考研英語二（閱讀）模擬試卷2（共65題）

考研英語二（閱讀）模擬試卷2（共4套）（共65題）考研英語二（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Nexttosnakesandcrocs,Australiansimaginesharkstobethecountry'smostdangerouscreature.TimWinton,anauthor,callssharks"substitutefortheDevil".SevenswimmersinthreeyearshavediedfromsharkattacksinMrWinton'shomestateofWesternAustralia.Thestate'sgovernment,ledbyColinBarnett,isnowtakingrevenge.InlateNovemberaskilledsurferdiedfromasharkattack.Aweeklaterasharkkilleda19-year-oldinNewSouthWales.Thetragediesfedpublicanxieties.MrBarnettorderedno-gozonesforsharkstobesetupoffshore,markedbylinesofbaitedhooks.Anysharkcaughtonthemmorethanthreemetreslongwastobeshot.ThefirstsharkcaughtinthisstrategywasshotonJanuary26th.MrBarnettsayshehasto"protectthepeopleofWesternAustralia".Butpreviouslyhostilepopularattitudestowardssharksareshifting.PlentyofWesternAustralians,alongwithenvironmentalistsandsharkexperts,deplorethenewpolicy.InearlyJanuary,attheheightofthesummerholidayseason,morethan4,000protestersswampedCottesloeBeachinPerth,withsignsreading"SaveOurSharks"and"ScienceNotSlaughter".OfAustralia's180orsosharkspecies,onlyafewaredangeroustohumans:chiefly,bullsharks,tigersharksandgreatwhites,whichareprotectedunderfederallaw.TheirnumbershavesufferedfromthetradeinsharkfinsforsoupinAsia,whichAustraliaandothershavebanned.Nonetheless,thefederalgovernmenthasgivenitsconservativecounterpartinWesternAustraliaanexemptionfromprotectinggreatwhitesunderits"catch-and-kill"policy.Despitetherecentattacks,deathsfromsharksarerare—anaverageofjustonepersonayearforthepasthalf-centuryaroundAustralia'svastcoastline,saystheAustralianSharkAttackFile,aresearchoutfitatTarongaZooinSydney.Bycontrast,anaverageof120peopledrowneachyearoffbeachesandinharboursandrivers.TherehasbeennofatalsharkattackatBondibeachinSydney,Australia'smostpopularstrand,since1929.1、TimWintoncallssharks"substitutefortheDevil"because______.A、theyareasuglyasDevilB、theyhavekilledmanyvictimsC、theyarethemostdangerouscreatureD、theyaremoredangerousthansnakesandcrocs標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)“substitutefortheDevil”可以定位到第一段。答案就在本句話的前后。前面提到：Nexttosnakesandcrocs，Australiansimaginesharkstobethecountry’smostdangerouscrea—ture．根據(jù)本句話容易誤選[C]。上文提到nexttosnakesandcrocs(僅次于蛇和鱷魚)，故可以判斷[C]和[D]兩項(xiàng)都是錯(cuò)誤的。[A]項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。文章提到：SevenswimmersinthreeyearshavediedfromsharkattacksinMrWinton’shomestateofWesternAustralia．可見TimWin-ton把鯊魚稱作“惡魔的代名詞”是因?yàn)轷忯~奪去了很多人的生命，因此[B]項(xiàng)正確。2、MrBarnett’spolicyincludes______.A、shootinganysharkcaughtonno-gozonesB、settinguprestrictedareasoffshoreforswimmersC、protectinghispeoplefrombeingkilledbysharksD、ensuringsafetyofbothhumanbeingsandanimals標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)MrBarnett定位到第二段。選項(xiàng)[A]對(duì)應(yīng)該段第三行：Anysharkcaughtonthem(指代no—gozones)morethanthreemetreslongwastobeshot．大意為：任何在“鯊魚禁區(qū)”捕獲的體長(zhǎng)超過三米的鯊魚將會(huì)遭到射殺。由此可見[A]項(xiàng)的anyshark是不準(zhǔn)確的，故該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[B]是對(duì)“MrBarnettorderedno-gozonesforsharkstobesetupoffshore”一句的曲解，原文說的禁區(qū)是針對(duì)鯊魚(forsharks)，而不是針對(duì)游泳者，該項(xiàng)的forswimmers與原文forsharks不符，屬于偷換概念，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[C]對(duì)應(yīng)最后一句：MrBarnettsayshehasto“protectthepeopleofWesternAustralia”．該項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)[D]中的ensuringsafetyofhumanbeings這部分是沒錯(cuò)的，但是andanimals錯(cuò)了，因?yàn)锽arnett提倡獵殺鯊魚，而不是保護(hù)。綜上所述，答案為選項(xiàng)[C]。3、ManyAustralians’attitudetowardsthenewpolicyis______.A、doubtfulB、supportiveC、ambiguousD、opponent標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)ManyAustralians，newpolicy等詞定位到第三段。該段第一、二句指出：Butpreviouslyhostilepopularattitudestowardssharksareshifting．PlentyofWesternAustralians，alongwithenvironmentalistsandsharkexperts，deplorethenewpolicy．大意為：但是之前人們普遍敵對(duì)鯊魚的態(tài)度發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。大量澳大利亞西部居民、環(huán)保主義者和鯊魚專家強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這項(xiàng)新政策。其中deplore這個(gè)詞明確體現(xiàn)出許多澳大利亞人的態(tài)度，如果看不懂這個(gè)詞，可以根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。上文提到人們敵對(duì)鯊魚的觀點(diǎn)正在轉(zhuǎn)變，下文提到人們不敵對(duì)鯊魚，反而反對(duì)“殺戮鯊魚的新政策”，由此可見deplore這個(gè)詞和上文的hostile(敵對(duì)的)一詞是接近的，故答案為[D]opponent(反對(duì)的)。4、AccordingtoParagraph4,whichoneistrue?A、GreatwhitesareprotectedinWesternAustralia.B、SharkfinisadelicatecourseinbothAsiaandAustralia.C、Somedangeroussharkspeciesareprotectedbyfederallaw.D、ThenumberofsharksinAustraliaisgrowinginthepastfewyears.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)[A]意為：大白鯊在澳大利亞西部受到保護(hù)。原文第四段第四行指出：None-theless，thefederalgovernmenthasgivenitsconservativecounterpartinWesternAustraliaanex—emptionfromprotectinggreatwhitesunderits“catch—and-kill”policy．其中關(guān)鍵的是anexemptionfromprotectinggreatwhites一句，大意為“免于保護(hù)大白鯊”，也就是說WesternAustralia可以不用保護(hù)大白鯊，與該項(xiàng)表述完全相反，故該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[B]意為：魚翅在亞洲和澳大利亞都是一道美味佳肴。該段第二句明確指出：TheirnumbershavesufferedfromthetradeinsharkfinsforsoupinAsia，whichAustraliaandothershavebanned．其中“Australiaandothershavebanned澳大利亞和其他地區(qū)禁止販賣魚翅"告訴我們，該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[C]意為：一些危險(xiǎn)的鯊魚種類受到聯(lián)邦法律的保護(hù)。該項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)該段首句：OfAustralia’s180orsosharkspecies，onlyafewaredangeroustohumans：chiefly，bullsharks，tigersharksandgreatwhites，whichareprotec—tedunderfederallaw．由此可見，該項(xiàng)表述正確。選項(xiàng)[D]意為：過去幾年澳大利亞鯊魚的數(shù)量有所增長(zhǎng)。該項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)該段第二句：TheirnumbershavesufferedfromthetradeinsharkfinsforsoupinAsia…由此可見鯊魚被販賣，數(shù)量減少，故該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。5、Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat______.A、morepeoplediefromdrowningeveryyearthanfromsharksB、therehasnotbeenanysharkattackatBondibeachsince1929C、attacksfromsharksarerareinthepastfivedecadesinAustraliaD、incidentsofsharkattackoftenhappenatthemostpopularbeach標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)最后一段的“deathsfromsharksarerare一anaverageofjustonepersonayear”和“anaverageof120peopledrowneachyear”我們可以判斷[A]項(xiàng)的表述正確。選項(xiàng)[B]中的“notbeenanysharkattack沒有任何鯊魚襲擊事件”和原文最后一句的“nofatalsharkattack沒有致命的鯊魚襲擊事件”不一致，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[C]“attacksfromsharksarerare鯊魚襲擊事件是很少見的”與原文第一句“deathsfromsharksarerare因鯊魚襲擊而死亡的事件是很少見的”看似接近，但該項(xiàng)把death換成了attack，屬于偷換概念，因此也是錯(cuò)誤的。選項(xiàng)[D]原文沒有提到，屬于無中生有。Whenasearchengineguesseswhatyouwantbeforeyoufinishtypingit,orhelpfullyignoresyourbadspelling,thatistheresultofmachinelearning,abranchofartificialintelligence.AlthoughAIhasbeenthroughcyclesofhypeanddisappointmentbefore,bigtechnologycompanieshaverecentlybeenscramblingtohireexpertsinthefield,inthehopeofbuildingmachinesthatcanlearnevenmoresophisticatedtasks.IBMsaidthismonthitwouldinvest$1billioninanewdivisiontodevelopusesforWatson,itscomputerthatunderstandshumanlanguage.ButthisweekGoogleenhanceditsleadinthisfieldbypayingaround$660mforDeepMindTechnologies,astartupinLondonthathasyettoannounceaproduct.ThebossofDeepMind,DemisHassabis,previouslycreatedvideogamessuchas"EvilGenius"and"ThemePark".DeepMind's75geniuseswilljointheworld'sleadinggroupofmachine-learningexperts,whichGooglehasbeenassemblinginthepastfewyears.Google'smainsourceofincome,itssearchengineandtheaccompanyingad-placementsystem,isdrivenbymachinelearning.Thefirm'sself-drivingcarsrelyonit,asdotheintelligentthermostatsmadebyNest,afirmithasjusttakenover,andtherobotsmadebyBostonDynamicsandotherroboticsoutfitsithasbeenbuying.Thetechnologyisalreadythebackboneofmanyotherinternetfirms.ItiswhyFacebookandLinkedlnhavethatslightlycreepyabilitytofindpeopleyouknow,andwhyAmazonandNetflixaregoodatsuggestingbooksandfilmsyoumightlike.Italsohelpsintelligenceagenciestoidentifyterroristnetworks.Asmachinelearningleavesthelabandgoesintopractice,itwillthreatenwhite-collar,knowledge-workerjobsjustasmachines,automationandassemblylinesdestroyedfactoryjobsinthe19thand20thcenturies.Forexample,thetechniquehasbeenappliedbyresearchersatStanfordUniversitytotellwhetherabiopsyofbreastcellsishighlycancerous,somethingthatuntilnowhasrequiredahumanexperttoassess.AnotherofDeepMind'sfounders,ShaneLegg,haspredictedthatartificialintelligencerunningwildlywillbethebiggestexistentialrisktohumansinthiscentury.ItsfoundershaveaskedGoogletosetupan"ethicsboard"toconsidertheappropriateuseofmachinelearninginitsproducts.Thecreatorof"EvilGenius"isensuringthathisnewoverlordstickstoitsmotto,"Don'tbeevil".6、Theunderlinedword"hype"(Para1,Line3)maybeclosestto______.A、confusionB、surpriseC、excitementD、despair標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章背景的cyclesofhypeanddisappointment(——和失望的循環(huán))中出現(xiàn)了“cycle循環(huán)”一詞，因此可以判斷hype應(yīng)該與disappointment的意思相反。故四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中我們應(yīng)該選擇與“disappointment失望”意思相反的詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別是：困惑、驚奇、激動(dòng)和絕望。顯然“失望”是否定詞，四項(xiàng)中唯一一個(gè)表示肯定的詞是excitement，故答案為[C]。7、DeepMindTechnologiesis______.A、agiantlikeGoogleandIBMB、anewcompanythatdevelopsvideogamesC、aleadingtechnologicalcompanyinAmericaD、anewlystartedfirmthatcooperateswithGoogle標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的DeepMindTechnologies定位到第二段。該段第三行指出：DeepMindTechnologies，astartupinLondon…其中，“astartup一家新興企業(yè)”與選項(xiàng)[A]“agiant一家大型企業(yè)”和[C]“aleadingtechnologicalcompany一家?guī)ь^的技術(shù)公司”完全不符，故可以排除[A]和[C]兩項(xiàng)。而[B]項(xiàng)中的developvideogames與原文倒數(shù)第二行“previouslycreatedvideogames”中的previously一詞不符。再根據(jù)文章第二句“ButthisweekGoogleenhanceditsleadinthisfieldbypayingaround$660mforDeepMindTechnologies…”一句我們可以得知，Google付給DeepMindTechnologies這些費(fèi)用，說明二者是合作關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)[D]anewlystartedfirmthatcooperateswithGoogle是對(duì)DeepMindTechnologies的最佳描述，故答案為選項(xiàng)[D]。8、GooglehasdonethefollowingEXCEPT______.A、gatheringtalentsonmachine-learningB、earningmoneyfromitssearchengineC、purchasinglargenumberofautomaticdevicesD、takingoverfirmslikeNestandBostonDynamics標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)Google和選項(xiàng)[D]中的NestandBostonDynamics這些大寫詞共同定位到第三段。選項(xiàng)[A]對(duì)應(yīng)該段首句：DeepMind’s75geniuseswilljointheworld’sleadinggroupofma—chihe—learningexperts，whichGooglehasbeenassemblinginthepastfewyears．由此可見選項(xiàng)[A]表述正確，其中g(shù)athering對(duì)應(yīng)assembling；talentsonmachine—learning對(duì)應(yīng)machine—learningex—perts。即該項(xiàng)不是該題的答案。選項(xiàng)[B]對(duì)應(yīng)第二句：Google’smainsourceofincome，itssearchengineandtheaccompanyingad—placementsystem…其中該項(xiàng)的earningmoneyfrom對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的sourceofincome。故該項(xiàng)表述正確，非答案。選項(xiàng)[C]中的purchasing讓我們定位到最后一句的buying，該句的“otherroboticsoutfitsithasbeenbuying它(Google)一直以來購(gòu)進(jìn)的其他自動(dòng)化裝備”對(duì)應(yīng)[C]項(xiàng)“purchasinglargenumberofautomaticdevices”，其中buying對(duì)應(yīng)purchasing；hasbeenbuying(一直購(gòu)買)對(duì)應(yīng)purchasinglargenumberof(大量購(gòu)買)；roboticsout—fits(機(jī)器人設(shè)備，自動(dòng)化設(shè)備)對(duì)應(yīng)automaticdevices(自動(dòng)化設(shè)備)，故該項(xiàng)表述也正確，非答案。選項(xiàng)[D]對(duì)應(yīng)最后一句：…madebyNest，afirmithasjusttakenover，andtherobotsmadebyBostonDynamics…該句指出，Nest被Google接管，但是BostonDynamics則沒有提到，故該項(xiàng)的takingoverfirmslikeNestandBostonDynamics是錯(cuò)誤的，故答案為[D]。9、TechnologycontributestoallEXCEPT______.A、stealingintoone’spersonaldataB、discoveringpeople’sacquaintanceC、recommendinggoodbooksandmoviesD、confirminghackerattackforspyagencies標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)出題順序以及technology一詞定位到第四段。該段討論technology的一些作用，“ItiswhyFacebookandLinkedInhavethatslightlycreepyabilitytofindpeopleyouknow”一句對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)[B]discoveringpeople’sacquaintance。其中findpeopleyouknow=discoveringpeople’sacquaintance?！啊璦ndwhyAmazonandNetflixaregoodatsuggestingbooksandfilmsyoumightlike．”一句對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)[C]recommendinggoodbooksandmovies。其中，suggestingbooksandfilms對(duì)應(yīng)recommendinggoodbooksandmovies?！癐talsohelpsintelligenceagenciestoidentifyterroristnetworks”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)[D]confirminghackerattackforspyagencies。其中identify(確認(rèn))對(duì)應(yīng)con—firm(證實(shí))；terroristnetworks(網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖)對(duì)應(yīng)hackerattack(黑客攻擊)；intelligenceagencies(情報(bào)部門)對(duì)應(yīng)spyagencies(間諜機(jī)構(gòu))。故[B]、[C]、[D]三項(xiàng)原文均有涉及，唯一沒有提到的是選項(xiàng)[A]，故該項(xiàng)為答案。10、Machinelearningmaybeathreattoworkersbecause______.A、itwilldestroyallhumanjobsB、itmayleadtounemploymentC、itcandobetterthanworkersandhumanexpertsD、itcantellwhetherabiopsyofcellsiscancerous標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的machinelearning，threat，workers等詞定位到第五段第一句：Asma—chinelearningleavesthelabandgoesintopractice，itwillthreatenwhite-collar，knowledge—workerjobsjustasmachines，automationandassemblylinesdestroyedfactoryjobsinthe19thand20thcenturies．由此可見，“machinelearning機(jī)械學(xué)習(xí)”威脅工人是因?yàn)樗軌颉癲estroyedfactoryjobs破壞工廠工作，使工人失業(yè)”，因此選項(xiàng)[B]為答案。選項(xiàng)[A]allhumanjobs過于絕對(duì)。Iftheworld'seducationsystemshaveacommonfocus,itistoturnoutschool-leaverswhoareproficientinmaths.GovernmentsareimpressedbyevidencefromtheWorldBankandothersthatbettermathsresultsraisesGDPandincomes.That,togetherwiththesoul-searchingprovokedbythecross-countryPISAcomparisonsof15-year-olds'mathematicalattainmentproducedbytheOECD,aclubofmostlyrichcountries,ispromptingeducatorsinmanyplacestolookafreshatwhatmathstoteach,andhowtoteachit.Thosecountriesfretabouthowtocatchupwithoutturningstudentsoffthesubjectwithboringdrill.Topperformers,mostofthemAsian,fearthattheirfocusontechnicalproficiencydoesnottranslateintoanenthusiasmformathsafterleavingschool.Andeveryoneworriesabouthowtopreparepupilsforajobsmarketthatwillrewardcreativethinkingevermorehighly.Mathseducationhasbeenabattlefieldbefore:theAmerican"mathswars"ofthe1980spittedtraditionalists,whoemphasizedfluencyinpen-and-papercalculations,againstreformersledbythecountry'sbiggestteachinglobby,whoputreal-worldproblem-solving,oftenwiththehelpofcalculators,atthecentreofthecurriculum.Abacklashfollowedasparentsandacademicsworriedthatthe"newmaths"leftpupilsill-preparedforuniversitycoursesinmathsandthesciences.Butasmanycountrieshavesincefound,trainingpupilstopassexamsisnotthesameasequippingthemtousetheirhard-wonknowledgeinworkandlife.Today'sreformersthinknewtechnologyrendersthisoldargumentredundant.TheyincludeConradWolfram,whoworkedonMathematica,aprogramwhichallowsuserstosolveequations,visualizemathematicalfunctionsandmuchmore.Hearguesthatcomputersmakeroteprocedures,suchaslongdivision,obsolete."Ifitishigh-levelproblem-solvingandcriticalthinkingwe'reafter,there'snotmuchinevidenceinalotofcurriculums,"hesays.11、Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat______.A、aman’ssalarymaybehigherifheisgoodatmathsB、mathsisthemostimportantsubjectinmanycountriesC、highscoresatschoolequaltogreatachievementatworkD、teachersinrichcountriesknowexactlyhowtoteachmaths標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)[A]對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第二句：GovernmentsareimpressedbyevidencefromtheWorldBankandothersthatbettermathsresultsraisesGDPandincomes．其中，bettermathsresultsraisesGDPandincomes與該項(xiàng)的表述相符，故該項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)[B]和[C]文章沒有提到，屬于無中生有，錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[D]對(duì)應(yīng)該段最后一句：…OECD，aclubofmostlyrichcountries，ispromptingeducatorsinmanyplacestolookafreshatwhatmathstoteach，andhowtoteachit．其中l(wèi)ookafreshatwhatmathstoteach，andhowtoteachit(重新審視數(shù)學(xué)教什么、怎么教)說明富裕國(guó)家的教師也在苦惱如何教數(shù)學(xué)，這與該項(xiàng)knowexactlyhowtoteachmaths不符。故排除該項(xiàng)，本題答案為[A]。12、AccordingtoParagraph2,whichoneistrue?A、Richcountriesoftendobetterinmaths.B、Asianstudentsaretiredofboringexercises.C、Creativethinkingiscrucialforastudent’sfuturejob.D、Topperformers’crazeformathsdoesn’twaneafterleavingschool.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)[A]與第二段第二句“Topperformers，mostofthemAsian…”的信息不符，文章說“亞洲學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)更好”，而不是該項(xiàng)的“富裕國(guó)家”，故該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[B]的信息在原文沒有體現(xiàn)，故錯(cuò)誤。該段第一句提到：Thosecountriesfretabouthowtocatchupwithoutturningstudentsoffthesubjectwithboringdrill．(那些國(guó)家(富裕國(guó)家)擔(dān)心如何趕上其他國(guó)家，同時(shí)又不讓單調(diào)的練習(xí)題使學(xué)生對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)科感到厭煩。)可見該項(xiàng)中的“tiredof厭煩”是根據(jù)該句“turnsb．off使某人厭煩”這一信息設(shè)置的干擾項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)[C]對(duì)應(yīng)最后一句：Andeveryonewor—riesabouthowtopreparepupilsforajobsmarketthatwillrewardcreativethinkingevermorehighly．其中，jobsmarket，rewardcreativethinking等信息表明該項(xiàng)表述是正確的。選項(xiàng)[D]中的“…crazeformathsdoesn’twaneafterleavingschool對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的狂熱在離開學(xué)校之后也沒有減退”與原文“…doesnottranslateintoanenthusiasmformathsafterleavingschool．在離開學(xué)校之后，并沒有轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的熱情”不符，其中，“doesn’twane沒有消退”與“doesnottranslateinto沒有轉(zhuǎn)化為”信息不匹配，故該項(xiàng)表述不符合原文。綜上所述，答案為選項(xiàng)[C]。13、Manycountrieshavefoundthat______.A、teachingstudentstopassexamsismucheasierB、thereisgreatdifferencesbetweentestandpracticaluseC、knowledgelearnedatschoolisrarelyusedinworkandlifeD、mostpupilsareill-preparedforuniversitycoursesinmaths標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的Manycountrieshavefoundthat定位到第三段最后一句：Butasmanycountrieshavesincefound，trainingpupilstopassexamsisnotthesameasequippingthemtousetheirhard—wonknowledgeinworkandlife．與之最接近的是選項(xiàng)[B]thereisgreatdifferencesbetweentestandpracticaluse。其中，difference對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的notthesameas；test對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的exams；practicaluse對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的useknowledgeinworkandlife。故該項(xiàng)為答案。14、Reformersthinknewtechnologyis______.A、redundantB、ambivalentC、excessiveD、contributive標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)reformers，newtechnology定位到第四段首句：Today’sreformersthinknewtech—nologyrendersthisoldargumentredundant．其中“rendersthisoldargumentredundant使得這個(gè)老生常談的討論變得多余"，其中，“argument討論，爭(zhēng)論”是相對(duì)不好的一個(gè)詞，“redundant累贅的，多余的”也是一個(gè)否定詞，因此該項(xiàng)表述是負(fù)負(fù)得正，是積極肯定的一個(gè)表達(dá)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別為：[A]多余的；[B]矛盾的；[C]過度的；[D]有幫助的。顯然四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能夠表示積極肯定的是[D]，故為答案。15、Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe______.A、MathsTeaching:TimetoReformB、Technology:CrucialinTeachingC、MathsTeaching:AHeadacheinEducationD、CriticalThinking;ImportantinEducation標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章前三段圍繞的主題都是有關(guān)mathseducation(數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué))的，而technology，crit-icalthinking都是文章中提到的一些關(guān)鍵詞，并不是全文一直在討論的中心，故文章最關(guān)鍵的詞應(yīng)該不是這兩個(gè)詞，而是mathseducation，故最佳答案應(yīng)該在[A]和[C]之中。文章第三、四段提到的newmaths，reformers等信息都告訴我們文章討論的另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞是“改革，革新”，因此答案為選項(xiàng)[A]。Walmartisatan"inflectionpoint".ThosewordsaretruernowthanwhenBillSimon,theheadofitsAmericanoperation,utteredthemlastOctober.HewastalkingaboutWalmart'splanforthefirsttimetoopenmoresmallandmedium-sizedstoresin2014thangiant"supercentres",andallthatwouldmean.Nowanotherbigchangelooms.OnFebruary1stthecompanygetsanewchiefexecutive,DougMcMillon,untilnowtheheadofitsinternationalbusiness.InsomerespectsMrMcMillonlookslikeanaturalchoicetomanageahugebeastthatinspiresloathingandloyaltyinequalmeasure.AnativeofArkansas,Walmart'shomestate,hestartedoutinoneofthecompany'swarehouses,roseasaspecialistinmerchandising(decidinghowgoodsaredisplayedandsoldinstores)andwasheadoftheSam'sClubunit,storeswheremembersbuyinbulk.Genialandapproachable,MrMcMillonmaycurethecorporateproblemthatafflictsWalmartwhenittalkstoits2.2memployees,toitsgiantcustomerbase(90%ofAmericansshopthereatleastonceayear)andtocriticswhosayitpaysmiserlywagesandsuckslifeoutoftowncentres.OnJanuary15ththeNationalLabourRelationsBoardaccusedWalmartofsackinganddiscipliningworkerswhowentonstrikein2012.Walmartsaysitactedlawfullyandclaimstopromote160,000peopleayear;MrMcMillon'sbox-shiftingcallusesmakesuchclaimsabitmoreconvincing.Yettheinternationalbusiness,whichhehasledsince2009,isnotthriving.Thisyearitisexpectedtoaccountfor28%ofsalesbutithasjustachieved19%ofoperatingincome.WalmarthasreducedcostsinChinaandBrazilafterexpandingtoofast.ConfusingpoliciesonforeigninvestmentinretailinghavehamperedWalmart'spushintoIndia.Walmartisco-operatingwithinvestigationsintoallegationsthatexecutivesinMexicobribedofficials;theinquirieshavebeenbroadenedtothecompany'soperationsinIndia,BrazilandChina.MrMcMillonisnottoblameforthesesetbacks,manyofwhichdatefrombeforehetookover,butneitherhashebroughtaboutaturnaround.16、Theunderlinedphrase"inflectionpoint"(Para1,Line1)isclosestto______.A、flashpointB、turningpointC、startingpointD、finishingpoint標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)Walmartisatan“inflectionpoint”我們很難猜測(cè)inflectionpoint一詞的意思，而下文的“Thosewords…andallthatwouldmean”都是細(xì)節(jié)信息，也沒有什么詞可以定義inflectionpoint，但是再往下我們會(huì)看到這么一句：Nowanotherbigchangelooms．其中出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵名詞change，而且強(qiáng)調(diào)“anotherchange另一個(gè)改變”，可見上文提到的inflectionpoint對(duì)應(yīng)change(改變，轉(zhuǎn)變)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別是：[A]燃點(diǎn)，[B]轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，[C]起點(diǎn)，[D]終點(diǎn)。其中與“change改變，轉(zhuǎn)變”接近的是“turningpoint轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”，故得出turningpoint=change=inflectionpoint，[B]項(xiàng)為答案。17、AccordingtoParagraph2,whichoneofthefollowingistrue?A、MrMcMillonlookslikeahugebeast.B、SomeofWalmart’sstoresareabouttoclose.C、AtSam’sClub,membersbuyinlargequantities.D、InWalmart,executivesarealsoexpertsinmerchandising.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)[A]對(duì)應(yīng)第二段首句，該句提到的hugebeast指的是Walmart，而不是MrMc—Millon，選項(xiàng)[A]純屬曲解原文。選項(xiàng)[B]該段未提到，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[C]對(duì)應(yīng)該段最后一句：…theSam’sClubunit，storeswheremembersbuyinbulk．其中inbulk(大量)對(duì)應(yīng)inlargequantities，故該項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)[D]對(duì)應(yīng)第二行：hestartedoutinoneofthecompany’swarehouses，roseasaspecialistinmerchandising…文章提到McMillon既是管理者，也是商品規(guī)劃專家，但并沒有說“在沃爾瑪，所有管理者都是商品規(guī)劃專家”，故該項(xiàng)是過度引申，因而錯(cuò)誤。18、Walmartwaschargedfor______.A、payingmiserlywagesB、goingonstrikeillegallyC、restrictingworkerswithdisciplinesD、dismissingandpunishingemployees標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的Walmart，charged定位到第三段。該段中間有這么一句：OnJanuary15ththeNationalLabourRelationsBoardaccusedWalmartofsackinganddiscipliningworkerswhowentonstrikein2012．其中charge對(duì)應(yīng)accuse，本題答案來自“accusedWalmartof”后面的內(nèi)容，即sackinganddiscipliningworkers，其中sack表示“解雇”，discipline在此處不是“紀(jì)律”的意思，而是“處罰”的意思，故可知[D]項(xiàng)為答案，其中dismissingandpunishing是sackinganddisciplining的同義表達(dá)。19、WhichoneisNOTtrueaboutWalmart’sinternationalbusiness?A、Mr.McMillonhastakenitoversince2009.B、Itaccountsfor19%ofWalmart’snetincome.C、Itssaleshaven’treachedoriginalexpectationthisyear.D、Walmarthastotightenitsbeltinfast-expandedcountries.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)Walmart’sinternationalbusiness定位到最后一段。選項(xiàng)[A]對(duì)應(yīng)第一句的“…whichhehasledsince2009”，其中“l(fā)ead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”對(duì)應(yīng)該項(xiàng)的“takeover接管”。故[A]選項(xiàng)表述是正確的。選項(xiàng)[B]對(duì)應(yīng)第二句：Thisyearitisexpectedtoaccountfor28％ofsalesbutithasjustachieved19％ofoperatingincome．其中原文的operatingincome(營(yíng)業(yè)收入)被改成了netincome(凈收入)，故該項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，屬于偷換概念。選項(xiàng)[C]對(duì)應(yīng)的也是上面的句子，該句意為：今年國(guó)際市場(chǎng)預(yù)計(jì)占銷售額的28％，實(shí)則只達(dá)到營(yíng)業(yè)收入的19％?？梢娫擁?xiàng)“今年銷售額沒有達(dá)到預(yù)定目標(biāo)”的表述是正確的。選項(xiàng)[D]對(duì)應(yīng)該段第三句：WalmarthasreducedcostsinChinaandBrazilafterexpandingtoofast．其中tightenitsbelt(勒緊褲腰帶，節(jié)省開支)對(duì)應(yīng)re-ducedcosts：infast-expandedcountries對(duì)應(yīng)inChinaandBrazilafterexpandingtoofast。綜上所述，本題答案為選項(xiàng)[B]。20、Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat______.A、unclearoverseaspolicieshavehinderedWalmart’sspreadB、situationsofoverseasmarketshaveturnedaroundforWalmartC、Walmart’sforeignmarketsfocusonChina,BrazilandIndiaonlyD、Mr.McMillonistoblameforproblemsofWalmart’sforeignbusiness標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)[A]對(duì)應(yīng)的是最后一段第四句：Confusingpoliciesonforeigninvestmentinretai—linghavehamperedWalmart’spushintoIndia．unclearoverseaspolicies對(duì)應(yīng)confusingpoliciesonforeigninvestment；hinderedWalmart’sspread對(duì)應(yīng)hamperedWalmart’spush。故[A]項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)[B]situationsofoverseasmarketshaveturnedaroundforWalmart(沃爾瑪海外市場(chǎng)情況有所好轉(zhuǎn))與該段最后一句butneitherhashebroughtaboutaturnaround(但他也沒帶來任何扭轉(zhuǎn))表述不符，故錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)[C]中的only一詞是明顯錯(cuò)誤，文章并沒有說沃爾瑪?shù)暮Ｍ馐袌?chǎng)僅集中在這幾個(gè)國(guó)家。選項(xiàng)[D]中的“McMillonistoblameforproblems…”與原文“MrMcMillonisnottoblameforthesesetbacks”完全相反，故該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤?？佳杏⒄Z二（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)In1930,whentheworldwas"sufferingfromabadattackofeconomicpessimism",JohnMay-nardKeyneswroteabroadlyoptimisticessay,"EconomicPossibilitiesforourGrand-children".Itimaginedamiddlewaybetweenrevolutionandstagnationthatwouldleavethegrandchildrenagreatdealricherthantheirgrandparents.Butthepathwasnotwithoutdangers.OneoftheworriesKeynesadmittedwasa"newdisease":"technologicalunemploymentduetoourdiscoveryofmeansofeconomisingtheuseoflabouroutrunningthepaceatwhichwecanfindnewusesforlabour."Hisreadersmightnothaveheardoftheproblem,hesuggested—buttheywerecertaintohearalotmoreaboutitintheyearstocome.Forthemostpart,theydidnot.Nowadays,themajorityofeconomistsconfidentlywavesuchworriesaway.Byraisingproductivity,theyargue,anyautomationwhicheconomisesontheuseoflabourwillincreaseincomes.Thatwillgeneratedemandfornewproductsandservices,whichwillinturncreatenewjobsfordisplacedworkers.TothinkotherwisehasmeantbeingtarredaLuddite—thenametakenby19th-centurytextileworkerswhosmashedthemachinestakingtheirjobs.Formuchofthe20thcentury,thosearguingthattechnologybroughtevermorejobsandprosperitylookedtohavethebetterofthedebate.RealincomesinBritainscarcelydoubledbetweenthebeginningofthecommoneraand1570.Theythentripledfrom1570to1875.Andtheymorethantripledfrom1875to1975.Industrialisationdidnotendupeliminatingtheneedforhumanworkers.Onthecontrary,itcreatedemploymentopportunitiessufficienttoabsorbthe20thcentury'sexplodingpopulation.Keynes'visionofeveryoneinthe2030sbeingalotricherislargelyachieved.Hisbelieftheywouldworkjust15hoursorsoaweekhasnotcometopass.1、AccordingtoMaynardKeynes,whichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A、Economicstagnationwilllastforalongperiod.B、Economicdepressionmayseemnotsopessimistic.C、Economicpossibilitiesmaybebrightforourgrandchildren.D、Ourgrandchildrenmaybemuchmoreaffluentthantheirforefathers.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)大寫詞MaynardKeynes定位到第一段。選項(xiàng)[A]的內(nèi)容文章并沒有提到，屬于無中生有。選項(xiàng)[B]則對(duì)應(yīng)第一句：In1930，whentheworldwas“sufferingfromabadattackofeconomicpessimism”，JohnMaynardKeyneswroteabroadlyoptimisticessay…該項(xiàng)的notsopessimistic對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的broadlyoptimistic，屬于正話反說，故選項(xiàng)[B]正確。選項(xiàng)[C]和[D]對(duì)應(yīng)倒數(shù)第二句：Itimaginedamiddlewaybetweenrevolutionandstagnationthatwouldleavethegrandchildrenagreatdealricherthantheirgrandparents．[C]和[D]兩項(xiàng)的“bright前景光明”和“affluent富裕的”與其中的“agreatdealricher更加富?！毙畔⑾嗥ヅ?，故這兩項(xiàng)表述都正確。綜上所述，該題答案為選項(xiàng)[A]。2、Thephenomenonoftechnologicalunemploymentappearsbecause______.A、machinewillfinallyreplaceallhumanlabourB、machinecancompletesomeworkthathumancan’tC、withtheadventofmachine,manyworkersbecomelazierD、thepaceofmakingnewmachineisfasterthanfindingnewuseoflabour標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的technologicalunemployment定位到第二段首句。而dueto之后的內(nèi)容即該題because之后的答案。該句提到：ourdiscoveryofmeansofeconomisingtheuseoflabouroutrunningthepaceatwhichwecanfindnewusesforlabour．大意為：我們發(fā)現(xiàn)節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力使用的方法比我們找到勞動(dòng)力新用途的步伐還快。而這個(gè)句子相當(dāng)于選項(xiàng)[D]thepaceofmakingnewmachineisfasterthanfindingnewuseoflabour(發(fā)明新機(jī)器比起尋找勞動(dòng)力的新用途速度還快)。故該題答案為選項(xiàng)[D]。3、Mosteconomistsarguethatautomationwillincreaseincomesif______.A、newjobsarecreatedB、productiveforceisboostedC、machinereplaceshumanlabourD、demandfornewproductsisgenerated標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的mosteconomists定位到第三段第一行:．．．themajorityofeconomists…下文的theyargue即等同于題干中的mosteconomistsargue，故答案來自這個(gè)句子：Byraisingproductivity，theyargue，anyautomationwhicheconomisesontheuseoflabourwillincreasein—comes．(他們認(rèn)為，通過提高生產(chǎn)力，任何節(jié)省人力成本的自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)都可以增加收益。)可見答案是與“raisingproductivity提高生產(chǎn)力”相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，所以選項(xiàng)[B]為答案，其中productiveforce對(duì)應(yīng)productivity：boost對(duì)應(yīng)raise。4、Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat______.A、industrializationwillincreasetheunemploymentrateB、technologywillbringlessworkopportun