2021-2022學(xué)年遼寧省大連市考研外語模擬考試含答案

2021-2022學(xué)年遼寧省大連市考研外語模擬

考試（含答案）

學(xué)校:班級(jí):姓名:考號(hào):

一、2.ReadingComprehension(10題)

1.PartB(10points)

Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextabouttheproblemofstaff

recruitmentofmostcompanies.ChooseaheadingfromthelistA-Fthatbest

fitsthemeaningofeachnumberedpartofthetext(41—45).Thefirstandlast

paragraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereareoneextraheadingthatyou

donotneedtouse.(10points)

Thedifficultyofholdingontogood,experiencedstaffhasalwaysbeena

majorissuewiththemajorityofcompanies.Highstaffturnovercanresultin

manyproblems.Oneofthemostseriousoftheseisthecostofcontinually

havingtofindandtrainreplacements.

(41).

Mostcompanieshopetorecruittherighttypeofpersoninthefirstplace.

However,toomuchemphasisonqualificationsandnotenoughonpersonality

oftenleadstoacompanyattractingtherightstandard,butnottherightkind,

ofperson.Selectiontestscanbeusedtoindicateacandidate'ssuitabilityfor

thejobtheyareapplyingfor.Theycanalsobeusedtoidentifyexistingstaff

whoaresuitablebutwho,initially,maynothavebeenconsidered.

(42).

Itisimportantforcompaniestounderstandwhyemployeesmoveonto

anotheremployer.Thereasonsforstaffresigningandthebenefitsofferedby

theirnewemployermustberecorded.Theycanbethekeytoidentifyingany

problemareasthatmightexistwithinanorganization.Itisessential,therefore,

thatemployeeswhoareabouttodisappearareinterviewedbeforetheydepart,

inordertodiscoverwhytheyareleaving.

(43).一

Analysisoftheseinterviewshasshownthatalackofappreciationisoneof

themainfactorscausingemployeestolookelsewhereforwork.Managers

shouldprovideregularfeedbacktotheirstaff.Forexample,whengoodwork

hasbeendoneitmustbepraised.Ifthisisnotdone,employeeswillthinktheir

effortsarenotappreciated.

(44)----------

Communicationswithintheorganizationareanotherconsideration.Ifthese

arepoor,employeeswillfeelleftout.Thiscanbeavoidedthroughregular

departmentalandinter-departmentalmeetings,whichareextremelyvaluable

asmeansofpassingoninformationthroughoutthecompanyandkeeping

employeesuptodatewithrecentdevelopments.Theyalsoservetoprovide

theopportunityforemployeestoexpresstheiropinions.

(45).'

Payingstaffaccordingtohowtheyperform,isanotherwayofrecognizing

employee'sefforts.Ifthecompanybenefitsfromanemployee'sextraefforts,

itisonlyreasonablethattheemployeeshouldalsoreceivesomefinancial

benefit.Itis,however,importanttoavoidofferingsomememberofstaffthe

opportunitytoimprovetheirpaywhileexcludingothers.Thereasonsforstaff

resigningandthebenefitsofferedbytheirnewemployermustberecorded.

Incaseswheresuchdifficultiesmightexist,aplannedcareerprogressionfor

anindividualstaffmembermeansthatthepersonknowsexactlywhatto

expectfromthejobandwhatisrequiredfromthem

A.appreciationasthemainfactor

B.selectiontestshelpinrecruitment

C.praisethemenwhoactwell

D.toknowwhyemployeesleave

E.reasonablerewardandfairtreatment

F.exchangesinsidethecompany

2.(49)

3.Whichofthefollowingisadangertominoritybusinesses?

A.MinoritybusinessesmayexpandtooslowtocompetewiththeWhite-

ownedcompanies.

B.MinoritybusinessesmaybetakenadvantagebyWhite-ownedcompanies.

C.Minoritybusinessesmaybetooindependenttocontrol.

D.Minoritybusinessesmayrelytoomuchongovernmentsupport.

4.

Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldmostlogicallyconcludethelast

paragraphofthepassage?

A.UnlikeBeethoven,however,eventhegreatestofmodemcomposers,such

asStravinsky,didnottranscendexistingmusicalforms

B.Insimilarfashion,existingmusicalformswereevenfurtherexploitedby

thenextgenerationofgreatEuropeancomposers

C.Thus,manyofthegreatcomposersdisplayedthesamecombinationof

talentsexhibitedbyMonteverdi

D.Bycontrast,theviewthatcreativityintheartsexploitsbutdoesnot

transcendlimitsis

5.

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.

A.somefamiliesnowcanhardlyaffordtosendtheirchildrentoschool.

B.eveiyonetodayhasanequalopportunityineducation.

C.everycountryinvestsheavilyineducation.

D.wearenotverycertainwhetherpreachersarenecessaryornot.

6.

Morepeoplechoosetotelecommutebecause

A.theydon'tliketheirworkingenvironment.

B.thedevelopmentoftechnologyenablesthemtoworkathome.

C.telecommutingcansolvemanysocialproblems.

D.telecommutingisatrendthatmostpeopleliketofollow.

7.(43)

8.

Whatdoesthelastparagraphmean?

A.Interpretationisnomorethanasetofinformation.

B.Theabilityofinterpretationisnotasuperiorityofmanovercomputer.

C.Interpretationcanbedoneinaclumsymathematicalway.

D.Computeriswillingtodoanyinterpretationrequired.

9.(45)

10.

InthenovelsofHawthorneandMelville,onewillfind

A.ordinaryAmericandeathattitudes.

B.awillingnesstoacceptdeathasafactoflife.

C.asuperficialattitudetowarddeath.

D.thefoundationofmodemAmericanbeliefsaboutdeath.

二、3.Writing(10題)

11.PartA

Directions:Writeacomposition/letterofnolessthan100wordsonthe

followinginformation.(10points)

YouwillhaveanEnglishclassnextFriday,butyoucan'tattendtheclass.

WriteanapplicationforleavetoyourEnglishteacher,Mr.Wang,tellinghim:

1)whyyouaskforleave,

2)whatyouwilldotomakeupforit.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsneatly.Donotsignyourownname.Use

"LiMing"instead.

12.Youjustcomebackfromyourholiday.Writealettertothemanagerof

thehotelyoubookedtocomplainthebadserviceinthehotel.Writeyourletter

withnolessthan100xvords.Donotsignyournameattheendoftheletter.

Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

13.PartB

Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowing

information.(20points)

Title:RoleOfMassMediainShapingOurView

TimeLimit:40minutes

Wordlimit:about200words

Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.therolemassmedia;

2.yourexplanation;

3.youropinion.

14.PartB

Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowing

information.(20points)

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyour

essay,youshouldfirstdescribethedrawing,theninterpretitsmeaning,and

giveyourcommentonit.

15.PartB

Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowing

information.(20points)

Enormouschangestookplaceinthelasttwodecadesofthe20thcentury,

whichisrevealedinthechangesondinertables.Herearetwopairsofpictures.

Youarerequiredto

1)describethepictures,

2)interpretthepictures,and

3)makeacommentuponit.

Youshouldwriteabout200wordsneatly.

16.PartB

Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowing

information.(20points)

Writeonthefollowingtopic:DevelopingEconomyorProtectingthe

Environment

1.一些人認(rèn)為發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)最重要。

2.另一些則認(rèn)為保護(hù)環(huán)境更重要。

3.你的觀點(diǎn)。

Youshouldwriteabout160-200wordsneatly.

17.PartA

Directions:Writeacomposition/letterofnolessthan100wordsonthe

followinginformation.(10points)

Youhavehadabadcoldandareinhospital.WritealettertoyourteacherMs.

Wangaskingforaleaveandexplainingwhyyouwillbeabsentfromclassfor

thenexttwodays.

Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.Donotsignyourownnameat

theendoftheletter;use"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowritethe

address.

18.PartA

Directions:Writeacomposition/letterofnolessthan100wordsonthe

followinginformation.(10points)

NowyouareworkingasaneditorinaTVstation.Youareplanningtoholda

contest-ForeignersSingChineseSongs.Writeanannouncement,inwhich

youbrieftheevent,statetherelevantrequirement(s),andmakeaninvitation.

Writeyourannouncementwithnolessthan100words.Donotsignyourown

nameattheendoftheletter;use"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowrite

theaddress.

19.Inthispart,youareallowedtowriteacompositiononthetopicWorkIs

aNecessity.Youshould

1)interpretthenecessityofthework;

2)analyzethereason;

3)giveyourcomment.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

20.PartA

Directions:Writeacomposition/letterofnolessthan100wordsonthe

followinginformation.(10points)

YouareapplyingforapositionasanEnglishteacher.Writealettertothe

HeadofForeignLanguagesDepartmentto

1)introduceyourself,

2)giveanaccountofyourjobexperience,and

3)askforajobinterview.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotsignyourownnameattheend

oftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

三、1.UseofEnglish。0題)

21.(2)

A.toB.byC.withD.until

22.(19)

A.atalossB.atlastC.ingroupD.ontheoccasion

23.[C2]

A.minorB.majorC.suddenD.gradual

24.(13)

A.atlargeB.inalongrunC.inashorttermD.byandlarge

25.(11)

A.reserveB.converseC.detainD.preserve

26.(12)

A.forB.fromC.ofD.to

27.(15)

A.atthatB.atthisC.torebootD.added

28.(6)

A.eraseB.consolidateC.disciplineD.improve

29.(18)

A.jobB.postC.positionD.level

30.[C4]

A.questionB.crisisC.phenomenonD.situation

四、閱讀理解題（2題）

31.

32.

Themainconcernofthepassageisto.

（Aexplaindifferencesintheunionizedproportionsofvariousgroupsofpublic-sectorworkers

[Bevaluatetheeffectivenessofcertainkindsoflaborunionsthatrcprescnipublic-sectorworkers

Canalyzeandexplainanincreaseinunionizationamongacertaincategoryofworkers

Ddescribeanddistinguishstrategicsappropriatetoorganizingdifferentcategoriesofworkers

五、單選題（0題）

33.

[A]unpredictable[B]unforgivable[C]unlimited[D]unlikely

六、單選題（0題）

34.

[A]dimension[B]complexity[C]exercise[D]function

參考答案

l.BB解析：該題所在的是文章的第2段，通讀本段可知其使用了偏正

結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行闡述，因而重點(diǎn)在于后半段，而從"Selectiontestscanbeused

to...alsocanbeusedto..."可以看出這里的主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是選拔測試的作用。

理解本段的論述重點(diǎn)后我們根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Selectiontests對(duì)五個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行

篩選，可發(fā)現(xiàn)B項(xiàng)恰好與之對(duì)應(yīng)，由此可見本題的正確答案為B。

2.在《行為和腦科學(xué)》今年發(fā)表的一一篇頗受爭議的文章里認(rèn)知科學(xué)家

雨果?梅爾西埃和丹?斯比貝指出人類的推理能力其實(shí)并不像其表現(xiàn)的那

樣差勁。在《行為和腦科學(xué)》今年發(fā)表的一一篇頗受爭議的文章里，認(rèn)

知科學(xué)家雨果.梅爾西埃和丹.斯比貝指出，人類的推理能力其實(shí)并不像

其表現(xiàn)的那樣差勁。

3.B解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章在第三段首句提到了minoritybusiness所面

臨的潛在危險(xiǎn)，并在第三段第二句以及第四段和第五段的首句進(jìn)行了論

述。觀察選項(xiàng)不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，［A］項(xiàng)中的tooslow與原文中的toofast相悖；

［C］項(xiàng)的描述是對(duì)尾段首句的錯(cuò)誤理解。原文中并沒有提到tocontrol的

信息;［D］項(xiàng)內(nèi)容原文并未提及。只有［B］項(xiàng)是對(duì)第四段首句的同義轉(zhuǎn)述：

有些白人企業(yè)想通過和少數(shù)民族企業(yè)合資讓自己也能享受更好的待遇，

也就是說白人企業(yè)只不過想利用少數(shù)民族企業(yè)而已。因此，本題答案是

［B］o

4.B解析：第二段后幾句提到莫扎特和貝多芬，指出他們的作品雖然創(chuàng)

新，但保存了基本的原則，他們繼承了前人的成果?？梢?，后人也會(huì)以

同樣方式來創(chuàng)新。

5.A解析：推理判斷題。本題問：從本篇課文中可以推理出什么?本文第

3段第2、3句中作者寫道："在原始部落中請(qǐng)求和接受傳統(tǒng)教育的義務(wù)

對(duì)人人都有約束力。如果文育這個(gè)詞可以用到?jīng)]有文字材料的民族上，

那么現(xiàn)在就沒有‘文盲’了，但我們的義務(wù)教育成為法律德國是在1642年，

法國是在1806年，英國是在1976年，但在有些‘文明國家’至今仍無義

務(wù)教育"?？梢?，本文暗示有些家庭的孩子現(xiàn)在幾乎上不起學(xué)。注意：

bindingadj.有約束力的：bebindingonsb.對(duì)某人有約束力。

6.C解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段首句指出"高速公路的擁堵，辦公室租金

的昂貴，聯(lián)邦政府空氣清潔法案的要求，辦公人員的裁減，生活方式的

需要：所有這些因素都導(dǎo)致了遠(yuǎn)程辦公人員的增加"。由此可知越來越多

的人選擇遠(yuǎn)程辦公是因?yàn)檫@種工作方式可以解決很多問題，故"解決很

多社會(huì)問題“正確。

7.BB解析：小標(biāo)題是“媽媽就是權(quán)威”。標(biāo)題后的內(nèi)容指出，那些愿意提

供幫助的人使用的最普遍的理由是他們從小就接受長輩的禮儀教育

(upbringing)o顯然，選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該提到長輩對(duì)孩子的禮儀教育。［B］選項(xiàng)講述

的是一位女士說幫助別人是小時(shí)候長輩告訴她應(yīng)該做的事。這個(gè)例子符

合小標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容,其中mother,upbringing,taughttoyouwhenyou're

young形成了一個(gè)語義鏈，突出了該段的主旨。

8.B解析：在此段中，作者表達(dá)了自己對(duì)一些人的”人類翻譯能力強(qiáng)于計(jì)

算機(jī)”論點(diǎn)的不同看法，認(rèn)為這不足以證明"計(jì)算機(jī)不能控制人類二

9.D解析：小標(biāo)題是“借口，借口”。標(biāo)題之后的內(nèi)容是記者們確實(shí)遇見

過幾個(gè)不懂禮貌的人，聽到了各種不愿意提供幫助的借口，現(xiàn)在又聽

到了另一個(gè)更新鮮的借口。這就表明下文應(yīng)該給出不愿意提供幫助的

人所依賴的借口。縱觀各備選項(xiàng)，只有［D］選項(xiàng)講述了一位女士不僅不

提供幫助，而且還為她的行為進(jìn)行辯解。

10.B解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章首段第三、四句指出"在美國較為嚴(yán)肅的

文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)中一從Hawthorne、Melville和Poe至"Faulkner和Hemingway一

人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了隱藏在普通美國人淺薄的死亡態(tài)度背后的深刻悲哀。在一個(gè)

不愿面對(duì)死亡的文化氛圍中，通過想象力，偉大的作家們直面死亡的事

實(shí)、它的神秘以及它永恒地往返穿梭的地點(diǎn)"。由此可知，在Hawthorne

和Melville的小說中，人們可以看到那種直面死亡現(xiàn)實(shí)的態(tài)度，故”愿意

接受死亡這個(gè)生活中的事實(shí)”正確。

1l.DearMr.WangIamverysorrytoappriseyouthatIamunabletoattend

theEnglishclassnextFridayforIwillbeplayinginthefootballmatch

betweenouruniversityandZhongshanUniversity.Thereisnopossibilityfor

ourteamtofindareplacementformebecauseI'mtheteamleader.ButI'm

consideringmakingupformymissedclassbyborrowingWangDawei'sclass

notesandgoingthroughthemnextSaturday.Iwillneverletmyselflagbehind

otherclassmatesintheEnglishstudysinceitisoneofthemostimportant

coursesincollege.YourstudentLiMingDearMr.Wang,Iamverysorryto

appriseyouthatIamunabletoattendtheEnglishclassnextFridayforIwill

beplayinginthefootballmatchbetweenouruniversityandZhongshan

University.Thereisnopossibilityforourteamtofindareplacementforme

becauseI'mtheteamleader.ButI'mconsideringmakingupformymissed

classbyborrowingWangDawei'sclassnotesandgoingthroughthemnext

Saturday.IwillneverletmyselflagbehindotherclassmatesintheEnglish

studysinceitisoneofthemostimportantcoursesincollege.Yourstudent,Li

Ming解析：要求寫一張請(qǐng)假條。仔細(xì)看作文的規(guī)定情景，推敲寫作提

綱，從而確定寫作對(duì)象是老師，寫作目的是請(qǐng)假，因此在語氣措辭方面

就要恰當(dāng)?shù)轿?。可研究借鑒下面的范文，以便考試中能夠很有把握地應(yīng)

考寫作。

12.DearManager[1]IhavejustreturnedfromaholidayduringwhichIstayed

inyourhotel.Unfortunatelytheexperiencewasnotpleasant.[2]SoIventure

towriteyoualettertocomplainaboutthebadserviceofyourhotel.[3]There

wereseveraldefectsandthefollowingarethemostintolerableones.[4]

Firstlytheenvironmentoftheroomisnotasgoodasyou'veclaimedtobe.

It'sairtightandsmellsdisgusting.[4]Secondlysomeofyourwaitershave

littlesenseofservice.Theyforgotaboutthemeal1hadbookedandwhenI

calledagaintheyrefusedtogivemeanyexplanationandtreatedmerudely.

[5]HonestlyspeakingIfeelextremelybadaboutyourservice.[6]I'msorryto

besoforthrightbutIdohopeyoucansparetimetoinvestigatetheproblem

andgivemeaproperanswer.Bestwishes!SincerelyyoursLiMingDear

Manager,[1]Ihavejustreturnedfromaholiday,duringwhichIstayedinyour

hotel.Unfortunately,theexperiencewasnotpleasant.[2]SoIventuretowrite

youalettertocomplainaboutthebadserviceofyourhotel.[3]Therewere

severaldefectsandthefollowingarethemostintolerableones.[4]Firstly,the

environmentoftheroomisnotasgoodasyou'veclaimedtobe.It'sairtight

andsmellsdisgusting.[4]Secondly,someofyourwaitershavelittlesenseof

service.Theyforgotaboutthemeal1hadbookedandwhenIcalledagain

theyrefusedtogivemeanyexplanationandtreatedmerudely.[5]Honestly

speaking,Ifeelextremelybadaboutyourservice.[6]I'msorrytobeso

forthright,butIdohopeyoucansparetimetoinvestigatetheproblemand

givemeaproperanswer.Bestwishes!Sincerelyyours,LiMing

13.RoleOfMassMediainShapingOurViewMassmediahavebecomean

importantpartofourlife.Theyofferusnotonlyvarietiesofentertainment

butalsoallkindsofinformation.Mostimportantofalltheycanhelpshape

ourviewtowardssocietyandlife.Asweknowitisthroughmassmediathat

wegettoknowwhatisgoingoninsideinourcountryandintheworld.No

doubtwewillallowthemtomouldournotionsandopinionsofcurrentevents

differentnationsandpeople.Forexamplemostofusnevermeetprime

ministersorpresidentsbutwecanformouropinionofthemthroughmass

media.Whenittimeforustocastourvoteswewillmakeourdecisionbased

onhowthemassmediapicturethem.Thereforemassmediatosomedegree

canmakeabigdifferencetotheresultsoftheelection.Inadditionthrough

theftprogramsandarticlesmassmediaarealsospreadingcultureandlifestyle.

Manypeoplefollowthetasteandfashionofthemassmediainformingtheir

attitudetowardsmusicfilmsandclothesstyles.Howeverwemustbecritical

abouttheroleofmassmediainshapingourview.Itisafactthatsomemass

mediacanbemisleadingsothatwecannothaveatruepictureofwhatis

goingon.What'smoremassmediacanhaveabadeffectontheyoung

generationbecausesomeoftheprogramsorarticlesarefilledwithviolence

sexandbiasagainstacertaingroupofpeople.RoleOfMassMediainShaping

OurViewMassmediahavebecomeanimportantpartofourlife.Theyoffer

usnotonlyvarietiesofentertainmentbutalsoallkindsofinformation.Most

importantofall,theycanhelpshapeourviewtowardssocietyandlife.Aswe

know,itisthroughmassmediathatwegettoknowwhatisgoingoninside

inourcountryandintheworld.Nodoubt,wewillallowthemtomouldour

notionsandopinionsofcurrentevents,differentnationsandpeople.For

example,mostofusnevermeetprimeministersorpresidents,butwecan

form,ouropinionofthemthroughmassmedia.Whenittimeforustocast

ourvotes,wewillmakeourdecisionbasedonhowthemassmediapicture

them.Therefore,massmedia,tosomedegree,canmakeabigdifferenceto

theresultsoftheelection.Inaddition,throughtheftprogramsandarticles,

massmediaarealsospreadingcultureandlifestyle.Manypeoplefollowthe

tasteandfashionofthemassmediainformingtheirattitudetowardsmusic,

filmsandclothesstyles.However,wemustbecriticalabouttheroleofmass

mediainshapingourview.Itisafactthatsomemassmediacanbemisleading

sothatwecannothaveatruepictureofwhatisgoingon.What'smore,mass

mediacanhaveabadeffectontheyounggenerationbecausesomeofthe

programsorarticlesarefilledwithviolence,sexandbiasagainstacertain

groupofpeople.

14.Asisvividlyrevealedinthedrawingabovefourpeoplearemakingjoint

effortstofinishabeautifulpaintingwhichshowsthatafamilyisliving

happilyinthesun.Whatisindicatedinthedrawingaboveismostmeaningful

andthoughtprovoking.Theimpliedmeaningofthedrawingcanbe

interpretedintermsofcooperationcontributionandharmonioussociety.On

theonehandcooperationandcontributionareneededtocreateaniceliving

environment.Everypersonshouldhaveasenseofresponsibilitytocontribute

tooursociety.Learningtocooperateandcontributeisindispensabletoallthe

people.Ontheotherhandharmonioussocietyisbuiltupbymeansofjoint

effortsofthegeneralpublic.Itshouldbegenerallyrecognizedthatthe

happinessofourownlifedependslargelyonthecooperationandcontribution

madebyotherpeople.Wecannotlivewithoutcareandlovewhichareoffered

bypeoplesurroundingus.Inonewordweneedcooperationandcontribution

inpursuitofacomfortablesocietyandlife.Inmyopinionsomenecessary

measuresmustbetakentoensuretheestablishmentofaharmonioussociety.

Firstofallaneducationcampaignshouldbelaunchedsoastoguideevery

citizentocultivateasenseofcontributionandcooperation.What'smore

governmentdepartmentsatdifferentlevelsmustworkhardtomakeusrealize

thatanideallivingenvironmentiscreatedthroughjointefforts.Onlyinthese

wayscanweliveinaharmonioussociety.Asisvividlyrevealedinthe

drawingabove,fourpeoplearemakingjointeffortstofinishabeautiful

painting,whichshowsthatafamilyislivinghappilyinthesun.Whatis

indicatedinthedrawingaboveismostmeaningfulandthoughtprovoking.

Theimpliedmeaningofthedrawingcanbeinterpretedintermsof

cooperation,contributionandharmonioussociety.Ontheonehand,

cooperationandcontributionareneededtocreateanicelivingenvironment.

Everypersonshouldhaveasenseofresponsibilitytocontributetooursociety.

Learningtocooperateandcontributeisindispensabletoallthepeople.Onthe

otherhand,harmonioussocietyisbuiltupbymeansofjointeffortsofthe

generalpublic.Itshouldbegenerallyrecognizedthatthehappinessofour

ownlifedependslargelyonthecooperationandcontributionmadebyother

people.Wecannotlivewithoutcareandlovewhichareofferedbypeople

surroundingus.Inoneword,weneedcooperationandcontributioninpursuit

ofacomfortablesocietyandlife.Inmyopinion,somenecessarymeasures

mustbetakentoensuretheestablishmentofaharmonioussociety.Firstofall,

aneducationcampaignshouldbelaunchedsoastoguideeverycitizento

cultivateasenseofcontributionandcooperation.What'smore,government

departmentsatdifferentlevelsmustworkhardtomakeusrealizethatanideal

livingenvironmentiscreatedthroughjointefforts.Onlyinthesewayscanwe

liveinaharmonioussociety.

15.Inthelasttwodecadesofthe20thcenturyenormouschangestookplace

inChinawhichwerereflectedinthechangesonpeople'sdiningtables.As

showninthepicturesin1980smostfamiliesintheruralareasofChinahad

mainlycornflourandvegetablesastheirfoodwhileurbanfamiliespreferred

tohaverefinedflourriceandmeatastheirmainfood.Howeverintheyearof

2000itwasfoundthatcountrypeoplewereeatingtherefinedflourriceand

meatwhilecityresidentsshiftedtowhatthecountrypeopleusedtoeat.The

reasonsbehindallthisarejustobvious.Owingtotheeconomicgrowthinthe

ruralareascountrypeoplecannowaffordtoeatbetterthaneverhe{ore.In

themeantimetheenhancementofhealthconsciousnesshasresultedinamore

scientificandbalancedmeal.Peoplearechoosingtoincreasetheirdaily

intakeofvegetablesfruitsandgrainslimitingtheconsumptionofanimal

protein.Itwillbeonlynaturalthatwiththeimprovementofournational

economyandfurtherdevelopmentofmedicalandnutritionalsciencespeople

inChinawilleatinamorehealthywayinthefuture.Inthelasttwodecades

ofthe20thcentury,enormouschangestookplaceinChina,whichwere

reflectedinthechangesonpeople'sdiningtables.Asshowninthepictures,

in1980s,mostfamiliesintheruralareasofChinahadmainlycorn,flour,and

vegetablesastheirfoodwhileurbanfamiliespreferredtohaverefinedflour,

riceandmeatastheirmainfood.However,intheyearof2000,itwasfound

thatcountrypeoplewereeatingtherefinedflour,riceandmeatwhilecity

residentsshiftedtowhatthecountrypeopleusedtoeat.Thereasonsbehind

allthisarejustobvious.Owingtotheeconomicgrowthintheruralareas,

countrypeoplecannowaffordtoeatbetterthaneverhe{ore.Inthemeantime,

theenhancementofhealthconsciousnesshasresultedinamorescientificand

balancedmeal.Peoplearechoosingtoincreasetheirdailyintakeofvegetables,

fruitsandgrains,limitingtheconsumptionofanimalprotein.Itwillbeonly

naturalthat,withtheimprovementofournationaleconomyandfurther

developmentofmedicalandnutritionalsciences,peopleinChinawilleatin

amorehealthywayinthefuture.

16.DevelopingEconomyorProtectingtheEnvironmentSomepeoplethink

thattheurgenttaskistodevelopeconomyonalargescale.Asoneofthe

fundamentalpoliciesofourcountrydevelopingeconomyplaysmoreand

moreimportantroleinoursociety.Onlythroughdevelopingeconomyona

largescaleandincreasingtheproductivitypeople'slifewillbecomemore

well-offandourcountrywilldevelopfasterandfaster.Andournationwill

haveamoreimportantpositionintheworld.Ontheotherhandmanypeople

insistthatenvironmentprotectionshouldbeapriority.Intheiropinion

environmentisthebasicessenceofhumanbeings'life.Withoutfreshairand

cleanwaterpeoplewouldn'thavelivedintheearth.Ifweonlydevelop

economybutdon'ttakeeffectivemeasuretoprotectenvironmentourchildren

willliveinaworldlackingnaturalresourcesandevenfreshairandclean

water.Inmyopinioneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection

areofthesameimportance.Onehanditisimportanttodevelopeconomyfor

theboomingofourcountryontheotherhandwemustprotectenvironment

atthesametimeforthelastingdevelopmentandmakesurethatourchildren

willhaveagoodlivingenvironment.DevelopingEconomyorProtectingthe

EnvironmentSomepeoplethinkthattheurgenttaskistodevelopeconomy

onalargescale.Asoneofthefundamentalpoliciesofourcountry,developing

economyplaysmoreandmoreimportantroleinoursociety.Onlythrough

developingeconomyonalargescaleandincreasingtheproductivity,people's

lifewillbecomemorewell-offandourcountrywilldevelopfasterandfaster.

Andournationwillhaveamoreimportantpositionintheworld.Ontheother

hand,manypeopleinsistthatenvironmentprotectionshouldbeapriority.In

theiropinion,environmentisthebasicessenceofhumanbeings'life.Without

freshairandcleanwater,peoplewouldn'thavelivedintheearth.Ifweonly

developeconomy,butdon'ttakeeffectivemeasuretoprotectenvironment,

ourchildrenwillliveinaworldlackingnaturalresourcesandevenfreshair

andcleanwater.Inmyopinion,economicdevelopmentandenvironmental

protectionareofthesameimportance.Onehand,itisimportanttodevelop

economyfortheboomingofourcountry,ontheotherhand,wemustprotect

environmentatthesametimeforthelastingdevelopmentandmakesurethat

ourchildrenwillhaveagoodlivingenvironment.解析：這是一篇提綱式

各抒己見類議論文。各抒己見類作文的寫作特點(diǎn)是通過對(duì)不同觀點(diǎn)或看

法進(jìn)行分析，最后得出自己的看法或結(jié)論。這篇文章也屬于這種手法。

文章首先列出對(duì)于發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和保護(hù)環(huán)境問題的兩種不同看法。第一段文

章用直人法引入一些人的觀點(diǎn)，要大力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)以消除貧因。本段的主

題句可擬作：somepeoplethinkthattheurgenttaskistodevelopeconomy

onalargescale,然而用"ontheotherhand"完成段落的過渡，筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)引

入另一些人的觀點(diǎn)：我們應(yīng)把環(huán)保放在首位。這可以作為第二段的主題

句Manypeopleinsistthatenvironmentalprotectionshouldbeatoppriority.,

接著文章用羅列法，列出要重視環(huán)保的理由，如生態(tài)環(huán)境已遭破壞，目

前世界污染問題十分嚴(yán)重等。最后，文章用“Inmyopinion"引出自己的

觀點(diǎn)和結(jié)論；要在保護(hù)環(huán)境的前提下發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，辨證地看待經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和

環(huán)境保護(hù)的問題。Botheconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentprotection

areoururgenttasks.

17.DearMs.WangIwouldliketoknowifIcouldaskforasickleaveof

absencefromclassesfortwodays.YesterdayIplayedbasketballwithmy

classmatesontheplayground.IsweatalotsoItookabathewithcoldwater.

IntheeveningIhadafeverwithatemperatureof39℃degreeandwassent

totheuniversityhospital.Thedoctoradvisedcompletebedrestfortwodays

andasaresultIhavebeenunabletoattendclassestodayandtomorrow.Iam

concernedaboutkeepingupwithmystudiesandhavebeendoingtherequired

readingsasassignedbyteachers.Wouldyoupleaseadvisemeregardingmy

coursesspecificallyiftherewillbeanyspec