Unit4NaturalDisasters重點(diǎn)單詞測(cè)試課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版

U4NaturalDisastersVocabularyUsageVocabulariesPart11.floodv.&n.2.rescuev.&n.3.damagev.&n.4.affectv.5.deathn.--diev.6.shelterv.&n.HeavyrainstorminZhengzhou-120July,2021,aserious________(洪水)hitZhengzhou.Inlessthan24hours,therisingwater________(淹沒(méi))__________(大量的)streetsandcars.一場(chǎng)特大洪水：aseriousflood大量的……：afloodof...=floodsof...淹沒(méi)……：floodsth.floodfloodedafloodofHeavyrainstorminZhengzhou-2Apartfromcities,ruralareashasbeenaffectedtoo.Duetoalackofcleanwater,manyvillagerswereaffectedbyseriousdiseases.Hundredsofmedicalworkerswereworkingdayandnighttowipeoutthevirus,whichaffectedthelocalsdeeply.--affectv.(1)影響(influence)(2)(疾病)侵襲/感染……(infect...)(3)感動(dòng)/打動(dòng)某人(move/touchsb...)affectv.=haveaneffecton...rescueTheseriousfloodaffectedmanyruralareas.=Theseriousfloodhadagreateffectonmanyruralareas.HeavyrainstorminZhengzhou--3Atfirst,localsvolunteerto_______(救援)thetrappedpeoplefromthedeepwater.Andsoonprofessional____________(救援人員)__________________(來(lái)救援他們)--從……救出某人：rescue(v.)sb.from...--救援某人：cometoone’srescue(n.)--救援人員/隊(duì)/努力:rescueworkers/teams/effortsrescuerescueworkerscametotheirrescueHeavyrainstorminZhengzhou--4Thisterribledisaster__________________(對(duì)……造成巨大損害)thelocallifeandeconomy,butpeople’sconfidencetorebuildtheirhomeland_________________(未被損毀).--對(duì)……造成巨大損失/損害cause/dogreatdamageto...--損害……damagesth

causedgreatdamagetohasn’tbeendamagedHeavyrainstorminZhengzhou--5Forthosewholosttheir__________(住所)andsufferedthe_______(die)oftheirlovedonesintheflood,rescuesoldiers__________________(建造了庇護(hù)所)forthemto__________________(保護(hù)他們免受)moreinjuries.--sheltern.居所/避難所

(1)……的居所/住所

ashelterfor...(2)為……建立避難所

setup/found/buildsheltersfor...--sheltervt.保護(hù)……(protect)

保護(hù)某人免受……sheltersb.from...sheltershavesetupsheltersshelterthemfromdeath“安得廣廈千萬(wàn)間，大庇天下寒士俱歡顏”

--杜甫WherecanIgettenthousandbroadshelterswithhugeroofsthatcanshelteralltheworld’spoorpeoplesothattheycanwearsmilingfacesVocabulariesPart21.ruinn.(inruins)&v.(與damage,destroy區(qū)別)2.shockn.&v.【一詞多義】3.electricityn.(adj.--electrical,electric)4.trapv.&n.【一詞多義】5.buryv.(beburiedin...)6.breathev.(n.--breath)7.effortn.8.sufferv.9.getbackuponone'sfeet10.Itseemedasif...1.ruinn.Inlessoneminute,alargecity_____________.Everywheresurvivorslooked,_______________________....anewTangshanwasbuiltuponthe________________.--成為廢墟/嚴(yán)重受損,破敗不堪

lie/beinruins(lie-lay-lain)Afterthewavecame,________________________(沙子城堡變?yōu)閺U墟).

【區(qū)分vt.】damage(損害;破壞),ruin(毀壞;破壞),destroy(摧毀,毀滅)layinruinstherewasnothingbutruinsearthquakeruinsthesandcastlelay/wasinruins意大利的古羅馬廢墟（theruinsofRome）1.Theroadwasdamagedbytheearthquake.側(cè)重“損”，可修復(fù)damagevt損害;損壞2.Don’tdamageyourhealthforagoodfigure.?

todamagesthsobadlythatitcannolongerbeusedornolongerexists.(1)HalfofhumansweredestroyedwhenThanossnapped.destroyvt

摧毀；毀滅

tokillananimalbecauseitisill,inpain,ordangerous宰殺，殺死（被病痛折磨或危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物）Theinfectedfowl(被感染的家禽)hadtobedestroyedinordertocontroltheepidemic.側(cè)重“毀”，無(wú)法修復(fù)雨水毀了我的發(fā)型Therainruinedmyhair.頭發(fā)還在，只是“美好的發(fā)型”被毀了。側(cè)重對(duì)“美好或希望中的事物”的破壞ruinv.毀壞；破壞；todamagesthsobadlythatitlosesallitsvalue,pleasure,etc.1.Thebuswasbadly_________________whenithitthewall.2.Thebuildingwascompletely______________byfire.3.Itpouredwithrainandmydressgot______________.

4.Thebadweather__________________(毀了我們的旅行).5.Anumberofpaintingsinthiscastlearebelievedto__________________(被毀掉)inafirein2009.ruindamagedestroydamageddestroyedruinedruinedourtriphavebeendestroyed2.shockn.Peoplewereinshock--andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.

人們驚恐萬(wàn)狀，然而臨近傍晚時(shí)分，又一次強(qiáng)烈的地震撼動(dòng)唐山。--inshock震驚，吃驚本意：沖擊；一物對(duì)一物的打擊a.沖擊波：b.觸電：c.精神打擊：d.(醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域)休克：e.文化沖擊:shockwaveelectricshockmentalshockshock(音譯)culturalshock2.shockv.使震驚;使氣憤a.她的無(wú)恥行為震驚了所有人。Hershamefulbehaviourshockedeveryone.b.Theyweredeeply____________bythe___________news.--shockedadj.震驚的，憤慨的shockingadj.令人震驚的，令人憎惡的shockedshocking3.electricityn./??lek?tr?s?ti/Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.沒(méi)有水和食物，電也停了。--斷電：

cutoffelectricity--發(fā)電：

make/produce/generateelectricity3.electricity/??lek?tr?s?ti/Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.沒(méi)有水和食物，電也停了?！綼dj.區(qū)分】electrical/??lektr?kl/electric/??lektr?k/a.electricalappliance(s)電器b.electriccooker/blanket/guitar

電飯煲；電熱毯；電吉他c.electricalengineer電力工程師electricalengineering電氣工程學(xué)Soonafterthequake,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigout

those

whoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊(duì)派出了15萬(wàn)名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中搶救出來(lái)，并掩埋了死者。4.trapv.&n.n.v.本意引申義(捕鳥獸)陷阱,夾子設(shè)陷阱捕捉(鳥獸)(陷害人)的圈套,詭計(jì);困境陷害；誘騙使……陷入困境;4.trapv.&n.a.Youhavefallenintoatrap.b.Havingbeentrappedinthetraffic,hewaslateforwork.c.Thecooksetatrapformice.d.Itrappedmycoatinthecardoor.e.Thefakeadvertisements(假?gòu)V告)trappedyounggirlsintobuyingthemake-upsofpoorquality(質(zhì)量).5.buryv.--burythedead掩埋死者--buryoneselfin(doing)...=sb.beburiedin(doing)...

埋頭于（做）……；沉浸于（做）……Theostrichburiesitsheadintosand.Myroommateisburiedinstudy,whileIamlyingflat.

Ostrich/??str?t?/

鴕鳥buryone’sheadintosand采取鴕鳥政策：逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)；不正視問(wèn)題Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.慢慢地，這座城市又開始恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。Personification(擬人)eg.Seeinghersonsafeandsound(安然無(wú)恙),theanxiousmom_________________________(松了一口氣).

松了一口氣：breatheasighofrelief--n.呼吸：breath/breθ/a.屏住呼吸：b.氣喘吁吁/上氣不接下氣：

c.深呼吸：6.breathe/bri?e/v.呼吸holdone’sbreathoutofbreathtakeadeepbreathbreathedasighofreliefWithstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthe

tirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.有了來(lái)自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在廢墟中被建立起來(lái)。a.Asaseniorhighschoolstudent,youmust__________________________(努力去提升)yourcommunicationandproblem-solvingskills.b.Aslongaswe___________________________(不遺余力去做)alittlebiteveryday,we’llmakearealdifference.c.Hemadeplayingtheguitarlook___________(輕松自如的/不費(fèi)力的).7.effort/?ef?t/n.努力makeeffort(s)toimprovesparenoefforttodoeffortlessP51-5(5)Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjuries.一些人被發(fā)現(xiàn)還活著，盡管他們受了重傷。--vt.suffer+抽象損害和痛苦suffer

pain/defeat/loses/damage/sideeffects(副作用)--vi.sufferfrom+具體的不幸和痛苦

sufferfromaseriousdisease/aterriblewar/adeadlydisastersufferfrom...患……病--n.(身體或精神上的)疼痛,痛苦：suffering(生活中的)苦難,折磨：sufferings8.sufferv.受苦；遭受不好的事情活著就要經(jīng)受痛苦；而生存是為了在痛苦中尋找意義。

——尼采

Tangshanstartedtoreviveitself

andgetbackuponitsfeet.

唐山重新站起來(lái)并獲得了新生。--reviveoneself讓/使……蘇醒/復(fù)活--n.revival振興;復(fù)蘇--get

back

up

onone’sfeet(be/get)backonone’sfeet經(jīng)受打擊后重新站起來(lái)eg.Sadnessdoesnotdisappearovernight;ittakestimetogetbackonone'sfeet.--onone’skneesstandonone’shead

At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!

凌晨3:42，萬(wàn)物開始搖晃，仿佛世界末日即將來(lái)臨！--Itseemed/seemsasif+句子(真實(shí)或虛擬語(yǔ)氣)

仿佛/好像……

a.他好像在夢(mèng)里一般。b.他們仿佛認(rèn)識(shí)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。c.媽媽仿佛要說(shuō)些什么。虛擬現(xiàn)在：were/did虛擬過(guò)去：haddone虛擬將來(lái)：would/should/could/mightdoItseemedasifhewereinadream.Itseemedasiftheyhadknowneachotherforalongtime.Itseemsasifmomwouldsaysomething.舊教材

Itseemedasiftheworldwascomingtoanend.HelpfulEntriesEverywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbut

ruins.Therainruinedmyhair.Peoplewereinshock.Theyweredeeplyshockedbytheshockingnews.

Havingbeentrappedinthetraffic,hewaslateforwork.Myroommateisburiedinstudy,whileIamlyingflat.Seeinghersonsafeandsound,theanxiousmombreathedasighofrelief.Toliveistosufferandtosurviveistofindsomemeaninginthesuffering.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitself

andgetbackuponitsfeet.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!VocabulariesPart31.supplyv.&n.2.survivev.3.powern.4.aid.v.&n.5.crashv.&n.6.strikev.7.sweepv.8.waven.&v.9.deliverv.10.bedoing...when...Thesupplies

whichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.a.supply復(fù)數(shù)形式supplies：補(bǔ)給品b.Thefunction(運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)/運(yùn)作)ofthemarketdependsonsupplyanddemand.--supplyanddemand供給和需求c.媒體(themedia)每天給我們提供大量的信息。Themediasuppliesafloodofinformationtouseveryday.Themediasuppliesuswithafloodofinformationeveryday.--給某人提供某物supplysthtosb.=supplysb.withsth.1.supply/s??pla?/n.&v.Sheisfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.a.在災(zāi)難中幸存下來(lái)：survivestheg.他在海嘯中幸免于難。Hesurvivedthetsunami.2.survivev.《我不是藥神》（英文譯名Dyingtosurvive）eg.Thepeoplewiththedeadlydiseasearedyingtosurvive.b.Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.

--比某人活得時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。eg.Jack希望Rose能活下去。

JackhopesRosecansurvivedhim.c.Hishasaslim(渺茫)chanceof____________(survive).d.Theplanecrashedinthejungle,andtherewereno_________________(幸存者).--n.survival幸存，幸(殘)存物n.survivor幸存者2.survivev.survivalsurvivorsGotoanopenspaceawayfrombuildings,trees,andpowerlines.a.電力(electricity)，動(dòng)力powerstation/plant發(fā)電廠b.Iwilldoeverythinginmypowertohelpyou.

(人)的能力c.Aftertheaccidentshelost

thepowerofspeech.

(人)的生理機(jī)能d.Morethanfameandfortune,shewantedpower.

(人)的權(quán)力，控制力，影響力，職權(quán)e.Everynaturaldisastershowsthepowerofnature.

(事物)的力量，威力f.Neverbeforehasourcountrybeenso_________(power)asitistoday.3.powern.powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的，有威力的Anemergencykitshouldincludeaflashlight,awhistle,afirstaidkitandsoon.--anemergencykit應(yīng)急工具箱afirstaidkit急救(工具)箱a.Withthehelpofexperts,hefoundthesolutiontothisproblem.--withtheaidof...在……的幫助下b.Thesoldierscametothesurvivors’rescue.--cometoone’said/help/rescue幫助某人e.Thenewtestshouldaiddoctorswiththeearlydetection(察覺(jué)/發(fā)現(xiàn))ofthedisease.aidsb.withsth幫助某人某事；4.aidn.&v.幫助，救援a(chǎn)idaidThemostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday...昨日，40年來(lái)最為強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)了沖擊亞洲沿海地帶的海嘯，a.crashv.發(fā)出巨響，猛烈撞擊b.Thenewsthattheplanehadcrashedmadeussad.

Hecrashedhiscarintoawall.

飛機(jī)墜毀；汽車碰撞c.Thecompanycrashedwithdebts(債)of￡2million.Files(文件)canbelostifthesystem(系統(tǒng))suddenlycrashes.（公司等）倒閉；（股票）暴跌；（計(jì)算機(jī)等）死機(jī)5.crashv.&n.crashn.1.Weheardahugecrash.2.Allthepassengerswerekilledintheplanecrash.3.Herearesometipsforcomputersystemcrashes.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,Sundayoff

thewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.周日上午7點(diǎn)左右，印尼蘇門答臘島西海岸附近發(fā)生了海底地震。

Tsunamiwavescanstrikeoutofnowhereandcausealotofdestruction.海嘯會(huì)突然襲來(lái)，造成巨大的破壞。a.--strikev.(不幸/災(zāi)難)突然降臨，突然襲擊/爆發(fā)--hit

(struck,struck/stricken)eg.1.地震災(zāi)區(qū)：earthquake-strickenareas

2.Foreignaidisbeingorganizedforthetsunami-hitcountries.6.strikev.b.Strikewhiletheironishot.

c.Thebusdriverswere

strikingformoremoney.d.Agoodideastruckme.e.Itstruckmethatwemighthavemadethewrongdecision.f.Thelittlegirlstruckamatchinthecoldnight.g.Theclockjuststrucktwelve.h.Whatstruckmemostwastheenthusiasm(熱情)ofthelocals.6.strikev.打/撞擊罷工讓某人突然想到：strikesb.Itstrikes/hits/occurstosbthat...劃/擦?xí)r鐘敲響/報(bào)時(shí)給某人以某種……印象strikefearintoone’sheart讓某人感到害怕go/beonstrike罷工1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,wasvisitingamuseumwhen______________________________

(發(fā)生地震).2.Wewouldspend1,500yuanpurchasing(購(gòu)買)somepensfortheneedystudentsin__________________________

(貧困地區(qū)).3.______________________

(我突然想到)playingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatlearningmoment.

(2015全國(guó)完形)4.趁熱打鐵。______________________________theearthquakestruck/hitpoverty-strickenareasItstruckmethatStrikewhiletheironishot.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.漁民、游客、酒店、住房和汽車都被高達(dá)9.0級(jí)的強(qiáng)震所引發(fā)的巨浪卷走。7.sweepv.(swept,swept)

--sweepaway消滅；徹底消除eg.洪水沖走了所有的房子。Thefloodsweptawayallthehouses.8.waven.波浪，海浪；（聲、電、光)波wavev.揮動(dòng)--wavegoodbyetosb.=wavesb.goodbye

向某人揮手告別However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.--a.遞送/運(yùn)送物品eg.Wepromisetodeliverfreeofchargewithin48hours.b.Sheisgoingtodeliveraspeech/lectureinthehall.c.Couldyoupleasedeliveramessageforhimd.LinQiaozhi,knownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”,haddeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.e.Pleasepayforgoodson_________________(deliver).adeliveryman快遞員/送貨員9.deliverv.b.發(fā)表c.傳達(dá)d.接生(孩子);幫助(某人)分娩deliveryI