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語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題1名詞

一、高考考點(diǎn)分析

1、名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù);2、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換;

3、名詞作定語(yǔ);4、名詞的搭配;5、詞語(yǔ)辨析;

二、考點(diǎn)講解

1、名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù);

問(wèn)題1;—Howmanydoesacowhave?

--Four.A.stomachesB.stomachC.stomachsD.stomachies

以—,,,等結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加es;但如果以ch結(jié)

尾的名詞發(fā)音為時(shí),只加So

另外,以+y結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),需將y變成i,再加-es;以

+y結(jié)尾的則直接加-s。以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的專(zhuān)有名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),

也直接加So

問(wèn)題2;The_____ofthebuildingarecoveredwithlotsof______.

A.roofs;leavesB.rooves;leafsC.roof;leafD.roofs;leafs

以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí):

a.加s,如:serf--belief--roof---

chief—safe--gulf---;

b.去f,fe力口ves,如:half—knife—

leaf--wolfwife一一

life---thief—;

c.均可,如:handkerchief--/

問(wèn)題3:Whenthefarmerreturnedhomehefoundthree______missing.

A.sheepsB.sheepesC.sheepD.sheepies

當(dāng)sheep;deer;fish表示時(shí),單復(fù)數(shù)同形;如果表示,則需加s

或eSo單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞有:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss

works,means,head

問(wèn)題4:Some_____visitedourschoollastWednesday.

A.GermanB.GermenC.GermansD.Germens

國(guó)家人的名詞需要記住三種情況:

1、單復(fù)數(shù)同形:Chinese;Japanese;Swiss

2、需要變形:English-Englishman

3、力口-s或-es:German-Germans

詳見(jiàn)下表。

1.6不同國(guó)家的人的單復(fù)數(shù)

名稱(chēng)總稱(chēng)(謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù))一個(gè)人兩個(gè)人

中國(guó)人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese

瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss

澳大利亞人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians

俄國(guó)人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians

意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians

希臘人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks

法國(guó)人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen

日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese

美國(guó)人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans

印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians

加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians

德國(guó)人theGermansaGermanstwoGermans

英國(guó)人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen

瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes

問(wèn)題5:_______willmakeatriparoundtheworldduringthecoining

Christmas.

A.TheEvensB.TheEvens'C.TheEvensesD.TheEvenses,

專(zhuān)有名詞的復(fù)數(shù)與連用,常用來(lái)表示“一家人”或一家之中的兩個(gè)或幾

個(gè)重要的人。如:

---Whodidyouspendlastweekendwith?

APalmerJsBThePalmersCThePalmersDThePalmerJs

問(wèn)題6:MrSmithhastwo______,bothofwhomareteachersinaschool.

A.brothers-in-lawB.brother-in-laws

C.brothers-in-lawsD.brothers-inlaw

以連字符號(hào)連接的合成名詞一般將中心名詞變成復(fù)數(shù),如:managers-in-chief;

fathers-inTaw。如果沒(méi)有中心名詞就在該合成詞的最后加-s。如:grown-upso

2、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換

問(wèn)題1;Hegainedhis_____byprinting_____offamouswriters.

A.wealth;workB.wealths;worksC.wealths;workD.wealth;works

抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞被稱(chēng)為不可數(shù)名詞。

問(wèn)題2:Canyougiveussome______aboutthewriter?

A.informationsB.information

C.pieceofinformationsD.piecesinformation

大多數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞都不可能轉(zhuǎn)化為可數(shù)名詞,常見(jiàn)的有:information;news;

advice;progress;fun...如:

Thisisnotamatch.We'replayingchessfor_____.

AhabitBhobbyCfunDgame

問(wèn)題3:

Manypeopleagreethat____ofEnglishisamustininternationaltrade

today.A.aknowledgeB.knowledgesC.knowledgeD.theknowledge

有些抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞也可轉(zhuǎn)化為可數(shù)名詞,用來(lái)表示某種特定的意義。如上。

又如:

Thismeetingisagreatsuccess.

請(qǐng)看下面的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的轉(zhuǎn)化:

a.當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為個(gè)體名詞時(shí)。

Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一種食物。()

Thesecakesaresweet.這些蛋糕很好吃。()

b.當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示該物質(zhì)的種類(lèi)時(shí),名詞可數(shù)。

Thisfactoryproducessteel.()

Weneedvarioussteels.()

c.當(dāng)物質(zhì)名詞表示份數(shù)時(shí),可數(shù)。

Ourcountryisfamousfortea.()

Twoteas,please.請(qǐng)來(lái)兩杯茶。()

d.抽象名詞有時(shí)也可數(shù)。

fourfreedoms四大自由thefourmodernizations四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化

manyinterests許多興趣

3、名詞作定語(yǔ);

問(wèn)題1Theisjustaroundthecornerandyouwon'tmissit.

A.bicycle'sshopB.bicycleshopC.bicyclesshopD.bicycles,shop

名詞作定語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù),但也有以下例外。

1)用復(fù)數(shù)作定語(yǔ)。

如:運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)

studentsreading-room學(xué)生閱覽室

talkstable談判桌

theforeignlanguagesdepartment外語(yǔ)系

2)有些原有s結(jié)尾的名詞,作定語(yǔ)時(shí),s保留。

如:goodstrain(貨車(chē))armsproduce武器生產(chǎn)

customspapers海關(guān)文件clothesbrush衣刷

問(wèn)題2lttookusquitealongtimetogethere.Itwasjourney.

A.three-hourB.athreehourC.athree-hourD.threehours

“數(shù)詞+名詞”構(gòu)成的合成詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),這個(gè)名詞一般保留O

如:aten-milewalk;afive-yearplan

但是如果不用連字符,就需用的所有格。

Thevillageisfarawayfromhereindeed.It's____walk.(04上海

春季)

A.afourhourB.afourhour1sC.afour-hoursD.afourhours'

問(wèn)題3:Thereareonlytwelve_____inthehospital.

A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorsC.womendoctorD.womandoctor

man,woman,gentleman等作定語(yǔ)時(shí),其單復(fù)數(shù)以所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。

如:amanworkerfmenworkers

awomanteacher-*___________________

agentlemanofficial_____________________

4、名詞的搭配

問(wèn)題1We'vemissedthelastbus.I'mafraidwehaveno______butto

takeataxi.A.wayB.choiceC.possibilityD.selection

可以將“”視為一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu),現(xiàn)在考查這類(lèi)搭配的題

有很多,如:IamsureDavidwillbeabletofindthelibrary-hehas

aprettygood____ofdirection.A.ideaB.feelingC.experienceD.sense

類(lèi)似的題還有:

1.Here'smycard.Let'skeepin.

A.touchB.relationC.connectionD.friendship

2.Youcantakeasmanyasyoulikebecausetheyarefreeof

.A.fareB.chargeC.moneyD.pay

3.Themanagerhasgotagoodbusinesssothe

companyisdoingwell.A.ideaB.senseC.thoughtD.Thinking

4.Ikeepmedicinesonthetopshelf,outofthechildren's

.AreachBhandCholdDplace

問(wèn)題2Aroughestimate,NigeriaisGreatBritain.

A.threetimesthesizeasB.thesizethreetimesof

C.threetimesasthesizeofD.threetimesthesizeof

注意名詞用來(lái)表示比較的特殊用法。它的結(jié)構(gòu)為“倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of+對(duì)象”。

常用在該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞為:thesizeof;theweightof;thelengthof....

5、詞語(yǔ)辨析

問(wèn)題IBillwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis

A.abilityB.forceC.strengthD.mind

高考試卷中考查名詞詞義辨析的題目越來(lái)越多了,這就要求我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)

程中注意同類(lèi)詞的比較和辨析,同時(shí)盡可能從閱讀過(guò)程中汲取更多的知識(shí)。

三、總結(jié)與鞏固

1.Itwon'tmakemuchwhetheryouagreeornot.

A.difficultyB.troubleC.differenceD.matter

2.Noonehasyetsucceededinexplainingtheofhowlifebegan.

A.causeB.problemC.reasonD.puzzle

3.Youmustgettherewithinanhour.Thereshouldbeno_insendingthisinformationtohim.

A.questionB.problemC.quarrelD.delay

4.Ican'tgiveyouthecardwithoutSmith's

A.agreementB.allowingC.permissionD.performance

5.Whatimpressedmemostwasthattheyneverlost

A.heartsB.heartC.theirheartD.theirhearts

6.ThoughIspoketohimmanytimes,henevertookanyofwhatIsaid.

A.remarkB.observationC.attentionD.notice

7.1wenttobuyaofChinaDaily.

A.pieceB.sheetC.lotD.copy

8.ShellyhadpreparedcarefullyforherEnglishexaminationsothatshecouldbesureofpassing

itonherfirst.

A.intentionB.purposeC.attemptD.desire

9.Thereareusuallyatleasttwooflookingateveryquestion.

A.meansB.directionsC.viewsD.ways

10.Wehaveworkedouttheplanandnowwemustpulitinto.

A.factB.realityC.practiceD.deed

11.Sheisyoungforthejob,butontheother,sheiswelltrained.

A.wayB.situationC.chanceD.hand

12.Themostimportantofhisspeechwasthatweshouldallworkwhole-heartedlyfor

thepeople.A.pointB.senseC.spotD.view

13.---rdlikeinformationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please.

■一Well,youcouldhavewordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.

A.some;aB.an;someC.some;someD.an;a

語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題2代詞

一、高考考點(diǎn)分析

1、人稱(chēng)代詞的替代和轉(zhuǎn)換;2、物主代詞的性;3、else的用法;

4、不定代詞的用法比較;5、it的用法;

二、高考考點(diǎn)講解

1.人稱(chēng)代詞的指代問(wèn)題

問(wèn)題1:Itwas____whodidit,butitwas____thatwearetalkingabout.

A.he…sheB.him…h(huán)erC.him…sheD.he…h(huán)er

解析:人稱(chēng)代詞的在句子中作主語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),例如:

Johnwaitedawhilebuteventually____wenthome.

人稱(chēng)代詞的在句子中作賓語(yǔ)或介康語(yǔ),但在口語(yǔ)中也能作表語(yǔ),第一人稱(chēng)在省

略句中,還可以作主靜,例如:

Isawherwiththem,atleast,Ithoughtitwasher.

問(wèn)題中前后兩個(gè)分句都是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,前面的代詞作didit的主語(yǔ),而后面的代詞作

talkingabout的賓語(yǔ)。

2)在使用人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí),要注意其人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和格的。如:

JimandIsawthemanpassingby.

Betweenyouandme,hestolealotofmoneyfromsomewhere.

(私下跟你說(shuō)吧,不知他從哪里偷了一大筆錢(qián)呢。)

Heaskedthreeofus,John,Joanand,tohavedinnerwithhim.

Meatandfisharemoreexpensivethanusedtobe.

不定代詞anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone,someone,everyone,noone,及

whoever和person在正式場(chǎng)合使用時(shí),可用he,his,him代替。

Nobodycame,?誰(shuí)也沒(méi)來(lái),是嗎?

2.人稱(chēng)代詞之主、賓格的替換

問(wèn)題2

-Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.

一Why?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.

A.himB.heC.ID.me

解析;在簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話(huà)中,當(dāng)人稱(chēng)代詞單獨(dú)使用或在not后,多用o

----IlikeEnglish.—我喜歡英語(yǔ)。-------------too.-我也喜歡。

----Havemorewine?--再來(lái)點(diǎn)酒喝嗎?-----Not.--我可不要了。

問(wèn)題3:—MayIspeaktoJohn?—Thisisspeaking.

A.heB.hisC.himD.himself

解析:a,在介詞but,except后,有時(shí)可用代替。

Allbuttotheconcerttomorrow.

A.heandIamgoingB.heandIaregoing

C.heandmearegoingD.hisandmeamgoing

b.在電話(huà)用語(yǔ)中常用O

----IwishtospeaktoMary.-----Thisis。----我就是瑪麗。

3.物主代詞的性

問(wèn)題4:--IsthiscameralikeBill,sandAnn's?

---No,butit'salmostthesameas__.A.herB.yoursC.themD.their

解析:形容詞性的物主代詞修飾名詞,不能獨(dú)用;名詞性的物主代詞在用法上相當(dāng)于省略了

中心名詞的s所有格結(jié)構(gòu),例如:

Thatismybook.=Thatbookis_____.

另外,在動(dòng)名詞前常加上形容詞性的物主代高贏(yíng)動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?

4.反身代詞

問(wèn)題5:Youwillfindasyoureadfiatsbookthatyoujustcan'tkeepsomeofthese

stonesto.Youwillwanttosharethemwithafriend.

A.itselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.themselves

反身代詞通常作、和o

a.作賓語(yǔ):有些動(dòng)詞需有反身代詞absent,bathe,amuse,blame,dry,cut,

enjoy,hurt,introduce,behave,help,dress,keep,…

Weenjoyedverymuchlastnight.Pleasehelptosomefish.

b.作表語(yǔ);beoneself:Iamnottoday.我今天不舒服。

c.作同位語(yǔ)Thethingisnotimportant.事情本身并不重要。

5、不定代詞的用法比較

A、some/any

問(wèn)題1ThereJscookingoilleftinthehouse.Wouldyougotothecorner

storeandget?A.little;someB.little;anyC.alittle;someD.a

little;any

問(wèn)題2Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn,t___.A.anyB.someC.noI),anything

說(shuō)明:some“一些”,一般用于句中。

1)可與復(fù)數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞連用。

2)當(dāng)做“某一”解時(shí),也可與連用。(=acertain)

Youwillbesorryforthisday.

()personhasseenyoubreaktherule.

注意:some用于其他句式中:

a.肯定疑問(wèn)句中:說(shuō)話(huà)人認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)。

Wouldyoulike句式中,表委婉請(qǐng)求或建議,如:Wouldyoulikecoffee?

b.在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示確定的意義時(shí),如:Ifyouneedhelp,letmeknow,

c.some位于主語(yǔ)部分,studentshavenJtbeentherebefore.

d.當(dāng)否定的是整體中的部分時(shí),some可用于否定句。如:Ihaven'theardfromsome

ofmyoldfriendstheseyears._______________________________________

any“一些”,多用于和和中。

當(dāng)表示“”的意思時(shí),any可用于肯定句。

Herearethreenovels.Youmayreadany.

問(wèn)題3:Wehaven'tenoughbooksfor;someofyouwillhavetoshare.

A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody

問(wèn)題4:---Oneweek'stimehasbeenwasted.

---Ican,tbelievewedidallthatworkfor.

A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anything

注意:some,any,every所構(gòu)成的合成不定代詞不能與of連用,只有才可接of短

語(yǔ)。如:someoneofus;everyoneofthem

但要注意:noneofthem(noone后不接of短語(yǔ))

B、one,that和it

問(wèn)題hMeetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,

Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.oneC.itD.what

問(wèn)題2:TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____wi11needalotofworkbeforethey

canmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which

問(wèn)題3;IpreferaflatinInvernessto______inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenear

myMom's.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this

問(wèn)題4:Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems一infactfarmoreserious

thanmobilephonesdo.

A.oneB.onesC.itD.those

說(shuō)明:one表示泛指,that和it表示特指。that與所指名詞為同類(lèi),但不是同一個(gè),而

it與所指名詞為同一個(gè)。

Ican'tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuyone.

ThehatyouboughtisbiggerthanthatIbought.

Ican*tfindmyhat.Idon'tknowwhereIputit.

C、another/other/theother/others/theothers

問(wèn)題1:Youngpeoplemaygrowquicklyinsomewaysandmoreslowlyin____.

A.theotherB.someotherC.othersD.theseothers

問(wèn)題2;Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,and.

A.theotheriswhiteB.anotherwhiteC.theotherwhiteD.anotheriswhite

問(wèn)題3。Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneitherside

wouldaccepttheconditionsof.

A.othersB.theotherC.eitherD.another

說(shuō)明:

one…theother只有兩個(gè)one…another,another***

some…others,others***others二otherpeople/things

theothers=therest剩余的全部

1)泛指另一個(gè)用another。2)一定范圍內(nèi)兩人(物),一個(gè)用one,另一個(gè)用theothero

3)一定范圍內(nèi)三者,一個(gè)用one,另一個(gè)用one(another),第三個(gè)可用theother,athirdo

4)一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用theothers。

5)除去已有的,表示“還有多少”,一般有三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu):

①another+數(shù)量+名詞;②數(shù)量+other+名詞;③數(shù)量+more+名詞。

D、anyone/anyone;noone/none;nothing

問(wèn)題hPlayingtricksonothersisweshouldneverdo.

A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing

問(wèn)題2;Vehaven,tenoughbooksfor;someofyouwillhavetoshare.

A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody

問(wèn)題3MShedoesn'tknowanyonehere.Shehasgottotalkto.

A.anyoneB.someoneC.everyoneD.noone

1.anyone和anyone

anyone僅指,不與of連用;anyone既可指人,也可指物。

2.noone和none

a)none后跟of短語(yǔ),既可指人又可指物,而noone只單獨(dú)使用,只指—。

b)none作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單,復(fù)數(shù)均可,而noone作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是。

ofyoucouldliftit.你們中沒(méi)有人可舉起它。

----Didanyonecallmeupjustnow?--------------.

3.none和nothing

none只指量,指所指的一類(lèi)人或物中一個(gè)都沒(méi)有;

nothing泛指,什么東西都不存在。后面不接of短語(yǔ)。如:

--Arethereanyeggsinthefridge?--.Infact,thereisinthefridge.

E、every和each

問(wèn)題之hegoesoutforsomefood.

A.EveryafewdaysB.EveryfewdaysC.EachfewdaysD.Everyseveraldays

說(shuō)明:1)every強(qiáng)調(diào)的概念,each強(qiáng)調(diào)概念。

Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook..

2)every指三個(gè)以上的人或物(含三個(gè)),each指兩個(gè)以上的人或物(含兩個(gè))

3)every只作形容詞,不可單獨(dú)使用。each可作代詞或形容詞。

Everystudenthastotakeone.Eachboyhastotakeone.

Eachoftheboyshastotakeone.

4)every不可以作狀語(yǔ),each可作狀語(yǔ)。Weeachhaveaglasstodrinkwaterwith.

5)every有反復(fù)重復(fù)的意思,如everytwoweeks等;each沒(méi)有。

6)every與not連用,表示部分否定;each和not連用表示全部否定?

_______________并非每個(gè)人都誠(chéng)實(shí)。

_______________________這兒每個(gè)人都不誠(chéng)實(shí)

F、both,either,neither,all,any,none

問(wèn)題1:IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,but___ofthemcame.

A.neitherB.eitherC.noneD.both

問(wèn)題2M-—Doyouwantteaorcoffee?

―.Ireallydon'tmind.A.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither

問(wèn)題3t-—WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?

--------wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Either

問(wèn)題4t26.IhadtobuythesebooksbecauseIdidn,tknowwhichone

wasthebest.A.bothB.noneC.neitherD.all

1)both(兩者都),either(兩者中任何一個(gè)),neither(兩者都不)。以上詞使用范圍

為oNeitherofthetwoboysisclever.

注意both,either的用法區(qū)別:both與復(fù)數(shù)連用,either與單數(shù)連用。

Boththeboysclever.Eitherofthetwoboysclever.

Thereareflowersonbothofthestreet.

Thereareflowersoneitherofthestreet.

2)all(所有的,全部的人或物),any(任何一個(gè)),none(都不)。以上詞使用范圍為

Alltheflowersaregone.。

Idon'tlikeanyoftheflowers.

Ilikenoneoftheflowers.________________________

注意:all與none用法一樣。跟單數(shù)名詞,;0,用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。

Allofthestudentsthere.All(of)themilkthere.

G、few,little,afew,alittle,abit

問(wèn)題:Althoughhe'swealthy,hespends__onclothes.

A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew

(a)few+,(a)little+

afew/alittle為含義,還有一點(diǎn)

few/little為含義,沒(méi)有多少了。

abitof+名詞

notalittle=;notabit=

Hehasfriends.他有幾個(gè)朋友。

Thereistimeleft.幾乎沒(méi)剩下什么時(shí)間了。

Thereisonlyinkinthebottle.

Wearetiredbecausewehavebeenworkingforalmosttwentyhours.

Althoughhehadwalkedalongway,hedidn,tfeeltired.

考題點(diǎn)擊:

1)--Didyougoonmanyofthehuntingtrips?—No,______.

A.notmuchB.littleatallC.fewerD.veryfew

2)---Areyoufeelingtiredafterthegame?

—_____.Infact,Ifeelquiterelaxed.

A.NotalittleB.NotabitC.NotlittleD.Notbit

3)Tomnevergoesouttoeatbecausehehas___money.

A.fewB.littleC.a1ittleD.afew

4)friendsBettyhadmadetherewereallinvitedtoherbirthdayparty.

A.FewofB.FewC.ThefewD.Afew

6、else的用法

問(wèn)題1

---Victorcertainlycarestoomuchabouthimself.

—Yes.He'sneverinterestedinwhat______isdoing.

A.nooneelseB.anyoneelseC.someoneelseD.nobodyelse

else常與不定代詞連用,用來(lái)表示“別的……人或物”,近幾年已成為高考中的熱點(diǎn)。no

oneelse=nobodyelse,表示“沒(méi)別的人",someoneelse表示“別的某個(gè)人",anyone

else表示“別的任何人”。

7、it的用法

Lit作人稱(chēng)代詞,代替前面提到的事物.2.it指代時(shí)間,季節(jié),距離.

3.it作形式賓語(yǔ),常用在6123結(jié)構(gòu)中.(think,find,make,believe,???)

4.it作形式主語(yǔ).當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞,不定式,從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式主語(yǔ).

5.Itis…that….的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型.

1.代替上文中提到過(guò)的人或事物。指代人時(shí),一般用于o例如:

-Whoisthebaby?-It'smyteacher?sson.

-Whoisthatgentleman?—It?smyfriend,Tom.wantstoseeyou.

【典型例題】

TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycan

movein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which

2.用于表達(dá)天氣、環(huán)境、時(shí)間、距離、季節(jié)等。

?It'shalfanhour'swalkfromheretoourschool.

?It'sniceandwarmhere.Butit'stwoo'clocknow,andit'stimeforusto

gotoschool.

注意下列幾種表示時(shí)間的句型

(D.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…?It9shightimeweleft.

②.Itisthefirst(second...)timethat..

?It'sthefirsttimeIhavebeenpraised.

Itis....since…?It'sthreeyearstheygotmarried.

④.Itis/was...when...?Itwas1949.thePRCwasfounded.

⑤.Itis/was...before…?Itwillbetwoyearswemeetagain.

3.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.

該句型中的it作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型為“6123結(jié)構(gòu)”、

6指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞:,,,,,;

1指的是形式賓語(yǔ);

2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式:或;

3指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式:不定式短語(yǔ),動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

4.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.

此句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ),主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性,緊迫性,頻繁程

度,難易,安全等情況的形容詞,常見(jiàn)的形容詞有:①important,necessary,natural

②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,

impossible,pleasant在①中的形容詞作表語(yǔ)可以用從句改寫(xiě),

如:Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.

=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty

It作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)的幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)句型:

①.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.

該句型中的不定式如果須要邏輯主語(yǔ),則須要前置介詞,而句型中的形容詞必須是

能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)特征的形容詞,常見(jiàn)的有:bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,

foolish,good(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice

(有教養(yǎng)的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong

這個(gè)句型可以改寫(xiě)為:sb.iskindtodosth.

②.Ittakessb....todosth.”做…要花某人…”

?Ittookmeagestorepairmycomputer.

③.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.

該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是nogood,nouse,novalue,

noimportance????It'snousecryingoverthespiltmilk.

④.Itdoesn,tmatterwhether(if)...不論(是否)…沒(méi)關(guān)系…

?Itdoesn,tmatterwhetherheisformyplanornot.

⑤.Ithappens(seems,appears)that...

?IthappenedthatIhadseenthisprobleminsomebook.

⑥.Itissaid(reported,learned....)that據(jù)說(shuō)"(據(jù)報(bào)道,據(jù)悉...)

?ItissaidthathehasgonetoNewYorktoattendamedicalmeeting.

⑦.Itisapity(ashame...)that

?Itisapitythatwehavelostthematchwithaclosescore.

⑧.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural...)that…

記住that后的從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should+動(dòng)詞原形),should可以省去.

⑨.Itissuggested(ordered...)that...that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should+

動(dòng)詞原形),should可以省.常譯為”據(jù)建議;有命令…)

⑩.Itisuptosb.todosth.該句型為“該由某人做…“。該句型中up

后的tO是O

?ItisuptoparentstoteachtheirchiIdrenmanners.。

..今天應(yīng)由他做教室清潔。

5.Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...

將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that之后.被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),

表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ).強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人,that可以由who換用.如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后,

應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子.這也是與其它從句區(qū)別判斷的方法.

注意:Itisnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...強(qiáng)凋“直到…才…”,需將not置于

until之前

1.Itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithfaceandanhourhandwas

made.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when

2.computersplaysuchanimportantpartinourdailylife?

A.WhyitisthatB.WhyisitthatC.WhywasitthatD.Whyisit

3.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheir

beauty.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so

4.Itwashowtheyoungmanhadlearnedfiveforeignlanguagesattractedthe

audienceJsinterest.A.sothatB.thatC.whatD.inwhich

三、總結(jié)與鞏固

1.Letpromisenottoquarrelaboutsuchanunimportantmatteranymore.

A.youandIB.IandyouC.yoursandmeD.youandme

2.is_____familythatthevillagersalladmireit.

A.It,suchanunitedB.His,suchaunitedC.Her's,sounitedaD.Theirs,soanunited

3.Areyougoingtobuytheblueshoes?No,Ilike___redonesoverthere.

A.theseB.thoseC.thisD.their

4.---1feelabithungry?Whydon'tyouhave___bread?A.anyB.littleC.someD.a

5.---HaveyouacolorTV?Yes,Ihaveagood___.A.itB.oneC.thatD.ones

6.…Idislikewhenotherslaughatmeinpublicorspeakillofmebehind.

—SodoI.A.themB.thoseC.itD.that

7.Isthisskirt___shelikesbest?A.oneB.thatC.theoneD.which

8.—Howmanyelephantsdidyousee?

A.NoneB.NooneC.NotmanyonesD.Nomany

9.Fdratherrideabikeasbikeridinghasofthetroubleoftakingbuses.

A.muchB.allC.neitherD.none

10.Shewasleftalone,with_tolookafterher.A.someoneB.anyoneC.notoneD.noone

11.ofusknowsthereasonwhywinteriscolderthansummer.

A.EveryoneB.EveryoneC.SomeoneD.All

12.Somepeopleareagainsttheplan,but_supportit.

A.manymoreB.muchmoreC.nomoreD.anymore

13.MaryandJoneshavearrived

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