Unit1ScienceFictionLearningAboutLanguage語(yǔ)法課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者

TheGreatWallisvisited

bymanypeopleeveryyear.ManypeoplevisittheGreatWalleveryyear.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)把主動(dòng)句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動(dòng)句Weplantsometreeseveryyear.Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Everyonelikesthestory.Thestory

islikedbyeveryone.時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does一般過(guò)去時(shí)did一般將來(lái)時(shí)willdo過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)woulddo現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoingam/is/aredonewas/weredonewillbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone學(xué)以致用1.Anewcinema______here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth. A.willbebuilt B.isbuilt C.hasbeenbuilt D.isbeingbuilt2.—Whydidyouleavethatposition—I______abetterpositionatIBM.A.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered3.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool______abroadtostudymedicinelastyear.A.sent B.weresent C.hadsent D.hadbeensent學(xué)以致用4.Themomentthe28thOlympicGames______open,thewholeworldcheered.A.declared B.weredeclaredC.havedeclared D.havebeendeclared5.Johnhadtohavehiscarrepairedinagaragebecauseit______seriously.A.damaged B.wasbeingdamaged C.haddamaged D.hadbeendamaged[即學(xué)即練1]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Everyone'spay_______________(increase)nextyearby5%.②Itisthefirsttimethattheactress'sperformance_________________(recognize)bythedirector.③Thehouseisquiteold.It_________(build)in1950.④Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_____________(repair)atthegarage.willbeincreasedhasbeenrecognizedwasbuiltisbeingrepaired優(yōu)化探究P12PART-THREE被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)1)短語(yǔ)介詞或副詞切記不可遺漏。Thesebooksmustbetaken

goodcare

of.

Thechildrenwerewelllookedafter.

例.Goodcaremust______babiesparticularlywhiletheyareill.A.take

B.takeofC.betaken

D.betakenof答案D。takecareofbabies

carebetakenofbabies句子主語(yǔ)為care，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以答案為D。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)常考點(diǎn)(2)可帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng),如give,send,take,bring,teach,tell,offer,sing,buy,promise,make,write,ask,lend,show,pay

例：He

gave

her

some

money.

She

was

given

some

money.

Some

money

was

given

to

her.帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，一般把“人”提前作主語(yǔ)；將“物”提前則要在“人”的前面加to

或for。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),一般將主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ),而將賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)保留不動(dòng)(這時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))。(3)帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)

例：HisfathercalledhimJack.HewascalledJackbyhisfather.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)(3)帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)

注意：當(dāng)在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，make，hear，see等詞后接不定式要省略to，但轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，則要加上to。

例：Hiswordsmademethrowup.→Iwasmadetothrowupbyhiswords.他的話令我作嘔。主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的情況：

1、主語(yǔ)是物，謂語(yǔ)是表示主語(yǔ)特征或?qū)傩缘牟患拔飫?dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞有write,read,wear,wash,clean,sell,run等。這些動(dòng)詞常與副詞smoothly,easily,well,badly等連用。例如：Themachinerunswell.Thiskindofbooksellswell.Thepenwritessmoothly.這支鋼筆寫(xiě)起來(lái)很流暢。Theclothwasheseasily.這種布料容易洗。

2、表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞：look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear等。例如：—Doyoulikethematerial—Yes,it________(feel)verysoft.

Yourideasoundsreasonable.Whathesaidprovedtobecorrect.3.不及物動(dòng)詞和某些短語(yǔ)。

takeplace,breakout,comeabout,belongto,runout等.(1)WorldwarⅡbrokeoutin1937.(2)Theshopopensat6ameveryday.

4.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的某些主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義

Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Volleyballisveryinterestingtowatch.

在“be+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。常見(jiàn)形容詞有：cheap,easy,comfortable,difficult,hard,light,heavy,expensive,pleasant,interesting,fit等

5）want,need,require,deserve和beworth等詞的后面可以用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式doing表示被動(dòng)意義。Thetablewantscleaning.Thechildrenneedslookingafter.Thecoatrequiresmending.Hedeservespunishingforwhathedid.Thebookisworthreading.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)“get+done”構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示狀態(tài)或情況：

getmarried結(jié)婚

getengaged訂婚

gethurt/wounded受傷

getlost迷路

getdrunk喝醉了

getcaught/stuck/trapped被困

getdressed穿好衣服

getrunover被(車)軋Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Tomakewayforthewidestreet，thesehousesneed__________________(pull)down.2．—Whataboutyournewclothes—Theyarealittleexpensivebutthecloth_________(wash)well.pulling/tobepulledwashes3．Whenfatandsalt____________(remove)fromfood，thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.4．Steamengines__________(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers，withallthesmokeandnoise.5．He_________(envy)bymanymen，becausehehasabighouse，acarandagoodfamily.areremovedwereusedisenvied6．—Hi，LiPing.CanIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon—Sorry.It________________(repair).7．Wewon'tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparations_______________(make).8．Thenextthing__________(do)istocleantheclassroom.isbeingrepairedhavebeenmadetobedoneⅡ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Theyarediscussingthequestionatthemeeting.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))→______________________________________________2．Hehurriedtothestation，butwastoldthetrainhadleft.(改為only＋不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))→________________________________________________Thequestionisbeingdiscussedbythematthemeeting.Hehurriedtothestation，onlytobetoldthetrainhadleft.3．Theywillgivemeachancetoplayinthisgameagain.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))→____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwillbegivenacha