江蘇省淮安市2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期5月調(diào)研試題含解析VIP

PAGE31-江蘇省淮安市2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期5月調(diào)研試題（含解析）其次部分英語學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題、每小題1分，滿分15分）請仔細(xì)閱讀下面各題，從慰中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)簽題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Youcouldgetintoasituation_________youhavetodecideimmediately.A.what B.which C.where D.that【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：你很簡單進(jìn)入到這樣一種狀況中，在那種狀況下，你須要快速地進(jìn)行確定。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞situation是抽象地點(diǎn)名詞，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where，相當(dāng)于inwhich。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】situation后接where定語從句的用法與考題名詞situation后有時(shí)可接where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，where大致相當(dāng)于inwhich。如：Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一種難以辨別是非的局面。Ifyourisksomethingimportant,youcauseittobeinadangeroussituationwhereyoumightloseit.你假如拿重要的東西去冒險(xiǎn)，那你就是將它置于一種可能會(huì)失去它的危急境地。2.He_________himselfadvancedEnglishallbyhimselfbythetimeheturned18.A.taught B.hadtaught C.hastaught D.wouldteach【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他在18歲之前已經(jīng)自學(xué)高級英語課程。依據(jù)后文bythetime可知應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)，且“自學(xué)”發(fā)生在“turned”之前，即“過去的過去”故用過去完成時(shí)。故選B。3.Icanstillremembermychildhoodlife,_________itwassolongago.A.ifonly B.asthough C.eventhough D.incase【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查連接詞辨析。句意：即使我的童年生活早就離我遠(yuǎn)去，但我還是能依稀記得那段時(shí)間。A.ifonly但愿；B.asthough似乎；C.eventhough即使；D.incase以防萬一。依據(jù)句意，此處為讓步狀語從句，表示“即使”應(yīng)用eventhough引導(dǎo)。故選C。【點(diǎn)睛】英語讓步狀語從句用法歸納1.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有although,though,however(=nomatterhow),evenif(即使),whether…or(不論……還是)等連詞。如：Ican’tfindmypenthoughI’velookedeverywhere.我到處找那支鋼筆,可就是找不到。Hepersuadedhertogotoschool,eventhoughshedidnotwantto.即使她不想去上學(xué)，他還是勸服她去。2.as也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但要將名詞、形容詞或副詞等提到as前，若提前的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，要省略a/an。如：Teacherasheis,hecan’tknoweverything.雖然是老師，他也不行能什么都懂。3.連詞while有時(shí)也可表示“盡管”、“雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Whilewedon’tagreewecontinuetobefriends.盡管我們看法不同，我們還是摯友。4.whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Weshalldefendourcity,whateverthecostmaybe.不管代價(jià)如何,我們要捍衛(wèi)我們的城市。Thebusinesswouldbeasuccess,whoeverownedit.不論什么人經(jīng)營，這生意都會(huì)勝利。Howeverhotitis,hewillnottakeoffhiscoat.無論多熱,他也不會(huì)脫掉外衣。4.Ithasrainedcatsanddogsfordays.Ihopeitwill___________nextweek.A.stepup B.makeup C.takeup D.clearup【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：最近連著下了好幾天雨，我真希望下周天氣能放晴啊。A.stepup加緊速度，提高，走進(jìn)；B.makeup化妝，彌補(bǔ)，編造；C.takeup拿起，起先從事；D.clearup天氣放晴，清理打掃。承接上文Ithasrainedcatsanddogsfordays.可知是希望下周天氣放晴。故選D。5.Therecanbenodoubt____________teacherslovehardworkingstudents.A.where B.that C.which D.whether【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查同位語從句連接詞。句意：毫無疑問老師都喜愛用功的學(xué)生。固定句型Thereisnodoubtthat…表示“毫無疑問……”，that后面的內(nèi)容就是毫無疑問的事實(shí)。故選B。6.Thecompanyismakingalong-term__________tobreakingintotheAmericanmarket.A.complaint B.comment C.commitment D.contribution【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司正長期致力于打入美國市場。A.complaint埋怨；B.comment評價(jià)；C.commitment致力于，投入；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)，捐贈(zèng)。結(jié)合后文tobreakingintotheAmericanmarket可知該公司正長期致力于打入美國市場。故選C。7.Boboftenworksbutinthegym,soitisnowonderthatheis____________.A.incontrol B.inpanic C.inshape D.ineffect【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：Bob常常在健身房運(yùn)動(dòng)，難怪他身材那么好呢。A.incontrol限制；B.inpanic恐驚；C.inshape身材保持的好；D.ineffect事實(shí)上，生效。結(jié)合上文Boboftenworksbutinthegym可知是指Bob的身材好。故選C。8.-Doyoustillwanttobecomeaprofessionalfootballer?-Thatambitionhasneverdied.I'mstillas__________anddeterminedtomakeit.A.elegant B.embarrassed C.explicit D.enthusiastic【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：——你還想成為一個(gè)職業(yè)的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員嗎？——我這個(gè)幻想從未破滅過。我仍一如既往地對足球懷有熱忱，并決心實(shí)現(xiàn)成為運(yùn)動(dòng)員的幻想。A.elegant優(yōu)雅的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.explicit詳盡的；D.enthusiastic熱忱的，興奮的。依據(jù)上文Thatambitionhasneverdied.可知我仍舊對足球懷有熱忱。故選D。9.Iwasabouttogiveuphalfwaywhenmyteacher____________toencouragemetocarryon.A.hascome B.comes C.wascoming D.came【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：正值我準(zhǔn)備半路放棄時(shí)，我的老師來到了我的身邊給我激勵(lì)，激勵(lì)我接著前行，永不放棄。前半句wasaboutto表示過去將來時(shí)，when后面從句也須要用一般過去時(shí)，故用came，故選D。10.Helenborrowedmybooktheotherday,promising__________itsoon.A.toreturn B.returned C.returning D.havingreturned【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：Helen在幾天前借了我的書，答應(yīng)我會(huì)立刻還給我。后半句作非謂語，考查短語promisetodosth.表示“承諾做某事”，后跟不定式作賓語。故選A。11.-IhadbutterfliesinmystomachbeforeIgavethattalk.-I__________nervoustooifIhadbeeninyoushoes.A.was B.wouldbe C.hadbeen D.wouldhavebeen【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：——我在演講前心里始終忐忑擔(dān)心?！偃绠?dāng)時(shí)我是你的話，我也會(huì)很驚慌的。依據(jù)后文hadbeen可知此處表示對過去的虛擬，從句用hadbeen，主句用wouldhavedonesth，故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】if虛擬條件句和對應(yīng)主句的動(dòng)詞形式列表：條件從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語動(dòng)詞形式與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)haddonewould/could/might/shouldhavedone與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)過去時(shí)(was→were)would/could/might/shoulddo與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)過去時(shí)(was→were);shoulddo;weretodowould/could/might/shoulddo有時(shí)假設(shè)的狀況并不是以if引導(dǎo)的條件從句形式出現(xiàn)，而是通過一些短語等形式示意虛擬語氣的存在，常用的詞語有with,without,butfor,otherwise,or，even,incaseof,whatif(假如…將如何)等等，這種句子往往有主句而無從句(考試時(shí)多數(shù)狀況是對過去的假。但是可以轉(zhuǎn)化成if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。分析句子可知，本句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。從句為：IfIhadnothadyourrecommendation,主句為：Iwouldhavemissedit。故D選項(xiàng)正確。12.Ilookedaroundatthelargeandbeautifulhomes,withmymind_______withaquestion:Wouldn'tIfeelbetteraboutmyselfifIlivedhere?A.racing B.beingraced C.toberaced D.raced【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我環(huán)顧四周，看了看這又大又漂亮的房子，不停地追問自己這樣一個(gè)問題——假如我住在這兒，自己會(huì)感覺更好一些嗎？此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，且mind與race構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成，復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語，復(fù)合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當(dāng)，其次部分補(bǔ)足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng)，分詞可以是現(xiàn)在分詞，也可以是過去分詞。with結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成方式如下：1.with或without-名詞/代詞+形容詞2.with或without-名詞/代詞+副詞3.with或without-名詞/代詞+介詞短語4.with或without-名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞不定式5.with或without-名詞/代詞+分詞13.Accordingtoaplan,Hainan___________intoatourismandconsumptiondestinationwithglobalinfluenceby2035.A.willbuild B.willhavebeenbuilt C.arebuilt D.havebeenbuilt【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：依據(jù)安排，海南將要在2035年之前被建立成一個(gè)具有國際影響力的旅游和消費(fèi)景點(diǎn)。依據(jù)后文By2035可知表示在將來的某一時(shí)刻已經(jīng)完成，要用將來完成時(shí)，且主語與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用將來完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。14.Hisworkhasreceivedonlyatinymentioninthenewspaper;actuallyhe__________moreattention.A.reserves B.deserves C.observes D.preserves【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的作品在報(bào)紙上關(guān)注度不高；事實(shí)上，他應(yīng)當(dāng)值得更多的關(guān)注啊。A.reserves預(yù)定；B.deserves值得；C.observes視察；D.preserves保存。結(jié)合后文moreattention可知此處表示“值得”更多的關(guān)注應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞deserve。故選B。【點(diǎn)睛】deserve用法歸納deserve是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，意思是“應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受；值得”。駕馭deserve的運(yùn)用方法，須要駕馭的是：1、它做為及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)或不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.）的運(yùn)用方法。我們知道及物動(dòng)詞就是后面可以干脆加賓語的詞，比如說:eatapple,drinkwater不及物動(dòng)詞就不能干脆加賓語,須要一個(gè)小介詞的，比如:lookatthepicture,listentome1）deservesth，deserve后接名詞或代詞，通常只用作及物動(dòng)詞，且不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：You'reveryable.Youdeserveabetterjob.你很有實(shí)力，應(yīng)當(dāng)有一份更好的工作。It'syourmoney.Youdeserveit.這錢歸你，你該拿這個(gè)錢。Hehasdeservedwellofhiscountry.他無愧于祖國。DoyouthinkIdeservethis?你認(rèn)為這是我應(yīng)得的嗎?留意：deservesth=bedeservingofsth，如：Hisbraveactdeservespraise.=Hisbraveactisdeservingofpraise.他的英勇行為值得贊揚(yáng)。2）deservetodosth.，deserve后接不定式，若該動(dòng)詞表示主動(dòng)意義，則用不定式的主動(dòng)式；若該動(dòng)詞表示被動(dòng)意義，則用不定式的被動(dòng)式。如：Thosewhoworkdeservetoeat.勞動(dòng)者該得食。Hedeservestobecriticized.他應(yīng)當(dāng)受到指責(zé)。2、主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的運(yùn)用方法。1)前面說的deservesth/bedeservingofsth/deservetodosth都是主動(dòng)態(tài)。2)deservedoing=deservetobedone主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)Hedeservedtobepunished.=Hedeservedpunishing.他應(yīng)當(dāng)受到懲處。Hedeservedbeingrecommendedforadecoration.他有資格得到提名受勛。綜合前面兩點(diǎn)，deserve后面倒底是接todosth還是doing或tobodone.就要看看句子是主達(dá)主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，是當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞用還是不及物動(dòng)詞用。另外deserve含有褒義和貶義，褒義的意思是（因某種努力、身份、天賦）應(yīng)得的，貶義的意思是（因某種惡行、罪過）應(yīng)受的，這要看聯(lián)系上下文取其意。15.-Ithinkyou'dbettercleanyourroom.-_________It'scleanenough.A.Whatfor? B.Sowhat? C.Yousaidit. D.Youmadeit.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我認(rèn)為你最好要打掃一下你的房間了?！獮槭裁矗课矣X得已經(jīng)夠干凈的了。A.Whatfor?為什么？B.Sowhat?那又如何？C.Yousaidit.你說的對；D.Youmadeit.你勝利了！依據(jù)后文It'scleanenough.可知對方不知道為什么要打掃房間。故選A。其次節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）請仔細(xì)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。SuperstarPinkjoinedalotofcelebrities(名人)andworldleaderswhowereinfectedwithCOVID-19(新冠肺炎).Twoweeksago,sheandthree-year-oldsonJameson___16___symptomsofthediseaseAfter___17___withhealthcareprofessionals,thetwowereableto___18___atestPinktestedpositiveforcoronavirus(冠狀病毒).She___19___theirexperiencesonline,stating“Justafewdaysago,wewerere-testedandarenow___20___negative.”Pinkaddedthatshewas___21___ahugeamounttotwodifferentCOVID-19emergencyfunds(基金會(huì)).Variousstarshavealsotriedtoencouragepeopletotakeextra___22___againstCOVID-19.“Itisnotwiseofourgovernmentnottomaketestingmorewidelyaccessible,”Pinksaid.“Thisillnessis___23___andreal.Peopleneedtoknowthattheillness___24___theyoungandold,healthyandunhealthy,richandpoor,andwemustmaketestingfreeto____25____ourchildren,ourfamilies,ourfriendsandourcommunities.”Testingforcoronavirusisamajor____26____acrosstheworld.TheWHO____27____urgesWorldgovernmentstoconductmasstestingto____28____COVID-19,alongwithcontacttracing,Widespreaddisinfection,lockdownandquarantinemeasures,socialdistancing,andhandhygiene.PrevioustoPink,anumberofothercelebritieshavetested____29____forthevirus.Variousworldleadershavebeeninfected____30____includingtheBritishPrimeMinister.Pinkexpressedher____31____forthepeopleworkingonthefrontlines.Thankyoutoallofourhealthcareprofessionalsandeveryoneintheworldwhoareworkingsohardtoprotectourlovedones.“Youareour____32____!”shewrote,shealsourgedthe____33____ofthepopulationtodotheirpartto____34____thespreadofthedisease.So____35____manisfacingadarktimerightnow,there'sonethingforsurethatheisgoingtowinthiswanagainstCOVID-19intheend!16.A.improved B.showed C.described D.reported.17.A.consulting B.quarreling C.dealing D.agreeing18.A.refuse B.give C.mark D.get19.A.posed B.mailed C.typed. D.gained20A.equally B.unfortunately C.thankfully D.merely21.A.donating B.lending C.loaning D.paying22.A.pictures B.notes C.trips D.measures23.A.common B.serious C.genetic D.mild24.A.kills B.punishes C.affects D.ruins25.A.cure B.protect C.treat D.love26.A.concern B.phenomenon C.symptom D.illness27.A.hesitantly B.gradually C.strongly D.quickly28.A.discourage B.encourage C.catch D.battle29.A.active B.positive C.negative D.passive30.A.asmuch B.asfar C.aswell D.asgood31.A.love B.hatred C.pity D.gratitude32.A.heroes B.enemies C.doctors D.workers33.A.half` B.minority C.majority D.growth34A.reduce B.prevent C.keep D.slow35.A.as B.once C.because D.although【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.A20.C21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講解并描述了明星Pink患新冠肺炎的過程以及她的感悟。她認(rèn)為政府不讓更多人接受檢測是不明智的，指出我們必需免費(fèi)檢測，以愛護(hù)我們的孩子，我們的家人，我們的摯友和我們的社區(qū)。Pink還表達(dá)了她對前線工作人員的感謝之情，敦促大多數(shù)人盡自己的一份力氣來阻擋疾病的傳播?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩周前，她和三歲的兒子Jameson顯示出了這種疾病的癥狀。A.improved改善；B.showed顯示，展示；C.described描述；D.reported報(bào)告。依據(jù)第一句可知Pink感染了新冠肺炎，因此這里指兩周前她顯示出了這種病的癥狀，故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在詢問了醫(yī)療專業(yè)人士后，兩人接受了檢測。A.consulting詢問；B.quarreling爭吵；C.dealing處理；D.agreeing同意。healthcareprofessionals是醫(yī)護(hù)人員的意思，依據(jù)后面他們做了檢測可知，這里是在和醫(yī)護(hù)人員詢問后，短語consultwithsb表示“向某人詢問、請教”。故選A。【18題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在詢問了醫(yī)療專業(yè)人士后，兩人接受了檢測。A.refuse拒絕；B.give賜予；C.mark標(biāo)記；D.get接受。依據(jù)后面的檢測為陽性可知，這里是他們接受了測試，因此選get。故選D。【19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她在網(wǎng)上共享了他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并寫道:“就在幾天前，我們再次接受了測試，謝天謝地現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果是陰性的?！盇.posed發(fā)帖；B.mailed郵寄；C.typed打字；D.gained獲得。依據(jù)后文theirexperiencesonline可知Pink在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她在網(wǎng)上共享了他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并寫道:“就在幾天前，我們再次接受了測試，謝天謝地現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果是陰性的?！盇.equally同樣地；B.unfortunately不幸地；C.thankfully感謝地；D.merely僅僅。依據(jù)前面呈陽性，現(xiàn)在是陰性可知，這里要填一個(gè)褒義詞，Pink應(yīng)當(dāng)是對此覺得感恩，因此選thankfully。故選C。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Pink補(bǔ)充說，她向兩個(gè)不同的COVID-19緊急基金捐贈(zèng)了一大筆錢。A.donating捐款；B.lending出借；C.loaning貸款；D.paying支付。依據(jù)后文ahugeamounttotwodifferentCOVID-19emergencyfunds加上Pink是一個(gè)超級巨星，可知是她捐了一大筆錢給COVID-19緊急基金會(huì)。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很多明星也在努力激勵(lì)人們實(shí)行更多的措施來反抗新冠病毒。A.pictures照片；B.notes筆記；C.trips旅行；D.measures措施。依據(jù)前面Pink捐款，以及這里的also和againstCOVID-19可知，是說很多明星也激勵(lì)人們實(shí)行更多的措施來反抗新冠病毒。短語takemeasures表示“實(shí)行措施”。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這種病是很嚴(yán)峻和真實(shí)存在的。A.common一般的；B.serious嚴(yán)峻的；C.genetic遺傳的；D.mild溫柔的。Pink前一句說政府不進(jìn)行大量檢測是不明智的，并且所填的詞和real并列，因此她要說的是這個(gè)病是真實(shí)存在的，很嚴(yán)峻的。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們須要知道疾病影響著年輕人和老年人，健康的和不健康的，富有的和貧困的，我們必需讓測試免費(fèi)來愛護(hù)我們的孩子，我們的家庭，我們的摯友和我們的社區(qū)。A.kills殺死；B.punishes懲處；C.affects感染；D.ruins毀滅。依據(jù)空后面的賓語是老少，健康或不健康的人，窮人富人可知，且主語是新冠肺炎可知，這里是說這個(gè)病會(huì)感染各種人。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們須要知道疾病影響著年輕人和老年人，健康的和不健康的，富有的和貧困的，我們必需讓測試免費(fèi)來愛護(hù)我們的孩子，我們的家庭，我們的摯友和我們的社區(qū)。A.cure治愈；B.protect愛護(hù)；C.treat治療；D.love愛。依據(jù)后文ourchildren,ourfamilies,ourfriendsandourcommunities.可知因此是我們必需免費(fèi)測試來愛護(hù)我們的孩子，我們的家庭，我們的摯友和我們的社區(qū)。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：檢測冠狀病毒是全世界關(guān)切的一個(gè)主要問題。A.concern關(guān)切；B.phenomenon現(xiàn)象；C.symptom癥狀；D.illness疾病。結(jié)合后文acrosstheworld可知檢測新冠病毒是一個(gè)全世界主要關(guān)切的事。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：世衛(wèi)組織快速敦促世界各國政府對新冠肺炎進(jìn)行大規(guī)模檢測，并追蹤冠狀病毒。A.hesitantly遲疑地；B.gradually漸漸地；C.strongly劇烈地；D.quickly快速地。所填空修飾謂語動(dòng)詞urges，且urge這個(gè)詞本身就表示了劇烈的要求，所以不選strongly，而應(yīng)當(dāng)用quickly，表示世衛(wèi)組織快速地敦促各國政府對新冠肺炎進(jìn)行大規(guī)模檢測，并追蹤接觸者。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：世衛(wèi)組織快速敦促世界各國政府對新冠肺炎進(jìn)行大規(guī)模檢測，并追蹤冠狀病毒。A.discourage阻擋；B.encourage激勵(lì)；C.catch追蹤，抓??；D.battle斗爭。所填空的賓語是COVID-19，可知此處指做大量測試來追蹤冠狀病毒。故選C。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在Pink之前，其他一些名人也曾對該病毒檢測呈陽性。A.active活躍的；B.positive陽性的；C.negative否定的；D.passive消極的。依據(jù)前面Pink確診了可知，這里是在Pink之前，很多其他名人也檢測呈陽性，positive的熟詞僻義，在醫(yī)學(xué)試驗(yàn)等檢測中，表示陽性。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：包括英國首相在內(nèi)的世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人也受到了感染。A.asmuch也，同樣多的；B.asfar一樣遠(yuǎn)；C.aswell也；D.asgood一樣好。前面是名人確診，而這里是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人也確診感染了，因此填aswell，表“也”。故選C。31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Pink表達(dá)了她對前線工作人員的感謝之情。A.love愛；B.hatred憎恨；C.pity缺憾；D.gratitude感謝。依據(jù)后文Thankyoutoallofourhealthcareprofessionalsandeveryoneintheworldwhoareworkingsohardtoprotectourlovedones.可知，這里Pink表達(dá)了對一線工作人員的感謝。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們是我們的英雄！”她寫道，她還敦促大多數(shù)人盡自己的一份力氣來阻擋疾病的傳播。A.heroes英雄；B.enemies敵人；C.doctors醫(yī)生；D.workers工人。You指前線工作人員，而且前面Pink在表達(dá)感謝，因此這里是將醫(yī)護(hù)人員稱為“英雄”最符合語境。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們是我們的英雄！”她寫道，她還敦促大多數(shù)人盡自己的一份力氣來阻擋疾病的傳播。A.half一半；B.minority少數(shù)；C.majority大多數(shù)人；D.growth生長。依據(jù)前面感謝醫(yī)護(hù)人員，以及該句的also可知，這里是Pink激勵(lì)大多數(shù)人也去盡自己的一份力來阻擋疾病傳播。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們是我們的英雄！”她寫道，她還敦促大多數(shù)人盡自己的一份力氣來阻擋疾病的傳播。A.reduce削減；B.prevent阻擋；C.keep保持；D.slow緩慢的。賓語是新冠肺炎的傳播，因此這里填prevent表阻擋，并且是固定搭配preventthespreadofthedisease/preventthediseasefromspreading，其余選項(xiàng)不能接spread。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：因此，盡管人類現(xiàn)在面臨著黑暗的時(shí)刻，但有一件事是確定的，那就是他最終將贏得這場對抗COVID-19的斗爭！A.as作為；B.once曾經(jīng)；C.because因?yàn)?；D.although雖然。此處為讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然”應(yīng)用although。故選D。閱讀理解（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）以真閱讀下列短文，從領(lǐng)文后務(wù)照所給的A.B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在客題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFESTIVALSINLONDONLondonhostseachyearavarietyofcelebrationsandfestivals.AllofthemarenationalandForeignholidays.BelowweshowyouthemostamazingholidaysandfestivalsinLondon.NewYear'sDayParadeThisParadeisafreeeventwhichtakesplaceannuallyonIJanuarysince1987.Mlastsabout2hours30minutes,featuringmorethan10.000Participantsrepresenting20countriesworldwide.Therearemarchingbands,cheerleadinggroups,vehicles,animals,clownsandgiantinflatables(充氣物).OxfordandCambridgeBoatRaceSince1829eachspringthetwoEngland'smostfamousuniversitiesracealonga6.7kilometerstretchoftheThamesRiverinwhatisperhapsthemostfamousrowingeventintheworld.TheraceattractsamassivecrowdofaroundaquarterofamillionfantothebanksoftheThamesLondonMarathonTheFloraLondonMarathon,oneoftheWorldMarathonMajors,hasbeenheldeachyearsince1981.Currentlyaround32,000runnerstakepartinthisannualevent,includingprofessionalsandamateurs.Therearelivebandsentertainmentandthousandsofcheeringfans.Itisalsooneofthelargesteventstocollectmoneyintheworldinordertoattractmorefunds,somerunnersdressupinfancycostumes.WimbledonWimbledonrunsannuallyfromlateJunethroughearlyJuly,Wimbledonistheoldestandmostfamoustennistournamentintheworld,theonlyGrandSlameventplayedongrasscourts.Startedin1877,heeventisoftenattendedbymembersoftheRoyalFamily,Wimbledontraditionsincludetheeatingofstrawberriesandcreamthatcanbeaccompaniedbyanoptionalglassofchampagne.36.Whichofthefourfestivalshasthelongesthistory?A.NewYear'sDayParade. B.OxfordandCambridgeBoatRace.C.LondonMarathon. D.Wimbledon.37.LondonMarathonisdifferentfromtheotherthreeinthat______.A.ithasthepurposeofdonatingmoneytoothereventsB.itattractsmanymorefansfromaroundtheworldC.itistheonlyfestivalaccompaniedbylivebandD.ithasthefunctionofraisingmoney【答案】36.B37.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。本篇主要介紹了四個(gè)在倫敦盛行的節(jié)日活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息【36題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知四個(gè)節(jié)日的時(shí)間分別是1987年，1829年，1981年和1877年起先的。依據(jù)OxfordandCambridgeBoatRace中的“Since1829eachspringthetwoEngland'smostfamousuniversitiesracealonga6.7kilometerstretchoftheThamesRiverinwhatisperhapsthemostfamousrowingeventintheworld.”自1829年春天以來，這兩所英國最聞名的高校沿著泰晤士河6.7公里的河段進(jìn)行競賽，這或許是世界上最聞名的劃船項(xiàng)目由此可知，牛津和劍橋的劃船競賽始于1829年，是四個(gè)節(jié)日中歷史最悠久的。故選B?！?7題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)LondonMarathon部分中Itisalsooneofthelargesteventstocollectmoneyintheworldinordertoattractmorefunds,somerunnersdressupinfancycostumes.可知它也是世界上最大的捐獻(xiàn)活動(dòng)之一，為了吸引更多的資金，一些跑步者穿著奇裝異服。由此可知，倫敦馬拉松與其他三個(gè)節(jié)日活動(dòng)不同因?yàn)樗谢I款的功能。故選D。BOverthepastfewmonthshugegroupsoflocusts(蝗蟲),oneofwhichoccupiedanareamorethanthreetimesthesizeofNewYorkCity,haveeatenupcropsacrosstheHomeofAfricaandtheMiddleEast,leavinganestimated20millionpeopleatriskoffamine(饑荒).Thefirstgeneration'seggsarestartingtohatch,andnowevenbiggerswarms(蟲群)areformingthreatening.CountriesfromtheDemocraticRepublicofCongotoYemen,Iran,PakistanandIndia,“representingathreattofoodsecurityandlivelihoods,”saystheU.N.'sFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO).Desertlocusts'populationsexplodewhenweatherconditionsareright.Thatexplosioncancreatehugeswarmsthatcantravelgreatdistance-morethan90milesinaday-insearchoffood.WarmweatherandunusuallyheavyrainsintheHornofAfricaattheendof2024providedthemoist(潮濕的)soilnecessaryforhatchingeggs.Fromthere,theinsectsspreadrapidly,resultinginoneoftheworstoutbreakstheregionhasseeninmorethan70years.Atypicalswarmnumbering4billionto8billionlocusts,canconsumeinonedaythesameamountoffoodas35millionpeople.SomeswarmshavebeensothickinpartsofKenyathattheyhavepreventedplanesfromtakingoff.Governmentshaveusedwidespreadaerialsprayingofpesticideswhenavailable;inpoorerregions,whereaircraftareunavailable,soldiersbattletheswarmswithhandheldspraypump.TheFAOhasappealedfor$138milliontosupportaffectedcommunities,Ifthelocustsarenotstoppedbeforethenextgenerationhatches,theimpactcouldbeterrible:theFAOguessesthatanadditional25millionpeopleacrosstheregioncouldlosetheircrops.ScientistsinKenyahopeanewcomputer-assistedtrackingprogramthatcombinessatellitedatawithweather-mappingsoftwarewillhelppredicttheswarmsnextdestination,buying-regionalauthoritiesenoughtimetopreparearesponse.Buycoronavirus-relatedtravelrestrictionhavedelayedreliefeffortsaswellasresponsemechanisms.Thelocustshavenosuchtravellimitations.38.Theauthorusesmanystatisticsinthepassagetoshow_____A.thedisastrousconsequenceoftheoutbreaksoflocustsB.theseriousconditionsfacingtheNewYorkCityC.thespeedofswarmsoflocuststravellingD.theexactnumberofcropsconsumedbylocusts39.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thegreatdistanceslocustscantravel.B.Theexplosionoflocusts'population.C.Theperfectconditionsforhatchingtheireggs.D.Theresultoftheunusualoutbreaksoflocusts.40.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Thetravelrestrictionsmayprobablyworsentheurgentsituation.B.Itisunlikelytopredicttheswarms'nextdestinationnow.C.AlotofmoneyhasbeenraisedaftertheFAO'sappealD.It'snotdifficultforhumanstowinthebattleagainstthelocust【答案】38.A39.C40.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講解并描述了目前蝗蟲泛濫的狀況，以及蝗蟲泛濫的嚴(yán)峻程度、蝗蟲泛濫的天氣緣由、給人帶來的后果和組織準(zhǔn)備做出的應(yīng)對措施?！?8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中Overthepastfewmonthshugegroupsoflocusts,oneofwhichoccupiedanareamorethanthreetimesthesizeofNewYorkCity,haveeatenupcropsacrosstheHomeofAfricaandtheMiddleEast,leavinganestimated20millionpeopleatriskoffamine.可知在過去的幾個(gè)月里，成群結(jié)隊(duì)的蝗蟲吞噬了整個(gè)非洲和中東地區(qū)的莊稼，使大約2000萬人面臨饑荒的危急。其中一個(gè)蝗蟲群占據(jù)的面積是紐約市的三倍多。第一段用詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)描述了蝗蟲占據(jù)的面積之大，覆蓋面之廣、迫使上百萬人饑荒，這些都表明白蝗蟲爆發(fā)給人類帶來的災(zāi)難性后果。由此可推知，作者在文章中用了很多數(shù)據(jù)是為了說明蝗蟲爆發(fā)的災(zāi)難性后果。故選A?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段中WarmweatherandunusuallyheavyrainsintheHornofAfricaattheendof2024providedthemoistsoilnecessaryforhatchingeggs.Fromthere,theinsectsspreadrapidly,resultinginoneoftheworstoutbreakstheregionhasseeninmorethan70years.可知2024年底，暖和的天氣和罕見的大雨為非洲之角供應(yīng)了孵化蟲卵所需的潮濕土壤。從那里起先，這種昆蟲快速擴(kuò)散，導(dǎo)致了該地區(qū)70多年來最嚴(yán)峻的疫情之一。由此可知，其次段主要描述的是蝗蟲大規(guī)模孵化的有利條件。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Buycoronavirus-relatedtravelrestrictionhavedelayedreliefeffortsaswellasresponsemechanisms.Thelocustshave/nosuchtravellimitations.可知與冠狀病毒相關(guān)的旅行限制延誤了救援工作和應(yīng)對機(jī)制?；认x沒有這樣的旅行限制。由此可推知，旅行限制可能會(huì)使緊急狀況惡化。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】隱含意義推理推斷題。這類題的題干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/belikelyto等標(biāo)記性詞語。解決這類問題時(shí)要理解文章潛在的含義和作者所給的提示。同時(shí)，要對文章的含義和作者的示意作出合理的揣測和推斷。如第三小題，依據(jù)最終一段中Buycoronavirus-relatedtravelrestrictionhavedelayedreliefeffortsaswellasresponsemechanisms.Thelocustshave/nosuchtravellimitations.可知與冠狀病毒相關(guān)的旅行限制延誤了救援工作和應(yīng)對機(jī)制?；认x沒有這樣的旅行限制。由此可推知，旅行限制可能會(huì)使緊急狀況惡化。故選A。CDogownersswearthattheirfurrybestmendisintunewiththeiremotions,Nowitseemsthissenseofinterspeciesconnectionisreal:dogscansmellyouremotions,andadoptthemastheirownWealreadyknowdogscanseeandhearthesignsofhumanemotionssaysBiagioD'AnielloattheUniversityofNaplesFedericoII,Italy.Butnobodyhadstudiedwhetherdogscouldpickuponolfactory(嗅覺的)signalsfromhumans.“Theroleoftheolfactorysystemhasbeenlargelyundervalued,maybebecauseourownspeciesismorefocusedonthevisualsystem.”saysD'Aniello.However,dogs'senseofsmellingisfarsuperiortoours,D'Anielloandhiscolleaguestestedwhetherdogscouldreallysniffoutouremotions.First,humanvolunteerswatchedvideosdesignedtoinducefear,happinessoraneutralresponseandtheteamcollectedsamplesoftheirsweat.Next,theresearcherspresentedthesesweatsamplestodogs,andmonitoredtheirbehaviorandheartrates.Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.D'Aniello'sstudysuggestshumanscanunconsciously,hijacktheirdogs'emotionbyreleasingsmells.Asecondstudysuggestsdogscanreturnthefavour,usingtheirexpressivefaces.JulianeKaminskiattheUniversityofPortsmouth,UK,andhercolleagueshavefoundthatdogs'facesfaremostexpressivewhentheyknowpeoplearelookingatthem.Theresearchersintroduceddogstoahumanwhowaseitherlookingatthemorfacingawayandeitherofferingfoodornothing.Theteamanalyzedhowmuchthedogs'facialmovementsvariedinthefoursituations.Theyfoundthatthedogs'facialexpressionsvariedmostwhenthepersonwaslookingatthem.Kaminskisaystherewasnosignofa“dinnertableeffect”,which“wouldpredictthatdogstryandlooksuper-cutewhentheywantsomethingfromthehumans”.It'snotclearpreciselyhowdogsvisuallysignalusandhowwerespond,saysMoniqueUdellofOregonStateUniversityinCorvallis.“Thiskindofresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthenatureofthehuman-dogrelationship.”41.HowdidD'Aniello'sresearchteamcarryouttheirstudyondog'sabilityofsniffingouthumans'emotions?A.Byanalyzingthesweatsamplesfromthedogs.B.Bymonitoringdogs'responseCothesamevideosC.Bylettingthedogswatchthevolunteers'expressivefaces.D.Bywatchingthedogs'reactionstothegivensweatsamples.42.Theunderlinedword"hijack"probablymeans?A.Study. B.Control.C.Find. D.Display,43.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondstudy?A.Dinner-tableeffectreallyexists.B.Dogsareverysensitivetohumanattention.C.DogsshowednofacialexpressionwhenofferednothingD.Dogs'facialexpressionsvarymostwhentheywantattention.44.Whatisstillpuzzlingscientistsaccordingtothepassage?A.Howdogsreacttohumansmells.B.Howdogsrespondtohumans'attention.C.Howdogshearandseethesignsofhumans'emotions.D.Howdogscommunicatewithhumansbythesenseofslightly.【答案】41.D42.B43.B44.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。有探討證明白人和狗跨物種的聯(lián)系是真實(shí)存在的：狗可以嗅到你的情感，并將其作為自己的情感。本文主要通過BiagioD'Aniello進(jìn)行的兩個(gè)試驗(yàn)，來證明白狗能識別人類的嗅覺信號。第一個(gè)探討發(fā)覺人類的心情反應(yīng)會(huì)影響到狗的心情，其次個(gè)探討則表明狗對人類的留意力特別敏感?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中First,humanvolunteerswatchedvideosdesignedtoinducefear,happinessoraneutralresponseandtheteamcollectedsamplesoftheirsweat.Next,theresearcherspresentedthesesweatsamplestodogs,andmonitoredtheirbehaviorandheartrates.Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.可知首先，探討人員讓志愿者們觀看一些旨在引起恐驚、歡樂或中性反應(yīng)的視頻，然后收集他們的汗液樣本。接下來，探討人員將這些汗液樣本展示給狗狗，并監(jiān)測它們的行為和心率。與聞著歡樂或中性氣味的狗相比，聞著恐驚氣味的狗表現(xiàn)出更多的壓力跡象，它們的心率也更高，與生疏人的社交接觸也更少。由此可知，D'aniello的探討小組通過視察狗對給定的汗液樣本的反應(yīng)，來對狗嗅出人類情感的實(shí)力進(jìn)行探討的。故選D?！?2題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.可知相比聞著歡樂或中性氣味的狗，聞著恐驚氣味的狗表現(xiàn)出更多的壓力跡象。他們的心率也更高，與生疏人的社交接觸也更少。由此可知，人類的心情反應(yīng)會(huì)影響到狗的心情。所以D'Aniello的探討表明人類可以無意識地，限制狗的心情。故劃線單詞的意思為“限制”。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段JulianeKaminskiattheUniversityofPortsmouth,UK,andhercolleagueshavefoundthatdogs'facesfaremostexpressivewhentheyknowpeoplearelookingatthem.可知英國樸茨茅斯高校的JulianeKaminski和她的同事們發(fā)覺，當(dāng)狗知道人們在看它們時(shí)，它們的面部表情會(huì)表現(xiàn)得最為豐富。以及倒數(shù)其次段中Theyfoundthatthedogs'facialexpressionsvariedmostwhenthepersonwaslookingatthem.可知他們發(fā)覺，當(dāng)人們看著狗的時(shí)候，狗的面部表情改變最大。由此可推知，其次項(xiàng)探討表明狗對人類的留意力特別敏感。故選B。44題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中It'snotclearpreciselyhowdogsvisuallysignalusandhowwerespond,saysMoniqueUdellofOregonStateUniversityinCorvallis.可知位于科瓦利斯的俄勒岡州立高校的MoniqueUdell說，目前還不清晰狗是如何在視覺上向我們發(fā)出信號以及我們是如何反應(yīng)的。由此可知，科學(xué)家目前不清晰狗如何通過稍微的感覺與人溝通的。故選D。【點(diǎn)睛】詞義揣測題是高考閱讀理解中?？碱}型之一，可以大致分為①定義猜詞，可以依據(jù)定義信息和舉例揣測詞義。如文中常用referto,becalled或that'stosay,suchas等。②邏輯猜詞可以依據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等揣測詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。③語法猜詞，可以依據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。④語境猜詞，揣測詞義離不開上下文的語境，通過上下文供應(yīng)的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要留意指代詞的位置，以便于推斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一樣，最終比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。如其次小題，依據(jù)第三段中Dogsexposedtofearsmellsshowedmoresignsofstressthanthosesniffinghappyorneutralsmells.Theyalsohadhigherheartrates,andmadelesssocialcontactwithstrangers.可知相比聞著歡樂或中性氣味的狗，聞著恐驚氣味的狗表現(xiàn)出更多的壓力跡象。他們的心率也更高，與生疏人的社交接觸也更少。由此可知，人類的心情反應(yīng)會(huì)影響到狗的心情，所以D'Aniello的探討表明人類可以無意識地，限制狗的心情。故劃線單詞的意思為“限制”。故選B。DJohnPerrydecideditwastimetogohome.Ith