專題04 高頻語(yǔ)法之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與語(yǔ)法填空 （原卷版）

專題04高頻語(yǔ)法之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與語(yǔ)法填空（原卷版） 一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 1.思維導(dǎo)圖 2.高考真題再現(xiàn)一、2022年高考真題1.（2022新高考I卷）__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.2.（2022新高考I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.3.（2022全國(guó)甲卷）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.4（2022全國(guó)甲卷）InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation___________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.5（2022全國(guó)甲卷）Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,__________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.6（2022全國(guó)乙卷）__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,__________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.7.（2022年新高考2卷）HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái)),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.8.（2022年新高考2卷）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.二、2021年高考真題1.（2021.6新高考1卷語(yǔ)法填空）Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

andoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour

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(ache)legs.2.（2021.6全國(guó)甲卷語(yǔ)法填空）Itispossible

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(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.3.（2021.6全國(guó)甲卷語(yǔ)法填空）After

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(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

betterthantorideonapieceofhistory!4.（2021.6全國(guó)乙卷語(yǔ)法填空）Minimizetheimpactof

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(visit)theplace.5.（2021.6全國(guó)乙卷語(yǔ)法填空）Activitithererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠(yuǎn)足）andaccommodationsaim

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(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.6.（2021.6浙江卷語(yǔ)法填空）Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover

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(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.7.（2021.1浙江卷語(yǔ)法填空）In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries

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(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.8.（2021.1浙江卷語(yǔ)法填空）Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

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(live)inthecountryside,includinglowerlevelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.三、2020年高考真題1.（2020·新課標(biāo)I卷語(yǔ)法填空）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466．(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.2.（2020·新課標(biāo)II卷語(yǔ)法填空）Theyrepresenttheearth63．(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.3.（2020·新課標(biāo)II卷語(yǔ)法填空）Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes65．(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.4.（2020·新課標(biāo)II卷語(yǔ)法填空）Theyareeasy68．(care)forandmakegreatpresents.5.（2020·新課標(biāo)III卷語(yǔ)法填空）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67．(find)thewell-knownpainter.6.（2020·新課標(biāo)III卷語(yǔ)法填空）Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69．(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.7.(2020·山東新高考語(yǔ)法填空)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimaginethemselves(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor43．(walk)througharainforest.8.(2020·浙江卷語(yǔ)法填空)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology60．(change)lives.9.(2020·浙江卷語(yǔ)法填空)Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，63．(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.四、2019年高考真題1.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Modemmethods___of__trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive___64___(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.2.【2019·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Scientistshaverespondedby___67___(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,…3.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for___61___(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.4.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award，proudIrene___declared__(declare)shehadnoplans___65___(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.5.【2019·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Whenwegotacall___68___(say)shewasshort-listed，wethoughtitwas___a__joke.6.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___so__hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake___62___(get)there.【答案】toget【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：我們?nèi)滩蛔∠胫肋€要多久才能到那里。該句中考查了固定用法：Ittakestimetodosth.：花時(shí)間做某事，該句式中it作形式主語(yǔ)，time做賓語(yǔ)，使用不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。而句中只是在對(duì)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)間，用howlong對(duì)其進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，不影響不定式的使用，故答案為toget。7.【2019·新課標(biāo)III卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，we_wereinvited__(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，___70___(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.8.【2019·浙江卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Whenthechildrenarewalkingor___59___(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,…9.【2019·浙江卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Butsomestudentsdidn'twant___63___(wear)theuniform.10.【2019·北京卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Nervously___2___(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto_myself_(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.11.【2019·北京卷·語(yǔ)法填空】EarthDay，___4___(mark)on22April，isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.五、2018年高考真題1.【2018·新課標(biāo)I卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.2.【2018·新課標(biāo)II卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice___64___(improve)waterquality.3.【2018·新課標(biāo)III卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid____64____(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel____65____(challenge).4.【2018·浙江卷·語(yǔ)法填空】Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshocked(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.【答案】visiting 3.考試技巧語(yǔ)法填空解題策略1.巧記三種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的基本區(qū)別(1)若非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且正在進(jìn)行,要想到用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(doing);(2)若非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且表完成,要想到用過(guò)去分詞形式(done);(3)若非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,作狀語(yǔ)表示目的,在喜怒哀樂(lè)的形容詞后作原因或意料之外的結(jié)果等,要想到用不定式形式(todo)。2.掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句型公式It’s+形容詞+(for/ofsb.+)todosth.;It’snogood/use/pleasuredoingsth.;find/think/believe/consider+it+adj.+todosth.。3.牢記用動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞4.巧辨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(1)一個(gè)句子無(wú)論是主句還是從句,必須要有謂語(yǔ),一般空格所在的句子中無(wú)其他動(dòng)詞,則填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主謂一致等;(2)若句中找到了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而又找不到連詞(并列連詞或從句連詞)時(shí),則所給動(dòng)詞一定用作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要確定是-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞形式還是不定式。 4.知識(shí)點(diǎn)拓展1：考點(diǎn)梳理非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)的用法；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)的用法；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)的用法；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法；非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法?？键c(diǎn)1基本用法種類形式意義特征功能不定式todo主動(dòng)、將來(lái)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)tobedone被動(dòng)、將來(lái)tobedoing主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行tohavedone主動(dòng)、完成tohavebeendone被動(dòng)、完成過(guò)去分詞done被動(dòng)、完成作表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ingdoing主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)(不作目的狀語(yǔ))和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)beingdone被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行havingdone主動(dòng)、完成havingbeendone被動(dòng)、完成考點(diǎn)2非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞-ing和不定式都可作主語(yǔ)，但動(dòng)詞-ing多表示一般情況，而不定式常指具體情況。TeachingEnglishismyjob.Towriteanemailtothemanagerismyworktoday.2.動(dòng)詞-ing和不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子前后應(yīng)保持結(jié)構(gòu)的一致性。Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.3.“therebe＋no＋主語(yǔ)”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中通常用動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)，而不用不定式。這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示“不可能，無(wú)法”，相當(dāng)于“itisimpossibletodosth.”。Thereisnoreasoningwithhim.注意：本句型中的no有時(shí)可用notany或neverany代替。如Thereisneveranytellingwhatwillhappeninthefuture.4.不定式作主語(yǔ)一般可以用形式主語(yǔ)it代替。Tokeephealthyisimportant.＝Itisimportanttokeephealthy.注意：Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.中adj.常為表示不定式行為性質(zhì)的詞(important,impossible,right等)，如：Itisimpossibleforamantoflybyhimself.而Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.中adj.為表示人的品質(zhì)的詞(kind,foolish,clever,wrong,wise,nice等)，如ItiskindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.5.動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)用形式主語(yǔ)it代替時(shí)，常在特定結(jié)構(gòu)Itisworthwhile/nogood/nouse/awasteof...中使用。Itisawasteoftimeregrettingforthepast.6.單個(gè)不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；并列不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)若指整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。Tolearnaforeignlanguagewellisnoteasy.Takingexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabit.7.“疑問(wèn)詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。Wheretofindthelostkeysisstillaproblem.Iwaswonderinghowtogetthere.Myproblemiswhentochangetheplan.考點(diǎn)3非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)情況常用動(dòng)詞只接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞hope,want,offer,long(渴望),fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen只接v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,keep,avoid,risk,resist,consider,can’thelp,feellike,succeedin,befondof,objectto,getdownto,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,beproudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,lookforwardto,devoteoneselfto,beworth,bebusy,payattentionto,stickto兩者都可以意義相同begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue(接不定式多指具體的動(dòng)作,接動(dòng)詞-ing形式多指一般或習(xí)慣行為)need,want,require,deserve(接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式)意義不同stoptodo(停下手中正在做的事,去做另一件事)stopdoing(停止正在做的事)remember/forget/regrettodo(指動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生)remember/forget/regretdoing(指動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)goontodo(接著做另外一件事)goondoing(接著做同一件事)trytodo(設(shè)法,努力去做,盡力做)trydoing(試著去做)meantodo(打算做,企圖做)meandoing(意思是,意味著)考點(diǎn)4非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)1.不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing和過(guò)去分詞均可作表語(yǔ)。但不定式表示具體情況，而動(dòng)詞-ing表示通常狀況，動(dòng)詞-ing和過(guò)去分詞均表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。Tony’splanistofinishhisessaybytheendofthismonth.Myfavouritesportisplayingvolleyball.Thenewsisveryexciting.Myjacketiswornout.2.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別：Mymoneyisstolen.(主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表狀態(tài)或結(jié)果，多為一般時(shí)態(tài))Mymoneywasstolenbyanunemployedguy.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作)3.動(dòng)詞-ing作表語(yǔ)與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：Hisfavoritesportisplayingfootball.(主系表結(jié)構(gòu))Hisbehaviorispleasing.(主系表結(jié)構(gòu))Heisplayingfootball.(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))4.形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞和動(dòng)詞-ing很多情感化的過(guò)去分詞和動(dòng)詞-ing在使用中都已轉(zhuǎn)化成為形容詞，用作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。一般而言，動(dòng)詞-ing表屬性，過(guò)去分詞表心理活動(dòng)，常見(jiàn)的有：interest,move,touch,worry,inspire,encourage,disappoint,please,satisfy,bore,tire,invite,puzzle,confuse,entertain,relax,amuse,amaze,surprise,astonish,shock,embarrass,terrify,frighten,scare,discourage,annoy,exhaust等。Thepicturesonthewallinterestme.Thepicturesonthewallareinteresting.Iaminterestedinthepicturesonthewall.考點(diǎn)5非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)形式類別例句不定式目的、原因、條件、結(jié)果Myparentswillbedelightedtoseeyou.(條件)Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou.(目的)We’reproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina.(原因)動(dòng)詞-ing形式時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式、伴隨狀況Beingateacher,youshouldhelpyourstudentsineveryway.(原因)Hecomeshomelateeveryevening,makinghiswifeveryangry.(結(jié)果)Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.(條件)Workingsohard,hefailedagain.(讓步)Theyeatusingthefingersoftheirrighthands.(方式)Hesatinthearmchair,readinganewspaper.(伴隨)過(guò)去分詞時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步Borninapoorfamily,Nadiahadonlytwoyearsofschooling.(原因)Whenaskedherfutureplans,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.(時(shí)間)Somemedicines,ifwronglytaken,cankillaperson.(條件)Encouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinovercomingthedifficulties.(讓步)Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse.(方式)Thegirlmetwithanaccidentwhencrossingtheroad,woundedinthehead.(結(jié)果)考點(diǎn)6非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)1.單個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ing和過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)置于被修飾的名詞前。asleepingboy(動(dòng)詞-ing作定語(yǔ)表示被修飾名詞的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài))fallenleaves(不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)只表示結(jié)果)thebrokenglass(及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成)2.動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ)、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)和不定式作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)置于被修飾的名詞之后。Thepersonspeaking_nowisourmanager.(正在講話)Thepersonto_speakisourmanager.(將要講話)Theroomalready_repairedismyoffice.(已經(jīng)維修)Theroombeing_repairedismyoffice.(正在維修)Theroomto_be_repairedismyoffice.(將要維修)注意：①修飾序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞只能用不定式作定語(yǔ)。如：Lucyisalwaysthefirsttocome.②在句型have/give/find/need/want＋賓語(yǔ)＋todo中，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。如：Ihavealotofworktodotoday.③Therebe句型中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，表意如下：Thereismuchworktodo/tobedone.(將要做)Thereisawhitedogrunningontheplayground.(正在跑)Therewerepeoplekilledintheaccident.(已經(jīng)喪生)④有些名詞常接不定式作定語(yǔ)，如havetheability/theright/thechance/thecourage/notimetodo...考點(diǎn)7非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形式常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系及時(shí)間概念例句wish,want,ask,require/request,order,warn,allow/permit,forbid,expect,remind,encourage,inspire,callon,dependon(接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))主謂關(guān)系(表主動(dòng))。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作即將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成Wedependonyoutohelpusoutoftrouble.Imadehimdohiswork.→Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyoffthetree.→Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyoffthetree.see,hear,watch,feel,notice,lookat等感官動(dòng)詞(詞組)和let,make,have等使役動(dòng)詞后面,不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)要省略to。這樣的動(dòng)詞可歸納為:五看:watch,see,lookat,observe,notice;三讓:let,make,have;二聽(tīng):hear,listento;一感覺(jué):feel。注意:當(dāng)以上動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子中時(shí),to要還原動(dòng)詞-ing形式notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel主謂關(guān)系(表主動(dòng))。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,尚未完成IfoundherlisteningtotheradiowhenIpassedby.過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(表被動(dòng))。動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.二、模擬演練1.（2022·重慶南開(kāi)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或者括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The9,000-plusvolunteersattheBeijing2022ParalympicWinterGameshaveplayed___51___vitalroleinensuringthatallaspectsoflifeforthesportsmen,bothonandoffthefieldofplay,havegone___52___(smooth).Tomeetthediverseneedsofthepara___53___(athlete)andallparticipants,thevolunteers___54___(go)throughastricttrainingprogram,whichincludedtrainingforbasicmedicalandfirst-aid,howtousewheelchairs,andthe___55___(guide)onwhentoprovideassistanceand___56___tocommunicatebest.LiuAn’anisoneofthevolunteerstohavealsoservedattheBeijing2008SummerGames.Backthen,Liuwasasophomorestudentatuniversity.Now,14yearslater,sheisstillatuniversitybutthistimesheacts___57___alecturer,leadingateamofherownstudentsasvolunteersatBeijing2022.Liuhasspentover150daystrainingand___58___(participate)intheseGames.Sheis___59___(responsibility)forthetrafficpermitsofallsortsoftransportationvehicles,andneedstocoordinatewithover100differentdepartments,includingvenuesmedia,transportationandsecurity.“Becomingavolunteer____60____hasservedbothattheBeijing2008SummerGamesandtheBeijing2022WinterGamesisagreathonorforme,andIfeelastrongsenseofprideandresponsibility,”saidLiu.2.（2022·山東·煙臺(tái)二中模擬預(yù)測(cè)）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anelderlywomanwhofellintoan____11____(ice)riverwasrescuedthankstothebraveryofabike____12____(ride)whospottedhergounderthecoldwater.ShiLeiwascyclingonhiswaytowork____13____hespottedthe70-year-oldwomanfromabridge.Othereyewitnesses____14____(call)theemergencyservices,butMrShiimmediatelyjumped____15____hisbikeandracedtowardsthewater.MobilephonefootageshowsMrShi,54,tryingtirelessly____16____(drag)thewomantosafety.Hehadtobreaktheicewithhishandsandlater____17____(join)byanothermanwhomanagedtosecure____18____roperoundMrShi.Aftergettingthewomantosafety,MrShitookthewomanbacktoherhomewithherrelativesinthetownofBaoding,innorthernChina.HetoldtheSouthChinaMorningPost:“Itwasreally____19____(freeze)inthewater,butIdidn’thavetimetothinkaboutitatthetime.”Headdedthatafterthewoman_____20_____(safe)gothome,healsowenthome,tookashower,drankabowlofgingerwaterandcarriedonwithhiswork.3.（2022·湖北·恩施土家族苗族高中二模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JiangHuandidn’tunderstandhisfather’sdecisiontodonatehisorgansuntil____21____organdonationcoordinator(協(xié)調(diào)員)toldhimthatthetransplantsurgerywassuccessfulandhadhelpedsavealife.Familiesoforgandonors,alongsidethereceiversandcoordinators,gatherattheChongqingOrganDonationMemorialParkeveryTombSweepingDayinmemoryofthedeadfortheir____22____(generous).“It’snothowmuchtimeyouhave____23____howyouuseitthatmatters,”saysacardfromadonor’sfamilypresentedatthememorialpark.In2010,China____24____(official)launchedanationalpilotprogramforhumanorgandonation,whichgaverise____25____alotofdonationcoordinatorsikeZhouLijuan.“Often,wearemisunderstood,rejected,andevenabusedbythefamilymembers.Butthescenesofpatientswaitingfororgantransplantopportunitiesalwayscometomymindfirst,”saysZhou.Sheaddsthattheeagernessintheeyesofthosepatients____26____(motivate)herovertheyearstostandupforherduty.Adecadeago,WanYing,apatient____27____visionwasdamagedduetoakindofeyeillness,receivedacorneal(角膜)transplantthankstoadeaddonor.“Iwasin____28____(urge)needofasuitablecornea,andmyfamilywasalmostdesperateatthattime,”Wansays.“Iwaslucky____29____(give)thepriorityinreceivingthetransplantasoneofmyfamilymemberswasa____30____(register)donorwhodonatedacorneain2005.”4.（2022·山東臨沂·二模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。GhaliyaworksforanationalnewspaperinIndonesia.ShortlyafterthepandemichitJakarta,hernewspaperstartedhearingfromparents____31____wantedtheirchildrentostudyonlinebutlackedawaytousetheinternet.Whenthejournalistsannouncedtheircampaigntohelpthesechildrenthroughsocialmedia,the____32____（react）wasoverwhelming.Manypeopledonatedsecond-handphones,____33____othersgavecashdonations.InApril,thejournalists____34____（collect）morethan200mobilephonesanddonationsofmorethan$35,000.Theyusedthemoneytobuymorephones.Theyalsopaidforinternetuseforthoseneedingit.____35____（current）,nearly300phonehavebeengiventostudentsinandaroundJakarta.____36____（help）studentstakepartinonlineschoolingbringshappinesstoGhaliyaandherfriends.“Wereallyhopethemobilephonescan____37____（use）asmuchastheycanduringthepandemic,”shesaid.QayranRubyAlMaghribihadbeenusinghisfather’smobilephonetoattend5video____38____（call）aweek.Butthe11-year-oldboycouldn’tattendclassedandfeltgreatlypressuredwhenhisfatherwenttowork.Abigsmileappearedonhisfacewhenhereceivedthedonatedmobilephone.“NowIseehim____39____（comfortable）thanbefore,andhecandirectlyreachout____40____hisfriendsandteacher,”Sayutisaid.5.（2022·山東濰坊·二模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AlLarsonisknownas“TheBluebirdMan”.HefirstbeganhisconservationallaborofloveafterhereadanissueofNationalGeographicthatdetailedhowbuildingbirdhousescouldhelptostoptheirdecliningpopulations.___41___(see)abluebirdgoinginandoutofadeadtreeonhisproperty,Larsonbecameinspiredtostartsettinguplittleboxesthatcouldserveasnests___42___bluebirds.___43___startedasahobbytopursueinhisretirementturnedintoafull-timeeffortandafteralmostfourdecadesof___44___(devote),hehasbandedanddocumentedover30,000bluebirds,thanks___45___(primary)tothe350birdhousesthathehasbuiltacrosssouthwestIdaho.Sincebluebirdsliveondeadornearly-deadtrees,theirpopulationbegantodeclinewhentheinventionoftheelectricchainsaw(電鋸)intheearly1900s___46___(make)iteasierforhomeownerstoremovethedeadtreesoftheirproperties,havingtheirhabitats___47___(destroy).ButtheeffortsofLarsonhaveshownusthatifwetakeamoment___48___(understand)theneedsofaspecies,thesolutionwillpresentitselfin___49___practicalandobtainableway.Nowthatheisnearingtheageof97,Larsonshowsnosignsofslowingdown.Anduptonowhisinspiringstory____50____(film)intotheEmmyaward-nominateddocumentary“BluebirdMan.”6.（2021·全國(guó)·高考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe____1____(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,____2____(think)itisfood.Idecidedtodosomething____3____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany____4____usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusingplasticstraws（吸管）.

Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompany____5____emaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow____6____(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.Iwasso____7____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto____8____(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompany____9____(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingover_____10_____plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.7.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Englishperfectlyshowsthe“networkeffects”ofaglobaltongue:themorepeopleuseit,themoreusefulitis.Parentsexpecttheirchildren1.(master)English,whichisencouragingthe2.(grow)ofprivateschooling.EducationauthoritiesareswitchingtoEnglishmedium,inparttocontroltheoutflow(外流)ofchildrenintotheprivatesector.TeachingchildreninEnglishisfineifthatis3.theyspeakathomeandtheirparentsarefluent4.it.Butthatisnot5.caseinmostpublicandlow-costprivateschools.Childrenaretaughtinalanguagetheydon’tunderstandbyteachers6.Englishispoor.ThechildrenlearnneitherEnglishnoranythingelse.Researchshowsthatchildrenlearn7.(much)whentheyaretaughtintheirmothertonguethantheydowhentheyaretaughtinanyotherlanguage.Inastudyofchildrenin12schoolsinCameroonlastmonth,thosetaughtinKom8.(do)betterthanthosetaughtinEnglishinallsubjects.Englishshouldbeanimportantsubjectatschool,butnot9.(necessary)thelanguageofinstruction.RatherthanswitchingtoEnglish-mediumteaching,governmentsfearfulof10.(lose)custom(光顧)totheprivatesectorshouldlookatthemanypossiblewaysofimprovingpublicschools.8.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Pinyinisasuccessfultool,which11.(teach)inChinatoschoolkids.Itisnotmerelyusedbywesternerslikeus.IthasprovedtobeausefultoolforChinesepeople12.(they)tolearnstandardpronunciationintheirearlyeducation.Thefirststepistolearnhow13.(pronounce)eachletterinpinyincorrectlyandthemeaningofthetonemarkers.Thenyouhavetodo14.(drill)asmanyasyoucan.Turnthatintoagame.Itcanbe15.(much)funthanyouwouldexpect.Start16.singlesyllablesanddothatalotandthensyllablepairs.Slowlymoveontolargergroups.Understandtheinitial,finalandthetones.Butmostimportantly,17.youneedisgoodfeedback.You’dbetterhavesomeonethatcancorrectyourmistakesimmediately.FindanativeChinese,18.canlistentoyouandcorrectyou.IfyoutakeChineseclasses,theteacherwill19.(probable)haveyoudodrillseveryclass.Dothisveryseriously.Ifyouareself-studying,trytomeetnativeChinesepeopleandaskthemtogiveyousomefeedback.Otherwise,trytobeself-criticalandlistenverycarefully.Good20.(listen)ismorethan50%ofwhatittakestopronouncecorrectly.9.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HaveyouevermetanyoneofyouragefromAmerica?Doyouthinkyouwouldhavealot21.commonwiththemiddleschoolstudentsthere?Infact,therearelotsof22.(different).Forexample,classesinAmericanschoolsare23.(small)thanours.MostclassesinAmericahavenomorethan30students.MoststudentsintheUSdon’t