北師大版初三英語第18講：unit-9-語法篇(學(xué)生版)

Unit9語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________理解并掌握過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或過去某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

1.表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。I

was

doing

my

homework

at

this

time

yesterday.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候我在做作業(yè)。2.表示某一階段內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。I

was

staying

here

from

March

to

May

last

year.去年從3月到5月我一直呆在這。二、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：was/were+doing否定句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句注意：英語中有四類動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）(1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞，如love,hate,like,care,respect,please,prefer,know等，若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。I’mforgettingit.(=beginningtoforget)(2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如appear,exist,lie,remain,stand,seem等(3)表感覺的動(dòng)詞，如see,hear,feel,smell,sound,taste等(4)表一時(shí)性的動(dòng)詞，如accept,allow,admit,decide,end,refuse,permit,promise等。三、時(shí)間狀語標(biāo)志詞at

that

time/moment,

(at)

this

time

yesterday

(last

night/Sunday/week…),

at+點(diǎn)鐘+yesterday

(last

night

/

Sunday…),when

sb.

did

sth注意：1.when后通常用短暫短性動(dòng)詞，while后通常用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因此它所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，例如：WhenthecarexplodedIwaswalkingpastit.我路過的時(shí)候那個(gè)車爆炸了。WhileIwaswalkingpastthecaritexploded.當(dāng)我路過的時(shí)候那個(gè)車爆炸了。

2.when用作并列連詞時(shí)，主句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，從句則用一般過去時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過程中，另一個(gè)意想不到的動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。例如：Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.我正在街上走時(shí)突然有人喊我。

3.when作并列連詞，表示“（這時(shí)）突然”之意時(shí)，第一個(gè)并列分句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，when引導(dǎo)的并列分句用一般過去時(shí)。例如：IwastakingawalkwhenImethim.我正在散步，突然遇見了他。Wewereplayingoutsidewhenitbegantorain.我們正在外邊玩，這時(shí)下起雨來了。四、一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

1.一般過去式常表示在過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)（包括過去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作），常與一般過去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：just

now,

a

moment

ago,

yesterday,

last

week(month,

year),

the

day

before

yesterday及表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句。例如：I

was

sixteen

yesterday

old

last

year.

我去年16歲。

He

worked

in

a

factory

in

1986.

他1986年在一家工廠工作。

I

met

her

in

the

street

the

day

before

yesterday.

前天我在街上遇見了她。

He

often

swam

in

the

river

when

he

was

young.

他小時(shí)候常在河里游泳。

2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語有，at

that

time/moment,

(at)

this

time

yesterday

(last

night/Sunday/week…)，at點(diǎn)鐘+yesterday

(last

night

/

Sunday…)，when

sb.

did

sth.等時(shí)間狀語從句。

例如：What

were

you

doing

at

seven

p.m.

yesterday?

昨天晚上七點(diǎn)你在干什么？

I

first

met

Mary

three

years

ago.

She

was

working

at

a

radio

shop

at

the

time.

我第一次遇到瑪麗是在三年前，當(dāng)時(shí)她在一家無線電商店工作。

I

was

cooking

when

she

knocked

at

the

door.

她敲門時(shí)我正在做飯。

3.一般過去時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。例如：

I

saw

you

while

you

were

speaking

to

the

teacher.

你在和老師談話時(shí)我看見了你。

注意：有的過去時(shí)間狀語既可用于一般過去時(shí)，也可用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，但含義不同。例如：

She

wrote

a

letter

to

her

friend

last

night.

她昨晚給她的朋友寫了封信。（信寫完了）

She

was

writing

a

letter

to

her

friend

last

night.她昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫信。（信不一定寫完）1.I_______thedisheswhenMr.Gaovisitedmyhomeyesterday.A.washB.washedC.amwashing D.waswashing2.WhileI________dinnerlastnight,Angelacalledmeandaskedabouthomework.A.haveB.willhaveC.washavingD.amhaving3.Marry__________herhomeworkwhenhermothergothomeyesterday.A.doesB.didC.isdoingD.wasdoing4.I______cookedamealwhenyou_____me.A.cooked,wereringing

B.wascooking,rang

C.wascooking,wereringing

D.cooked,rang5.They_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.A.werewatching

B.watch

C.watched

D.arewatching基礎(chǔ)演練一、用所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I__________(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.2.They_________(go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.JohnandPeter_________(do)thesamething.3.What_____you_______(do)atthattime?

We__________(watch)TV.4.Wasyourfatherathomeyesterdayevening?Yes,hewas.He_____________(listen)totheradio.5.They____________(notmake)amodelshipwhenIsawhim.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.---Icalledyouat6o’clockyesterdayevening,butnobodyanswered.---I'msorry.I_____________myfrienddownloadthemovieKungFuPandaⅡwhenthetelephonerang,A.wouldhelp B.helped C.washelpingD.amhelping2.Hesaidhe______________todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.A.tries

B.tried

C.wastrying

D.willtry3.I____________alongtheroadwhenIsawPeter.Sowestoppedandhadachat.A.walkedB.waswalkingC.wouldwalkD.hadwalked4.---Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?---Sorry.Ididn’tcatchit.I______________somethingelse.A.think B.willthink C.wasthinking D.hadthought5.Yesterdayevening,Iwaswalkingalongthestreet_________Isuddenlymetmymathsteacher.A.whenB.whileC.asD.before三、按要求進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.

WewerehavingaPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.(改為否定句)We_______________aPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.2.Katewasreviewingherlessonsateightlastnigh.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯定、否定回答)______________________________________________________________________________

Heraninthepark.(用atthistimeyesterday改寫)______________________________________________________________________________4.

Theywereplayingcomputergamesatninelastnight.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)

______________________________________________________________________________5.

Iwasreadinganovelatthreeyesterdayafternoon.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_______________________________________________________________________________鞏固提高一、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子你介意把音樂調(diào)小點(diǎn)兒聲嗎？Wouldyou_____________________themusic?2.我們把用過的書捐贈(zèng)給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。We_________usedbooks_______________charity.我相信我們還有更多事情可以做。Webelievethereare________________________.我每天騎自行車上班。I_________________________everyday.今天天太熱，你為什不把夾克脫掉呢？It’stoohottoday._________________________yourjacket?二、翻譯1.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你們英語老師在做什么？她在和一些家長(zhǎng)談話嗎？_________________________________________________________________________2.當(dāng)我離開的時(shí)候他正在畫一幅世界地圖。_________________________________________________________________________3.當(dāng)你看見他們的時(shí)候他們?cè)诟墒裁?？他們?cè)诖驋呓淌摇________________________________________________________________________4.那時(shí)二班的學(xué)生沒在操場(chǎng)上踢足球，他們?cè)诖蚧@球。_________________________________________________________________________5.一天，母親下班回家的時(shí)候，約翰在寫給一個(gè)朋友寫信。_________________________________________________________________________一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Alotoftrees__________alongthestreetlastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted2.---Ifit_______finetomorrow,let’shaveapicnicinthepark.---Greatidea!A.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeen3.---YourEnglishissogood.---Thankyou.I_______itsinceIwasseventyearsold.A.learnB.havelearnedC.willlearnD.learned4.PaulandI____tennisyesterday.Hedidmuchbetterthan1.A.playB.willplayC.playedD.areplaying5.TheairinBeijingismuchworsethanthatinmanyothercities.Wemustdo_______toprotectourenvironment.A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything6.Itisreportedthatpeoplethrow________plasticbagsalongthisstreeteveryweek.A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredsofD.hundredof7.---Wherewereyouat7:00lastnight?---I_____tomymomathome.A.write B.waswriting C.wroteD.amwriting8.---Mr.Lee______toastudentwhenIenteredtheclassroomthismorning.---Heisverypatient______heisyoung.A.talking;butB.talks;thoughC.wastalking,thoughD.talked,however9.---Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?---I____onthegrassanddrawingapicture.A.sitB.satC.amsittingD.wassitting10.Thegirlwithtwocatsintheyardwhentheearthquakehappened.A.wasplayingB.isplayingC.areplayingD.wereplaying二、完形填空In1989astrongearthquakealmostflattenedAmerica,andover300,000peoplewereinjuredinlessthanfourminutes.Thoughtheearthquakeshadnotendedcompletely,

afather1Afteramoment

hecametohimselfandrememberedthe2hehadmadetohisson:“Nomatterwhathappens,

I’llalwaysbethereforyou!”Andtearsbegantofillhiseyes.Ashelookedattheruins(廢墟),

itlooked3,

buthekeptrememberinghispromisetohisson.Herushedthereandstarteddiggingintheruins.Ashewasdigging,otherhelpless4arrived,saying:“It’stoolate!They’realldead!Comeon,

facereality.There'snothingyoucando!”Toeachparenthejustreplied,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Noonehelped.Andthenhe5todigforhisson,

stonebystone.6hewentonalonebecauseheneededtoknowforhimself:“Ismyboy7orishedead?”Hedugfor8hours…12hours…24hours…36hours…Then,inthe38thhour,hepulledbackalargestoneandheardhisson’s8.Hescreamedhisson’sname,

“ARMAND!”Heheardback,

“Dad!It’sme,

Dad!Itoldtheotherkidsnottoworry.Itoldthemthatifyouwerealive,

youwouldsave

meandwhen

yousavedme,

they’dbesaved.Youpromised,

‘Nomatterwhathappens,

I’llalwaysbe

thereforyou!’Youdidit,

Dad!”“What’sgoingonthere?”Thefatheraskedanxiously.“Thereare14ofusleftoutof33,

Dad.We’reveryfrightened,

hungry,

thirstyandthankfulyou’rehere.

Whenthebuildingfelldown,

it9atriangle（三角形）,

anditsavedus.”“Comeout,

boy!”“

No,

Dad!Lettheotherkidscomeoutfirst,

because

Iknowyou’ll10me!Nomatterwhathappens,

Iknowyou’llalwaysbethereforme!”1.A.walked B.came C.rushed D.drove2.A.conversation B.promise C.dialogue D.encouragement3.A.hopeless B.homeless C.careless D.endless4.A.teachers B.friends C.parents D.students5.A.stopped B.continued C.decided D.started6.A.Seriously B.Nervously C.Dangerously D.Courageously7.A.angry B.alone C.happy D.alive8.A.voice B.speech C.laugh D.suggestion9.A.saved B.made C.rose D.drew10.A.get B.join C.see D.leave__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.---Dad,_____Iborrowyourcamera?---Sure.Butwhy?A.can B.must C.should D.need2.Ithinkman-madewondersare____________thannaturalones.A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.mostexcitingD.themostexciting3.Yourcomputerwillgowrongifyou_____gamestoooftenonit.A.playB.playsC.playingD.willplay4.Thestoryofthisbook______howyoungpeopleloveeachother.A.tellB.tellsC.telling D.told5.---Willteachers_____bycomputersinthefuture,Tony?---Maybeyes,maybeno.ButI’msurewe’lllearnfrombothofthem.A.havereplaced B.arereplacing C.arereplaced D.bereplaced6.LiuXiangtrainedsohard______hehurthisfoot.A.when B.while C.that D.what(附：?jiǎn)芜x1-6,

北京市昌平區(qū)2014-2015學(xué)年第一學(xué)期初三年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量抽測(cè)英語試卷)二、閱讀理解ASometimespeoplecalloursa"throw-awaysociety".Thatmeansthatwe'realwaysthrowingawayoldthingsandbuyingnewones.Manytimes,younolongerneedsomething,butsomeoneelsemayjustneedtobuyone.Forexample,ifyourbabydoesn'tlikehistoycaranylonger,whynotgiveittoanearlyfamilywhohasalittlekid?That'sonelessplastictoycarthattheyneedtobuy.It'salsoonelessplastictoythatneedstobeproduced,packagedandshippedtothetoystore.Herearcsomeotherwaystohelpthesocietysaveresources(資源):

★Usetheothersideofthepapersothatlesstreesarecutdown.★Userechargeable(可再充電的)batteriesforyourelectrictoys,MP3players,cellphones,andcameras.★Choosereusabletravelcupsinsteadofdisposable(一次性的)paperorplasticcups.

★Takeyourownclothshoppingbagsinsteadofusingtheplasticbagsthatareofferedwhenyougoshopping.★Drinktapwaterinsteadofbuyingbottledwater.Andtherearesomethingsyoucanexchangewithyourfriends,forexample,books,toys,evenclothes.It'sawayforeveryonetogetsomethingnewwithoutspendinganymoneyandwithoutthrowingmanythingsaway.

1.Whatdoes“throw-awaysociety”meanaccordingtothepassage?A.wedon’tlikeoldthings.B.wedon’tbuynewthings.C.we’realwaysthrowingawayoldthings.D.we’realwaysthrowingawayoldthingsandbuyingnewones.2.Whatdowehelpthesocietyifwegiveasecond-handtoycartoaneighborkid?A.Producemorenewones

B.Developfast

C.BecomericherandricherD.Saveresources3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Weshouldbuythingsthatcanbereusedinourdailylife.

B.Wecanexchangesomethingswithothersforfurtheruse.

C.It’sgoodforustothrowawayoldthingsandbuynewones.

D.Wearesupposedtogivethethingswenolongerneedtoourneighbors.

4.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifeafterreadingthepassage?

A.Trytothrowasfewoldthingsaswecan.

B.Useasmanydisposablethingsaspossible.

C.Drinkbottledwatereventhoughthereistapwateraround.

D.Buyeverythingweneedinsteadofexchangingthemwithothers.BAsksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthat

over-consumption

inthegreenestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirst

place.

Hereisanexample.IntheUK,thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold'swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewith

plasticandcardboard.

Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK,forexample,isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreen-housegaseswhichgoon

tocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnotto

producesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem,too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However,afewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannot

continue,encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags,forexample.

Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwith

quality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.

Butitalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts,whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.

Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle,wearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialwearecollecting.Weneedtofacethewasteofourdailylife.Althoughmanypeoplehavetakenactiontorecycle,wehaveahighmountaintoclimb.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"over-consumption"referto?A.Usingtoomuchpackaging.

B.Recyclingtoomanywastes.C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary. D.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.6.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow_____.A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwaste B.theincreaseofpackagingrecycling C.therapidgrowthofsupermarkets D.thefactofpackagingoveruse7.Accordingtothetext,recycling_____.A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffect

B.meansburningpackagingforenergyC.isthesolutiontogasshortage D.leadstoawasteofland8.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.

B.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.C.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging. D.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.

9.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.

B.Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.

C.Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewaste.

D.Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.CItisanargumentthathasdividedtheEastandtheWestforcenturies:Arechopsticksbetterthantheknifeandfork,orviceversa?Nowthewinnermayfinallybedecided,onenvironmentalground.Chopsticksaremadefromavarietyofmaterials,butbambooandwoodchopsticksaremorepopular.Theyareusuallycheaper,lowerintemperatureconductionandprovidebettersenseforholdingfood.That’swhyalmostalldisposable（一次性的）chopsticksaremadeofbambooorwood.Withcuttingdown25millionfully-growntreesayeartomakechopsticks,Chinahasrankednumberoneamongtheproducers.“Wemustchangeourhabitsandencouragepeopletotaketheirownchopstickswheneatingout,”saidMr.Bo,theownerofaforestryindustrycompanyinChina.Heevenwentsofarastosuggestthatrestaurantsshouldoffermetalknivesandforksinstead.IfMr.Bo’ssuggestioniswidelyaccepted,itwouldbeadarkmomentinchopsticks’4,000-yearhistory.

ChopstickswereinventedinancientChinaandlaterspreadaroundAsia.Theyarenotonlyusedaseatingtoolsbutalsousedforcooking,stirringthefireandservingfood.Koreanssometimesusemetalchopsticksbecauseoftheirloveofbarbecue（燒烤）.ChinesechopsticksarelongerthanKoreanandJapanesechopsticksinordertoreachthedishesinthecenterofthetable.Thereare1.4billionpeopleusing80billionpairsofdisposablechopsticksinChinaeveryyear.However,themostwidespreaduseofdisposablechopsticksisin

Japan.Aroundatot