虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法

關(guān)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法

I'dratherbeasparrowthanasnail.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.

I'dratherbeahammerthananail.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.

Away,I'drathersailaway/likeaswanthat'shereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsound.

第2頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月I'dratherbeaforestthanastreet.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.

I'dratherfeeltheearthbeneathmyfeet.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.

Away,I'drathersailaway/likeaswanthat'shereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsound第3頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月在if條件句中的用法虛擬語(yǔ)氣!虛擬條件句IfIcould,Isurelywould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.

第4頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Thesubjunctivemood(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)

isusedtoexpressunrealconditionsorwishesthatareagainstthefact,eitheratpresentorinthepast,ortotalkaboutimaginedsituations

inthefuture.

第5頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月條件從句If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.過(guò)去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)

虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件句中的用法第6頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

虛擬條件句的要點(diǎn)

1、虛擬條件句的常態(tài)句

2、虛擬條件句的省略倒裝句

3、混合條件句(錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句)4、含蓄條件句

5、虛實(shí)結(jié)合第7頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

1、虛擬條件句的常態(tài)句

第8頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月I

wouldbuyanexpensivecar.

IfIhadalotofmoney,________________________________________看圖說(shuō)話：用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)第9頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月IfIwereabird,

Icouldflyinthesky.第10頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月IfI____________busylastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegone第11頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Ifhe

morecarefully,he

thecaraccidentyesterday.

wouldnothavehad

haddriven

第12頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Ifit____tomorrow,we_________camping.

Ifit________tomorrow,

we________camping.

Ifit________

tomorrow,

we________camping.

rainedwouldn’tgoshouldrain

wouldn’tgoweretorain

wouldn’tgo第13頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月IfIcouldsavetimeinabottle,ThefirstthingthatIwouldliketodowouldbetosaveeverydayuntileternitypassawayjusttospendthemwithyouIfIcouldmakedayslastforeverIfwordscouldmakewishescometrueIwouldsaveeverydaylikeatreasureandthenagainIwouldspendthemwithyou如果我能把時(shí)間存入一個(gè)瓶子,我要做的第一件事情是，把每一天都存下來(lái)直到永恒,再和你一起慢慢度過(guò)如果我能把時(shí)間化作永恒,如果我的愿望能一一成真我會(huì)把每天都像寶貝一樣儲(chǔ)存，再和你一起慢慢度過(guò)第14頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

Oneday,afatherandhislittlesonweregoinghome.Atthisage,theboywasinterestedinallkindsofthingsandwasalwaysaskingquestions.

Now,heasked,"What'sthemeaningoftheword'Drunk',dad?""Well,myson,"hisfatherreplied,“Look,therearetwopolicemenstandingoverthere.IfIregardedthetwopolicemenasfour,Iwouldbedrunk."

"But,dad,"theboysaid,"there'sonlyONEpoliceman!"

Whatcanweinferfromthedialogue?A.Thefathermusthavebeendrunk.B.Thesonwasratherstupid.C.Thesonwasgoodatfindingother’smistakes.D.Thefatherwasapoliceman.

√第15頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

2、虛擬條件句的省略倒裝句如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)部分有were，had和should時(shí)，可省略if，把were，had和should放到從句主語(yǔ)前面去，構(gòu)成倒裝，多見于書面語(yǔ)。①省略if②把were，had或should提前構(gòu)成：第16頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Ifhehadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,hewouldhavetelephonedyou.=

Hadheknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,hewouldhavetelephonedyou.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=

WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitwerenotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.=Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.第17頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月WereIyou,

Iwouldtryitagain.=IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

hewouldhaveseenthefilm.=Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

wewouldn’tgoout.=Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.第18頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月_______fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.Ifyoushouldarrive B.IfyouarriveC.Hadyouarrived D.Shouldyouarrive________itraintomorrow,weshouldputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.might第19頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月3、混合條件句(錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句)

當(dāng)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并不相互呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見的混合型條件句是從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（指過(guò)去行為），而主句用一般時(shí)（指目前狀態(tài)）。第20頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月★如果你之前努力學(xué)習(xí)了，你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學(xué)生，四年后就會(huì)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。

Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears.★如果你采納了她的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是個(gè)百萬(wàn)富翁了。

Ifyouhadtakenheradvice,youwouldbeamillionairenow.★假如我是你，我當(dāng)時(shí)就會(huì)采納她的建議。

IfIwereyou

,

Iwouldhavetakenheradvicethen.第21頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

LittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwocents."WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?",Motherasked."Igaveittoapooroldwoman,"heanswered."You'reagoodboy,"saidthemotherproudly."Herearetwocentsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?"“Ifshehadnotbeentheonewhosoldthecandy,IwouldnothavegivenhermymoneyandIwouldnotbesointerestedinher.”heanswered.

Whatcanweknowfromthispassage?A.Robertpaidtheoldwomanforthecandy.B.Robertwasagoodboy.C.TheoldwomangaveRobertthecandyforfree.D.Theoldwomandidn’tsellthecandy.√第22頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Dentist:I'msorry,Madam,butIshallhavetochargeyoutwentydollarsforpullingyourboy'stooth.Women:Twentydollars!Why，Iunderstandyoutosaythatyou’llchargeonlyfourdollarsforsuchwork!Dentist:Yes,ifyoursonhadn’tyelledsoterribly,Iwouldhavefourotherpatientsnow.

Whatdoesthedentistmean?

A.Theboydidn’tyellbecausehewasbrave.B.Thedentistwantstoaskforhisloss.C.Hewillhavefourotherpatients.D.Hehasfourotherpatientsnow.√第23頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月4、含蓄條件句

虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái)，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。

含蓄條件句大體有兩種情況:

①條件暗含在介詞短語(yǔ)連詞副詞如without,butfor,but,or,otherwise中②條件暗含在上下文中

解題時(shí)要把握語(yǔ)境，分析與何種事實(shí)（過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)）相反。第24頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Withoutair,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes._________________,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.__________________________,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.=Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;____________,hewouldhavetelephonedme.

=Iftherewerenoair=Ifithadnotbeenforthestormifhehadarrived

①條件暗含在介詞短語(yǔ)連詞副詞中。第25頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

②條件暗含在上下文中。

Youmightstayhereforever.

(可能暗含ifyouwantedto)Wewouldhavesucceeded.

(可能暗含ifwehadkepttrying)Yourreputationwouldberuined.

(可能暗含ifyoushouldacceptit)Iwouldappreciatealittleofyourtime.

(可能暗含ifyouweresokindastogivemealittleofyourtime)第26頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Customer:Waiter,thislobster(龍蝦)hasonlyoneclaw（鉗）.

Waiter:I'msorry.Itmusthavebeenaloserinafight,oritwouldhavetwoclaws

now.

Customer:Well,bringmethewinnerthen.

Whatcanwelearnfromthisdialogue?A.Thelobsterlostoneclawinafight.B.Thelobsterwillgettwoclawsinafight.C.Thewaiterwantstofindanexcuseforthemistake.D.Thelobsterhastwoclawsnow.√第27頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

5、虛實(shí)結(jié)合在同一個(gè)情境下，兼有對(duì)虛擬和真實(shí)情況的描述第28頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____moreplacesofinterestyesterday.（2012福建）

A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisitedSorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.(2012湖南)A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.hadDD真實(shí)情況虛擬情況真實(shí)情況虛擬情況第29頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月They___twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenabletoaffordtogo.(2007山東)A.hadgotB.gotC.havegotD.get—DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?—No.Ifso,he_____hiscartoourcollegeyesterday.【2013福建30】A.woulddrive B.droveC.wouldhavedriven D.haddriven—Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.—Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe_______.【2013重慶29】A.hadn’tB.haven'tC.didn'tD.don't第30頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月第31頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月ResponseAbilityAnewspaperorganizedacontestforthebestanswertothequestion:“IfafirebrokeoutintheLouvre(盧浮宮),andifyoucouldonlysaveonepainting,whichonewouldyoucarryout?"Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthethewinningreply

?A.Theonenearesttheexit.B.Themostexpensiveone.C.Thelightestone.D.Theoldestone.第32頁(yè),共39頁(yè)，星期六，2024年，5月

NewDiscoveryAhillbilly（鄉(xiāng)下人）wasvisitingthebigcityforthefirsttime.Enteringanofficebuilding,hesawapudgy（矮胖的）olderwomanstepintoasmallroom.Thedoorsclosed,lightsflashed,andafterawhilethedoorslidopenandabeautifulyoungmodelsteppedofftheelevator.

Blinkinginamazement,thehillbillydrawled(慢吞吞地說(shuō)),"Ishouldhavebroughtmywife!“

Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thehillbillyknewlittleaboutthebigcity.B.Hiswifewasnotattractiveenough.C.Hiswifecouldn’tbemorebeautiful.D.Hebelievedhiswifewouldbecomeyoung