職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)綜合類(lèi)b級(jí)模擬51

職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)綜合類(lèi)B級(jí)模擬51

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

1、Whensnowcollectsontopofabuildingduringthewinter,theweightsometimes

weakenstheconstructionandoccasionallycausestherooftocollapse.

A.selectsB.scattersC.meltsD.accumulates

2、Whywasthefootballmatchcalledoff?

A.heldupB.putoffC.endedD.cancelled

3、Hewassaidtohavebeenremovedfromthepositionofmanagerforarecent

conflictwilanimportantcustomer.

A.dismissedB.releasedC.pickedD.exposed

4、Ienjoyedtheplay-ithadacleverplotandveryfunnydialogues.

A.longB.boringC.originalD.humorous

5、Thebeachisanidealplaceforaweekend.

A.seasideB.campC.mountainD.resort

area

6、Thechild*sabnormalbehaviorpuzzledthedoctor.

A.funnyB.frightening

C.repeatedD.unusual

7、Itseemshighlyunlikelythatshewillpasstheexam,

A.veryB.completely

C.usuallyD.mostly

8、Hewassaidtohavebeenremovedfromthepositionofmanagerforarecent

conflictwithanimportantcustomer.

A.dismissedB.releasedC.pickedD.exposed

9、Injudgingourworkyoushouldtakeintoconsiderationthefactthatwehave

beenverybusyrecently.

A.thoughtB.mind

C.accountD.memory

10>Theweatherherehasbeenexceptionallymild.

A.extremelyB.identicallyC.fashionablyD.faithfully

11>Onthebrinkofmatrimony,hefledtoadesertisland.

A.shipB.proposalC.edgeD.evasion

12>Herfatherwasaquietmanwithgracefulmanners.

A.politeB.similarC.usualD.bad

13>Alldogsarecapableofdoingharmtohumanbeings.

A.damageB.injuryC.dangerD.wound

14、Theoncebarrenhillsidesarenowgoodfarmland.

A.hairlessB.bareC.emptyD.

bald

15>Peterisexperiencingadifficulttimeinhislife.

A.goingintoB.goingoutofC.goingoverD.going

through

第2部分：閱讀判斷

FoodandHealth

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Although

sciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeatzithasat

thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthat

perhapseightypercentofallhumanillnessesarerelatedtothedietaswellz

especiallycancerofthecolon（結(jié)腸）.Differentculturesaremorelikelyto

developcertainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthese

cultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945z

governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitrates（硝酸鹽）commonlyusedtopreserve

colorinmeatszandotherfoodadditives,accusedcancer.Yetztheseadditives

remaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhich

thingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.The

additiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillin（W

霉素）tobeefandpoultry（家禽）,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfound

inthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimessimilardragsareadministeredtoanimals

notformedicinalpurposes,hutforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimply

tryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.

AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration（FDA.hastriedrepeatedlytocontrol

theseprocedureszthepracticescontinue.

16、Asaresultofscientificintervention（介入）zsomeharmfulsubstances

havebeenaddedtoourfood.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Nitratesareusuallyusedforkeepingthesmelloffood.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、“FDA"meansFoodandDrugAdministration.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Allthedrugsgiventothelivinganimalsareforthehealthoftheliving

animals.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Foodmaycausefortypercentofcancerintheworld.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>TheFDAhastriedtocontroltheprocessoffood.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Eightypercentofallanimalillnessesarerelatedtofood

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

TheHistoryoftheFridge

1.Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosincethe1960s

whenpackagedfoodfirstappearedwithhelabel："storeintherefrigerator.

2.Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.Themilkman

camedaily,thegrocer,thebutcher,thebaker,andtheice-creammandelivered

twoorthreetimesaweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayand

surplusbreadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswastedandwe

werenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearson,fooddeliverieshave

ceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.

3.Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheart

offoodpreservation.Avastvarietyofwell-triedtechniquesalready

existed--naturalcoolingdrying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling...

4.Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing--marketinghardwareand

electricity,marketingsoftdrinkszmarketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaround

theglobeinsearchofagoodprice.

5.Consequently,mostoftheworld1sfridgesaretobefound,notinthe

tropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butinthewealthycountrieswithmild

temperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,

millionsoffridgeshumawaycontinuouslyandatvastexpensezbusily

maintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsideanartificially-heated

house-whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.

6.Thefridge1seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileits

contributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyoudon*tbelieve

meztryityourself.Investinafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenext

winter.Youmaymissthehamburgersbutatleastyou'11getridofthatterrible

hum.

23、Paragraph2

A.TheInventionoftheFridge

B.ThePollutionCausedbyFridges

C.TheWidespreadNeedforFridges

D.TheDayswithouttheFridge

E.ThewasteofEnergyCausedbyFridges

F.TheFridge*sContributiontoCommerce

24、Paragraph4

25>Paragraph5

26>Paragraph6

27、Beforefridgescameintouse,itwasstillpossibleforpeopletohave

freshfoodsbecause.

A.milk,meantzvegetables,etc.weredelivered

B.ithaspromotedthesalesofmanykindsofcommodities

C.anew,economicalwaytopreservefood

D.mostkidslikeicedsoftdrinks

E.somethingeveryhousewifeneeds

F.producedbythefridgewhenitisworking

28、Theinventionofthefridgehasnotprovided.

29、Animportantcontributionmadebytheinventionofthefridgeisthat.

30、Ifyoustopusingthefridge,atleastyouwon11hetroubledbythenoise.

第4部分：閱讀理解

/J—/rrn

SleeplessatNight

Itwasanormalsummernight.Humidity（濕氣）hunginthethickair.

Icouldn*tgotosleep,partlybecauseofmycoldandpartlybecauseof

myexpectationsforthenextday.Mymumhadsaidthattomorrowwasgoing

tobeasurprise.

Sweatstucktomyachingbody.Finally,Igatheredenoughstrengthto.sit

up.工lookedoutofmysmallwindowintothenight.Therewasabigbright

moonhanginginthesky,givingoffamagicglow.

Icouldn11standthepressureanymore,soIdidwhatIalwaysdotomake

myselffeelbetter.Iwenttothebathroomandpickedupmytoothbrushand

toothpaste.Icleanedmyteethasiftherewasnotomorrow.Backandforth,

upanddown.

ThenIwalkeddownstairstolookforsomesignsofmovement,somelife.

Gladiator,mycat,frightenedmeashemeowed（口苗口苗地唱出）hissadsong.He

wasontheoldorangecouch（長(zhǎng)沙發(fā)），sittinguponhisfrontlegs,waiting

forsomethingtohappen.Helookedatmeasiftosay,"I'mlonely,petme.

Ineedagoodhug（緊抱）.HEventhecouchbeggedmetositonit.

InonemovementIsettleddownontothesoftcouch.Thiscouchrepresented

myparents*marriage,mybirth,andhundredsofotherlittleevents.

AsIheldGladiator,myheartstartedbeatingheavily.Mymindwasflooded

withquestions：What*slife?AmIreallyalive?Areyoulisteningtome?Every-

timeImovedmyhanddownGladiator*sbody,Ihadanewthought；eachtouch

sangadifferentsong.

Iforgotallabouttheheatandthenextday'ssurprise.Theatmosphere

wassofullofwarmthandsilencethatIsankintoitsarms.Fallingasleep

withthebigcatinmyarms,Ifeltallmyworriesslowlymoveaway.

31、Theauthorofthepassagecouldnotgotosleeppartlybecause

A.itwastoocold.

B.itwastoodry.

C.hehadacold.

D.hehadafever.

32、Whatwastheweatherlikethatnight?

A.Itwaschilly.

B.Itwaswindy.

C.Itwasfine,

D.Itwascloudy.

33、Theauthorbrushedhisteethoverandover

A.torelievehimselfofthepressure.

B.toeasehistoothache.

C.toshakeoffthecold.

D.toremovethedirt.

34、Gladiatorwasthenameof

A.amovie.

B.apet.

C.acouch.

D.asong.

35、Whatdidthecouchrepresent?

A.Anewthought.

B.Differentsongs.

C.Acomfortablelife.

D.Happymemories.

弟一^扁

HomeHeating

CentralheatingbecamepopularonlyaftertheCivilWar.Typically,

coal-burningfurnaces（火爐）fueledtheearlysystems.Naturalgashaddeveloped

intotheleadingfuelby1960.Itsacceptanceresultedinpartfromitswide

uses.BecauseitcomesprimarilyfromU.S.andCanadianfields,naturalgas

isalsolessvulnerable（脆弱的）thanoilistowar.Oilremainsthemostimportant

fuelinafewareaszsuchasNewEngland.

Electricheatingdominatesmostareaswithmildwintersandcheap

electricity,includingtheSouthandtheNorthwest.Itwasmadepopularat

leastintheSouthbythelowcostofaddingelectricheatingtonewhouses

builtwithair-conditioning.Bottledgas,whichissomewhatmoreexpensive

thanutilitygaszisthefuelofchoiceinruralareasnotservedbyutility

pipelines.Woodistheleadingheatingfuelinjustafewruralcounties.

Homeheating,whichaccountsforlessthan7percentofallenergyconsumed

intheU.S.,hashadacommendable（值得贊揚(yáng)的）efficiencyrecord：from1978

to1997ztheamountoffuelconsumedforthispurposedeclined44percent

despitea33percentincreaseinthenumberofhousingunitsandanincrease

inhousesize.TheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy,however,forecaststhatenergy

usedinhomeheatingwillriseby14percentoverthenexttwodecades.That

riseissmallconsideringanexpected21percentincreaseinthenumberof

housesandthetrendtowardlargerhouses.

Naturalgasandelectricitywillprobablydominatethehomeheatingmarket

forthenexttwodecades.Solar（太陽(yáng)的）heatingneverbecamepopularbecause

ofcostandlimitedwintersunlightinmostareas；in2000only47,000homes

reliedonit.

36、Naturalgasdidn1tbecometheleadingfueluntil

A.1978

B.1960

C.1997

D.2000

37、WhatfuelisthedominantfuelinNewEngland?

A.Gas.

B.Electricity.

C.Wood.

D.Oil.

38、Theword"consumed1'inparagraph3couldbebestreplacedby

A.used.

B.burned.

C.delivered.

D.pumped.

39、Accordingtoparagraph3zenergyconsumedinhomeheatingoverthenext

twodecadeswillincreaseby

A.33percent.

B.31percent.

C.21percent.

D.14percent.

40、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothearticle?

A.NaturalgascomespartlyfromCanadianfields.

B.Bottledgasismoreexpensivethanutilitygas.

C.Equipmentforhomeheatinghasbeenconsiderablyimproved.

D.SolarheatingdominatedAmericain2000.

Knitting

Mymotherknewhowtoknitzbutshenevertaughtme.Sheassumed,asdid

manywomenofhergeneration,thatknittingwasnolongeraskillworthpassing

downfrommothertodaughter.Acombinationoffeminism,consumerismand

householdgadgetrymademanywomenfeelthatsuchhomelyaccomplishmentswere

nowobsolete.Mygrandmotherstillknitted,though,andeveryChristmasshe

madeapairofsocksformymotherandme?ofredwool.Theyweretheones

weworeunderouriceskates,whenitwasreallyimportanttohavewarmfeet.

Knittingisanervoushabitthathappenstobeproductive.Ithelpedme

quitsmokingbygivingmyhandssomethingelsetodo.Itiswonderfulfor

depressionbecausenomatterwhatelsehappens,youarecreatingsomething

beautiful.Timespentinfrontofthetelevisionorjustsitingisnolonger

timewasted.

Ilovebreathinglifeintothepatterns.It*struemagic,findinganeglected,

dog-earedoldbookwiththeperfectsnowflakedesign,buyingthesameGermantown

knittingworstedmygrandmotherused,intheexactbluetomatchmydaughter1s

eyes,takingitonthebrainwithmeeverydayfortwomonths,workingfeverishly

togetitdonebyChristmaszstayinguplateafterthestockingsarefilled

tosewinthesleevesandweaveintheends.

Knittinghastaughtmepatience.IknowthatifIjustkeepgoing,even

ifittakesmonths,thereWillbearewardandtakeoutthestitchesbetween

andstartoveragain.

PeopleoftenaskifIwoulddoitformoney,andtheanswerisalwaysa

definiteno.Inthefirstplace,youcouldnotpaymeenoughforthehours

Iputintoasweater.Butmoreimportantthisisanactivity1keepseparate

fromsuchconsiderations.IknittorecovermychildrenandotherpeopleI

liveinwarmthandcolor.Iknittogivethemearthlythatmoneycouldnever

buy.

Knittinggivesmylifeanalternativerhythmtothedailydeadline.By

dayIcanwriteaboutNorthernIrelandortheNewYorkCityPoliceDepartment

andgetpaidforit,butonthetimetrainhome,surroundedbypeoplewith

laptops,Istagemylittlerebellion.Itakeoutmyoldknittingbagandjoin

thecenturiesofwomenwhohaveknittedforlove.

41、Whichofthefollowingreasonsdoesnotexplainthefactthat"knitting

wasnolongeraskillworthpassingdownfrommothertodaughterH?

A.Thestruggleofwomenforequalfights.

B.Thebeliefthatitisgoodtobuyandusealotofgoods.

C.Theplainfeatureofknitting.

D.Theintroductionofdomesticdevices.

42、Atwhattimedidtheauthorwearthesockshergrandmotherhadknitted

forher?

A.Inwinter.

B.Whenshewentskiing.

C.DuringtheChristmasholidays.

D.Whensheneededtokeepherfeetwarmforskating.

43、"Knittingisanervoushabit'*means.

A.knittinginvolvestheworkofone*nerves

B.knittinggetsonone*snerves

C.knittingmakesonenervous

D.knittingmayactasatriggerforanervousbreakdown

44、Whichofthefollowingisfalseconcerningknittingaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Ithelpsonegiveupone1sbadhabit.

B.Ithelpsonegetfidofone*sbadmood.

C.Itrequirespatience.

D.Itisaprofit-makingbusiness.

45、Whatisnotherpurposeforknittingaccordingtothispassage?

A.Itsavesmoney.

B.Itactivatesone1slife.

C.Itenrichesone*slife.

D.Itisapleasantpastime.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

RisingTuitionintheUS

Everyspring,USuniversityadministratorsgathertodiscussthenext

academicyear1sbudget.Theyconsiderfacultysalaries,utilitycostsfor

dormitories,newbuildingneedsandrepairstooldones.Theyrunthenumbers

andconclude—itseems,inevitably—that,yetagain,thecostoftuitionmust

goup.

AccordingtotheUS1sCollegeBoard,thepriceofattendingafour-year

privateuniversityintheUSrose81percentbetween1993and2004.46In

2005and2006,thenumberscontinuedtorise.

Accordingtouniversityofficials,collegecostincreasesaresimplythe

resultofbalancinguniversitycheckbooks."TuitionincreasesatCedarville

Universityaredeterminedbyourrevenueneedsforeachyear.nsaidthe

university*spresidentzDrBillBrown.''Studenttuitionpaysfor78percent

oftheuniversity1soperatingcosts.'*Brown1sschoolisaprivateuniversity

thatenrollsabout3,100undergradsandisconsistentlyrecognizedbyannual

collegerankingguideslikeUSNewsandWorldReport*sandThePrinceton

Review*s.47

Tuitionatprivateuniversitiesissetbyadministrationofficialsand

thensentforapprovaltotheschool1sboardoftrustees（董事）.48Thisboard

oversees（監(jiān)管）allofastate*spublicinstitutions.

JohnDurham,assistantsecretarytotheboardoftrusteesatEastCarolina

University（ECU）,explainsthatstateLawsaysthatpublicinstitutionsmust

maketheirservicesavailablewheneverpossibletothepeopleofthestate

forfree.DurhamsaidthatNorthCarolinaresidentsonlypay22percentof

thecostoftheireducation.49StateresidentsattendingECUpayabout

US$10,000fortuitionroomandboardbeforefinancialaid.

Amidthenewsaboutcontinuedincreasesincollegecostszhowever,there

issomegoodnews.Tuitionincreaseshavebeenaccompaniedbyroughlyequal

increasesinfinancialaidatalmosteveryuniversity.Toreceivefinancial

aid,USstudentscompleteaformalapplicationwiththefederalgovernment.

Thefederalgovernmentthendecideswhetheranapplicantiseligible（有資

格的）forgrantsorloans.50

A.Theapplicationisthensenttothestudent*suniversity,wheretheschool

itselfwilldecidewhetherfreemoneywillbegiventothestudentandhow

much.

B.Atpublicuniversities,however；tuitionincreasesmustalsobeapproved

byastateeducationcommittee,sometimescalledtheboardofgovernors.

C.TheschoolcurrentlychargesUS$23,410ayearfortuition.

D.ManyAmericanpeoplearesimplyunabletopaythegrowingcostoffood.

E.That*smorethandoubletherateofinflation.

F.Thestategovernmentcoverstherest.

第6部分：完形填空

ACountry'sStandardofLiving

The"standardofliving*1ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson1sshare

ofthegoodsandservicesthecountryproduces.Acountry*sstandardof

living,51,dependsonitscapacitytoproducewealth."Wealth1152thissense

isnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoney53onthingsthatmoneycanbuy：

"goods"suchasfoodandclothing,and"services"suchastransportand

entertainment.

Acountry1scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,most

of54haveaneffectononeanother.Wealthdepends55agreatextentupon

acountry1snaturalresources.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsupplied

withcoalandmineralszandhavefertile（月巴沃的）soilandafavorableclimate；

otherregionspossessnoneofthem.

Nexttonaturalresources56theabilitytoturnthemtouse.Chinais

perhapsaswell-off57theUSAinnaturalresources,butsufferedformany

yearsfromcivilandexternalwars,and.58thisandotherreasonswas59to

developherresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditionszand60from

foreigninvasions,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefully

andsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywell

favouredbynaturebutlesswellordered.

Acountry1sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththat

isproducedandconsumed.61itsownborders,butalsouponwhatisdirectly

1

producedthroughinternationaltrade.62zBritainswealthinfoodstuffs

andotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifshehadtodependonly

on63qrownathome.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplus（過(guò)乘U的）

manufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthat

would.64belacking.Acountry1swealthis,therefore,much65byits

manufacturingcapacity,provided（如果）thatothercountriescanbefoundready

toacceptitsmanufactures.

51>A.howeverB.furthermoreC.similarlyD.therefore

52、A.byB.onC.inD.with

53、A.orB.butC.eitherD.besides

54、A.theseB.tha