bǔ)因工作繁忙而錯(cuò)過的陪伴時(shí)光，創(chuàng)造了難忘的記憶。4.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知,當(dāng)AndreSimmons的女兒Jazlyn和她所在的拉拉隊(duì)正在表演時(shí)，他在看臺(tái)上跳舞。5.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，AndreSimmons的視頻獲得了很多的正面評(píng)論,大家推薦AndreSimmons為“CheerDadoftheYear”,為他的活力和到位的動(dòng)作喝彩。6.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句可知，由于工作原因，AndreSimmons很少陪伴Jazlyn，因此，他想以此來(lái)支持她并且彌補(bǔ)她。7.A【解析】推理判斷題。AndreSimmons在他女兒Jazlyn和她的高中拉拉隊(duì)表演時(shí),與她們一起跳舞，以此支持女兒并彌補(bǔ)因工作繁忙而錯(cuò)過的陪伴時(shí)光，創(chuàng)造了難忘的記憶。由此可知,AndreSimmons是一位給予女兒支持與關(guān)愛的父親。8—11DBCAC篇：本文是說明文。文章介紹了一種用菌類制作的皮革材料用于時(shí)尚行業(yè)的新技術(shù)。8.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，羅馬尼亞人和特林吉特人都用菌類作為皮革材料來(lái)制作包。9.B【解析】主旨大意題。第三段介紹了從開始加熱鋸末到最后菌絲最終長(zhǎng)成的過程。10.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可知，用菌絲這種材料制成的產(chǎn)品有利于改善生態(tài)。比如，未來(lái)處理一雙舊鞋可能只需將其堆肥處理即可。由此可知，菌絲這種材料能促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。11.A【解析】主旨大意題。文章主要內(nèi)容：一種用菌類制作的皮革材料用于時(shí)尚行業(yè)，它具有環(huán)保功效。12—15CBDAD篇：本文是說明文。文章介紹了人面臨不確定時(shí)會(huì)變得緊張焦慮的生理過程。12.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段最后一句可知，科學(xué)家設(shè)置的不確定是頻率不明確的聲音。13.B【解析】詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二、三句可知，高頻噪音出現(xiàn)，小鼠預(yù)期會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)時(shí)，它們釋放很少去甲腎上腺素。但當(dāng)結(jié)果不明確，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)是一個(gè)驚喜時(shí)，它們釋放大量去甲腎上腺素。所以,locuscoeruleus在不斷調(diào)節(jié)去甲腎上腺素。故modulates意為“調(diào)節(jié)”。14.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二、三句可知，前額皮質(zhì)中的神經(jīng)元對(duì)失敗的反應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于對(duì)回報(bào)的反應(yīng)。這個(gè)區(qū)域支配著人在壓力下的回避行為。15.A【解析】推理判斷題。文章告訴我們：當(dāng)面對(duì)不確定時(shí)，人的一系列反應(yīng)都是身體自然的反應(yīng)過程。16—20GECAF七選五：本文是說明文。文章介紹了四個(gè)提高社交能力的方法。16.G【解析】G項(xiàng)承接上文中的listentowhattheyaresayingrather...指出在傾聽的同時(shí)你該怎么做。同時(shí),G項(xiàng)中的askthemfollow-upquestions符合該段的主旨句Befullyengaged的要求。17.E【解析】E項(xiàng)與上文中的Makingeyecontactwithothers呼應(yīng),都屬于gestures的范圍。18.C【解析】C項(xiàng)中的做法與下文內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)，都有助于遇見新的朋友，符合語(yǔ)境。19.A【解析】該段主要介紹了要主動(dòng)聯(lián)系朋友，而不是被動(dòng)地等待別人來(lái)聯(lián)系你。故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。20.F【解析】針對(duì)上文中提到的不恰當(dāng)?shù)淖龇?，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)給出了解釋，并且在下文中提出了具體的做法。21—25BACDB26—30ACDBC31—35ADBAC完形填空：本文是記敘文。我在退休前夕被診斷出患有運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元病。盡管如此，我和妻子仍堅(jiān)持去加拿大旅行，決定不讓病情影響我們的旅程。21.B【解析】考查名詞。后來(lái)有一天，Sonia發(fā)現(xiàn)我的肩膀在顫動(dòng)，但我沒有多想。22.A【解析】考查形容詞。然而一個(gè)月后，我的手開始變得笨拙。23.C【解析】考查名詞。大約在那個(gè)時(shí)候，我正在看TheSplit，其中有一個(gè)關(guān)于一位醫(yī)生被診斷出患有運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元病的情節(jié)。24.D【解析】考查形容詞。我也有類似的癥狀，這引起了我的思考。25.B【解析】考查名詞。然后我去見了一位會(huì)診醫(yī)師，檢查結(jié)果一周后才會(huì)出來(lái)。26.A【解析】考查形容詞。參見上一題解析。27.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。就在我退休的第二天，我得到了讓我一直擔(dān)心的診斷結(jié)果——運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元病。28.D【解析】考查形容詞。我們情緒非常激動(dòng)，考慮過放棄(旅行)。29.B【解析】考查副詞。最終，我們按計(jì)劃踏上了探險(xiǎn)之旅。30.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。剛開始的幾天，我們沒有心情去玩，因?yàn)槲覀冞€在為我的診斷結(jié)果而苦惱。31.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。但很快，我們意識(shí)到不能讓運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元病控制我們的每一天。32.D【解析】考查名詞。于是我們制定了一個(gè)規(guī)則：每天，我們只允許自己有10分鐘的時(shí)間談?wù)撐业牟∏?，想哭就哭?3.B【解析】考查名詞。如今，我行動(dòng)不便。34.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。盡管如此，我們還是很高興能去加拿大探險(xiǎn)，這次探險(xiǎn)中有許多難忘的瞬間。35.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。我們不知道未來(lái)會(huì)怎樣，但記憶會(huì)一直保留下來(lái)。36.What37.freedom38.perfectly39.The40.making41.huger42.tohonor43.known44.to45.hasgrown/hasbeengrowing語(yǔ)法填空：36.What【解析】考查名詞性從句。該句是由連詞what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作主語(yǔ)。37.freedom【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)該空前的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)allowfor可知,此處應(yīng)該用名詞形式。38.perfectly【解析】考查副詞。此處應(yīng)該用副詞來(lái)修飾形容詞,表示程度,perfectly意為“十分;非?！?。39.The【解析】考查冠詞。定冠詞the在此處表特指。40.making【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞make與其前面的句子是主動(dòng)關(guān)系