GB/T 44218-2024微型揚(yáng)聲器測(cè)量方法

ICS33.160.50

CCSM72

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T44218—2024

微型揚(yáng)聲器測(cè)量方法

Methodsofmeasurementformicrospeakers

（IEC63034：2020，Microspeakers，MOD）

2024?07?24發(fā)布2025?02?01實(shí)施

國(guó)家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局

國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)發(fā)布

GB/T44218—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅴ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件········································································································1

3術(shù)語(yǔ)、定義和縮略語(yǔ)···································································································1

3.1術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義········································································································1

3.2縮略語(yǔ)··············································································································1

4測(cè)量條件·················································································································2

4.1額定條件···········································································································2

4.2氣候條件···········································································································2

4.3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)量條件·····································································································2

5聲學(xué)環(huán)境·················································································································3

5.1通則·················································································································3

5.2自由場(chǎng)條件········································································································3

5.3半自由場(chǎng)條件·····································································································3

5.4等效自由場(chǎng)條件··································································································3

5.5等效半自由場(chǎng)條件·······························································································3

6微型揚(yáng)聲器的安裝·····································································································3

6.1微型揚(yáng)聲器單元的安裝和聲負(fù)載·············································································3

6.2微型揚(yáng)聲器系統(tǒng)的安裝和聲負(fù)載·············································································4

6.3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)微障板········································································································4

6.4測(cè)量用平面波管··································································································5

7微型揚(yáng)聲器和測(cè)量傳聲器的位置···················································································5

7.1微型揚(yáng)聲器位置··································································································5

7.2在自由場(chǎng)或半自由場(chǎng)條件下的測(cè)量距離····································································6

7.3在等效自由場(chǎng)或半自由場(chǎng)條件下微型揚(yáng)聲器和傳聲器的位置·········································7

8測(cè)量設(shè)備·················································································································7

9測(cè)量準(zhǔn)確度··············································································································7

9.1通則·················································································································7

9.2不需要的聲噪聲和電噪聲······················································································7

9.3安裝的準(zhǔn)確度·····································································································7

9.4測(cè)量設(shè)備的準(zhǔn)確度·······························································································8

9.5聲學(xué)環(huán)境的準(zhǔn)確度·······························································································8

10接線端和控制器的標(biāo)識(shí)····························································································8

Ⅰ

GB/T44218—2024

10.1通則················································································································8

10.2正極················································································································8

11測(cè)量信號(hào)···············································································································8

11.1通則················································································································8

11.2穩(wěn)態(tài)正弦信號(hào)····································································································8

11.3正弦掃頻信號(hào)····································································································9

11.4離散多音正弦信號(hào)······························································································9

11.5寬帶噪聲信號(hào)··································································································10

11.6窄帶噪聲信號(hào)··································································································10

12預(yù)處理················································································································10

12.1環(huán)境預(yù)處理·····································································································10

12.2預(yù)負(fù)荷處理·····································································································10

13阻抗····················································································································10

13.1阻抗曲線········································································································10

13.2額定阻抗········································································································11

14微型揚(yáng)聲器的小信號(hào)參數(shù)·························································································11

14.1通則··············································································································11

14.2特性解釋········································································································11

14.3測(cè)量方法········································································································12

15位移特性··············································································································16

15.1位移曲線········································································································16

15.217

位移直流分量Xdc······························································································

15.317

最大線性位移X·······························································································d

15.418

額定正弦位移X·······························································································s

16幅頻響應(yīng)··············································································································18

16.1額定頻率范圍··································································································18

16.2頻率響應(yīng)········································································································18

16.3指定頻帶內(nèi)的平均聲壓級(jí)···················································································18

16.4有效頻率范圍··································································································19

17幅度非線性···········································································································19

17.1總諧波失真·····································································································19

17.2n次諧波失真···································································································20

17.3高次總諧波失真·······························································································20

17.4n次調(diào)制失真（n＝2或3）····················································································21

18聽(tīng)音試驗(yàn)··············································································································22

18.1正常工作的聽(tīng)音檢驗(yàn)·························································································22

Ⅱ

GB/T44218—2024

18.2非常規(guī)失真的聽(tīng)音檢驗(yàn)······················································································22

19輸入電壓或功率·····································································································22

19.1額定噪聲電壓或功率·························································································22

19.2短期最大輸入電壓或功率···················································································23

19.3長(zhǎng)期最大輸入電壓或功率···················································································24

19.4額定正弦電壓或功率·························································································24

20環(huán)境測(cè)試··············································································································25

20.1溫度范圍········································································································25

20.2濕度范圍········································································································25

20.3低溫貯存試驗(yàn)··································································································25

20.4低溫壽命試驗(yàn)··································································································25

20.5高溫貯存試驗(yàn)··································································································26

20.6高溫壽命試驗(yàn)··································································································26

20.7高低溫沖擊試驗(yàn)·······························································································27

20.8恒定濕熱試驗(yàn)··································································································27

21雜散磁場(chǎng)··············································································································28

21.1概述··············································································································28

21.2靜態(tài)分量········································································································28

21.3動(dòng)態(tài)分量········································································································29

22物理特性··············································································································29

22.1尺寸要求········································································································29

22.2質(zhì)量··············································································································29

23設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)··············································································································29

參考文獻(xiàn)····················································································································31

圖1標(biāo)準(zhǔn)微障板··········································································································4

圖2標(biāo)準(zhǔn)微障板的分障板······························································································5

圖3平面波管·············································································································5

圖4微型揚(yáng)聲器的額定幾何條件·····················································································6

圖5微型揚(yáng)聲器的阻抗曲線·························································································14

圖6峰值位移（peak/bottom）·························································································16

圖7位移曲線···········································································································17

圖8位移的直流分量··································································································17

圖9測(cè)試設(shè)備方框圖··································································································23

圖10雜散磁場(chǎng)測(cè)量裝置······························································································28

Ⅲ

GB/T44218—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

本文件修改采用IEC63034：2020《微型揚(yáng)聲器》。

本文件與IEC63034：2020的技術(shù)差異及其原因如下：

——增加了“范圍”的有關(guān)內(nèi)容（見(jiàn)第1章）；

——增加了縮略語(yǔ)“RMS”“DFT”“FFT”“THD”（見(jiàn)3.2）；

——用規(guī)范性引用的GB/T12060.1替換了IEC60268?1（見(jiàn)4.2、10.1、12.2、19.1.2、第9章~第21

章），以適應(yīng)我國(guó)的技術(shù)條件；

——用規(guī)范性引用的GB/T12060.2替換了IEC60268?2（見(jiàn)10.1、11.5），以適應(yīng)我國(guó)的技術(shù)條件；

——用規(guī)范性引用的GB/T3785.1替換了IEC60651（見(jiàn)11.5），IEC60651：1979已被IEC61672?

1：2002和IEC61672?2：2003代替，本文件的引用只涉及IEC61672?1。

本文件做了下列編輯性改動(dòng)：

——為與現(xiàn)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)調(diào)，將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱改為《微型揚(yáng)聲器測(cè)量方法》；

——更改了“等效自由場(chǎng)條件”和“等效半自由場(chǎng)條件”中的表述方式（見(jiàn)5.4和5.5）；

——更改了“雜散磁場(chǎng)”中“概述”的表述方式（見(jiàn)21.1）。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由中華人民共和國(guó)工業(yè)和信息化部提出。

本文件由全國(guó)音頻、視頻及多媒體系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)（SAC/TC242）歸口。

本文件起草單位：南京大學(xué)、瑞聲聲學(xué)科技（深圳）有限公司、歌爾股份有限公司、南京瑯聲聲學(xué)科

技有限公司、中國(guó)電子技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究院、江蘇裕成電子有限公司、華為終端有限公司、北京小米移動(dòng)

軟件有限公司、榮耀終端有限公司、OPPO廣東移動(dòng)通信有限公司、維沃移動(dòng)通信有限公司、中國(guó)計(jì)量

科學(xué)研究院、天津博頓電子有限公司、浙江旗聲電子科技股份有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：沈勇、陳思妙、吳志江、楊鑫峰、王涵、董桂官、華克、提純利、董永政、趙天宇、

張楊、周瑜、牛鋒、黃杰、湯赟、韓海云、李棟、朱守經(jīng)、張海宏、程心坤、馮雪磊、王富裕、張敬祥、張林峰。