外研版高中英語選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit5 Part2 Using language練習(xí)含答案

Unit5RevealingnaturePart2Usinglanguage基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Franklyspeaking,theairplanecrashcasta(巨大的)shadowontravellers.

2.Itisdistinctthatnothisteacherbutthestudenthimselfisto(責(zé)怪)forthefailureintheexam.

3.(2023福建福州月考)Visitorstothebasecanseethepandasintheirnaturalenvironmentandlearnabouttheirunique(特征).

4.Bycontrast,theconditionsintheschoolwerefairly(原始的),noelectricityandnobasicteachingtoolsavailable.

5.Itisreportedthatthenumberoftouriststothetouristattraction(減少)by10%lastyear.

6.ChinaTodayattractsawreadership,whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.

Ⅱ.單元語法專練題型(一)1.Itwasthefirsttimethathe(meet)sostrangeaman.

2.Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseit(start)whenIarrived.

3.Silk(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.

4.Theoldoaktreewhich(stand)intheyardfor300years,suddenlyfell.

5.I(hope)totakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasntabletogetaway.

6.Sarah(tell)thatshecouldbeBritainsnewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.

7.He(enter)theroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.

8.(2020江蘇)InsteadofgettingdowntoanewtaskasI(expect),heexaminedthepreviousworkagain.

9.Itwasreallytiresome!AssoonasI(put)thephonedown,itrangagain.

10.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey(drive)afewmorekilometers.

題型(二)WhentheTitanicwasbuilt,peoplethoughtitwouldneversink.So,whenit1(sink)onitsfirstjourney,thenewssurprisedeveryonegreatly.

TheTitanicsetsailfromEnglandonApril10,1912.Onthefifthdayofitsvoyage,whenit2(sail)atfullspeedtowardsNewYork,ithitaniceberg.Thecaptain,who3(receive)warningsabouticebergs,4(dismiss)thewarnings.At2:20am,theTitanicsankintothesea.It5(hit)anicebergjustovertwohoursbeforethedisaster.Morethan1,500peoplelosttheirlives,andonly710people6(survive).ExplorerRobertBallard7(search)fortheTitanicforyearsbeforehefoundit.Withhiscameras,Robertmanagedtogetphotosoftheholesalongthesideoftheshipwhich8(cause)ittosink.

1.2.3.

4.5.6.

7.8.

能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024成都樹德中學(xué)期中)Plantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves,andothersgeneratechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem—allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantpreparepreemptive(先發(fā)制人的)defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrrockoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayed(噴灑)snailslime—aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong—ontosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme(酶),whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals.“Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked,”O(jiān)rrocksays.“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningsimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungrycaterpillars(毛蟲),whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.“Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,”saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.ThefindingthatasnailsapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,”Karbansays.“Theresearchwascomprehensive,”headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“Thatsthemillion-dollarquestion,”O(jiān)rrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillfindoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.1.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidontosoilneartomatoplantsto.

A.givethemawarningB.makethemgrowbetterC.keepplant-eatinganimalsawayD.informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger2.Whyistheexampleof“caterpillars”mentionedinParagraph3?A.Tointroduceanotheranimal.B.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals.D.Toanalyzedifferentresistancechemicals.3.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow?A.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.B.Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WatchfulPlantsB.GreedyAnimalsC.ASnailsApproachD.DefenseAgainstanAttackⅡ.七選五(2023浙江A9協(xié)作體期中)WhyDoDogsRollintheGrass?Ifyourdogisanythinglikemine,shelovesrollingaroundinapatchofgrasswhenevershegetsachance.Anditalwayscracksmeuptowatchmydog,Nala,havethetimeofherlife.1Isshecoolingherselfoff?Isshejustsuperhappy?Whatcoulditbe?Herearesomeofthemostcommonexplanationsbehindthisbehavior.

2Itsimportanttorememberhowincrediblypowerfulyourdogsnoseis.Theyarepickinguponhundredsofsubtlescents(氣味)thatwecantevencomprehend!Sometimestheywanttoenjoyascenttheyvefoundinthegrassandwillrollaroundinittodojustthat.

Shescoolingherselfoff.3Itmightevenbealittlewetfromasprinkler—theperfectplaceforyourdogtocooloffin.

Shescoveringupherownscent.Theresanotherreasonwhyyourpupmayberollingaroundinthatpatchofgrass.Someexpertsholdtheviewthatdogsmayrollaroundinthegrasstocovertheirownscent.4

Shesscratchinganitch(撓癢).Itsgoodtoruleoutanyallergiesandmakesureyourdogisntrollingquicklytoscratchaconstantlyitchybackorside,butotherwise,itsprobablynormalthatsheshavingagoodtime.5Imnotsureaboutyou,butnowImeventhinkingaboutjoiningminenexttime.

A.Sheshavingfun.B.Shesenjoyingasmell.C.ButIvealwayswonderedwhysheactuallydoesit.D.Ifitsaparticularlyhotday,thegrassmaylookextraappealingtoyourdog.E.Itisnotuncommontoseedogsrollingaroundinthegrassatparticulartimesoftheyear.F.Inotherwords,theywanttosmellliketheenvironmentsotheydontscareoffprey(獵物).G.Ifyounoticeyourdogrollingaroundinthegrass,itsprobablyjustherhavingthebesttimeever.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅲ.完形填空(2024四川涼山州安寧河聯(lián)盟期中)Manyyearsago,Ihadanunforgettableexperience.AsIwalkedthroughthefarmers1,myeyeswereimmediatelydrawntoabasketofstrangefruits,almostalien-lookingfruits.Theywereafarcryfromtheperfectlyshiny,roundthingswewereusedtoseeinginsupermarkets.Feelingcurious,I2thesellerandaskedaboutthesestrangefruits.

Witha3smile,thesellerexplainedthatthese4wereheirloomvarieties(傳家寶品種),whichwere5throughgenerations.Theymaynot6societysstandards(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))ofbeauty,buttheirwonderfultastewas7bythosewhoenjoyedthetruenatureoffood.BecauseIwas8aboutthesellersenthusiasticexplanation,Idecidedtogivethematry.

Aswe9thestrangefruits,wefelttheywereincrediblydeliciousandmadeusfeelreallyhappy.Eachbitewasburstingwithanintensityoftastewehadnever10before.Thefruitswerejuicy,sweet,andpossessedthecomplexitythatstayedonourtongues.Itwasasiftheyheldtheveryessenceofnaturespresents.

Thisencountertaughtusa(n)11lessonabouttheimportanceoflookingbeyondthefruits12andembracingthebeautyof13.Inaworldfilledwithuniformity(一致性),wehad14thetruevalueofuniqueness.Theseuntraditionalfruitswereareminderthat15andqualityoftenexistintheunexpected.

1.A.houseB.fieldC.marketD.garden2.A.believedB.approachedC.punishedD.found3.A.bitterB.warmC.strangeD.cold4.A.fruitsB.plantsC.flowersD.trees5.A.lookedforB.talkedaboutC.givenupD.passeddown6.A.meetB.maintainC.generateD.break7.A.improvedB.suspectedC.appreciatedD.forgot8.A.nervousB.anxiousC.uneasyD.curious9.A.boughtB.ateC.harvestedD.grew10.A.experiencedB.rememberedC.likedD.covered11.A.boringB.meaninglessC.valuableD.imaginative12.A.qualityB.appearanceC.originD.price13.A.lifeB.simplicityC.artD.imperfection14.A.doubtedB.addedC.discoveredD.stressed15.A.colorB.costC.weightD.taste答案與分層梯度式解析Unit5RevealingnaturePart2Usinglanguage基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.giant2.blame3.characteristics4.primitive5.declined6.worldwideⅡ.題型(一)1.hadmet句意:這是他第一次遇見如此奇怪的人。在“Itwasthefirsttimethat...”句型中,that從句常用過去完成時(shí)。2.hadstarted句意:我發(fā)現(xiàn)講座難聽懂,因?yàn)槲业竭_(dá)時(shí)它已經(jīng)開始了。“到達(dá)”是過去的動(dòng)作,“講座開始”發(fā)生在“我到達(dá)”之前,表示“過去的過去”,應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。3.hadbecome句意:到公元前一百年左右,絲綢已經(jīng)成為絲綢之路沿線交易的主要商品之一。設(shè)空處作句子的謂語,時(shí)間狀語為“by+過去的時(shí)間”,故用過去完成時(shí)。4.hadstood句意:在院子里挺立了三百年的老橡樹突然倒了。stand表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在fell表示的動(dòng)作之前,故設(shè)空處用過去完成時(shí)。5.hadhoped句意:我本來希望今年度個(gè)假,但我沒法離開。hope、expect、suppose、think、want、intend等動(dòng)詞的過去完成時(shí)表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、設(shè)想或打算。6.wastold/hasbeentold句意:薩拉被告知她將成為英國(guó)新的超模,明年將賺一百萬美元。根據(jù)語境可知Sarah與tell之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。此處既可以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。7.entered句意:他進(jìn)入房間,打開燈讀晚報(bào)。分析句子可知,句中and連接三個(gè)并列的謂語動(dòng)詞。由turnedon和read可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),故填entered。8.hadexpected句意:他沒有像我期望的那樣著手做新的工作,而是又檢查了一遍先前的工作。根據(jù)句意可知,expect動(dòng)作發(fā)生在examined之前,表示“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時(shí)。9.hadput句意:真討厭!我剛把電話放下,它又響了。根據(jù)句意可知,從句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞rang所表示的動(dòng)作之前,故從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)使用過去完成時(shí),故填hadput。10.haddriven句意:如果他們?cè)俣嚅_幾千米,他們可能會(huì)找到更好的旅館。由句意可知,此處使用了與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣,if引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。題型(二)1.sank句意:因此,當(dāng)它第一次航行就沉沒時(shí),這個(gè)消息使每個(gè)人都大吃一驚。根據(jù)主句中的surprised可知此處講述過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。2.wassailing句意:在它航行的第五天,當(dāng)它全速駛向紐約時(shí),撞上了冰山。此處表示在過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。3.hadreceived句意:船長(zhǎng)收到了關(guān)于冰山的警告,(但)他沒理會(huì)這些警告。dismiss動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,receive動(dòng)作發(fā)生在dismiss之前,因此用過去完成時(shí)。4.dismissed句意見上題。根據(jù)語境可知此處是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。5.hadhit句意:它在災(zāi)難發(fā)生前兩個(gè)多小時(shí)撞上了冰山。根據(jù)上文“At2:20am,theTitanicsankintothesea.”可知hit動(dòng)作發(fā)生在sankintothesea之前,因此用過去完成時(shí)。6.survived句意:1,500多人喪生,只有710人幸存。根據(jù)并列分句中的lost可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。7.hadsearched/searched句意:探險(xiǎn)家羅伯特·巴拉德花了數(shù)年才找到泰坦尼克號(hào)。search動(dòng)作發(fā)生在found之前,因此可以用過去完成時(shí)。此外,before表示的先后關(guān)系非常明顯,所以此處用一般過去時(shí)也是對(duì)的。8.hadcaused句意:羅伯特設(shè)法用他的相機(jī)拍下了導(dǎo)致船下沉的船舷上的洞的照片。managed動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,cause動(dòng)作發(fā)生在managed之前,表示“過去的過去”,因此設(shè)空處用過去完成時(shí)。能力提升練Ⅰ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),一些植物可以在被攻擊前很好地感覺到攻擊者,這讓植物準(zhǔn)備了先發(fā)制人的防御,甚至可以對(duì)抗其他有害物種。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”可知,JohnOrrock在西紅柿植株附近的泥土上噴灑液體的目的是給予植物一種警告,讓它們能夠產(chǎn)生自我保護(hù)性反應(yīng)。故選A。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningsimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.(最初,Orrock發(fā)現(xiàn)這種防御方法對(duì)蝸牛有效;在最新的研究中,他的團(tuán)隊(duì)估量了這種黏液警告對(duì)另一種潛在威脅的影響。)”可推知,文中提到毛蟲的例子是為了驗(yàn)證這一點(diǎn),即確認(rèn)研究的結(jié)果。故選B。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem”可知,他想知道西紅柿植株是如何感受到蝸牛黏液中的化學(xué)物質(zhì),而這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)從未真正接觸過它們。由此可推斷出RichardKarban想知道西紅柿植株是如何感知危險(xiǎn)的,故選D。4.A主旨大意題。Para.1新的研究表明,一些植物能感知到動(dòng)物即將發(fā)動(dòng)的攻擊,并準(zhǔn)備好先發(fā)制人的防御。Para.2JohnOrrock的研究過程及其發(fā)現(xiàn)。Para.3以毛蟲為例,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證植物能產(chǎn)生防御。Para.4沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究的植物通信專家RichardKarban對(duì)這一發(fā)現(xiàn)感到好奇。Para.5Orrock希望未來的研究能夠找出使植物能夠感知這些相對(duì)較遠(yuǎn)的信號(hào)的機(jī)制。從各段落的主旨來看,本文主要介紹的是有關(guān)植物的科學(xué)研究,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)植物有對(duì)外在威脅或攻擊的自我保護(hù)性反應(yīng)。由此可知,A項(xiàng)“WatchfulPlants(警覺的植物)”適合作文章標(biāo)題?！靖哳l詞匯】1.layvt.產(chǎn)(卵);下(蛋)2.attackn.&v.攻擊3.defensen.防御4.measurev.測(cè)量;估量5.potentialadj.潛在的,可能的6.threatn.威脅7.appetiten.食欲8.beexposedto接觸;暴露于9.beinvolvedin參與【差距詞匯】1.curl(sth.)up(使)形成緊緊的卷曲狀2.droolv.垂涎;淌口水3.activatevt.激活4.mechanismn.機(jī)制;方法長(zhǎng)難句原句ThefindingthatasnailsapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.分析本句為主從復(fù)合句?！皌hatasnailsapproachcancauseaplantresponse”為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句,說明finding的內(nèi)容;“thataffectsadifferentanimal”為that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞aplantresponse;“aplantcommunicationsexpert”作RichardKarban的同位語;“whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy”為who引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞RichardKarban。譯文蝸牛的接近會(huì)引起植物的反應(yīng),影響到一種不同的動(dòng)物,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究的植物通信專家RichardKarban感到好奇。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了小狗在草地上打滾的原因。1.C過渡句。根據(jù)“Isshecoolingherselfoff?Isshejustsuperhappy?Whatcoulditbe?”可知,空后提出了一些問題,說明空處為作者一直在想為什么小狗要在草地上打滾。C項(xiàng)“但我一直想知道它到底為什么這么做?！狈险Z境。2.B主旨句。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知,本段介紹小狗在草地上打滾的原因之一是它們喜歡草地上的氣味。B項(xiàng)“它正在享受一種味道?！边m合作為本段的主旨句。B項(xiàng)中的“enjoyingasmell”和下文中的“enjoyascent”相呼應(yīng)。3.D細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后文可知,小狗在草地上打滾的原因之一是天氣熱的時(shí)候,草地上比較涼快。D項(xiàng)“如果天氣特別熱,草地可能會(huì)對(duì)你的狗特別有吸引力?！狈险Z境。D項(xiàng)中的“aparticularlyhotday”是前文中“coolingherselfoff”的原因。4.F細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)“Someexpertsholdtheviewthatdogsmayrollaroundinthegrasstocovertheirownscent.”可知,空處需要進(jìn)一步說明為什么小狗需要在草地上打滾來掩蓋自己的氣味。F項(xiàng)“換言之,它們想讓自己的味道聞起來像環(huán)境的味道,這樣就不會(huì)嚇跑獵物?！狈险Z境。5.G細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)“Imnotsureaboutyou,butnowImeventhinkingaboutjoiningminenexttime.”可知,此處總結(jié)狗在草地上玩的時(shí)候應(yīng)該是它最開心的時(shí)光。G項(xiàng)“如果你注意到你的狗在草地上打滾,那可能只是它有史以來最好的時(shí)光?！狈险Z境?！靖哳l詞匯】1.coolsb.off使某人感到?jīng)鏊?使冷靜2.incrediblyadv.難以置信地,非常地3.comprehendv.理解4.covervt.掩蓋5.uncommonadj.不常有的,罕見的【差距詞匯】1.cracksb.up使某人大笑起來2.pickupon領(lǐng)略;意會(huì);意識(shí)到3.ruleout排除Ⅲ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者在市場(chǎng)上偶然見到一種從未見過的水果,長(zhǎng)相奇怪卻味道香甜。作者感悟到我們要超越事物的外表,擁抱不完美的美。這些非傳統(tǒng)的水果提醒我們,味道和品質(zhì)往往存在于意想不到的地方。1.C根據(jù)下文“Feelingcurious,I2thesellerandaskedaboutthesestrangefruits.”可知,作者和賣水果的人交談,由此可知,作者是在農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)(market)上見到了一種奇異的水果。

2.B根據(jù)“askedaboutthesestrangefruits”可知,作者走到水果攤販面前,想要更多地了解這種水果。believe相信,認(rèn)為;approach靠近,接近;punish懲罰;find發(fā)現(xiàn)。3.B根據(jù)下文“BecauseIwas8aboutthesellersenthusiasticexplanation”可知,賣家很耐心地做了解答,說明賣家很熱情。enthusiastic一詞意為“熱情的,充滿激情的”,與warm意思相近。bitter令人痛苦的;strange奇怪的;cold冷漠的。

4.A根據(jù)第一段中“...myeyeswereimmediatelydrawntoabasketofstrangefruits,almostalien-lookingfruits.”及“askedaboutthesestrangefruits”可知,作者是向賣家詢問了解一種水果,賣家應(yīng)該是向作者介紹這種水果(fruits)。5.D根據(jù)空前“heirloomvarieties”及空后“throughgenerations”可知,這個(gè)水果品種是賣家家族代代傳承(passeddown)至今的。lookfor尋找;talkabout談?wù)?giveup放棄。6.A句意:它們可能不符合社會(huì)的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但它們美妙的味道卻被那些享受食物真正本質(zhì)的人欣