2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit3SeaExploration單元測評課后習題含解析新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUnit3單元測評(時間:120分鐘滿分:150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。M:Excuseme,youdroppedsomething.Itlookslikeawallet.W:Oh?It’smypassport!Thankyousomuchforpickingitup!Itmusthavefallenfrommybag.1.Whatdidthewomandrop?A.Herwallet. B.Herbag. C.Herpassport.答案CW:Hi,Henry.Didyousayyou’regoingtotakeavacationnextweek?M:Actually,I’mleavingforSanFranciscothisweekend.W:Cool.ButIcan’tgetawayuntiltheendofAugust.2.WhenwillHenrystarthisvacation?A.Thisweekend.B.Nextweek.C.AttheendofAugust.答案AW:ThemuseumhasextrahoursonThursdaythisweek.Wecouldfinallygoafterwork.M:Iwasplanningtoplaybasketballthatnight,but...IcanchangeittoFriday.3.WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday?A.Haveadayoff.B.Gotothemuseum.C.Playbasketball.答案BM:Wehaven’tseensnowinthreeyears.Let’sdrivetothemountainsthiswinter.W:Wecaninvitemyparents,too.Theycanplaywiththekidswhilewegoskiing.4.Whydoesthewomanwanttoinviteherparents?A.Theylikeskiing.B.Theywanttoclimbmountains.C.Theycanlookafterthechildren.答案CM:Goodmorning,madam.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Well,thesleevesofthisjacketaretoolong.Canyoumakethemshorter?M:Letmetakealook.Okay,Icandoitfor20dollars.5.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’satailor.B.He’sawaiter.C.He’sashopassistant.答案A其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。W:ThebiggestmistakeImade,uh...wasleavingcollegeinmylastyearandnotcompletingmyeducation.So,I’mthinkingofgoingbacktoschool.M:School?Tostudywhat?W:Ecology.I’minterestedintherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.M:Cool.Isitwhatyoustudiedyearsago?W:No,Imajoredinchemistrythen.6.Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.答案B7.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology. B.Education. C.Chemistry.答案A聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。W:Whatareyoulookingat,Jim?M:I’mreadinganarticleabouttheworld’shomelesspopulation.W:Homelesspopulation?M:Yes,sociologistsdefinehomelesspeopleasthosewhohavenofixedshelteronanygivennight.Thesefiguresshowfivecountrieswithlargehomelesspopulation.W:Wow,that’samazing.IneverrealizedthatthereweresomanyhomelesspeopleinGermanyandFrance.M:Youknowwhat?OurowncountrytheUSAranksnumberoneamongthesecountries!W:Surelynot!Indiatopsthelistwiththreemillionhomelesspeople.M:Well,itdependsonhowyoulookatit.AlthoughwehaveamillionfewerhomelesspeoplethanIndia,wehavethehighestpercentageofhomelesspeople.8.Howdoesthemangettheinformationabouthomelesspopulation?A.Fromanarticle.B.Fromtheradio.C.FromTⅤ.答案A9.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthefiguresofhomelesspeople?A.Proper. B.Amazed. C.Puzzled.答案B10.Whichcountryhasthehighestpercentageofhomelesspeople?A.India. B.TheUS. C.Germany.答案B聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。W:CanIhelpyou,sir?M:I’dliketobuyacamera.W:Right.Wehaveordinarycameras,moviecamerasandvideocameras.They’realldigital.M:Well,Iamthinkingofavideocamera.W:Let’ssee.Howmuchdoyouwanttospend,sir?M:Oh,I’mnotreallysure.Whatistheprice?W:Well,thatdependsonthemodelandanythingelseyouwanttohavewithit.M:Isee.W:Howaboutthisone?Ithasoneofthenewmemorysticks,andaprotectivecaseforfilmingunderwatersoyoucantakeitwhenyougodiving.M:Doesithaveauto-focus?W:No,itdoesn’t.M:That’sokay.Theunderwaterfilmingisimportantforme,actually.Howmuchisthis?W:Itcosts650euros.M:Oh,that’sabitexpensiveforme.Haveyougotanythingsimilarbutlessexpensive?W:Well,hereisthesaleoftheweek.It’sexcellentfortheprice,only470euros,anditincludes...11.Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?A.ATVcamera.B.Avideocamera.C.Amoviecamera.答案B12.Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Underwaterfilming.B.Alargememory.C.Auto-focus.答案A13.Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A.950euros. B.650euros. C.470euros.答案C聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。M:Hello.IsthatCathy?W:Yes,speaking.M:Thereisareallygoodfilmonatthecinemathisweek.WouldyouliketoseeitwithmeonFridayevening?W:No.I’mafraidIcan’t.I’mgoingtotakepartinameetingatPekingUniversityonFriday.M:Whatapity!Howlongwillthemeetinglast?W:Itdepends.I’dlovetoseeasciencefictionfilm.M:Iknowyoulikeit.Bothofuslikesciencefictionfilmssincechildhood.W:Icanneverforgetthefirstsciencefictionfilmwewatchedtogether.M:Yes,StarWars!Itwassoexciting!Wecouldnotfallasleepafterthefilmalthoughitlasted2hoursuntil11o’clock.Well,whataboutSaturdaythen?W:Thatwouldbegreat.Whattimedoesitstart?M:At7:00pm.Wouldyouliketogoforadrinkfirst?W:Yes,fine.Issixo’clockOK?Wecanmeetoutsidethecinema.M:OK.14.WherewillthewomangoonFriday?A.ToPekingUniversity.B.Tothecinema.C.Totheman’shome.答案A15.Whatkindoffilmdoesthewomanlike?A.Actionfilms.B.Sciencefictionfilms.Cedies.答案B16.WhattimedidStarWarsstart?A.At11:00pm.B.At9:00pm.C.At2:00pm.答案B17.WhatwilltheydofirstonSaturdayevening?A.Buythetickets.B.Watchthefilm.C.Haveadrink.答案C聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。Hello,everyone.TodayI’mgoingtotalkaboutsmalltalk,thatis,shortconversationspeopleoftenhavewithstrangerstheymeet.Suchexchangesoccuratbusstops,onbuses,whilewaitinginline,almostanywherethatstrangersgatherclosetogether.Asamatteroffact,theseshortconversationsareagoodwayforpeopletosayhelloandexpressfriendliness.Suchconversationsusuallycoverawiderangeoftopics.Thetopicsmayincludeweather,customerservice,movies,TVshows,localsportsorlatestnews.Butyoushouldalwayskeepitinyourmindthatprivatequestionsaboutsalaries,familylife,religiousbeliefsandpoliticsshouldbeavoidedduringtheseconversations.Besides,it’sbettertoaskopen-endedquestions.Ifyouaskvisitors,“Doyoulikeourcity?”Theymaysaysimply,“Yes”.Ontheotherhand,ifyouask,“Whatdoyouthinkofourcity?”Theywillhavemorefreedominanswering.Thistypeofquestionalsoshowsthatyouareinterestedinthem.Ifyouappearinterestedinwhatpeoplearesaying,they’dfeelmorecomfortabletalkingwithyou.18.Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Relatives. B.Strangers. C.Visitors.答案B19.Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A.Toexpressopinions.B.Toavoidarguments.C.Toshowfriendliness.答案C20.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendattheendofhislecture?A.Askingopen-endedquestions.B.Feelingfreetochangetopics.C.Makingsmalltalkinteresting.答案A其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhenyouthrowsomethinginthetrash,soonagarbagetruckwillcometotakeitaway.Thenwheredoesitgo?Thatdependsonwhereyoulive.Differenttownsdealwithtrashindifferentways.RecyclingArecyclingtruckpicksuppaper,cardboard,metal,plasticandglass.Thesegototherecyclingplanttobesortedandmadeintonewthings.IncineratorAnincineratorisahugestovethatburnstrashtomakeheatandelectricity.Theashthat’sleftgetsburiedinalandfill.Trashashcanbepoisonous,soithastobestoredcarefully.Butittakesupalotlessroomthanjustplaintrash.CompostFoodwastemightgotoacomposter.Inacompostheap(堆肥堆),bacteriaandwormsbreakdowndeadplantsandoldfood.Theyturnitintogood,richoil.Somepeoplekeepcompostheapsintheirgardens.Bigcommercialcompostershandlewastefromrestaurantsandfarms.LandfillsSometrashgetsburiedinlandfills.Alandfillstartsasabighole.Trucksdumptrash.Bigearthmoverspushitintoplaceandcrushitdown.Theycoverthetrashwithdirttokeepscavengers(食腐動物)away.Thebottomofalandfillislinedwithabarriertokeepbadthingsfromleakingintotheground.Pipesdrainawayliquid.Whenthelandfillisfull,it’scoveredwithearth.Itmightbecomeaparkorlawn.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了垃圾處理的四種方法。21.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Recyclinghelpstogenerateenergy.B.Bacteriaandwormshelphandlefoodwaste.C.Thelandfillisusedtodrivescavengersaway.D.Trashashiscarefullyhandledtosaveroom.答案B解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Compost中的其次句“Inacompostheap,bacteriaandwormsbreakdowndeadplantsandoldfood.”可知,B項“細菌和蠕蟲有助于處理剩下的食物”正確。22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”(Para.4)referto?A.Deadplants. Bposers.C.Bacteriaandworms. D.Foodwasteandsoil.答案C解析代詞指代題。依據(jù)畫線詞前面的“bacteriaandwormsbreakdowndeadplantsandoldfood”以及“...turnitintogood,richoil.”可知,此處的they指的就是“Bacteriaandworms”。23.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toinformusoftrashtreatment.B.Toappealfortrashclassification.C.Todiscusssolutionstotrashpollution.D.Toraiseawarenessoftheharmoftrash.答案A解析寫作目的題。依據(jù)表格第一段最終一句“Differenttownsdealwithtrashindifferentways(不同的城市有不同的處理垃圾的方法)”以及表格中的四個小標題Recycling(循環(huán)),Incinerator(焚燒),Compost(堆肥)以及Landfills(填埋)可知,這篇文章是在向讀者介紹四種垃圾處理的方法,所以選A項。BTheworldcanbeascaryplacewhenyou’reyoung.Itcanbeevenscarierwhenyou’reayounglittlebluepenguin(企鵝)—thetiniestofthepenguinspecies.Luckily,therearesomehumanswillingtohelp.TheysteppedintoprotectBilly,abluepenguinthatappearedonabeachinChristchurch,NewZealand.SpottedonNovember29attheslipwayatMoncksBay,nearSumner,inChristchurch,thelittlepenguinimmediatelyattractedasmallcrowd.JeffMeinSmithsawthecrowdwhilehewasbicyclingthatafternoon,andhebikedhometogethiscamera.Whenhereturnedtothescene,hefoundthatthepenguinhadreceivedalittlesign,onethatread“Hi,I’mwaitingformymumtocomeback.DOC(DepartmentofConservation)knowsI’mhere.Pleaseleavemealone.Keepyourdogaway.Thanks.Billy—thebabybluepenguin.”Billydidn’tmoveawayfromthesign.TheDOCarrivedlaterthatafternoontopickupBilly,thoughtheyweresurprisedtoseeitonthebeach.“It’sunusualforabluepenguintobeoutintheopenonthebeachduringtheday,”AnitaSpencer,aDOCseniorranger,toldStuff.BillywastakentotheChristchurchPenguinRehabilitationCentreafterbeingretrievedfromthebeach.Volunteersbelievethebirdmayactuallybeafemalepenguin,andisaround2monthsold.Thechickweighsamere550grams,lessthanastandardbasketball.Abluepenguinshouldweigharound900gramsatthisage.Mostlittlepenguinsgrowuptoweigh1kilogram.Thecentrewillhelpthelittlepenguingainsomeweightbyfeedingitfishjuice,beforeit’ssetfreeintotheocean.【語篇解讀】本文主要講解并描述了一只小藍企鵝在人們的幫助下最終得救的故事。24.Whycantheworldbefrighteningtoayoungpenguin?A.Itisararespecies.B.Itfacespotentialdanger.C.Itissurroundedbythecrowd.D.Itisthreatenedbydogs.答案B解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的內(nèi)容,尤其是“Pleaseleavemealone.Keepyourdogaway.”可知,當時有人在那只小藍企鵝旁邊豎了一個牌子警示人們不要打攪它,不要讓狗靠近它。由此可推知,對于那只小藍企鵝來講,這個世界是可怕的,因為它面臨著一些潛在的危急。故B項正確。25.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatBilly.

A.isafemalepenguinB.hasexpresseditsthanksC.weighslessforitsageD.preferslivingonthebeach答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Thechickweighsamere550grams,lessthanastandardbasketball.Abluepenguinshouldweigharound900gramsatthisage.”可知,這只小藍企鵝體重只有550克,而處于它這個年齡的小藍企鵝的體重應達到900克左右。由此可推知,這只小藍企鵝的體重低于它這個年齡的小藍企鵝的體重。故C項正確。26.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“retrieved”inParagraph4?A.Ignored. B.Cured.C.Givenaway. D.Broughtback.答案D解析詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第四段第一句“BillywastakentotheChristchurchPenguinRehabilitationCenterafterbeingretrievedfromthebeach.”可知,這只小藍企鵝是從沙灘上被帶到克賴斯特徹奇的一個企鵝康復中心的。由此可推知,畫線詞與broughtback“帶回”意思相近。故D項正確。27.WhatwillhappentoBillyinthecentre?A.ItwillbereportedtoStuff.B.Itwillbevisitedbythelocals.C.Itwillbetakengoodcareof.D.Itwillbefedwithfruitjuice.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可知,在這只小藍企鵝被放回海洋之前,康復中心會幫助它增加一些體重。由此可推知,在企鵝康復中心里,這只小藍企鵝會得到很好的照看。故C項正確。CFemalesealsdon’tchangetheirspots,accordingtoanewstudybyUniversityofAlbertabiologists.Infact,individualdifferencesinboldnessremainconsistent(一樣的)overtime.Thestudyisamongthefirsttoexamineboldnessinwildmarinemammalsinthefieldofanimalpersonality.Animalpersonalityinfluencesmanyecologicalprocesses,likehowindividualsinteractwithotherspeciesorrespondtochangingenvironmentalconditions.ResearchersstudiedfemalesealsonSableIsland,hometotheworld’slargestgreysealcolony.Overaperiodfrom2008to2024,biologistChristiBubacandafieldteamledbyFisheriesandOceansCanadameasuredboldnessresponsesinthefemalesealswhendefendingtheiryoung.“Duringthebreedingseason,wesawthatfemalestendtobehaveconsistently,notonlybetweenyears,butalsowithinthelactationperiod(哺乳期)ofagivenyear,”explainedBubac,leadauthorandPhDstudentintheDepartmentofBiologicalSciencesstudyingwithwildlifegeneticistDavidColtman.“Thisprovidesanexampleofanimalpersonality,withconsistentindividualdifferencesobservedovertime.”Bubacalsoexaminedhowreproductivesuccessisrelatedtoaseal’sboldnessorshyness.Greysealsnursefor16to18days,somothersealshaveaveryshortwindowtogetbabysealsasfatastheycan.Duringthistime,babysealstriple(增至三倍)inbodymass.Bodymassisagoodpredictorofreproductivesuccessbecauseitindicatesthepuppies’chancesofsurvival.“Onaverage,wefoundthatbolderfemalesstopfeedingthosethataretwokilogramsheavier,comparedwiththeshyestfemales,improvingtheirchancesofsurvivingthefirstyearoflife,”saidBubac.Theseresultspresentsomeveryinterestingbiologicalquestions,explainedColtman,professorofbiology.“Thisresearchshowsthatyounggreysealmomsthatareboldtendtostopfeedinglargerpuppiescomparedwithshymoms.However,oldergreysealsalsotendtobebolder.Ifbolderanimalshavebiggerpupsandlivelonger,whydoesvariationinboldnessremain?Whybeshy?”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。海豹也是有特性的,而海豹的特性差異會影響后代繁衍。28.Whatisthepurposeofthestudyofseals?A.Totesttheireffectsonecologicalprocesses.B.Tostudyhowsealsinteractwitheachother.C.Tocheckhowtheenvironmentaffectsmammals.D.Toexaminemarinemammals’personalitydifference.答案D解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Thestudyisamongthefirsttoexamineboldnessinwildmarinemammalsinthefieldofanimalpersonality.”可知,探討的目的是了解海洋野生哺乳動物的特性差異。29.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Animalshaveremainedtheirpersonalitysincetheywereborn.B.Femalesealsbehavemoreboldlyinthelactationperiod.C.Seals’boldnessresponsesremainthesameovertime.D.Thestudyonseals’personalityhasbeenverymature.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Duringthebreedingseason...withinthelactationperiodofagivenyear”及“Thisprovidesanexampleofanimalpersonality,withconsistentindividualdifferencesobservedovertime.”可知,海豹的英勇性保持不變。30.WhichofthefollowingmayChristiBubacagreewith?A.Bolderfemalesealsadjustthenursingtimetotheirbabies’weight.B.Mothersealstendtogetbabiesasslimaspossible.C.Itusuallytakesmotherseals20daystonurse.D.Bolderfemalesealsfeedlessthanshyones.答案A解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Bodymassisagoodpredictorofreproductivesuccessbecauseitindicatesthepuppies’chancesofsurvival.”可知,更英勇的海豹媽媽喂養(yǎng)寶寶的時間長短以寶寶的體重為依據(jù)。31.Wherearewemostlikelytoreadthetext?A.Inatravelguide. B.Inatextbook.C.Inamagazine. D.Inanartgallery.答案C解析推理推斷題。通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了海豹的特性差異以及對后代的繁衍,屬于探討報告,最可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上。D(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn’tcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(時裝)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海貍鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear,”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecan’thandlethisnon-nativespecies(物種).It’sdestroyingtheenvironment.It’sthemorus,”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysit’snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMouton’sjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She’stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。海貍鼠對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了嚴峻的破壞,因此科學家們激勵人們捕獵海貍鼠,并把它們的毛皮制成時裝。32.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.答案A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知,在這兩個城市舉辦的時裝展不同尋常,假如了解了背后的緣由,人們就不必因為穿著用動物毛皮制作的衣服而感到內(nèi)疚。由此推斷出,時裝展的目的是宣揚推廣用海貍鼠的毛皮制成的時裝。故選A項。33.Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.B.Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.C.Nutriahurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.D.Nutriaareillegallyhunted.答案A解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,科學家們之所以關切海貍鼠,是因為它們嚴峻破壞了當?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選A項。34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Boomed. B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable. D.Crashed.答案D解析詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞所在句的句意,尤其是but前面出現(xiàn)的短語keepsthincheck“將……限制住”可推斷出,該畫線詞意為“崩潰;暴跌;倒閉”。故選D項。35.WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A.It’sformal. B.It’srisky.C.It’sharmful. D.It’straditional.答案B解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Morgan所說的話可以推斷出,在紐約,穿皮草是一件很冒險的事情,因為可能會有人往你身上潑油漆。故選B項。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thousandsofyearsago,peoplestartedbuildingboatstohelpthemexplorethewaterypartsoftheworld.Boatsletpeoplefindnewhuntinggroundsanddiscovernewlands.36

Theearliestboatswereprobablylogsthatpeoplesatonastheyfloateddownstream.Later,peoplemadetheselogsmoreusefulandcomfortablebyburningandscrapingawaytheinsidestomakedugoutboatsandcanoes.37Theytiedlogstogethertomakerafts.Theywovereedsandbranchestomaketidylittleboatsthatarestillusedinmanypartsoftheworldtoday.Theysewedanimalskinstogetherandfilledthemwithair—likeafloatyoumightuseinaswimmingpool.Theyusedpaddles,poles,andoarstohelpsteer,ortomoveupstream.

BoatsliketheGreektrireme(三列槳船)werebigandheavyandhardtosteer.38Soonpeoplefiguredouthowtousesailstocatchthewind.Earlysailboatsmightonlyhaveoneortwosails.Butmoresailsmeantmorepower,andfasttallshipscouldhavedozens.Peoplestillusesailboatstoday,forcruisingandracing.

Whensteamengineswereinvented,boatingbecameeasierthanever.39Asenginesgotbiggerandbetter,sodidboats.

Overtheyears,boatshavebeenusedforfishing,forfighting,forcarryinggoods,forfun—evenforlivingon.40

A.Theworldisawateryplace.B.Ittookhundredsofrowerstomoveaboatlikethat.C.Peopleexperimentedwithdifferentkindsoffloatingboats.D.Boatshaveturnedtheworld’swaterwaysintohighways.E.Untilpeoplelearnedtobuildboats,allthiswaterwasabarrier.F.Theycarriedpeopleandgoodsfartherthanthey’veevergonebefore.G.Shipswithsteamenginescouldsaillongdistances,eveniftherewasnowind.答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文講解并描述了船的產(chǎn)生及其發(fā)展過程。輪船使得世界上的水路變成了高速馬路。36.F依據(jù)“Boatsletpeoplefindnewhuntinggroundsanddiscovernewlands.”可知,所填的句子和上文是并列關系,介紹船的作用,所以選F項。37.C由本段中提到的“tiedlogstogethertomakerafts”“wovereedsandbranchestomaketidylittleboats”和“sewedanimalskinstogether...”可知,本段的主題句應為人們用很多材料進行試驗,所以選C項。38.B依據(jù)“...werebigandheavyandhardtosteer.”可知,B項符合語境。39.G解答本題的關鍵是“steamengines”,G項中有“steamengines”,而且語意與文章一樣。40.D所填的句子是對全文的總結。D項“船使得世界上的水路變成了高速馬路”是對文章的概括和總結。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Mostofushaveexperiencedachangeofimageatsometimeinourlives.Thechangemaybeso41thathardlyanyonenoticesthedifference,oritmaybesogreatthatevenourclosefriendsdon’timmediately42us.

Changesofimagemaybepersonalorpublic.A(n)43changeissomethingthatis44forusasindividualsbutfairlynormalforsociety.45,ifamangetshisheadshaved,thismaybeanimportantchangeforhimpersonally,butitisn’t46forsocietyingeneral.However,inmanypartsoftheworld,peoplecan’tstandawomangettingherheadshaved.WhenAmericanpopstarBritneySpearsshavedherhead,manypeopledecidedthatshemustbelosingher47.

Headshavingmay48somepeoplebecauseofitsshockvalue—itmaybeasymbolofindependence,ofescapefrom49attitudes.Itisaverypublicactanditforcespeopleto50youdifferently.Inthatway,itisperhapssimilartopiercing(扎眼).Peoplethinkthatwhentheyhaveitdone,theyare51whattheylooklike.Notallpiercingisshocking,however.Forwomen,havingyourearspiercedisseenasquite52,whilehavinganosestud(鼻飾)isslightlyunusual,53stillnotshocking.Formenontheotherhand,wearingearringsisstillquitesurprisingandpiercingofotherpartsofthefacecannotbe54insomeplaces.

Onereasonwhypiercingmaybeshockingisthatitsuggestsself-inflicted(加于自身的)pain,whichsomepeoplemightfind55tosee.Inthatrespect,itisliketattoos(紋身).Buthavingatattoodoneisoftenacauseforregretbecausetattoosaremorepermanent.It’ssaidthat75%ofpeopleeventuallyregrethavingatattoodone.

【語篇解讀】本文是爭論文。文章探討了變更個人形象可能給個人和社會帶來的影響。41.A.rapid B.real C.slight D.sudden答案C解析依據(jù)下文的“hardlyanyonenoticesthedifference”和“great”可知,此處指“微小的(slight)變更”。42.A.believe B.recognize C.praise D.ignore答案B解析依據(jù)上文的“great”可知,有時變更大得連好摯友都不能立即“認出(recognize)”我們。43.A.personal B.final C.public D.entire答案A解析依據(jù)上文的“personalorpublic”和下文的“asindividuals”可知,此處介紹“個人的(personal)”變更。44.A.new B.nice Cplete D.great答案A解析依據(jù)下文的“butfairlynormalforsociety”可知,這對于自己來說是一種“新的(new)”變更。45.A.Atfirst B.InadditionC.Aboveall D.Forexample答案D解析依據(jù)下文的“ifamangetshisheadshaved”可知,此處在“舉例(Forexample)”。46.A.shocking B.interestingC.preferable D.practical答案A解析依據(jù)上文的“fairlynormalforsociety”可知,男人剃光頭不會讓人覺得“驚訝(shocking)”。47.A.heart B.mind C.place D.life答案B解析依據(jù)However可知,本部分與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關系,指在很多地方人們無法容忍女人剃光頭。因此,人們看到BritneySpears剃了光頭時,都覺得她“腦子(mind)”不正常。48.A.attract B.changeC.frighten D.challenge答案A解析依據(jù)下文的“itmaybeasymbolofindependence”可知,此處談剃光頭“吸引(attract)”人的緣由。49.A.realistic B.carelessC.negative D.conventional答案D解析依據(jù)常識可知,此處與independence并列,指剃光頭是獨立的、不被“傳統(tǒng)的(conventional)”思想禁錮的象征。50.A.like B.treat C.know D.find答案B解析之所以特立獨行是希望人們“對待(treat)”自己時可以有所不同。51.A.showing B.destroyingC.imagining D.controlling答案D解析上文講人們通過剃光頭來變更別人對自己的看法,與此“相像(similar)”,人們認為自己可以通過扎耳洞、戴鼻飾等行為“限制(controlling)”自己的外表。52.A.normal B.cruel C.painful D.strange答案A解析依據(jù)常識及上文的“Notallpiercingisshocking”可知,女人扎耳洞是很“尋常(normal)”的事。53.A.so B.but C.for D.or答案B解析雖然女人戴鼻飾有些不同尋常,“但是(but)”仍不至于在社會上引起軒然大波。54.A.noticed B.explainedC.prevented D.accepted答案D解析本段比較了男女的不同。依據(jù)ontheotherhand可知,男人戴耳飾被認為是一種“令人驚異的(surprising)”行為,要是在身體其他部位打洞在一些地方根本不被人“接受(accepted)”。55.A.impossible B.uncertainC.unusual D.uncomfortable答案D解析大家之所以覺得打洞不簡單接受是因為這種行為所帶來的難受讓很多人“不舒適(uncomfortable)”。其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thedaybeforeheheadstoawar,anundefeated56.(command)namedQihasadreaminwhichhelosesabattleanddies.Whenhewakesup,Qigetsreadytogoandfight.Whilegainingsuccessivevictories,Qidecidestocelebrate,althoughthereisafinalbattle57.(wait)forhim.Whenhegets58.(drink)andfallsasleepinhistent,Qi’sarmy59.(attack)bytheenemyandhegetskilledjustashisdreampredicted.ThisisthestorythathasinspiredthelatestKunquOperaproduction.

AsoneoftheoldestofthetraditionalChineseopera60.(form),KunquOpera,whichisabout600yearsold,61.(combine)singing,dancingandlyricalrecitationperformedintheSuzhoudialect(方言).UNESCOlistedKunquOperaasanintangibleheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))ofhumanityin2001.

Earlierthisyear,aplanofcombiningKunquOperaandtraditionalChineseidiomswasdeveloped,62.wouldallowyoungChinesedirectorsandKunquOperaperformers63.(work)together.TheyoungartistsareworkingondevelopingoriginalplaysbasedontraditionalChineseidiomstokeep64.traditionalivewhilemakingitpopularagain65.newideas.

答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項將昆曲和中國傳統(tǒng)成語結合起來的安排。該安排使年輕的藝術家們致力于創(chuàng)作基于中國傳統(tǒng)成語的原創(chuàng)戲劇,以保持昆曲傳統(tǒng)的活力,同時讓它以新的理念再次流行起來。56mander考查名詞。冠詞an以及形容詞undefeated修飾名詞,且空格處后的“namedQi”表明空格處須要一個表示身份的名詞,故填commander,表示“指揮官,將軍”。57.waiting考查非謂語動詞形式。battle與wait之間構成邏輯上的主謂關系,故用動詞-ing形式作后置定語,故填waiting。58.drunk考查形容詞。此處缺少形容詞作gets的表語,故填drunk,表示“喝醉了的”。59.isattacked考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。依據(jù)語境可知,全文的基礎時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,Qi’sarmy與attack之間構成被動關系,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),故填isattacked。60.forms考查名詞。oneof后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),故填forms。61bines考查時態(tài)和主謂一樣。分析句子結構可知,空白處須要填寫謂語動詞,由于陳述的是客觀事實,故用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語是KunquOpera,表示單數(shù)概念,故謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故填combines。62.which考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結構可知,此處引導非限制性定語從句,指代整個主句內(nèi)容并在從句中作主語,故用關系代詞which。63.towork考查動詞不定式。allowsbtodosth表示“允許某人做某事”,動詞不定式作賓語補足語,故填towork。64.the考查冠詞。此處特指昆曲的傳統(tǒng),所以用定冠詞表特指,故填the。65.with考查介詞。分析句子結構可知,此處用“with+名詞”作狀語,表示“以,用”,故填with。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假如你是李華,你的美國摯友Jenny來信說她想在暑假期間來中國學習漢語并對中國戲劇也感愛好。請你用英語給她回信,供應一些建議。內(nèi)容包括:1.參與漢語學習班等;2.觀看京劇專場演出;3.你對她中國之行的愿望。留意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié),以使行文連貫。

參考范文DearJenny,IamgladtoknowthatyouarecomingtoChinaforlearningChineselanguagethissummervacation.Besides,hearingthatyouareinterestedinBeijingOpera,I’dliketooffersomesuggestionstoyou.Firstly,you’dbetterapplyforaChineselanguagetrainingclass