高中英語時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)詳解

時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)皇利江Jason劍橋大學(xué)TKT證書廣州新東方學(xué)校骨干教師云南新東方學(xué)校般現(xiàn)在一時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去時(shí)間軸一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去三性：反復(fù)性、永恒性、真實(shí)性表經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性1.例句I

oftensing

English

songs

in

myfreetime.標(biāo)志詞always,often,usually,frequently,sometimes一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的特點(diǎn)2.表客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理例句Theearthgoesaroundthesun.Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的特點(diǎn)3.表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定，時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的事標(biāo)志詞主將從現(xiàn)主情從現(xiàn)主祈從現(xiàn)Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句Please

callme,whenyougobackhome.You

should

be

quiet

when

you

are

inthemuseum.when，after，before，as，assoonas，while，till/until，since，once，if(如果)，unless，once，as/solongas，練習(xí)Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmovedaroundthesun.1.改錯(cuò)2.Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmoves

aroundthesun.Theplaneleaveat8tomorrowmorning.改錯(cuò)Theplaneleaves

at8tomorrowmorning.3.改錯(cuò)If

itwill

raintomorrow,I

won’t

gothere.If

itrainstomorrow,I

won’t

gothere.Be+過去分詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Is/am/are+過去分詞例句Football________inmostcountriesintheworld.isplayed練習(xí)Sunglasses__________(use)forprotectingpeople’seyes.1.2.Apicture_________(put)upontheblackboard.3.French___________(speak)inFrance.

areused

is

put

is

spoken練習(xí)Thestudents_____often_____

(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.4.5.Metal_______________________(use)makingmachines.6.Silk__________________(produce)inSuzhou.

are

is

is

told

usedfor

produced在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去構(gòu)成：Be

+

doing表現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行1.例句We

arehavinganEnglishclassnow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)例句2.I

amworkingforNewOrientalSchool.表現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行與always,often,usually,frequently,constantly,allthetime等頻度副詞連用，表經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行動(dòng)或說話人贊嘆或厭惡等感情色彩3.例句Thegirlisalwaystalkingloudinpublic.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作4.例句I____________(leave)tomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)amleavingcome,go,arrive,leave,stay,fly,takeoff.表示現(xiàn)在不斷發(fā)展變化的事情。5.例句It’slateAutumn.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Is/am/are

+

being+過去分詞例句My

car_________________(decorate).isbeingdecorated構(gòu)成More

Practice

Asciencelab________inourschoolnow.

A.Hasbuilt

B.isbeingbuilt

C.isbuilding

D.willbebuilt1.2.

B

—Haveyoumovedintoyournewhouse?

—Notyet,therooms

________.

A.arebeingpainted

B.arebeingpainting

C.arepainting

D.arepainted

A在完成現(xiàn)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去構(gòu)成：have/has

+過去分詞My

friend

__________(live)inGuangzhouoverthepast3

years.標(biāo)志詞sofar,uptonow,

tillnow,lately,recently,in,during,overthelast/past…,since,for等現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特點(diǎn)haslived例句1.過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在I__________(finish)myjourneyalready.標(biāo)志詞just,already,yet,ever,never,once，twice，manytimes現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)havefinished例句2.過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.非延續(xù)begin/start,find,see,marry,buy,borrow,return,die,get對(duì)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforamonth.錯(cuò)標(biāo)志詞More

PracticeDaniel__________(live)inBeijingsincehecametoChina.1.haslivedTheboysaretired.They_______________(justplay)aballgame.2.havejustplayed3.I__________(be)toEgypttwice.havebeensince和for的區(qū)別since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)forIhavelivedhere____atleast

twentyyears.

Ihavelivedhere____Iwasborn.

for+時(shí)間段sinceMore

PracticeMybrother____never____(be)abroadbefore.1.hasIthasbeenthreeyears____hejoinedthearmy.2.3.In(over)thepast10years,ourschool___________(changed)alot.beensinceHaschangedMore

PracticeItisthefirsttimethatI_________there.4.havebeenHowardisoneofthemostfamousexplorerstheworld____ever_____(know).5.hasknown現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)have/has

+

been+過去分詞例句My

car_________________(decorate).hasbeendecorated構(gòu)成More

PracticeThe

work

_____

already

____

finished.1.2.3.hasbeenThe

plan

_____

_____

discussed

for

nearly

2

hours.hasbeenThe

desks

____________________(notclean).havenotbeencleaned在完成現(xiàn)進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去構(gòu)成：have/has

+

been

doing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)作仍然繼續(xù)MissLi

__________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(已讀完)MissLi

______________(read)abookaboutStonehenge.(未讀完)

hasbeenreading

hasread般過去一時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去I__________(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriendsinthecountryside

severalyears

ago.標(biāo)志詞yesterday,last…,…ago,in…,then,justnow,

theotherday一般過去的特點(diǎn)spent例句1.表過去發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/were+過去分詞例句Thewindow_________(break)

yesterday.wasbroken構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)動(dòng)作在過去結(jié)束現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)作在現(xiàn)在結(jié)束或未結(jié)束He________inBeijingforfouryears.(現(xiàn)在依然在住)He________inBeijingforfouryears.(現(xiàn)在不住了)

lived

haslived一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別去進(jìn)行過時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去was/were+doing構(gòu)成Duringthesummerof2010she___________(travel)inEurope.某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)wastravelling例句1.過去正在進(jìn)行或頻繁發(fā)生2.ImetDianawhileI____________(shop)thismorning.wasshopping例句過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)waswondering例句3.表示委婉語氣I______________(wonder)ifyoucouldgivemealift.More

Practice1.Asshe____thenewspaper,Granny____asleep.A.read…wasfalling B.wasreading…fellC.wasreading…wasfalling D.read…fell

BHesaidhe_____todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.A.tries

B.tried

C.wastrying

D.willtry2.

C過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/were

+

being+過去分詞例句My

car_________________(decorate)atthistimeyesterday.wasbeingdecorated構(gòu)成More

Practice1.The

question

____

at

the

meeting

yesterday

afternoon.A.were

being

discussedB.was

being

discussedC.

being

discussed D.was

been

discussedAt

that

time

they

____

how

to

run

the

machine.A.was

being

shownB.were

being

shownC.bebeing

shownD.were

being

show2.

B

B去完成過時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去構(gòu)成：had+過去分詞過去完成I__________(stay)inBeijingforthreeyearsby2003.過去完成時(shí)的特點(diǎn)hadstayed例11.表示過去某時(shí)間或動(dòng)作前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況Hesaidhe________thebookbefore.hadread例2More

Practice1.—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.—Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.

A．went

B．a(chǎn)regoing

C．havegone

D．hadgone

D

More

Practice2.Thelittlegirl____herheartoutbecauseshe____hertoybearandbelievedshewasn’tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lost B.cried,hadlost C.hascried,haslost D.cries,haslost

B

cryone’sheartout痛哭欲絕

Wearrivedearlierthanwe

___________(expect).More

Practicehadexpected3過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)had+

been+過去分詞例句Whenthehurricaneended,severalbuildingsinthetown_____________(ruin).hadbeenruined構(gòu)成More

Practice1.Whenshewokeup,shefoundthatherhouse______________(destroy)bythethunderstorm.

hadbeendestroyed2.Morepatients____inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.

A.treatedB.havetreatedC.hadbeentreatedD.havebeentreatedC般將來一時(shí)一般將來時(shí)時(shí)現(xiàn)在將來過去構(gòu)成：will+do

begoingto+doI

________basketballthisafternoon.一般將來時(shí)的特點(diǎn)willplay例11.表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)We__________(go)putupabuildinghere.aregoingto例2一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)Will

+

be

+過去分詞be

goingto