山東省濟(jì)寧市泗水縣2022-2023學(xué)年高三年級(jí)上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

20222023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中考試高三英語試題本試卷共12頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)該部分分為第一、第二兩節(jié)，注意：回答聽力部分時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.HowwillthemangettoPekingUniversity?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.2.Howoldisthewoman?A.35.B.45C.653.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Havetheirlunch.B.Returnforlunch.C.Climbamountain.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Borrowsomemoney.B.Startupabusiness.C.Gotothebank.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.TheVIPcardB.Thehairstyle.C.Thehaircutprice.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?A.Itsmildweather.B.Itslowlivingcost.C.Itsvariednightlife.7.WhatmighttheweatherbelikeinOctoberintheman’shometown?A.Wet.B.Cold.C.Cloudless.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthereasonfortheflightdelay?A.Thelightwind.B.Thebadweather.C.Theenginetrouble.9.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.ThereporttoMr.O’Neil.B.ThemealwithMr.O’Neil.C.TheapologytoMr.O’Neil.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題.10.Whatistheman’splanfortheingvacation?A.Havingatourbyship.B.Makingabusinesstrip.C.Goingforaholidaytravel.11.Whatdoesthemanwanttovisitmost?A.WaveRock.B.GoldenBeach.C.TheGreatOceanRoad.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasgotmarried.B.HehasbeentoAustralia.C.Hetookatriplastsummer.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfuturejobchoices.B.Theirnexttermcourses.C.Theirnexttermprofessors.14.Whatsubjectdoesthemanprobablylike?A.ArtB.History.C.Politics.15.Whatdothewoman’sparentsexpecthertobe?A.Ateacher.B.Apolitician.C.Arestaurantmanager.16.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Dealingwithpeople.B.Workingwithkids.C.Paintingpictures.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題.17.Howmanypeoplehavedamagedtheirhearingnow?A.100million.B.900million.C.466million.18.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.TeachersB.Students.C.Parents.19.Whatisthemostmonreasonforhearingloss?A.Certainillnesses.B.Heavynoiseandaging.C.Thedamageofhaircells.20.Whatisconsideredasthebestwaytoprotectthehearing?A.Turndownthemusicifpossible.B.Getyourhearingcheckedregularly.C.Walkawayfromloudsurroundings.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Amunitycollegesofferlowtuition,jobspecifictrainingandotherbenefits.Whetheryou’reahighschoolstudentunsureofwhichcollegestoapplytoorsomeoneconsideringgoingbacktoschool,thereareplentyofreasonstoputmunitycollegesonyourlist.LowerCostsThemostfrequentlycitedbenefitofmunitycollegesistherelativelylowcostofattendance.AccordingtodatafromtheCollegeBoard,munitycollegescost,onaverage,aboutonethirdofinstatetuitionatfouryearpublicuniversities.APathtoaFouryearCollegeManyfouryearuniversitieshavetransferagreementswithlocalmunitycolleges.Theseagreementsallowstudentswhopletespecificrequirementstoeasilytransferintoafouryearprogramatanearbyuniversity.Transferstudentscanthenearnabachelor’sdegreewhileonlyhavingtopaytwoyearsofhighertuition.Flexibilitymunitycollegesallowforflexiblescheduling,makingthemaparticularlygoodoptionforolderstudentswhoareworkingprofessionalsorparents.Manymunitycollegesalsoallowhighschoolstudentstotakecollegelevelcoursesduringeveningsorweekends.WorkforceTrainingmunitycollegestendtoofferawiderangeofcareerandtechnicaleducationprogramsinfieldslikenursingorfirefighting.Thehighlyappliednatureoftheseprogramspreparesstudentsforenteringtheworkforce.Fromculinary(烹飪)artstoautomobilemechanics,munitycollegesofferabroadselectionofprofessionalizedcourseworkthatfouryearuniversitiesoftendonot.1.Whoaremostlikelytoattendmunitycolleges?A.Highschoolstudentsfacingcollegechoices.B.Adultsplanningtoworkathighschools.C.Collegestudentsanxioustoimprovethemselves.D.Professionalseagerforcollegelevelcourses.2.Whichisthoughttobethebiggestadvantageofmunitycolleges?A.LowerCosts. B.APathtoaFouryearCollege.C.Flexibility. D.WorkforceTraining.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheworkforcetrainingprograms?A.Interesting. B.Timeconsuming. C.Practical. D.Demanding.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是把社區(qū)大學(xué)列入申請(qǐng)名單的幾條理由?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Whetheryou’reahighschoolstudentunsureofwhichcollegestoapplytoorsomeoneconsideringgoingbacktoschool,thereareplentyofreasonstoputmunitycollegesonyourlist.(無論你是一個(gè)不確定要申請(qǐng)哪所大學(xué)的高中生，還是一個(gè)考慮重返校園的人，有很多理由把社區(qū)大學(xué)列入你的名單。)”可知，最有可能上社區(qū)大學(xué)的是面臨大學(xué)選擇的高中生，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LowerCosts部分的“Themostfrequentlycitedbenefitofmunitycollegesistherelativelylowcostofattendance.(最常被提及的社區(qū)大學(xué)的好處是入學(xué)成本相對(duì)較低。)”可知，社區(qū)大學(xué)最大的優(yōu)勢是更低的成本，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)WorkforceTraining部分的“munitycollegestendtoofferawiderangeofcareerandtechnicaleducationprogramsinfieldslikenursingorfirefighting.Thehighlyappliednatureoftheseprogramspreparesstudentsforenteringtheworkforce.(社區(qū)大學(xué)傾向于提供廣泛的職業(yè)和技術(shù)教育課程，如護(hù)理或消防等領(lǐng)域。這些課程的高應(yīng)用性為學(xué)生進(jìn)入職場做好了準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，勞動(dòng)力培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃是實(shí)用的，故選C。BValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafourlanehighwaytofitwildlifecameras,whenshegetsstuckinthemud.“Iamreallystuck,”saystheroadecologystudent,tryingtopullherfeetoutofastreambedthattravelsthroughtheconcreteculvert(涵洞)ofQuebecRoute117.“Idonotwanttobeadeergoingthroughthat.”Bolduc’sdilemmamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesamepath.Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudes(緯度)toremainwithintheirdesirableenvironments,butthateswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchashighways.IneasternCanada,Bolducandotherresearchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafecorridors(走廊)forwildlife.Themotionactivatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesareusingthetunnels.Anoutwardfacingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhapspreventedbytrafficnoise,thetunnel’ssizeorotherfactors.BolducexplainsthatthishighwayrunningthroughsouthernQuebecseparatesaseriesofCanadiannationalandregionalparksoneitherside,alongwiththeiranimalpopulations.“It’ssuperimportant,”shenotes,“becausetheanimalswanttomovenorthandtheyencountertheseandthencantheymovethrough?Willtheygethitbyacar?We’llneedtofigurethatout.Andweneedtohelpthem,atleastIwanttohelpthem.”Afterfinishingfittingtheircamerasonthenorthboundsideofthehighway,Bolducandherteamdecidetheyneedanalternatepathtotheothersidetoavoidanothermisfortuneinthemud.“We’regenerallytryingtobesafe,”Bolducsays,“butfortheanimals,thisistheirlife!”4.WhatcanwelearnfromBolduc’sexperienceofbeingtrapped?A.Itisdifficulttofitwildlifecameras.B.Sheisoutofluckduringtheexploration.C.Roadconditionsofthehighwayareunexpected.D.Itisdangerousforwildanimalstocrossthisarea.5.Whatdotheseanimalsmovetohigherlatitudesfor?A.Lesstrafficnoise. B.Warmerclimate. C.Safecorridors. D.Favorableenvironments.6.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewildlifecameras?A.Torecordthechangesintrafficflow. B.Tofigureoutdifficultieswildanimalsface.C.Totrackanimalsinandaroundthetunnels. D.Tophotographthelivingenvironmentofwildanimals.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HighTechProtectsWildlife B.AnimalMigrationIsunderThreatC.EcologistsFeartheFutureofWildlife D.ResearchersSeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrate【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講是ValerieBolduc及其他研究人員通過安裝動(dòng)態(tài)攝像機(jī)為動(dòng)物遷徙尋找路徑。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Bolduc’sdilemmamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesamepath.(Bolduc的兩難處境清楚地說明了野生動(dòng)物走同一條路的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，我們能從博爾達(dá)克被困的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到野生動(dòng)物穿過這個(gè)地區(qū)是危險(xiǎn)的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudestoremainwithintheirdesirableenvironments,butthateswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchashighways.(氣候變暖正迫使許多動(dòng)物向高緯度地區(qū)遷徙，以留在它們理想的環(huán)境中，但這也伴隨著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈円┻^危險(xiǎn)的地區(qū)，比如高速公路。)”可知，這些動(dòng)物遷移到高緯度地區(qū)是為了有利的環(huán)境。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Themotionactivatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesareusingthetunnels.Anoutwardfacingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhapspreventedbytrafficnoise,thetunnel’ssizeorotherfactors.(他們帶來的動(dòng)態(tài)攝像機(jī)將記錄哪些物種正在使用隧道。一個(gè)朝外的攝像頭將識(shí)別哪些動(dòng)物靠近但沒有進(jìn)入，也許是因?yàn)榻煌ㄔ胍簟⑺淼来笮』蚱渌蛩亍?”可知，野生動(dòng)物攝像機(jī)的功能是用來追蹤隧道內(nèi)外的動(dòng)物。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“ValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafourlanehighwaytofitwildlifecameras,whenshegetsstuckinthemud.(瓦萊麗·博爾達(dá)克正在四車道高速公路下探索一條小路，以便安裝野生動(dòng)物攝像機(jī)，這時(shí)她被困在了泥里。)”和第三段的“IneasternCanada,Bolducandotherresearchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafecorridorsforwildlife.(在加拿大東部，Bolduc和其他研究人員以及自然資源保護(hù)主義者正在努力為野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)安全的走廊。)”可知，本文主要講的是ValerieBolduc及其他研究人員通過安裝動(dòng)態(tài)攝像機(jī)為動(dòng)物遷徙尋找路徑，因此最好的題目是D選項(xiàng)“ResearchersSeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrate(研究人員為動(dòng)物遷徙尋找路徑)”，故選D。CCoveredinlushfur,thethickestintheanimalkingdom,seaotters(海獺)canlivetheirentirelivesintheocean,feedingheavilyuponseaflooranimalssuchasshellfish.Theyareoftenseentoeatclams(蛤),whichburythemselvesinmeadowsofeelgrass(大葉藻場),awiderangingplantspeciesgrowinginwater.Eelgrassmeadowswhereseaottersdigforclamsbeepartlybare,whichismonlyaconcernforecologists.Asitturnsout,themeadowswithottersarehealthier,withmoreeelgrass,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinScience.That'sbecausebygentlydisturbingtheseabed,theottersmaketheplantsflowerandproduceseeds.What'smore,theirdiggingprovidesmorespaceandsunlightforseedstosettleandgrow.Theenhancedgeneticdiversitycausedbyseaotterscouldmakeeelgrassmoreadaptabletopresentandfuturethreats.Thefindingisapowerfulexampleofhowanimalssuchasottersinfluencetheirecosystemsbeyondpredation(捕食),ofteninunseenandlittleknownways,saysstudyleaderErinFoster,aresearchassociateattheHakaiInstitute.Italsomeansseaotters,anendangeredspecies,arevitaltotheirenvironmentsandgiveeelgrass,whichisindangerworldwide,abetterchanceatstayinghealthyandsurviving.Seagrasshabitatsarealsoimportantformanyfish,providingfoodforanimals,absorbing,andfilteringharmfulpollutionandbacteriafromthewater."Geneticdiversitytypicallystrengthenstheadaptabilityofspecies,andconsideringthechallengeswe'refacing…thiswillbeimportantforeelgrassmeadows,andfromthisaspect,theimpacttheottersarehavingdeservesourlastingconcern,"saysFoster.8.Whatdoweknowaboutseaotters?A.Theylivepartoftheirlivesunderwater. B.Theymainlyfeedonseaanimalslikefish.C.Theyeatclamsbeneatheelgrassmeadows. D.Theybeeanewconcernforecologists.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bygivingopinions. B.Bypresentingreasons.C.Byclarifyingconcepts. D.Byparingresults.10.Whydoestheauthormentiontheendangeredconditionofeelgrass?A.Toprovideexamplesofseaotters'predation.B.Toshowtheurgencytoprotecttheenvironment.C.Tohighlighttheroleofottersintheirecosystems.D.Towarnagainstthepotentialriskofclimatechange.11.WhatdoesFosterthinkoftheimpactottershaveonunderwatermeadows?A.Overestimated. B.Noteworthy. C.Temporary. D.Unpredictable.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述海獺，一種瀕危物種，對(duì)它們的環(huán)境至關(guān)重要，并給全世界處于危險(xiǎn)中的鰻草提供了更好的保持健康和生存的機(jī)會(huì)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Theyareoftenseentoeatclams,whichburythemselvesinmeadowsofeelgrass,awiderangingplantspeciesgrowinginwater.(人們經(jīng)?？吹剿鼈兂愿蝌?，蛤蜊把自己埋在鰻草草甸中，鰻草是一種廣泛生長在水中的植物。)”可知，海獺吃在鰻草下面的蛤蜊。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Asitturnsout,themeadowswithottersarehealthier,withmoreeelgrass,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinScience.That'sbecausebygentlydisturbingtheseabed,theottersmaketheplantsflowerandproduceseeds.What'smore,theirdiggingprovidesmorespaceandsunlightforseedstosettleandgrow.Theenhancedgeneticdiversitycausedbyseaotterscouldmakeeelgrassmoreadaptabletopresentandfuturethreats.(根據(jù)發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》上的一項(xiàng)新研究，事實(shí)證明，有水獺的草地更健康，有更多的鰻草。這是因?yàn)樗H通過輕輕攪動(dòng)海床，使植物開花并產(chǎn)生種子。更重要的是，他們的挖掘?yàn)榉N子的定居和生長提供了更多的空間和陽光。海獺導(dǎo)致的遺傳多樣性增強(qiáng)可能使鰻草更適應(yīng)當(dāng)前和未來的威脅。)”可知，文章第二段先給出結(jié)論Asitturnsout,themeadowswithottersarehealthier,withmoreeelgrass，后面再說明原因，所以第二段是通過給原因來論證的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Italsomeansseaotters,anendangeredspecies,arevitaltotheirenvironmentsandgiveeelgrass,whichisindangerworldwide,abetterchanceatstayinghealthyandsurviving.(這也意味著海獺，一種瀕危物種，對(duì)它們的環(huán)境至關(guān)重要，并給全世界處于危險(xiǎn)中的鰻草提供了更好的保持健康和生存的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，作者提到瀕危的鰻草是為了突出海獺對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“"Geneticdiversitytypicallystrengthenstheadaptabilityofspecies,andconsideringthechallengeswe'refacing…thiswillbeimportantforeelgrassmeadows,andfromthisaspect,theimpacttheottersarehavingdeservesourlastingconcern,"saysFoster.(Foster說：“基因多樣性通常會(huì)增強(qiáng)物種的適應(yīng)性，考慮到我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)……這對(duì)鰻草草地非常重要，從這個(gè)角度來看，海獺的影響值得我們長期關(guān)注。”。)”可知，F(xiàn)oster對(duì)海獺是水草的影響是值得我們長期關(guān)注的。A.Overestimated高估的；B.Noteworthy值得關(guān)注的；C.Temporary短暫的；D.Unpredictable不可預(yù)知的。故選B項(xiàng)。DSomescientistshavetracedtheincreaseinearthquakes,especiallyinareasnotknownforthepresenceoffaultlinesorpastseismic(地震的)activity,tohumanactions.Theideaofhumanscausingearthquakesmayseemstrangeatfirst.Afterall,youcanrunaroundyourbackyardandjumpupanddownasyouwant,andthegroundisn’tgoingtostartshaking.However,scientistshaveidentifiedavarietyoflargescalehumanactivitiesthatcanresultinearthquakes.Scientistshaveconfirmedover700placeswherehumanactivitieshavecausedearthquakesoverthelastcentury.Whilemanyhumanrelatedearthquakesaremildanddon’tcausemuchdamage,someofthemcanbeseriousanddangerous.Infact,scientistsbelievehumanactivityhascausedearthquakeswithmagnitudesashighas7.9ontheRichterscale.Scientistsbelievemosthumanrelatedearthquakesaretheresultofmining.AspaniesdrilldeeperanddeeperbelowEarth’ssurfacetogetnaturalresources,holesleftbehindcancauseinstabilitythatleadstocollapsesthatcauseearthquakes.Anotherhumanactivityleadingtoearthquakesisfracking(水力壓裂)foroilandgas,includingthehighpressurewastewaterprocessingthatusuallygoeswithfracking.Inthisprocess,water,sandandchemicalsarepressedundergroundunderhighpressuretobreakrockstoreleasenaturalresources.Buildinglargedamscanalsocauseearthquakes.Forexample,about80,000peoplediedinChinain2008asaresultofa7.9magnitudeearthquakecausedby320milliontonsofwaterthathadbeencollectedintheZipingpuReservoirafteralargedamwasbuiltoveraknownfaultline.Thesearen’ttheonlyhumanactivitiesthatcanresultinearthquakes,though.Scientistspointoutthatearthquakescanalsobecausedbyotherhumanactivities,suchasconstructionofskyscrapersandnuclearexplosions.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“faultlines”inParagraph1referto?A.Regionswithactivehumanactions. B.Placesassociatedwithnaturalbalance.C.Zoneswherenaturalresourcesarerich. D.Areaswhereearthquakestendtohappen.13.Whatdominingandoilproducinghaveinmon?A.Theybreakthebalanceofnature. B.Theydestroythestabilityofrocks.C.Theyusehighpressuretogetresources. D.TheydomuchdamagetoEarth’ssurface.14.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.The2008earthquakeistheworstinhistory. B.Constructionofdamsshouldbestopped.C.Tonsofwatermustcauseearthquakes. D.Thelocationofadammattersmuch.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Naturepunisheshumansbymeansofearthquakes. B.Progresshasbeenmadeonearthquakeresearch.C.Humansaretoblameforsomeearthquakes. D.Earthquakesarenolongernaturemade.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹的是一些地震是人類活動(dòng)造成的，并介紹了哪些人類活動(dòng)會(huì)造成地震?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語句中“pastseismic(地震的)activity”(過去的地震活動(dòng))和“tohumanactions”(人類行為)可知，科學(xué)家追蹤的是由人類活動(dòng)引起的地震，而不是一些容易發(fā)生地震的地區(qū)，“or”前后的“faultlines”和“pastseismic(地震的)activity”為選擇關(guān)系，由此可知，“faultlines”指的也是一些容易發(fā)生地震的地區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“AspaniesdrilldeeperanddeeperbelowEarth’ssurfacetogetnaturalresources,holesleftbehindcancauseinstabilitythatleadstocollapsesthatcauseearthquakes.”(隨著公司在地球表面下越來越深地鉆探以獲取自然資源，留下的洞可能導(dǎo)致不穩(wěn)定，導(dǎo)致崩塌，引發(fā)地震。)可知，采礦留下的洞可能導(dǎo)致巖石不穩(wěn)定，引發(fā)地震；再根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Inthisprocess,water,sandandchemicalsarepressedundergroundunderhighpressuretobreakrockstoreleasenaturalresources.”(在這個(gè)過程中，水、沙子和化學(xué)物質(zhì)在高壓下被壓入地下，以破碎巖石，釋放自然資源。)可知，石油生產(chǎn)使用的高壓破碎巖石，導(dǎo)致巖石不穩(wěn)定，引發(fā)地震，由此可知，采礦和石油生產(chǎn)的共同點(diǎn)在于它們破壞了巖石的穩(wěn)定性。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容“Buildinglargedamscanalsocauseearthquakes.Forexample,about80,000peoplediedinChinain2008asaresultofa7.9magnitudeearthquakecausedby320milliontonsofwaterthathadbeencollectedintheZipingpuReservoirafteralargedamwasbuiltoveraknownfaultline.”(建造大型水壩也會(huì)引起地震。例如，2008年，中國發(fā)生了級(jí)地震，造成約8萬人死亡。這場地震是由于紫坪鋪水庫在一條已知斷層線上修建了一座大型水壩后，收集了億噸水造成的。)可知，紫坪鋪水庫在一條已知斷層線上修建了一座大型水壩，引發(fā)了地震，由此可知，大壩的位置非常重要，不應(yīng)該建在斷層線上。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段關(guān)鍵句“Scientistshaveconfirmedover700placeswherehumanactivitieshavecausedearthquakesoverthelastcentury.”(科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)確認(rèn)了上個(gè)世紀(jì)人類活動(dòng)造成地震的700多個(gè)地方。)可知，本文主要介紹的是一些地震是人類活動(dòng)造成的，并介紹了哪些人類活動(dòng)會(huì)造成地震，“Humansaretoblameforsomeearthquakes”意為“有些地震是人類造成的”，選項(xiàng)能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MidAutumnFestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsinChinesecalendar.Thefestivaltypicallyinvolvesfamilygettingtogethertosharemooncakeswhilewatchingthemoon.TypicalChinesemooncakesareroundinshape,andmeasurearound10cmindiameterand45cminthickness.Mostmooncakesconsistofathintenderskinenvelopingasweet,densefilling.____16____.Itisacustomforhousewivestopreparemooncakesathomewhenthefestivalisapproaching.Nowlet'slearntomaketraditionalChinesemooncakes.Aboveall,fullpreparationsshouldbemade,includingmaterialssuchasdough(生面團(tuán)),flour,water,sugarandvegetableoil,andfillings—lotusseedpaste(蓮子蓉)andeggs.Mixtogetherallthematerialstogetadough.____17____Next,separatetheeggyolksfromthewhitesandsaltthesteamedyolks.Whiletheovenispreheatingto180degreesCelsius,rollthelotuspasteandthedoughintosmallballs.____18____.Then,shapeupwitheachconsistingofadoughwrapper,oneballoflotuspaste,andonehalfofasaltedeggyolk.Makeaholeinaballoflotusandputtheyolkinside.Similarly,coverthelotusball(withtheyolkinside)withawrapper.____19____.Thenshapeitwiththemold(模具).____20____.Takethemoutafter5minutesandbrushthemwiththeeggwash.Putthemooncakesbackuntiltheybeegoldenbrown.Remembertowaittoeatthemooncakesfortwodayswhentheywillbesoftandalsolookshiny.A.Amooncakeballismade.B.Preparethesaltedeggyolks.C.Finally,putallmooncakesintotheoven.D.Flatteneachpieceofdoughintoathinwrapper.E.There'remanystoriesaboutmooncakesandChang'e.F.MooncakesarethemusteatfoodfortheMidAutumnFestival.G.Coveredwithplasticwrap,itshouldbesetasideforatleast3hours.【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。中秋節(jié)是我國最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一。本文主要介紹了如何制作中國傳統(tǒng)月餅。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TypicalChinesemooncakes…Mostmooncakes…”可知，上文提到中秋節(jié)的月餅；下文提到“Itisacustomforhousewivestopreparemooncakesathomewhenthefestivalisapproaching.（在節(jié)日臨近的時(shí)候，家庭主婦在家準(zhǔn)備月餅是一種習(xí)俗。）”，由custom“習(xí)俗”可知，此處應(yīng)該是說“月餅是中秋必吃的食物”。故選F。【17題詳解】上文提到“Mixtogetherallthematerialstogetadough.（把所有材料混合在一起做成面團(tuán)）”，本段主要如何制作和處理面團(tuán)。承接下來應(yīng)該是說“用保鮮膜覆蓋，放置至少3小時(shí)”。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“…rollthelotuspasteandthedoughintosmallballs（將蓮蓉醬和面團(tuán)揉成小球）”以及下文“Then,shapeupwitheachconsistingofadoughwrapper,oneballoflotuspaste,andonehalfofasaltedeggyolk.（然后，用面團(tuán)包裝紙、一個(gè)荷花醬球和半個(gè)咸蛋黃做成形狀。）”，由下文的doughwrapper“面團(tuán)皮”可知，此處應(yīng)該是說“把每個(gè)面團(tuán)壓扁，做成薄薄的面皮”。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Similarly,coverthelotusball(withtheyolkinside)withawrapper.（同樣地，用包裝紙覆蓋荷花球（蛋黃在里面））”以及下文“Thenshapeitwiththemold(模具).（然后用模具成型。）”中的代詞“it”可知，此處應(yīng)該承接上文，接下來說“一個(gè)月餅球就做好了”，it指代“月餅球”。故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Takethemoutafter5minutesandbrushthemwiththeeggwash.Putthemooncakesbackuntiltheybeegoldenbrown.（5分鐘后取出它們，用雞蛋清洗液刷洗。把月餅放回原處，直到它們變成金黃色。）中代詞“them”可知，空格處應(yīng)出現(xiàn)可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。而下文又說“直到它們變成金黃色”，故此處應(yīng)該是“最后，把所以月餅放進(jìn)烤箱”，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ahomelessmanfinallyhasahomethankstoahomemadesignandthekindnessofstrangers.MichaelBucknellhasstruggledwith____21____anddifficultlandlordsthathavemadeithardtoholddownaplaceovertheyears.Hehashada____22____timesincehe’sbeenonthestreetsofWakefield.Peoplehaveshoutedathimand____23____himofbeingadrugaddict.Tiredofbeingshoutedat,hewantedtohavea____24____overhisheadrecently.Hemadeapostand____25____ittowherehesatoutsideWakefieldAldi,whichread:“I’mMichael.Idon’tdodrugsoralcohol.Ihavebeenunluckyand____26____beinghomeless.I’mlookingforworkoranyoddjob.Thanksforyourhelpandkindness.”Hewas____27____byawomannamedMollieMaywhosharedhissignonFacebook.Sheencouragedpassersbytogivehima____28____orletherknowiftheycouldofferhimanywork.WhileMichaelhasn’tyetmanagedtogetajob,moreandmorepeoplehavestoppedto____29____tohimorgrabhimsomethingtoeat.Heraised￡150andtookittoDominionHousingServices,whichprovidesunemployedpeoplewith____30____inWakefield.Hehasbeengivenaplacetostay,andisnowhopingtofurnishitwithsome____31____suchasatoasterandaTVifhecanraisethefunds.“It’sa____32____startandIhopeitwillbeanewchapterofmylife.Itfeelsbrilliant—Ican’tthankthepublicenough.They____33____meinabigway.”Michaelisnow____34____thestreet,planninghisfuture.____35____,heisgoingtograbthisopportunitywithbothhandsandnotletitgo.21.A.time B.money C.traffic D.attention22.A.pleasant B.confusing C.fortable D.tough23.A.suspected B.reminded C.convinced D.informed24.A.cover B.sky C.roof D.hat25.A.delivered B.brought C.returned D.introduced26.A.gotover B.givenup C.endedup D.adaptedto27.A.approached B.praised C.acpanied D.accused28.A.message B.ride C.seat D.chance29.A.donate B.signal C.turn D.point30.A.advice B.housing C.food D.clothing31.A.essentials B.antiques C.cookers D.paintings32.A.difficult B.random C.painful D.fresh33.A.greeted B.helped C.forgave D.instructed34.A.across B.on C.beneath D.off35.A.Patiently B.Honestly C.Hopefully D.Secretly【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.A32.D33.B34.D35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是無家可歸的MichaelBucknell在自制的標(biāo)志和陌生人的善良的幫助下終于有了棲身之所?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：邁克爾·巴克內(nèi)爾(MichaelBucknell)多年來一直在與金錢和難纏的房東作斗爭，這些房東讓他很難保住一個(gè)地方。A.time時(shí)間；B.money錢；C.traffic交通；D.attention注意力。由“madeithardtoholddownaplace”可知，邁克爾·巴克內(nèi)爾沒有錢，所以沒地方住，故選B。22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：自從他在韋克菲爾德的街頭生活以來，日子一直不好過。A.pleasant愉快的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.fortable舒服的；D.tough艱難的。由后文的“Peoplehaveshoutedathimand____himofbeingadrugaddict”可知，他日子不好過，因此空格處是“艱難的”，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們對(duì)他大吼大叫，懷疑他是個(gè)癮君子。A.suspected懷疑；B.reminded提醒；C.convinced使信服；D.informed通知。由后文的“himofbeingadrugaddict.”可知，他被懷疑是個(gè)癮君子，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于厭倦了被罵，他最近想要有個(gè)棲身之所。A.cover蓋子；B.sky天空；C.roof房頂；D.hat帽子。由第二段的“madeithardtoholddownaplace”和后文的“overhishead”可知，他沒有地方住，所以現(xiàn)在是想有個(gè)棲身之所，也就是希望頭上有屋頂，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他做了一個(gè)標(biāo)識(shí)，并把它帶到韋克菲爾德·阿爾迪外面他坐的地方，上面寫著:“我是邁克爾。我不吸毒也不喝酒我很不幸，最后無家可歸。我在找工作或任何零工。謝謝你的幫助和好意?！盇.delivered遞送；B.brought帶來；C.returned回來；D.introduced介紹。由后文的“towherehesatoutsideWakefieldAldi”可知，他做了一個(gè)標(biāo)識(shí)，并把它帶到韋克菲爾德·阿爾迪外面他坐的地方，因此空格處是“帶來”，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他做了一個(gè)標(biāo)識(shí)，并把它帶到韋克菲爾德·阿爾迪外面他坐的地方，上面寫著:“我是邁克爾。我不吸毒也不喝酒我很不幸，最后無家可歸。我在找工作或任何零工。謝謝你的幫助和好意。”A.gotover克服；B.givenup放棄；C.endedup最后；D.adaptedto適應(yīng)。“beinghomeless”是他現(xiàn)在所擁有的結(jié)果，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一位名叫MollieMay的女子找到了他，并在Facebook上分享了他的標(biāo)識(shí)。A.approached接近；B.praised表揚(yáng)；C.acpanied陪伴；D.accused控告。由后文的“Sheencouragedpassersbytogivehima”可知，一位名叫MollieMay的女子找到了他，并幫他，因此空格處是“接近”，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她鼓勵(lì)路人給他一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，或者讓她知道他們是否可以為他提供工作。A.message信息；B.ride乘坐（游樂設(shè)施）；C.seat座位；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。由最后一段的“heisgoingtograbthisopportunity”可知，她鼓勵(lì)路人給他一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，故選D。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然邁克爾還沒有找到工作，但已經(jīng)有越來越多的人停下來給他捐款，或者給他找點(diǎn)吃的。A.donate捐贈(zèng)；B.signal發(fā)信號(hào)；C.turn轉(zhuǎn)向；D.point指。由后文的“grabhimsomethingtoeat”可知，很多人給他捐款。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他籌集了150英鎊，并將這筆錢捐給了多米尼克住房服務(wù)公司(DominionHousingServices)，該公司為韋克菲爾德的失業(yè)者提供住房。A.advice建議；B.housing住房；C.food食物；D.clothing服裝。由“DominionHousingServices”可知，這是住房服務(wù)公司，那應(yīng)該是提供住房，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他已經(jīng)得到了一個(gè)住處，現(xiàn)在希望能在籌集到資金的情況下為其添置一些必需品，比如一臺(tái)烤面包機(jī)和一臺(tái)電視。A.essentials必需品；B.antiques古董；C.cookers炊具；D.paintings畫。由后文的“suchasatoasterandaTV”可知，一臺(tái)烤面包機(jī)和一臺(tái)電視是必需品，故選A。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)新的開始，我希望這將是我人生的新篇章。A.difficult困難的；B.random隨意的；C.painful痛苦的；D.fresh新的。由后文的“anewchapterofmylife”可知，這是一個(gè)新的開始，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們幫了我大忙。A.greeted問候；B.helped幫助；C.forgave原諒；D.instructed指示。由上文的“thankthepublic”可知，此處表示“他們幫了我大忙”，故選B。【34題詳解】考查介詞詞詞義辨析。句意：邁克爾現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)離開了街頭，計(jì)劃著他的未來。A.across從一邊到另一邊；B.on在......上面；C.beneath在......下面；D.off離開。由倒數(shù)第三段的“Hehasbeengivenaplacetostay”可知，他有地方住了，所以就不再在街頭流浪了，也就是離開了街頭，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：希望他能抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，不要讓它溜走。A.Patiently耐心地；B.Honestly誠實(shí)地；C.Hopefully有希望地；D.Secretly秘密地。由后文的“heisgoingtograbthisopportunitywithbothhandsandnotletitgo”可知，這是很有希望發(fā)生的，因此空格處是“有希望地”，故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MostpeopleassociatethepanyMichelinwithcartyres,guidebooksandstarsforqualityrestaurants.However,theFrenchtyremakerisnowhelpingshipstobemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Thepanyhastestedgiantsailsthatithopeswillmakeshippinggreener.Shipping____36____(current)producesalotofcarbondioxideasoiltankers,containershipsandgiantcruiseshipsrelyonfossilfuelstomovearoundtheworld’soceans.____37____(expert)saytheindustryproducesaround940milliontonsofCO2annually,andthatitisresponsibleforabout2.5percentoftheworld’sgreenhousegasses.Michelin’sengineers