外研版高中英語選擇性必修第一冊Unit5 高考練含答案

Unit5Revealingnature高考練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2022全國甲,B)Goffinscockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對稱的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffinscockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffinscockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(線索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.1.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.2.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.3.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearnersC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters派生/合成詞匯1.shape-recognitionn.

2.skilln.技巧;技能→adj.技術好的,熟練的

3.keyholen.

4.recognizev.認識;承認;意識到→n.認出,認識;承認

5.selectvt.選擇;挑選→n.選擇;挑選;選拔

6.trial-and-error

7.entireadj.全部的,完全的→adv.全部地,完全地

8.lockv.鎖→v.(用鑰匙)開……的鎖

熟詞生義9.keepvt.

10.groupvt.

Ⅱ.七選五(2023全國乙)Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.1,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeopleswellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.Whatsmore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.

Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.2.

Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“3.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.4.

Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“5,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeopleslivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.PlantslikepeaceliliesanddevilsivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding1.2.3.4.5.

派生/合成詞匯1.wellbeingn.

2.houseplantn.

3.requirevt.需要;要求→n.需要;必需品;必備條件

4.rewardvt.獎勵,酬勞→adj.值得做的,有益的

答案與分層梯度式解析高考練Ⅰ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了原產(chǎn)于澳大拉西亞的戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡是技術高超的形狀分類專家。1.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment...thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped‘keys’...Insertingthecorrect‘key’wouldletoutthenut.”可知,籠中的鳥兒(戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡)被證明能熟練地使用工具,它們在實驗中是通過使用工具得到堅果的。2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage”可知,一歲左右的幼童可以把一個圓形的東西投進一個圓形的洞里,故可推知人類一歲幼童最有可能完成的任務是把一個球放進圓洞內(nèi)。3.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections”可知,研究人員下一步的目標是試驗鳳頭鸚鵡在形狀的選擇中是否也使用觸覺。4.D主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段第一句可知,文章主要說明了戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡具有形狀識別能力,是技術高超的形狀分類專家?！靖呖荚~匯站】1.形狀識別2.skilful/skillful3.鎖眼,鑰匙孔4.recognition5.selection6.反復試驗,不斷摸索7.entirely8.unlock9.養(yǎng),飼養(yǎng)10.把……分類/分組Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了室內(nèi)植物的定義、益處并給出了選擇室內(nèi)植物的建議。1.B細節(jié)句。設空處位于段中,考慮細節(jié)補充。根據(jù)空后的逗號可知,設空處所填內(nèi)容非整句,再結合逗號后的but可知,逗號前后內(nèi)容并列。瀏覽選項可以發(fā)現(xiàn),B項中的Notonly可以與but(省略了also)連用,表示“不僅……而且……”,代入原文后意義連貫,表示“它們不僅好看,而且研究表明它們能夠通過改善心情、減輕壓力和提高記憶力來提升人們的幸福感”。故選B。2.D細節(jié)句。設空處位于段尾,考慮細節(jié)補充或概括總結。前一句說在英國,尤其是在冬天,這些物種中有很多不太適合在室外生長。瀏覽選