2021年12月大學(xué)英語4級(jí)第2套

2021年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試真題試卷(第2套)PartIWriting（30minutes）Directions：Supposeyouruniversitystudentunionisplanningtoholdaspeechcontest.Youarenowtowriteaproposalfororganizinsthecontest.Theproposalmayincludethetopic,aim,procedureandselectionofcontestants.Youwillhave30minutestowritetheproposal.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension（25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Shewaspiercedbyachickenbone.B)Shewascoughingallthetime.C)Shesufferedfromlungcancer.D)Shesufferedfromshock.2.A)Byeatingchickensoupdaily.B)Throughregularexercising.C)Throughasurgicaloperation.D)ByusingtraditionalChinesemedicine.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)Itwasborn13yearsago.B)ItwasAliceGray'slovelypet.C)Itgotinjuredinabigbushfire.D)Itranawayintoanearbyforest.4.A)Theyrebuiltthefencingaroundtheirfarm.B)Theyspentsevenyearsreplantingtheirfarm.C)Theyclaimeddamagesfortheirheavylosses.D)Theyinstalledacameratomonitorsheepactivity.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.6.7.A)Thedisappearanceofsomegoldanddiamonds.B)Thetransferoftonsofpreciousmetalbyair.C)ThecrashofaRussiancargoairplane.D)Thelossofgoldfromanairplane.A)Itmadeanemergencylanding.C)Itcontactedthegoldminecompany.B)Itinformedthelocalpoliceatonce.D)Ithadacrewmemberfixtheproblem.A)Theywillcooperatewiththepolice.B)Theyhadcheckedtheplanecarefully.C)Theywillbequestionedbythepolice.D)Theytooksomegoldbarsanddiamonds.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,vouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmuestchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoiresmarkedA).B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Ouestions8to11arehesedontheconversationyouhaveiustheard.8.A)Forthecompany'srecords.B)Forfuturetrainingpurposes.C)Tofollowthecompany'srule.D)Toensureinformationsccurity.9.A)Tocheckhercustomerreferencenumber.B)Toinquireaboutthepriceofofficechairs.C)Togethermoneybackforthereturnedchair.D)Tomakecomplaintsaboutitscustomerservice.10.A)Shehadtoupdateitsinformation.B)Sheforgotwhereshehadleftit.C)Shelostitaboutthreedaysago.D)Shewasissuedanewcard.11.A)Reconsiderheroptionsforpaymentmethods.B)Makeaspecificnoteonthecompany'ssystem.C)Updateherbankcarddetailsonthecompany'swebsite.

D)Uploadherpersonalinformationtothecompany'swebsite.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Heisfeelingexhausted.B)Heistiredofcooking.C)Hehastoworklate.D)HewantstotryAsianfoods.13.A)Bookatable.B)Orderadelivery.C)Downloadamenu.D)Locatearestaurant.14.A)Itisnottasty.C)Itistoooily.B)Itisnothealthy.D)Itistoospicy.15.A)Sheistooconcernedaboutmoney.B)Sheistooweight-conscious.C)Sheistoopickyaboutfood.D)Sheistooeagertoplease.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Ouestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Owners'personalitiesaffecttheircats'behaviourandwellbeing.B)Parents'personalitiescanaffectthepersonalitiesoftheirchildren.C)Parentsandcatownersalikeexperiencehighlevelsofanxiety.D)Moreandmorepeoplearetreatingpetcatsliketheirchildren.17.A)Givetheirpetsbehaviouraltraining.B)Providetheirpetswiththebestcare.C)Knowtheirpets'feelingsanddesires.D)Interactwiththeirpetsinnovelways.18.A)Moreconvincingexplanation.B)Moreextensivesampling.C)Collectionofmoredata.D)Furtherinvestigation.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Peopleshoulddomorerunningthanmerewalking.B)Runningisthebestexerciseforextendingone'slife.C)Peopleshouldexerciseatleast60minuteseveryday.D)Runningistheeasiestformofexerciseformostpeople.20.A)Improvingtheirbrainfunction.B)Regulatingtheirbreathingrate.C)Slowingdowntheirageingprocess.D)Acceleratingtheirbloodcirculation21.A)Theyfounditeasytocontroltheiremotions.B)Theystruggledtohandlenegativeemotions.C)Theyweremoreeagertoenjoyamovie.D)Theywerelessaffectedbysadmovies.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Heisatourguide.B)Heisafamousarchitect.C)Heisalocalentrepreneur.D)HeistheowneroftheHillHouse.23.A)Hestudiedtheblueprintsofotherfamousbuildings.B)Heinquiredabouthisclient'sfamilybackground.C)Heobservedhisclient'slifeandhabits.D)Hetookatourofhisclient'soldhome.24.A)Ahousemadeoftimberandbrick.B)Ahousewithalotoffreespace.C)Ahouseofthecurrentfashion.D)Ahouseofauniquedesign.25.A)Theyarewellpreservedandinprettygoodshape.B)Theyarecopiesbuilttothearchitect'sdesigns.C)Theyweredesignedbyanotherarchitect.D)Theywerebadlydamagedbutrestored.PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）SectionADireetions：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingvourchoices.Eachchoiceinthehankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.ItiscommonlybelievedthatthegreatEnglishdramatistandpoetWilliamShakespearewasborninStratford-on-AvononApril23,1564.Butitisimpossibletoknowthe26dayonwhichhewasborn.Churchrecordsshowhewasbaptized(施洗禮)onApril26,andthreedayswasacustomaryamountoftimetowaitbeforebaptizinganewlybornbaby.Shakespeare'sdateofdeathis27known.However:itwasApril23,1616.Hewas52andhadretiredtoStratfordthreeyearsbefore.Althoughfewplayshavebeenperformedoranalyzedasextensivelyasthe38playsShakespearewrote,therearefewsurvivingdetailsabouthislife.Thisofbiographicalinformationisdueprimarilytohissocial;hewasnotanoble,butthesonofaleathertrader.attendedthegrammarschoolinStratford,wherehewouldhavestudied2829Shakespeare30Latinandread31literature.Hedidnotgotouniversityandatage18marriedAnneHathaway,whowaseightyearshis_32.Theyhadfourchildren,includingthetwins,HamnetandJudith.NothingisknownoftheperiodbetweenthebirthofthetwinsandShakespeare'sdramatistinLondonintheearly1590s.33asaInamillionwordswrittenover20years,heconflictswithathatremainssharptoday.AshisgreatcontemporarythepoetanddramatistBenJonsonsaid,"Hewasnotofanage,butforalltime."34thefullrangeofhumanemotionsand35A)capturedB)classicalC)conclusivelyD)emergenceE)exactI)precisionJ)probablyK)qualityL)scarcityM)seniorF)generatedG)particularH)positionN)separatedO)systematicallySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.HowtonotbeboringA)Humansarecreaturesofhabit.Welovetoestablisharoutineandstickwithit.Thenweoftenputourselvesonauto-pilot.Routinescanbeincrediblyusefulinhelpingyougetthingsdone.However,toomuchofaroutinecanalsomakeyouincrediblyboring.Nevertheless,manypeoplelivelivesthatareboringlypredictable,orlivealifewhereeverythingisoutlinedorplanned.B)Totellthetruth,interestingpeoplearemorepopularamongtheirfriends.Ifyoudon'tarousesomeone'scuriosityorbrightensomeone'sday,youprobablycomeacrossasbeingalittlebitdull.Butthatdoesn'tmeanyourlifehasendedandyoucan'tdoanythingtochangeit.Ifyoufindyourseltscarchingforsomethingtosaybeyondsmalltalk,trythesetacticstofindmoreinterestingapproachestoconversation.C)Recently,Iwasatagatheringofcolleagueswhensomeoneturnedtomeandasked,"So,what'snewwithyou?"Ordinarily,IthinkI'magoodconversationalist.Afterall,it'sliterallymyjobtotalktopeopleandtelltheirstoriesorsharetheiradvice.Andthat'snotexactlyanunexpectedquestion.Stilltheonly"new-to-me"topicsthatcametomindweremydaughter'sbasketballtournament（錦標(biāo)賽）andmyfeelingsaboutthatmorning'spoliticalheadlines-neitheramusingnorappropriatetopicsatthatmoment.D)Oh,no,Ithought.HaveIbecomeboring?Butsharingourexperiencesinanauthenticwaytoconnectwithotherpeopleiswhatmakesusinteresting,saysassociateprofessorMichaelPirson.ThehesitationIfeltinnotsharingtheordinarythingsthatwerehappeninginmylife,andthewildmentalsearchforsomethingmoreinteresting,mayhavebackfiredandmademeseemlessinteresting.E)"Ifsomeoneismakingupsomeconversationthatmightbeinteresting,it'sprobablynotgoingtolandwell,"saysPirson,whoseexpertiseincludestrustandwell-being,mindfulness,andhumanisticmanagement."It'sgoingtofeellikeamade-upconversationthatpeopledon'tnecessarilywanttotuneinto."F)Themostinterestingpeoplearen'tthosewho'vegoneonsomeEat,Pray,Lovejourneytofindthemselves.Instead,Pirsonsays,they'rethosewhoexaminetheordinary."Often,the"boringthings'maynotbeboringatall.Maybetheyareactuallylittlemiracles,"hesays.Shareyourobservationsabouttheworldaroundyou-interestingstoriesyouheardorthingsyounoticed-andyoumaybesurprisedbytheuniversalconnectiontheyinspire.G)ThisisessentiallyhowJessicaHagystartsherday.TheauthorofHowtoBeInteresting:AnInstructionManual,Hagyspendsalotoftimethinkingaboutwhat'sinterestingtoher.People

whoareinterestingarepersistentlycurious,shesays.H)Thinkabouttheeverydaythingsaroundyouandaskquestionsaboutthem.WhatisthatroadsidemonumentIseeonmywaytoworkeveryday?Whobuiltthatinterestingbuildinginmycity?Whatnearbyattractionshaven'tIvisited?Whydopeopledothingsthatway?Usewhatyoufindtoaskmorequestionsandlearnmoreabouttheworldaroundyou."Havingthatsortofcuriosityisalmostlikeaprotectivegearfromgettingintoboredom,"shesays.Andwhenyoufindthingsthataretrulyinterestingtoyou,sharethem.I)TelevisionveteranAudreyMorrissey,executiveproducerofNBC'sTheVoice,isalwayslookingforwhatwillmakeapersonorstoryinterestingtoviewers:It'susuallyamatterofindividuality."Havingastrongpointofview,signaturestyle,orbeingasuper-enthusiastinaparticularfieldmakessomeoneinteresting,"shesays.Thatmeansembracingwhatistrulyinterestingoruniqueaboutyourself."Manypeopleare"notboring'inthewaythattheycancarryaconversationorcanbegoodatasocialgathering,etc.Tobeinterestingmeansthatyouhavelivedlife,takenrisks,traveled,soughtoutexperiencetolearnforyourselfandsharewithothers,"shesays.J)Ofcourse,it'spossibletobeafountainofknowledgeandaboringperson,sayspublicrelationsconsultantAndreaPass.Payingattentiontothelistenerisanimportantpartofhavingaconversationthat'sinterestingtobothparties.Talkingonandonaboutwhat'sinterestingtoyouisn'tgoingtomakeyouaninterestingperson,shesays.K)"Ifthelistenerisnotpayingattention,it'syoursigntoshortenthestoryorchangedirection.Makesuretobringtheaudienceintotheconversationsothatitisnotone-sided,"Passsays.Beabetterlisteneryourself,andgiveothersopportunitiestoparticipateintheconversationbyinvitingthemwithquestionsorrequeststosharetheirownexperiencesorthoughts.(e.g.,"Now,tellmeaboutyourfavoritebook,"or"Haveyoueverbeentothatattraction?")Questionsareapowerfultool,especiallywhentheyencourageotherstodiscloseinformationaboutthemselves.A2012studyfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,foundthatroughly40%ofthetimewearetalking,we'redisclosingsubjectiveinformationaboutourexperience.Andwhenwe'redoingso,ourbrainsaremoreengaged.Soonestrategytoleaveotherswiththeimpressionthatyou'reasparklingconversationpartneristogetotherstotalkaboutthemselves.L)Beingrelatableisalsoessential,Morrisseysays."Thebestentertainmentandstorytellingcomesfrompeoplewhoarerelatable-thosewhodon'tshyawayfromopeningupbutfreelysharewhotheyareandwhattheycareabout.Thesearethepeppleviewersmostrelatetoandfindinteresting.Beingauthentic,honest,andvulnerableisalwaysinteresting."M)Ihavenowcometorealizethatbeingboring,inactuality,isnotonlyaboutwhoyouareasa

person,butalsohowyoupresentyourself.Nomatterwhat,makesurevouarehavingfuninlife.Becausewhenyouareenjoying,peoplearoundyouwillbegintoenioyaswell.Showsomeinterestinthemandtheywilldefinitelyshowsomeinyou.Ifyouareaveryreservedperson,thiscouldbealittledifficultatfirst.Butwithalittleeffort,youcandefinitelyimprove.36.Pirsonclaimsthatsomeordinarythingsmayoftenprovetobemiraculouslyinteresting.37.Tomakeaconversationinteresting,itisimportantthatyoulistentotheotherpartyattentively.38.Apersonwhoisunabletostimulateothers'curiosityormaketheirlifeenjoyablemayappearsomewhatboring39.Interestingpeopleusuallypossesscertainuniquequalities,accordingtoaTVprogramproducer40.Beinterestedinothersandtheyaresuretobeinterestedinyou.41.Theauthorconsidershimselfusuallygoodatconductingconversations.42.Interestingpeoplearealwaysfullofcuriosity.43.Fallingintoaroutinecanturnapersonintoanutterbore.44.Onestrategytobeagoodconversationalististomotivateyourpartnertotelltheirownstories.45.Interestingasitmightappear,amade-upconversationwillprobablyturnouttobedull.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Withobesitynowaffecting29%ofthepopulationinEngland,andexpectedtoriseto35%by2030,shouldwenowrecogniseitasadisease?Obesity,inwhichexcessbodyfathasaccumulatedtosuchanextentthathealthmaybeadverselyaffected,meetsthedictionarydefinitionofdisease,arguesProfessorJohnWilding.Hepointsoutthatmorethan200genesinfluenceweight."Thusbodyweightisstronglyinfluencedbybiology-itisnotanindividual'sfaultiftheydevelopobesity."Yetthewidespreadviewisthatobesityisself-inducedandthatitisentirelytheindividual'sresponsibilitytodosomethingaboutit.Recognisingobesityasachronicdiseasewithseverecomplicationsratherthanalifestylechoice"shouldhelpreducethestigma(恥辱)anddiscriminationexperiencedbymanypeoplewithobesity,"headds.ProfessorWildingdisagreesthatlabellingahighproportionofthepopulationashavingadiseaseremovespersonalresponsibilityormayoverwhelmhealthservices,pointingoutthatothercommondiseases,suchashighbloodpressureanddiabetes,requirepeopletotakeactiontomanage

theircondition.Hesuggeststhatmostpeoplewithobesitywilleventuallydevelopcomplications.“Butunlessweacceptthatobesityisadisease,wearenotgoingtobeabletotackleit,"heconcludes.ButDr.RichardPile,aphysicianwithaspecialinterestindiabetes,arguesthatadoptingthisapproach"couldactuallyresultinworseoutcomesforindividualsandsociety."Hebelievesthatthedictionarydefinitionofdisease"issovaguethatwecanclassifyalmostanythingasadisease"andsaysthequestionisnotwhetherwecan,butwhetherweshould,andtowhatend.Iflabellingobesityasadiseasewasharmlessthenitwouldn'treallymatter,hewrites.Butlabellingobesityasadisease"risksreducingautonomy,disempoweringandrobbingpeopleoftheintrinsic（內(nèi)在的）motivationthatissuchanimportantenablerofchange."What'smore,makingobesityadiscase"maynotbenefitpatients,butitwillbenefithealthcareprovidersandthepharmaceutical（制藥的）industrywhenhealthinsuranceandclinicalguidelinespromotetreatmentwithdrugsandsurgery,"hewarns46.WhatdoesProfessorJohnWildingargueaboutobesity?A)Itsimpactonsocictyisexpectedtorise.B)Itisnowtoowidespreadtobeneglected.C)Itshouldberegardedasagencticdisease.D)Itsdictionarydefinitionshouldbeupdated47.Whatisthepopularviewofobesity?A)Itisdifficulttodefine.B)Itisamoderndisease.C)Ithasmuchtodowithone'sgenes.D)Itresultsfromalackofself-control48.Whyaresomepeopleopposedtolabellingobesityasadisease?A)Obesepeoplewouldnotfeelresponsibletotakeanyaction.B)Obesepeoplewouldnotbeabletoaffordthemedicalcosts.C)Obesepeoplewouldbeoverwhelmedwithanxiety.D)Obesepeoplewouldbediscriminatedagainst.49.WhatdoesDr.RichardPilethinkofthedictionarydefinitionofdisease?A)Itisofnouseinunderstandingobesity.C)Ithelpslittletosolvepatients'problems.B)Itistooinclusiveandthuslacksclarity.D)Itmatterslittletothedebateoverobesity.50.WhatisDr.RichardPile'sconcernaboutclassifyingobesityasadisease?A)Itmayaffectobesepeople'squalityoflife.

B)Itmayacceleratethespreadofobesity.C)Itmaycauseashortageofdoctors.D)Itmaydolittlegoodtopatients.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Nationwide,onlyaboutthreepercentofearlychildhoodteachersaremaleintheU.S.Expertssaythiscanhaveanimpactonyoungchildrenwhoseunderstandingofgenderrolesandidentityarerapidlyforming.Researchhasfoundthathavingaccesstodiverseteachersisbeneficialforchildren.Fortheyoungestlearners,itmeanstheyaremorelikelytogetexposedtodifferentvarietiesofplayandcommunication.Italsohelpsthemdevelophealthyideasaroundgender."Inourworldandoursociety,wehaveveryspecificstereotypes（模式化形象）ofgenderroles,"saidMindiReich-Shapiro,anassistantprofessorintheteachereducationdepartmentoftheBoroughofManhattanCommunityCollege,andoneoftheauthorsofarecentstudy."It'simportantforchildrentoseeotherpossibilitiesandotherpathstheycantake."Despitemostlyfeelingsupportedbycolleaguesandfamilymembers,manyofthemaleeducatorssurveyedinthestudyreportedfacingsocialorculturalresistanceintheircareersascarlyeducationteachers.Somealsoreportedthattherewereparentssurprisedorconcernedthattheirchildhadamaleteacher.Andtheyhadbeenadvisedbycolleaguesorotherstaffnottohugchildren.Reich-Shapiroandfellowresearchersmadeseveralrecommendationstoincreasemalerepresentationinthefield.Lowpayhaslongbeenacknowledgedasamajorissueintheearlychildhoodfield.Over70%ofmaleeducatorswhosaidtheyintendedtostayinthecarlyeducationworkforcenotedanincreasedsalarywasamajormotivatingfactorforthemtocommittothecareerlong-term.Thereportsuggestspayingallearlychildhoodeducatorsthewayelementaryschoolteachersarepaid.Citiesandprogr