余勁草英語unit1下解讀

EnglishReadingandTranslationforPostgraduates

(LevelB)JincaoYU2Unit1

LivingAFullLife

Somethingsimilarhappenstomanypeoplewhoexperienceaterrifyingphysicalthreat.Inthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityispierced,andtheself-protectivementalarmorthatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.Oureverydaylifescripts-ourhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptions–gooutthewindow,andweareleftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.13.

Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswellasfullycomingtotermswithanewreality,usuallytakesconsciouseffort.Beingwillingandabletotakeonthisprocessisoneofthemajordifferencesbetweenthosewhogrowthroughadversityandthosewhoaredestroyedbyit.Thepeoplewhofindvalueinadversityaren’tthetoughestorthemostrational.Whatmakesthemdifferentisthattheyareabletoincorporatewhathappenedintothestoryoftheirownlife.Comprehension14. Eventually,theymayfindthemselvesfreedinwaystheyneverimagined.Survivorsoftensaytheyhavebecomemoretolerantandforgivingofothers,capableofbringingpeacetoformerlytroubledrelationships.Theysaythatmaterialambitionssuddenlyseemsillyandthepleasuresoffriendsandfamilyparamount-andthatthecrisisallowedthemtorecognizelifeinlinewiththeirnewpriorities.15. Peoplewhohavegrownfromadversityoftenfeelmuchlessfear,despitethefrighteningthingsthey’vebeenthrough.Theyaresurprisedbytheirownstrength,confidentthattheycanhandlewhateverelselifethrowsatthem.“Peopledon’tsaythatwhattheywentthroughwaswonderful,”saidTedeschi.“Theyweren’tmeaningtogrowfromit.Theywerejusttryingtosurvive.Butinretrospect,whattheygainedwasmorethantheyeveranticipated.”16. InhisrecentbookSatisfaction,EmoryUniversitypsychiatristGregoryBernspointstoextremeenduranceathleteswhopushthemselvestotheirphysicallimitsfordaysatatime.Theycyclethroughthesamesequenceofsensationsasdotraumasurvivors:self-loss,confusionand,finallyanewsenseofmastery.Forultramarathoners,whoregularlyrun100-mileracesthatlastmorethan24hours,vomitingandhallucinatingarenormal.Afteradayandnightofrunningwithoutstoppingorsleeping,competitorssometimesforgetwhotheyareandwhattheyaredoing.17. Foramorecommonexampleofgrowththroughadversity,looktooneoflife’sbiggestchallenges:parenting.Havingababyhasbeenshowntodecreaselevelsofhappiness.Thesleepdeprivationandnecessityofputtingasidepersonalpleasureinordertocareforaninfantmeanthatpeoplewithnewbornsaremorelikelytobedepressedandfindtheirmarriageontherocks.Nonetheless,overthelonghaul,raisingachildisoneofthemostrewardingandmeaningfulofallhumanundertakings.Theshort-termsacrificeofhappinessisoutweighedbyotherbenefits,likefulfillment,altruismandthechancetoleaveameaningfullegacy.18. Ultimately,theemotionalrewa4rdcancompensateforthepainanddifficultyofadversity.Thisperspectivedoesnotcanceloutwhathappened,butitputsitallinadifferentcontext:thatit’spossibletoliveanextraordinaryrewardinglifeevenwithintheconstraintsandstrugglesweface.Insomeformorother,saysKing,weallmustgothroughthisrealization.“You’renotgoingtobethepersonyouthoughtyouwere,buthere’swhoyouaregoingtobeinstead–andthatturnsouttobeaprettygreatlife.”

Comprehension

Inthatmoment,…,andtheself-protectivemental

armor

thatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.（Para.12）armor:n.Adefensivecovering,asofmetal,wood,orleather,worntoprotectthebodyagainstweapons.e.g.

Theirfeatherswerelikearmorimpenetrabletosteel.

它們的羽毛就象鋼鐵穿不透的盔甲。e.g.

TothrowawayweaponandarmorMoretodoInthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityispierced,andtheself-protectivementalarmorthatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistornaway.Totranslate:在事情發(fā)生的那一瞬間，我們的安全感被沖破了，平時處于我們與我們對世界的種種看法之間的自我保護的精神盔甲被剝離了。在那個時刻，我們不會受到攻擊的觀念被洞穿，自我保護的精神盔甲被撕碎，而這一盔甲通常是挺立在我們和我們對世界的看法之間的。Oureverydaylifescripts-ourhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptions–gooutthewindow,andweareleftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.(Para.12)goout(of)thewindow:ifaquality,principle,orideagoesoutofthewindow,itdoesnotexistanymoree.g.

Thenpeoplestartdrinkingandsensegoesoutofthewindow.

Moretodoperception:n.感覺，知覺，領(lǐng)悟力，認識，觀念e.g.敏銳的洞察力e.g.Hisperceptionofthechangecameinaflash.perceive:v.becomeawareof,havetheknowledgeofespeciallythroughtheeyesorthemind;toachieveunderstandingof;apprehend.認知，理解e.g.

to

perceivetobaccouseassymbolsofmanhood透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)e.g.seethroughtheappearancetoperceivetheessence

acuteperceptionMoretodoperceptive,perceptual,perceptibleThesechangeswerealready____________beforethewar.Idonotknowwhetherthe___________PeterLeebelievedme.

Anyonewhothinksthatrationalknowledgeneednotbederivedfrom___________knowledgeisanidealist.

perceptible:adj.formalthatcanbeperceived;noticeableperceptive:adj.apprec.showinganunusuallygoodabilitytonoticeandunderstand

perceptibleperceptualperceptiveOureverydaylifescripts-outhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptionsgooutthewindow,andweareleftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.Totranslate:我們的日常生活軌跡（我們的習(xí)慣，自我認識和主觀意念）全部被拋到九霄云外，只剩下對世界的原始體驗。Whatmakesthemdifferentis…incorporate

whathappenedintothestoryoftheirownlife.（Para13）incorporate:v.tounite(onething)withsomethingelsealreadyinexistence;Tocausetomergeorcombinetogetherintoaunitedwholee.g.

incorporateonefirmwithanothere.g.

Butwecanincorporatesomeoftheirapproachwhichwillstrengthenourareasofweakness.Butin

retrospect,whattheygainedwasmorethantheyeveranticipated.(Para.15)retrospect:n.areview,survey,orcontemplationofthingsinthepastinretrospect:lookingbackwardorreviewingthepaste.g.

Inretrospect,itwastheirgenerositywithwhattheyknewthatmadethemsmarter.e.g.

Inretrospect,thepast100yearsofhumanexistencehavebeenextremelyexciting,andextremelyfrighteningaswell.Forultramarathoners,whoregularlyrun100-mileracesthatlastmorethan24hours,…(Para.16)ultra-:beyondtherange,scopeorlimitofe.g.

ultrasonicscanninge.g.

ultraliberale.g.ultraleftistultra-:beyond,ontheothersideof

e.g.

ultraviolet

e.g.

ultrared

Theshort-termsacrifice…isoutweighedby…(Para.17)out-:1)

excellingorsurpassinginaparticularaction

e.g.outlastoutlive2)indicatinganexternallocationorsituationawayfromthecentre

e.g.outpostoutpatient3)indicatingemergence,anissuingforth,etc.

e.g.outgrowth4)indicatingtheresultofanaction

e.g.outcometheemotionalrewardcan

compensate

forthe

painanddifficultyofadversity.(Para18)compensate:v.serveasorprovideasubstituteorcounterbalance.e.g.

Sheusedhergoodlookstocompensateforherlackofintelligence.compensative:adj.償還的，補充的，賠償?shù)膃.g.compensativesuretyship賠償保證Thisperspectivedoesnot

cancelout

whathappened,(Para.18)cancelout:towipeouttheeffectofsomething;doawaywith,eliminatee.g.

Thenewtaxeffectivelycancelsoutmyraise.e.g.

Theprosandconscancelout.e.g.Herkindnessandgenerositycanceloutheroccasionalflashesoftemper.

他的缺點抵銷了他的優(yōu)點。e.g.Hisweaknessescancelouthisvirtues.

ComprehensionCheck“Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswellasfullycomingtotermswithanewreality,usuallytakesconsciouseffort.”(Para.12)Whatdoesthesentencemean?Answer:Changesdonotcomebythemselveswithoutactionbeingtakenbyourselves.ComprehensionCheckWhatistheconclusiontheauthorhasmade?Answer:It’spossibletoliveanextraordinaryrewardinglifeevenwithintheconstraintsandstrugglesweface.IfyouwillcollectthegrossnationalhappinessindexforChinain2014,whichtwodays/eventswillyouchoosetoanalyze?Why?ImaginesomeonereadingyourFacebookstatusupdatesandparsingyourwordstoassesshowhappyorsadyouareatanyparticularmoment.Nowimagineapplyingthatsameparsingtechnologynotjusttoyou,buttoallofFacebook’s100millionAmericanusers.Theresult:Facebook’sGrossNationalHappinessindex,ameasureofthenationalmood.Themethodologyissomewhatcomplicated—Facebookcountsthenumberof“positive”and“negative”wordsusedineachstatusupdate,convertsthemtopercentages,findsaveragepercentsbasedonallusersthatday,thensubtractsthe“negativepercent”fromthe“positivepercent”togetavaluefortheyaxis—buttheresultsareclear:Weekendsandholidaysarebetterthanmidweek,andMother’sDayandFather’sDay’09recordedmorehappinessthan’08.parse:tomakesenseof,comprehend,分析，解析e.g. top-downparse Isimplycouldn’tparsewhatyouju