2016屆高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解考點(diǎn)專題復(fù)習(xí)檢測(cè)11

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Sometimes,thesimplestideasarethebest.Forexample,toabsorbheatfromthesuntoheatwater,youneedlarge,flat,blacksurfaces.Onewaytodothatistobuildthosesurfacesspecially,ontheroofsofbuildings.Butwhygotoallthattroublewhencitiesarefullofblacksurfacesalready,intheformofasphalt(柏油)roads?Tenyearsago,thisthoughtcameintothemindofAriandeBondt,aDutchengineer.Hefinallypersuadedhisbosstofollowitup.Theresultisthattheirbuildingisnowheatedinwinterandcooledinsummerbyasystemthatreliesonthesurfaceoftheroadoutside.Theheat-collectorisasystemofconnectedwaterpipes.Mostofthemrunfromonesideofthestreettotheother,justundertheasphaltroad.Some,however,divedeepintotheground.Whenthestreetsurfacegetshotinsummer,waterpumpedthroughthepipespicksupthisheatandtakesitundergroundthroughoneofthedivingpipes.Atadepthof100metresliesanaturalaquifer(蓄水層)intowhichseveralheatexchangers(交換器)havebeenbuilt.Thehotwaterfromthestreetrunsthroughtheseexchangers,warmingtheground-water,beforereturningtothesurfacethroughanotherpipe.Theaquiferisthususedasaheatstore.Inwinter,theworkingsystemischangedslightly.Waterispumpedthroughtheheatexchangerstopickuptheheatstoredduringsummer.Thiswatergoesintothebuildingandisusedtowarmtheplaceup.Afterperformingthattask,itispumpedundertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.AriandeBondtgothisideafromhisboss.B.Large,flat,blacksurfacesneedtobebuiltincities.C.TheDutchengineer’ssystemhasbeenwidelyused.D.Heatcanalsobecollectedfromasphaltroads.2.Forwhatpurposearethedivingpipesused?A.Toabsorbheatfromthesun.B.Tostoreheatforfutureuse.C.Toturnsolarenergyintoheatenergy.D.Tocarryheatdownbelowthesurface.3.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat.A.somepipeshavetobere-arrangedinwinterB.thesystemcandomorethanwarmingupthebuildingC.theexchangerswillpickupheatfromthestreetsurfaceD.lessheatmaybecollectedinwinterthaninsummer4.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Whatweshalldoifthesystemgoeswrong.B.Whatweshalldoiftherearenoasphaltroads.C.Howthesystemcoolsthebuildinginsummer.D.Howthesystemcollectsheatinspringandautumn.【參考答案】1-4DDBC閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Withoutproperplanning,tourismcancauseproblems.Forexample,toomanytouristscancrowdpublicplacesthatarealsoenjoyedbytheinhabitantsofacountry.Iftouristscreatetoomuchtraffic,theinhabitantsbecomeannoyedandunhappy.Theybegintodisliketouristsandtotreatthemimpolitely.Theyforgethowmuchtourismcanhelpthecountry'seconomy.Itisimportanttothinkaboutthepeopleofadestinationcountryandhowtourismaffectsthem.Tourismshouldhelpacountry,keepthecustomsandbeautythatattracttourists.Tourismshouldalsoadvancethewealthandhappinessoflocalinhabitants.Toomuchtourismcanbeaproblem.Iftourismgrowstooquickly,peoplemustleaveotherjobstoworkinthetourismindustry.Thismeansthatotherpartsofthecountry'seconomycansuffer.Ontheotherhand,ifthereisnotenoughtourism,peoplecanlosejobs.Businessescanalsolosemoney.Itcostsagreatdealofmoneytobuildlargehotels,airports,airterminals,first-classroads,andothersupportfacilities(配套設(shè)施)neededbytouristattractions.Forexample,amajorinternationalclasstourismhotelcancostasmuchas50thousanddollarsperroomtobuild.Ifthisroomisnotusedmostofthetime,theownersofthehotellosemoney.Buildingahotelisjustabeginning.Theremustbemanysupportfacilitiesaswell,includingroadstogettothehotel,electricity,sewerstohandlewaste,andwater.Allofthesesupportfacilitiescostmoney.Iftheyarenotusedbecausetherearenotenoughtourists,jobsandmoneyarelost.1．Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkhasbeendiscussedinthepartbeforethisselection?A．Itisextremelyimportanttodeveloptourism.B．Buildingroadsandhotelsisessential.C．Supportfacilitiesarehighlynecessary.D．Planningisofgreatimportancetotourism.答案：D本文一開始便講如果沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)挠?jì)劃，旅游業(yè)會(huì)帶來(lái)的各種問(wèn)題，可見前文敘述適當(dāng)計(jì)劃的好處，以正反兩方面來(lái)闡述。2．Theunderlinedword“inhabitants”(inParagraph1)probablymeans________.A．tourists B．passengersC．population D．citizens答案：D文中提到太多游客來(lái)該國(guó)inhabitants喜歡的地方，可見它指本國(guó)本土的居民。3．ToomuchtourismcancausealltheseproblemsEXCEPT________.A．a(chǎn)badeffectonotherindustriesB．a(chǎn)changeoftourists'customsC．over-crowdofplacesofinterestD．pressureontraffic答案：B本文提到旅游業(yè)過(guò)于興旺會(huì)帶來(lái)的各種后果中提到了A、C、D，但沒(méi)有說(shuō)會(huì)改變游客的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。4．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A．theauthordoesn'tliketourismdevelopingsofastB．localpeoplewillbenefitfromtouristattractionC．otherpartsofacountry'seconomywon'tbenefitfromtourismmuchD．wecan'tbuildtoomanysupportfacilities答案：B從文中的講述可以推知，旅游業(yè)會(huì)使當(dāng)?shù)厝双@益。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Asthenewsemesterbegins,millionsofcollegestudentsacrossthecountryaretryinghardtorememberhowbesttowriteapaperor,morelikely,howbesttodelaythatpaper.Procrastinationisthethiefoftimeandalotofstudentssufferfromit.Theycanspendwholedaysinthelibrarydoingnothingbutstaringintospace,eatingsnacks,surfingtheInternet,watchingvideosandlookingatotherstudentssittingaroundthem,who,mostlikely,aredoingnothingeither.Paralyzedbytheirhabittoprocrastinate,theywritemicroblogsabouttheirfears,askingtheironlinefriendsiftheysometimeshavethesameissue.Butthisdoesnothingtobreakthespell(魔咒).Accordingtoarecentreport,95percentofusprocrastinateatsomepointand20percentoftheworld’spopulationarealwaysprocrastinating.Thefiguresaredisappointing.Procrastinatorsarelesswealthy,lesshealthyandlesshappythanthosewhodon’tdelay.Procrastinatorsliketofindexcuses"tojustifytheirbehavior,butBBCcolumnistRowanPellingsaystheyareallwrong.Manyprocrastinatorstellthemselvestheyareperfectionistswhoworkbestunderpressure.Pellingsaysthisisnonsense,asworkdoneatthelastminuteismorelikelytohavemistakesthanworkdoneontime.Thebehaviorofprocrastinatorsoftenmakesthemfeelashamed,inconveniencesothersandannoyslovedones.Pellingalsopointsoutthatprocrastinationfeelsparticularlydelinquent(過(guò)失的）inasocietythatthinksofswiftactionasadmirable,and,attimes,evenasamoralgood.Fortunately,socialscientistshavethrowntheirweightbehindeffortstounderstandthisbehavioralmistakeandofferstrategiestocontrolit.PiersSteel,aCanadiansocialscientistandauthorofTheProcrastinationEquation,believeshumanis“designed”toprocrastinate.Nevertheless,hesuggestsacoupleofgoodwaystogetthroughthetaskathand.41.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanlearnthat_____.A.procrastinationisbeneficialtomanystudentsB.manystudentsareundergreatpressureintheirstudyC.lotsofcollegestudentsareworkinghardtowritegoodarticlesontimeD.manystudentsaregettingintothehabitofdelayingfinishingtheirtasks【答案】D【解析】段落大意題。根據(jù)中心句Procrastinationisthethiefoftimeandalotofstudentssufferfromit.可知許多學(xué)生都有拖延完成任務(wù)的時(shí)間的習(xí)慣，故選D。42.Accordingtothepassage,procrastinationprobablyrefersto_____.A.abadhabitB.aseriousillnessC.adifficulttaskD.aformofentertainment【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Procrastinationisthethiefoftimeandalotofstudentssufferfromit.Paralyzedbytheirhabittoprocrastinate,可知拖延是一種壞的習(xí)慣，故選A。43.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG?A.Procrastinationmakespeoplewastetheirtime.B.Procrastinatorsusuallycompletetheirtasksperfectly.C.Swiftactionisconsideredasamoralstandardinthesociety.D.Procrastinationiscommonamongpeople.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Manyprocrastinatorstellthemselvestheyareperfectionistswhoworkbestunderpressure.Pellingsaysthisisnonsense,asworkdoneatthelastminuteismorelikelytohavemistakesthanworkdoneontime.拖延時(shí)間完成作業(yè)有可能因?yàn)闀r(shí)間緊，會(huì)出現(xiàn)更多的錯(cuò)誤，選項(xiàng)B敘述的是拖延時(shí)間有可能完成工作更好，這與原文不符，故選B。44.Whichbehaviorbelongstoprocrastination?A.Neverdreamawaythetime.B.Alwayscompletethetasksaheadoftime.C.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.D.Alwayswaittoworkuntilthe“goodmood”or“goodtime”.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Procrastinationisthethiefoftime拖延時(shí)間就是開始有任務(wù)時(shí)不做，等到自己感覺(jué)有好心情了，有好時(shí)機(jī)了在做，故選D。45.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Measurestodealwithprocrastination.B.Approachestohandlingthestudypressures.C.Moreexamplestoillustrateprocrastination.D.IntroductiontothebookTheProcrastinationEquation.【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Nevertheless,hesuggestsacoupleofgoodwaystogetthroughthetaskathand.既然存在拖延時(shí)間的壞習(xí)慣，那么就應(yīng)該采取措施處理這種壞習(xí)慣，故選A。2015高考英語(yǔ)（附解析答案）Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1．He'sperfectly________toliveinthemountainandpaintpicturesallday，thoughheisbadlyoff.A．curious B．proud C．a(chǎn)nxious D．content解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。curious好奇的；proud驕傲的；anxious焦急的；content滿足的。句意：盡管他清貧，但對(duì)于能夠住在大山里面整天作畫，他感到非常滿足。答案D2.The________lookonhisfaceshowedthathehadn'texpectedit.A．a(chǎn)stonished B．a(chǎn)stonishingC．beingastonished D．havingastonished解析考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)。astonishedlook(因看到、聽到或知道某事而)感到震驚的表情；astonishinglook(表情本身)令人吃驚的表情。句意：他臉上吃驚的表情說(shuō)明他是始料未及的?？芍獞?yīng)選A項(xiàng)。答案A3．Hewasrobbedlastnight,but________hedidn'thavemuchonhimthen.A．fortunately B．eventuallyC．certainly D．surprisingly解析fortunately幸運(yùn)地；eventually最終；certainly當(dāng)然；surprisingly吃驚地。句意：昨晚他被搶了，但幸運(yùn)的是當(dāng)時(shí)他沒(méi)帶多少錢。答案A4．—Jane,Peterhasgotawell-paidjobinaforeigncompany.—Youmeanheis________thanheusedtobe.A．badlyoff B．welloffC．worseoff D．betteroff解析由句意“……你的意思是他比以前有所好轉(zhuǎn)了”可知應(yīng)選betteroffthan...比……富有；worseoffthan...比……更差。答案D5．Wewereastonished______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.A．finding B．tofindC．find D．tobefound解析考查含不定式的固定句式的用法。掌握“主語(yǔ)＋adj.＋todosth.”這一句式是解題的關(guān)鍵。難度較低。句意：我們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)那座寺廟還是原來(lái)那個(gè)狀況。“主語(yǔ)＋adj.＋todosth.”為固定句式，不定式在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，該句式中的不定式通常用其主動(dòng)形式。答案B6．Don'tgiveup!Ifyouworkhard,youwill________thisproblem.A．defeat B．respond C．inspect D．overcome解析考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。defeat打??；擊??；respond回應(yīng)；答復(fù)；inspect視察；檢察；overcome克服(困難)。句意：不要放棄，只要你努力，你會(huì)克服這一問(wèn)題的。答案D7．Withthegoodcaretakenbydoctorsandnurses,manypatientsarebeginningto________.A．pickout B．turnupC．turnout D．pickup解析考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：因?yàn)橛嗅t(yī)生和護(hù)士們的精心照料，很多病人都處于康復(fù)當(dāng)中?？芍獞?yīng)選D項(xiàng)。答案D8．ItwassodarkinthecinemathatIcouldhardly______myfriend.A．turnoutB．bringoutC．calloutD．pickout解析句意：電影院里是那么黑以至于我?guī)缀醣嬲J(rèn)不出我的朋友。turnout—appear出現(xiàn)，露面；bringout—causesth.toappear；publishsth.使顯出，出版；callout—shout，cry大聲叫喊，大聲說(shuō)出；pickout—distinguishsb./sth.fromsurroundingpeopleorthings分辨出某人(某物)。從句意判斷，答案應(yīng)為pickout。答案D9．Ifthere'salotofwork________，I'mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished.A．todo B．tobedoingC．done D．doing解析句意：如果還有一些工作要做，我樂(lè)意堅(jiān)持做完。不定式todo表示將要做的事情，故選A。答案A10．Dogshaveaverygood______ofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchforsurvivorsinanearthquake.A．senseB．viewC．meansD．idea解析句意：狗有很好的嗅覺(jué)，常常用于搜尋地震中的幸存者。sense感官，感覺(jué)，如：asenseofsmell/hearing/taste/touch嗅/聽/味/觸覺(jué)。view觀點(diǎn)，看法；means方法；idea主意，想法。答案A11．Theteacherst