2025年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法：倒裝句句型知識(shí)講解素材

2025年高中英語語法倒裝句句型知識(shí)講解英語句子通常有兩種語序:主語在前,謂語在后,稱為自然語序,謂語在前,主語在后,稱為倒裝語序。倒裝語序分為：a完全倒裝b部分倒裝一、完全倒裝謂語動(dòng)詞置主語前，且主語必須是名詞，若為代詞則不倒裝。謂語部分無助動(dòng)詞（do,have）和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，但可以用連系動(dòng)詞be.完全倒裝有以下情況：1.當(dāng)句首為副詞in,out,up,down,here,there,off,away,over,等，且主語為名詞時(shí)，這類倒裝句只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。Ourteachercamein.－＞Incameourteacher.Outrushedtheboys.Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。注意：主語是人稱代詞時(shí)，主語和謂語語序不變。Hereitis.Awayhewent.2.當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)介詞短語位于句首，且主語為名詞時(shí)，不加助動(dòng)詞did,does或do.Ontopofthehillstandsabigpinetree.Underthetreeweresomechildren.Underabigtree___D_____,halfasleep.A.didsatafatmanB.afatmansatC.didafatmansatD.satafatman3.therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，be與后面的主語保持一致.與there連用的動(dòng)詞還有stand,lie,live，come,enter,flow,rise,exist,seem,appear，happen等。TherewerealotofpeopleintheparklastSunday.上周日公園里有很多人。Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.Oncetherelivedakingwhowascrueltohispeople.從前有一位對(duì)人民很殘暴的國王。Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.Infrontofthetowerthereflewsastream.4.主語較長(zhǎng)，表語形容詞、過去分詞，then時(shí)間副詞等較短放在句首，為保持句子平衡，應(yīng)完全倒裝。TypicalforChinaisthecrosstalkshow，inwhichtwocomediansentertaintheaudienceswithwords.中國典型的藝術(shù)形式是相聲，兩名演員用言語來逗樂觀眾。GonearethedayswhenweChinesewerelookeddownupon.中國人民被歧視的日子已成為過去。GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.Thencame8yearsoftheAntiJapaneseWar.LonglivetheChineseCommunistPartyofChina！中國共產(chǎn)黨萬歲！二、部分倒裝將助動(dòng)詞調(diào)到主語前，主語可以是名詞也可以是代詞。使用部分倒裝的情況有：否定詞放句首時(shí)，never，neither，nor，few,little，seldom，hardly，scarcely，rarely,innoway，atnotime，bynomeans,not，no,nosooner,nowhere，notonlynotuntilWeseldomgetupatfourinthemorning.=Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.Seldomdoeshespendhistimeplayingcards.他很少花時(shí)間去玩撲克。Notasinglewordfromhimcouldtheenemydrag.RarelyhaveIheardofsuchasillything.NeverhaveIheardofthatplacebefore.我以前從未聽說過那個(gè)地方。Notonlyishebusy,butalsoIhavealotofworktodo.NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.Notonlydidhegivemesomeadvice，butalsohelentmesomemoney.NeitherdoeshewatchTV，nordoesheseefilmsintheevening.注1當(dāng)notonly…butalso，neither……nor……連接兩個(gè)主語等時(shí)，不用倒裝；Notonlyyoubutalsoheisbusy.Neitheryounorheisbusy.注2由notuntil引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句位于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)部分倒裝，從句語序不變。Hedidnotreturntohishometownuntil1998=＞Notuntil1998didhereturntohishometown.WedidnotbegintohavesupperlastnightuntilFathercameback=＞NotuntilFathercamebackdidwebegintohavesupperlastnight.注3innotime立刻，馬上，放句首不倒裝注4hardly…when;rarely…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…than引導(dǎo)的句子用過去完成時(shí)。主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。正常語序主語+hadhardlydonewhen…did倒裝語序Hardlyhad+主語+donewhen…did例如Thebellhadhardlyrungwhentheclassbegan.=＞Hardlyhadth