新教材2025版高中英語Unit2BridgingCultures單元測試新人教版選擇性必修第二冊

UNIT2BRIDGINGCULTURES(滿分：120分建議用時：120分鐘)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2．5分，滿分37.5分)A(2024·全國新高考Ⅰ卷)GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90－100，A;80－89，B;70－79，C;60－69，D;Below60，E．Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1＝10%;Essay2＝15%;Essay3＝15%;Essay4＝20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard，ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In－ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday，butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin－classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass’lecture/discussion，soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally，fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome，bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate，itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.()1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atextbook. B．Anexampaper.C．Acourseplan. D．Anacademicarticle.()2．Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.()3．Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A．Youwillreceiveazero. B．Youwilllosealettergrade.C．Youwillbegivenatest. D．Youwillhavetorewriteit.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了文學概論課程評分方法。1．C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章標題“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文學概論課程評分方法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章將構(gòu)成本課程評分的主要部分)…”可知，文章介紹了文學概論課程評分方法，可得出本文是出自一個課程安排。故選C項。2．B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)黑體小標題“Essays(60%)”“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/In－ClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知，學生的最終成果由三部分組成。故選B項。3．A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate，itwillearnazero(假如沒有在截止日期后的第4天上交，將會得到零分).”可知，假如在截止日期后一周才交文章，你將會得零分。故選A項。BNowmorethan40millionforeignersaroundtheworldarelearningChinese,accordingtoareport.TherelationshipbetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantintheworld.ThishasreallyinfluencedthegrowthofChineselanguagelearningintheUS.IamChrisfromtheUnitedStates.IamoneofthemanypeoplewhoarelearningChinese.IamstudyingataConfuciusInstituteinNewYork.Thereare10studentsinourclass.Someareoverthirtyyearsold.Somearemiddleschoolstudents.OurteachercomesfromBeijing.HeisfunandoftentellsusinterestingthingsinChina.IthinkChineseisdifficulttolearn.ThebiggestchallengeforAmericanlearnersisthewriting.Chineseiscompletelydifferentfromanyotherlanguageintheworld.ItwilltakemealotoftimetolearnenoughChinesecharacters.ButIthinktherearemanybenefitsofspendingtimeinlearningChinese.Oneimportantbenefitisthatitmakesmeseethingsfromadifferentpointofview,becauseChineseissuchadifferentlanguagefromEnglish.IthinkforAmericanstudentsthemostimportantbenefitisthatlearningachallenginglanguagecanopenuptheireyes.()4．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．ChrisisanAmerican B．ChrisisthirtyyearsoldC．ChrishasbeentoChina D．ChrisisinChinanow()5．________isthemostdifficultthingofthelanguageforforeignersaccordingtothewriter.A．Listening B．SpeakingC．Reading D．Writing()6．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Morethan40millionAmericansarelearningChinese.B．Chris’ChineseteacherisaChinese.C．ChristhinkstherearefewbenefitsoflearningChinese.D．Mostforeignersdon’tthinkit’sdifficulttolearnChinese.()7．Thelastparagraphismainlyabout________.A．thedifferencesbetweenChineseandotherlanguagesB．thereasonforlearningChineseC．waysoflearningChineseD．thechallengesandbenefitsoflearningChinese【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文介紹了一個美國人克里斯正在學漢語的狀況，講解并描述了他學漢語遇到的困難和他認為學漢語的好處。4．A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句話“IamChrisfromtheUnitedStates.”可以得知，克里斯是一個美國人，故A項正確。5．D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“ThebiggestchallengeforAmericanlearnersisthewriting.”可知，答案為D。6．B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第一句話中的“…morethan40millionforeigners…”可知，A選項錯誤；依據(jù)其次段最終兩句話可知B正確；依據(jù)其次段中的“ButIthinktherearemanybenefitsofspendingtimeinlearningChinese.”可知C項錯誤；依據(jù)最終一段第一句話可知D項錯誤。7．D段落大意題。通讀最終一段可知，最終一段講解并描述了學習漢語的挑戰(zhàn)和好處。CIfyouthinkEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven’tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheearlierpeoplelearnasecondlanguage,thegreatertheeffectis.AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL),tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals(懂兩種語言的人)”，whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensityinthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifferencewas.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage，”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWales,hasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.“Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible，”hesaid.“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesof2and34．Reading,writingandcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheearliertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld，”explainedthescientists.()8．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“greymatter”inParagraph2referto?A．Greyhair. B．Materialofthebrain.C．Intelligence. D．Difficultsituations.()9．Theexperienceoflearningasecondlanguagecan________.A．changeone’sbraincompletely B．improveone’smathsskillsC．makeonesmarterthanothers D．increasetheabilitytolearn()10．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．theresearchersfromUCLdidanotherstudyinItalyB．a(chǎn)similarstudywasdoneonnativeItalianspeakerswholearnEnglishasasecondlanguageC．theresearchdoneontheItaliansshowedatotallydifferentresultD．itwillbeeasierforonetotravelaroundtheworldbylearningasecondlanguage()11．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Learningasecondlanguagecanhelpimproveyourbrainpower.B．Youshouldlearnasecondlanguagethatisnotyournativelanguage.C．Ifyouwanttolearnasecondlanguage,youshoulddoitatacertainage.D．TheresearchdonebytheresearchersfromUCLisverysuccessful.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。通過種種探討發(fā)覺，學習其次語言可以讓人變得更聰慧，學習實力也更強。8．B詞義揣測題。依據(jù)短文其次段可知，這種灰色物質(zhì)屬于大腦加工信息的區(qū)域。9．D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文第七段中的“Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.”可知，學習其次語言可以提高人們學習的實力。10．B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文的最終一段可知，探討者的發(fā)覺在一項針對會其次種語言的本土意大利人身上得到印證。11．A主旨大意題。依據(jù)短文其次段第一句可知，選項A為最佳答案。D(2024·全國高考甲卷)Sometimeintheearly1960s，asignificantthinghappenedinSydney，Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then，oneafteranother，Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks，superbbeaches，andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds，acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s，pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine，andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak，Itoexplorethecity.“I’llmisstheseoldboats，”hesaidasweparted.“Howdoyoumean？”Iasked.“Oh，they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster，butthey’renotsoelegant，andthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress，Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays，changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號)，andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald，thecity’sofficialhistorian，toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s，Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast，includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself，”shesaid.“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(解決).”O(jiān)ntheotherhand，beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry，”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians，whentheycametoAustralia，brought2，000yearsoftheirculture，theGreekssome3，000years，andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”Heisright，butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.()12．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Sydney’sstrikingarchitecture.B．TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C．ThekeytoSydney’sdevelopment.D．Sydney’stouristattractionsinthe1960s.()13．WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A．Hegoestoworkbyboat. B．Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C．Hepilotscatamaranswell. D．Heisattachedtotheoldferries.()14．WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A．Itislosingitstraditions. B．Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C．Itshouldexpanditspopulation. D．Itisbecomingmoreinternational.()15．Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.B．Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C．Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D．Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者和悉尼人士的溝通介紹了悉尼發(fā)展中面臨的問題。12．C主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Sometimeintheearly1960s，asignificantthinghappenedinSydney，Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor(20世紀60年頭初，澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)覺了它的港口).”以及“Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity(但是是港口造就了城市).”可知，本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是港口。故選C項。13．D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“AndrewReynolds，acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s，pilotSydneyferryboatsforaliving(30歲出頭的AndrewReynolds是個歡樂的小伙子，他在悉尼擔當渡輪領(lǐng)航員為生).”第三段中的“I’llmisstheseoldboats(我會惦念這些舊船的).”以及第五段中的“Catamaransarefaster，butthey’renotsoelegant，andthey’renotfuntopilot(游艇更快，但它們不那么優(yōu)雅，駕駛起來也不好玩).”可知，渡輪領(lǐng)航員AndrewReynolds喜愛老式渡船。故選D項。14．A推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“ShirleyFitzgerald，thecity’sofficialhistorian，toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s，Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast，includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings(悉尼的官方歷史學家ShirleyFitzgerald告知我，在20世紀70年頭奔向現(xiàn)代化的過程中，悉尼把很多它的過去都拋在了一邊，包括很多最美麗的建筑).”可推知，ShirleyFitzgerald認為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A項。15．A推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Ontheotherhand，beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony(另一方面，同時既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當我遇到一位深思熟慮的年輕商人Anthony時，我考慮到了這一點).”以及最終一段中的“Heisright”可推知，作者贊同Anthony的觀點，認為一座城市可以同時既年輕又古老。故選A項。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2．5分，滿分12．5分)ReasonsforStudyingAbroadHaveyouconsideredstudyingabroad,butarenotsurewhetherit’sworthyourtime?Ifyouaskanybodywhohasstudiedabroad,heorshewillmostcertainlytellyouthatitisalife－changingexperienceandoneofthemostrewardingthingsheorshehaseverdone.__16____17__Ifyoudon’ttalkwithnativespeakers,ifyoudon’tsufferfromtheawkwardlanguage－barriersituationsthatfillthestudy－abroadexperience,you’renevergoingtobetrulyfluent.Thatsaid,youcanalsospendawholeyearabroadchattingonlywithotherEnglishspeakers.Ifyou’renotuncomfortable,you’redoingitwrong.Ah,globalization.Governmentsfinditincreasinglydifficulttoignorechallenges.__18__TheInternetslowlydissolvestheboundariesonmaps.Eventhesmallstart－upinyourhometownprefersbilingualemployees.Ifyouwanttostandoutintoday’sjobmarket,aninternationalperspectiveiscritical.Studyingabroadisnotashort－termexperience.__19__You’llknowthiscountry,learntospeakitslanguageandgainanappreciationforitspeople.Backhome,you’lllookforfilmsfromthere,forrestaurantsthatserveitsdishes,forbooksbyitsauthors.You’llcomealivewhenit’smentionedonthenewsorwhenyouhearapieceofitslanguageonthestreet.Youhavelivedinit，anditwillcontinuetoliveinyou.Eventhemostopen－mindedstudentswhoarestudyingabroadwillbeunabletoavoidcomparingtheirhostcountrywiththeirhomecountry.__20__Ifyou’refeelingboredaboutwhereyoucomefrom,beingawaywillawakenyoutoallthewaysthathomeisprettygreat.A．Andsometimes,homejustwins.B．Itwillshapeyoufortherestofyourlife.C．Studyingabroadcanbedifficultbutalsogreatlyrewarding.D．Transnationalcorporationschasemarketsacrosstheplanet.E．Youcanstudyalanguagefromjuniorhighschooltocollegegraduationandnevergainfluency.F．There’snoquickerwaytodiscomfortyourhostorkillanewfriendshipthantoturndownthefoodtheyoffertosharewithyou.G．Hereareseveralreasonsforstudyingabroadthatmightjustconvinceyouthatstudyingabroadisthebestthingyoucandowhileincollege.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文為說明文，主要講解并描述了出國留學的四大理由。16．G第一段是導(dǎo)入段，本文主要講解并描述了出國學習的幾大理由，故G項符合文章大意。17．E其次段主要講解并描述了出國留學的最大好處——會讓你真正流暢地運用所學的語言，故E項符合題意。18．D經(jīng)濟全球化是趨勢，各國的企業(yè)和公司須要雙語人才，D項“跨國公司在全球爭奪市場”符合上下文語境。19．B依據(jù)本段第一句和下文的“Backhome，you’lllookfor…”可知，留學的經(jīng)驗和影響會伴隨你的一生，故B項符合題意。20．A留學生會把留學所在國與自己的祖國進行比較，有時，祖國會勝出，故A項符合題意。其次部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)Asawhaleresearcher,NanHauserhasbeenawardedtheinternationaltitleof“EarthAmbassador”.Whilemanylocalpeoplehadheardofthis__21__,itwasanencounter(邂逅)thatwouldmakeherknownworldwide.Onedayin2017,Nanwasshootingsomevideoswiththewhales,whenthemostremarkablething__22__.Assheswamalongsidethem,theybegantodisplay__23__signsthatdangerwasnear.Suddenly,shesawawhaleswimtowardsheratfullspeed.Justas__24__hit,oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsbackandoutofrangeof…notawhalebutatigershark.Afterthesharkdisappeared,thewhale__25__accompaniedNanbacktoherboat.Sheclimbedaboardandyelledherappreciationtothe__26__.Afterafewminutes,thewhaledisappeared,andNansaidgoodbye,feeling__27__forthislifetimeencounter.Almostayearlater,Nanreceivedacallfromafishermansayingthathe__28__whalesintheharbor.Couldherwhalefriendhave__29__?Shejumpedontoaboatquickly.Naninstantly__30__herfriend,anddivedintothewatertoswimwithhim.AfterNan’sencounter,she__31__withhowbestshecouldthankthewhale.Afterall,its__32__tohugsomethingmuchlargerthanyou.Sowhat’sthemost__33__waytothankawhale?It’sbycaring,learningmoreaboutthem,and__34__theirhabitat.Asforus,wecanhelpinsmallways.Forexample,__35__singleuseplasticswillmakeadifference.()21．A．chemist B．physicistC．geologistD．biologist()22．A．happened B．a(chǎn)pproachedC．bust D．escaped()23．A．rescuing B．warningC．waiting D．recommending()24．A．excitement B．panicC．surprise D．disappointment()25．A．really B．clearlyC．safely D．rudely()26．A．woman B．boatC．shark D．whale()27．A．proud B．gratefulC．hopeful D．pitiful()28．A．spotted B．pleasedC．targeted D．tracked()29．A．welcomed B．sufferedC．returned D．refreshed()30．A．waved B．greetedC．realized D．recognized()31．A．combined B．struggledC．a(chǎn)rgued D．connected()32．A．pretty B．funnyC．tricky D．vital()33．A．influential B．particularC．logical D．incredible()34．A．creating B．protectingC．surrounding D．establishing()35．A．donating B．exchangingC．throwing D．a(chǎn)bandoning【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了海洋生物學家NanHauser與一頭鯨魚之間的故事。過去30年，她見過多數(shù)頭鯨魚，但有一頭鯨魚在她心里始終有個特別的位置。21．D考查名詞辨析。依據(jù)上文的“Asawhaleresearcher”和下文的內(nèi)容可知，NanHauser是一位海洋生物學家，與一頭鯨魚的偶遇讓她著名于世。故選D項。22．A考查動詞辨析。在2017年的一天，正值她在海中拍攝鯨魚時，發(fā)生了不同尋常的事。故選A項。23．B考查動詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的“thatdangerwasnear”和“Suddenly,shesawawhaleswimtowardsheratfullspeed”可知，鯨魚發(fā)出了危急迫近的警告信號。故選B項。24．B考查名詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的“hit”和“oneofthewhalesuseditsfintopushNanontoitsback”可知，NanHauser心里感到特別恐慌。故選B項。25．C考查副詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的“accompaniedNanbacktoherboat”可知，這頭鯨魚把她平安地護送回她的船上。故選C項。26．D考查名詞辨析。依據(jù)上文的“yelledherappreciation”和下文的“feeling________forthislifetimeencounter”可知，鯊魚消逝之后，她對這頭鯨魚大聲喊著感謝的話。故選D項。27．B考查形容詞辨析。依據(jù)第一段的“itwasanencounter(邂逅)thatwouldmakeherknownworldwide”和上文“yelledherappreciationtothe________”可知，她對這次偶遇心存感恩，她也特別感謝這頭鯨魚。故選B項。28．A考查動詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的“whalesintheharbor”可知，當?shù)貪O民打電話說他望見海灣有鯨魚出沒。故選A項。spotted意為“認出，發(fā)覺”。29．C考查動詞辨析。依據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可知，NanHauser在想：是不是救過她的那頭鯨魚回來了。故選C項。30．D考查動詞辨析。依據(jù)上文的“Shejumpedontoaboatquickly.”和“instantly”可知，NanHauser瞬間認出了救她的那頭鯨魚。故選D項。31．B考查動詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，與那頭鯨魚相遇之后，NanHauser心里在想要如何感謝它。故選B項。strugglewith意為“努力想”。32．C考查形容詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的“tohugsomethingmuchlargerthanyou”可知，要想擁抱這頭鯨魚可得費一番工夫，終歸鯨魚比人的體格大得多。故選C項。tricky意為“困難的”。33．A考查形容詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的“It’sbycaring，learningmoreaboutthem,and________theirhabitat.”可知，NanHauser認為感謝鯨魚最有影響力的方法是多了解、呵護它們并愛護好它們的棲息地。比較選項可知，A項符合。故選A項。influential意為“有影響力的”。34．B考查動詞辨析。依據(jù)上題的解析可知，這里是指“呵護它們并愛護好它們的棲息地”。故選B項。35．D考查動詞辨析。依據(jù)下文的“singleuseplasticswillmakeadifference”可知，不運用一次性塑料將會有助于愛護鯨魚。故選D項。abandoning意為“放棄，拋棄”。其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1．5分，滿分15分)(2024·云南玉溪高二檢測)Tochangebadhabitsisnevereasy，evenwithmany36．________(attempt).Thereisafamoussaying37．________(base)onthephilosophyofAristotle:“Wearewhatwe38．________(repeat)do.”Inmanyways，ourlifestyleisthesumofchoiceswehavemade.Wemakeachoicetodosomething，andthenwerepeatitoverandoveragain.Soonthatchoicebecomesautomaticandformsahabitthatismuch39．________(hard)tochange.Thegoodnews40．________(be)thatwecanchange，ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature?Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”，41．________hastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man－made”greenhouseeffect.The“natural”greenhouseeffectreferstothefact42．________heatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort－waveradiation.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide，trapsomeoftheheat,43．________(keep)Earth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.Withoutthisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However，the“man－made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergy44．________(trap)intheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperature45．________(rise)quickly.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了全球平均地表溫度上升的緣由及過程，號召人們通過變更日常習慣來改善環(huán)境。36．a(chǎn)ttempts考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：變更壞習慣從來不是簡單的，即使做了很多嘗試。依據(jù)句子中的many可知，此處須要運用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填attempts。37．based考查非謂語動詞。句意：有一句出自亞里士多德哲學的名言。依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處base為非謂語動詞作定語，修飾名詞saying，因saying與base是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，因此須要運用過去分詞形式，故填based。38．repeatedly考查副詞。句意：我們不斷重復(fù)的行為造就了我們。依據(jù)所給句子可知，此處須要運用副詞修飾動詞do，故填repeatedly。39．harder考查形容詞比較級。句意：很快，這種選擇就會自然而然地形成一種更難以變更的習慣。依據(jù)句子中的much及句意可知，此處表達比較級概念“更難變更”，故填harder。40．is考查主謂一樣。句意：好消息是，假如我們了解習慣是如何起作用的，我們是可以變更的。依據(jù)句子主語news為不行數(shù)名詞可知，此處須要運用謂語動詞單數(shù)形式，故填is。41．which考查定語從句。句意：氣候?qū)W家常常提到一個被稱為“溫室效應(yīng)”的關(guān)鍵氣候過程，它有兩個一般的含義。依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為“greenhouseeffect”，先行詞在從句中充當主語，因此須要運用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。42．that考查同位語從句。句意：自然溫室效應(yīng)指的是來自太陽的熱量進入大氣層，以短波輻射的形式使地球表面變暖。分析句子可知，此處須要運用連詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用以說明說明主句中的fact。故填that。43．keeping考查非謂語動詞。句意：大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，依據(jù)會留住一部分熱量，使地球氣候保持溫溫煦宜居。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處keep為非謂語動詞作狀語，因主語“greenhousegases”與keep是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，因此須要運用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填keeping。44．istrapped考查被動語態(tài)。句意：更多的熱能被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度快速上升。依據(jù)句子主語“heatenergy”與動詞trap是動賓關(guān)系可知，此處須要運用被動語態(tài)，故填istrapped。45．torise考查非謂語動詞。句意：更多的熱能被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度快速上升。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處rise為非謂語動詞作賓補，結(jié)合短語“cause…todo…”意為“致使”可知，此處須要運用不定式，故填torise。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假設(shè)你是學生會主席李華。一批來自英國的中學生與你校學生開展了為期兩周的溝通活動?，F(xiàn)在，他們即將回國，你將在歡送會上致辭。請依據(jù)以下提示寫一篇發(fā)言稿。內(nèi)容包括：1．回顧雙方的溝通活動(如學習、生活、體育、文藝等方面)；2．談?wù)勈斋@或感想；3．表達祝福與期望。留意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearfriends，Howtimeflies！________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou.Yours，LiHua【答案】OnepossibleversionDearfriends，Howtimeflies！Twoweekshavepassedsinceyoucametoourschoolfortheexchangeprogramme,whichweallhavebenefitedfrom.Duringthesetwoweeks,wehavestudiedandlivedtogether,whichgivesustheopportunitytopromoteourfriendship.Doingsportsasateamhasenabledustoknoweachotherbetter.Yourartskillsareexcellentandadmirable,whichleavesmeadeepimpression.Ithinkallourclassmateshavelearnedalotfromourcommunicationandthevariousactivities.Now,onbehalfofmyschoolmates,Iwishyouasafereturn.Ialsohopethattherewillbemoreeventsofthiskindinthefuture.Thankyou.Yours，LiHua其次節(jié)(滿分25分)Johnwaswaitingforthegirlwhoseheartheknew,butwhosefacehedidn’t.Thirteenmonthsago,inaFloridalibraryhetookabookrandomlyofftheshelfandtookgreatinterestinthenotesinthemargin(頁邊空白).Thefurtherheread,themoreintrigued(著迷)hewasbythenotes.Thesofthandwritingreflectedathoughtfulsoulandinsightfulandprofoundmind.Johncouldn’thelppicturinginhismindwhatkindofpeopletheownerwouldbe.Infrontofthebook,hediscoveredthepreviousowner’sname,MissHollisMaynell.Withextremedelight,hecouldn