2025屆高中英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)（北師大版）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)：UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY

UNIT9

HUMANBIOLOGY選擇性必修第三冊(cè)內(nèi)容索引基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)排查核心考點(diǎn)突破寫作能力提升基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)達(dá)標(biāo)><第一部分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)排查Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會(huì)意1235marathon n.馬拉松賽跑athletics n.田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)innovate vi.&

vt.革新，創(chuàng)新，改革vaccine n.疫苗resilience n.恢復(fù)力，復(fù)原力，適應(yīng)力46798doping n.使用違禁藥物(以提高體育比賽的成績(jī))clone vt.克隆，使無(wú)性繁殖

n.克隆動(dòng)物或植物，無(wú)性繁殖的個(gè)體gene n.基因artificially adv.人為地，虛假地identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的mammal n.哺乳動(dòng)物camel n.駱駝cattle n.牛goat n.山羊10111214131517181916primate n.靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物ape n.猿reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的clue n.線索，提示provoke vt.激起，引起2021222324ethical adj.關(guān)于倫理的；合乎道德的inferior adj.低級(jí)別的，下級(jí)的；差的，次的curse n.禍因，禍根；詛咒，咒語(yǔ)atom n.原子organ n.器官2526272829impulse n.(神經(jīng))沖動(dòng)，(電)脈沖crossword n.縱橫字謎，縱橫填字游戲intake n.攝入量，攝取量omega n.歐米伽(希臘字母表的最后一個(gè)字母，即Ω，ω)epidemic n.傳染病，流行病30313233virus n.病毒variation n.變化物，變體；差異，變動(dòng)bacteria n.細(xì)菌baseline n.(醫(yī)學(xué)或科學(xué)中的)基線，準(zhǔn)線34353637parallel n.(不同地點(diǎn)或不同時(shí)間的兩事物之間的)聯(lián)系，相似

adj.平行的sample n.樣本，樣品

vt.品嘗，嘗試；對(duì)……做抽樣調(diào)查CE 公元(用于日期后)lung n.肺38394041trial n.試驗(yàn)；審判，審理underline vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)，使突出；在……之下畫線symbolically adv.象征地，象征性地mineral n.礦物質(zhì)；礦產(chǎn)4243database n.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，資料庫(kù)astronomer n.天文學(xué)家Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形125justify vt.證明……有道理，為……辯護(hù)participant n.參加者，參與者barrier n.障礙，壁壘twin n.雙胞胎中的一個(gè)forever adv.永遠(yuǎn)；長(zhǎng)久地4367emotion n.強(qiáng)烈的情感，激情crucial adj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的bound adj.很有可能，肯定會(huì)mere adj.僅僅，只不過(guò)；極小的，極不重要的9810111312abuse vt.濫用，妄用；虐待

n.濫用；虐待contain vt.包含，容納，裝盛locate vi.&

vt.找出……的準(zhǔn)確位置zone n.地區(qū)，地帶factor n.因素，要素1415191817officially adv.官方地，正式地rare adj.稀有的，罕見(jiàn)的，不常發(fā)生的widespread adj.分布廣的，廣泛流傳的estimate vt.估計(jì)，估算visible adj.看得見(jiàn)的1620212322symptom n.癥狀；征兆，癥候bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏pose vt.造成，引起，產(chǎn)生(問(wèn)題、危險(xiǎn)、困難等)

n.(為畫像、拍照等而擺的)姿勢(shì)，姿態(tài)outbreak n.(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或疾病)爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生24282726actual adj.實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的thorough adj.徹底的，全面的，詳盡的paragraph n.(文章的)段，段落phenomenon n.現(xiàn)象needle n.針252930suspect n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子victim n.(襲擊事件、搶劫事件或兇殺案的)受害者biologyn.生物學(xué)→biological adj.生物的；生物學(xué)的→biologist n.生物學(xué)家capability n.(完成困難事情的)能力，才能→capable adj.有能力的Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變12infer vt.推斷，推定→inference n.推斷，推定calculate vt.計(jì)算，核算→calculation n.計(jì)算，核算→calculator n.計(jì)算器34physicist n.物理學(xué)家→physics n.物理學(xué)→physical adj.物理學(xué)的；身體的；物質(zhì)的betterment n.(個(gè)人社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的)改良，改善，提高→better vt.改善，提高；超過(guò)；勝過(guò)56edit vi.&

vt.編輯，編校；剪輯，剪接→edition n.版本，版次→editor n.編輯，主編comparison n.比較→compare v.比較78wholly adv.完全地→whole adj.完全的accurate adj.準(zhǔn)確的，正確的→accurately adv.準(zhǔn)確地→accuracy n.準(zhǔn)確性，準(zhǔn)確度910treatment n.診療，治療，療法；對(duì)待方式→treat n.樂(lè)事；款待

vt.治療；對(duì)待blessing n.福氣，幸運(yùn)→bless vt.祝福1112nerve n.神經(jīng)；焦慮，恐懼，緊張→nervous adj.緊張的classify vt.將……分類；把……歸入一類→classified adj.分類的；機(jī)密的→classification n.歸類，分類，分級(jí)1314opposed adj.與某事物相反；反對(duì)某事物→oppose vt.反對(duì)→opposite adj.對(duì)面的；相反的→opposition n.反對(duì)，反抗15depressing adj.令人沮喪的，讓人憂愁的→depressed adj.沮喪的，憂愁的→depress vt.令人沮喪；使蕭條→depression n.沮喪；(經(jīng)濟(jì))蕭條16steadily adv.穩(wěn)定地→steady adj.穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)固的→unsteady adj.不穩(wěn)定的systematic adj.系統(tǒng)化的，有條理的→system n.系統(tǒng)，體系，制度1718globe n.地球，世界；地球儀→global adj.全球的corresponding adj.相應(yīng)的；對(duì)應(yīng)的→correspond vi.相一致；符合；類似于→correspondence n.一致；相似；相關(guān)；通信；信件1920identify vt.確定，發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出，識(shí)別→identification n.確定，發(fā)現(xiàn)；鑒定；辨認(rèn)21[拔高詞匯]背選修詞匯12453interpretation/In?t??prI'teI??n/ n.表演，演繹；解釋moody/'mu?di/ adj.喜怒無(wú)常的，情緒多變的egotistical/?i?ɡ?'tIstIk?l/ adj.自大的；自負(fù)的chore/t???/ n.家庭雜務(wù)；日?，嵤耫rone/dr??n/ n.無(wú)人遙控飛機(jī)678910collision/k?'lI??n/ n.碰撞事故；沖突，抵觸outweigh/a?t'weI/ vt.比……更重要；比……更有價(jià)值terrorist/'ter?rIst/ n.恐怖分子envision/In'vI??n/ vt.想象；展望lightweight/'laIt-weIt/ adj.比通常重量輕的1112inhabitant/In'h?bIt?nt/ n.居民technician/tek'nI??n/ n.技師，技術(shù)人員Ⅳ.背核心短語(yǔ)12junkfood 不利健康的食品，垃圾食品leadto 導(dǎo)致incomparisonwith 與……比較起來(lái)agreatdealof 大量beboundto 一定；勢(shì)必會(huì)beviewedas 被看作是3456789101112comeintocontactwith 接觸到，和……接觸beclassifiedas 被歸類為onrecord 有記載的，記錄在案的upto 多達(dá)；直到getthrough 度過(guò)，熬過(guò)；設(shè)法處理，完成inthecourseof 在……期間，在……過(guò)程中1314resultin 導(dǎo)致comeupwith 想出，想到1Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes，monkeys，andhumans)tohavebeencloned！(the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋todo...)它們是有史以來(lái)首次被克隆的靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物(哺乳動(dòng)物的一個(gè)類別，包括猿、猴子和人類)!Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式2Whilesomepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscientificadvancement，othersraisemoralconcerns.(while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)盡管有些人認(rèn)為這對(duì)于科學(xué)的進(jìn)步至關(guān)重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的擔(dān)憂。3Researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced.(insist后接that賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)研究人員堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，克隆科學(xué)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步得到探索與發(fā)展。4Withrecentpressreportsdrawingparallelsbetweenbirdfluandkillerepidemicsofthepast，JimSmithlooksatthesometimesdepressinghistoryofepidemicsforcluesabouthowwecancreateamorepositivefuturewithoutepidemics.(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))隨著最近的媒體報(bào)道將禽流感和過(guò)去的致命流行病相類比，吉姆·史密斯審視了有時(shí)令人沮喪的流行病歷史，尋找關(guān)于我們?nèi)绾蝿?chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的沒(méi)有流行病的未來(lái)的線索。5Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea’spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在估計(jì)，該地區(qū)多達(dá)50%的人口死于這種流行病，使其成為羅馬帝國(guó)衰落的主要原因之一。6Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostsevereepidemicinhistory.(sb/sthbebelievedtobe/havebeen...某人/某物被認(rèn)為是……)在18個(gè)月內(nèi)造成5000萬(wàn)人死亡之后，西班牙流感被認(rèn)為是歷史上最嚴(yán)重的流行病。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.marathon n.____________2.gene n.______3.artificially adv.________________4.identical adj._______________________5.mammal n._________6.camel n._____詞匯默寫默寫練習(xí)(一)馬拉松賽跑基因人為地，虛假地完全相同的，非常相似的哺乳動(dòng)物駱駝7.reproductive adj.________________8.clue n._____________9.provoke vt.____________10.ethical adj.________________________11.inferior adj.______________________________繁殖的，生殖的線索，提示激起，引起關(guān)于倫理的；合乎道德的低級(jí)別的，下級(jí)的；差的，次的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞1.

vt.證明……有道理，為……辯護(hù)2.

n.參加者，參與者3.

n.障礙，壁壘4.

n.雙胞胎中的一個(gè)5.

adv.永遠(yuǎn)；長(zhǎng)久地6.

n.強(qiáng)烈的情感，激情justifyparticipantbarriertwinforeveremotion7.

adj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的8.

adj.很有可能，肯定會(huì)9.

adj.僅僅，只不過(guò)；極小的，極不重要的10.

vt.濫用，妄用；虐待 n.濫用；虐待crucialboundmereabuseⅢ.拓展單詞1.

n.生物學(xué)→

adj.生物的；生物學(xué)的→

n.生物學(xué)家2.

n.(個(gè)人社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的)改良，改善，提高→

vt.改善，提高；超過(guò)；勝過(guò)biologybiologicalbiologistbettermentbetter3.

vi.&vt.編輯，編校；剪輯，剪接→

n.版本，版次→

n.編輯，主編4.

adv.完全地→

adj.完全的5.

n.福氣，幸運(yùn)→

vt.祝福editeditioneditorwhollywholeblessingblessⅣ.拔高詞匯1.egotistical adj._______________2.drone n._____________3.collision n.______________________4.lightweight adj._______________5.technician n.________________自大的；自負(fù)的無(wú)人遙控飛機(jī)碰撞事故；沖突，抵觸比通常重量輕的技師，技術(shù)人員Ⅴ.核心短語(yǔ)1.junkfood __________________________2.leadto ______3.incomparisonwith ________________4.agreatdealof ______5.beboundto ______________不利健康的食品，垃圾食品導(dǎo)致與……比較起來(lái)大量一定；勢(shì)必會(huì)Ⅰ.詞形變化填空1.WhatimpressesusisMrWang’songoing

tochasehisdreams.Heisalways

ofachievinghisgoals.(capable)2.Whenyouareaskedto

somethingfromthetext，youmustmake

accordingtothepassageyoureadinsteadofyourimagination！(infer)3.Youwillneedto

howmuchtimetheassignmentwilltakeandmakearough

.(calculate)語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用capabilitycapableinferinferencescalculatecalculation4.Don’t

everythingyouhavewithothers，foryouwillfeelyourlifelesssatisfactoryby

.(compare)5.Theinjuredmanisbeing

nowbythemostskilfuldoctors，soheislikelytocometolifesoonafterthe

.(treat)6.Basedon

data，Ican

describetheprojectandinotherwords，my

reliesonrelevantdata.(accurate)7.The

wasinterestedinthesubject—

andvarious

phenomenaattractedhisattention.(physical)comparecomparisontreatedtreatmentaccurateaccuratelyaccuracyphysicistphysicsphysicalⅡ.選詞填空1.Inthepast，hisbadlearninghabit

hispooracademicperformance.2.He

aresponsible，kind-heartedandhard-workingdoctor.3.ThefirsttimeI

him，Iconsideredhimtobecompetentanddiligent.junkfood，leadto，beboundto，beviewedas，comeintocontactwithledtoisviewedascameintocontactwith4.Consumingtoomuch

isharmfultoourphysicalhealth，andweshouldkeepabalanceddiet.5.Youhavedonesomuchworkinadvancethatyou

passtheend-of-termexamination.junkfood，leadto，beboundto，beviewedas，comeintocontactwithjunkfoodareboundtoⅢ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫1.懷特先生總是第一個(gè)來(lái)公司的人。(the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋todo...)MrWhiteisalways

.2.雖然他的妻子經(jīng)常告訴他，他不必這么早去那里，但他就是不聽(tīng)她的話。(while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)

heneedn’tgotheresoearly，hejustwon’tlistentoher.thefirstpersontocometothecompanyWhilehiswifeoftentellshim3.他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該努力工作爭(zhēng)取晉升。(insist后接that賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)Heinsistedthat

.he(should)workhardtogetpromoted默寫練習(xí)(二)Ⅰ.閱讀單詞詞匯默寫1.organ n._____2.intake n.________________3.epidemic n.________________4.virus n.______5.variation n.__________________________器官攝入量，攝取量傳染病，流行病病毒變化物，變體；差異，變動(dòng)6.bacteria n.______7.sample n.____________

vt._______________________________8.lung n.____9.trial n._________________10.underline vt.______________________________11.mineral n._____________細(xì)菌樣本，樣品品嘗，嘗試；對(duì)……做抽樣調(diào)查肺試驗(yàn)；審判，審理強(qiáng)調(diào)，使突出；在……之下畫線礦物質(zhì)；礦產(chǎn)Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞1.

vt.包含，容納，裝盛2.

n.因素，要素3.

adj.稀有的，罕見(jiàn)的，不常發(fā)生的4.

adj.分布廣的，廣泛流傳的5.

vt.估計(jì)，估算6.

adj.看得見(jiàn)的7.

n.癥狀；征兆，癥候containfactorrarewidespreadestimatevisiblesymptom8.

vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏9.

vt.造成，引起，產(chǎn)生(問(wèn)題、危險(xiǎn)、困難等) n.(為畫像、拍照等而擺的)姿勢(shì)，姿態(tài)10.

adj.實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的11.

adj.徹底的，全面的，詳盡的12.

n.(文章的)段，段落13.

n.針14.

n.(襲擊事件、搶劫事件或兇殺案的)受害者buryposeactualthoroughparagraphneedlevictimⅢ.拓展單詞1.

vt.將……分類；把……歸入一類→

adj.分類的；機(jī)密的→

n.歸類，分類，分級(jí)2.

adv.穩(wěn)定地→

adj.穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)固的→

adj.不穩(wěn)定的classifyclassifiedclassificationsteadilysteadyunsteady3.

adj.系統(tǒng)化的，有條理的→

n.系統(tǒng)，體系，制度4.

adj.相應(yīng)的；對(duì)應(yīng)的→

vi.相一致；符合；類似于→

n.一致；相似；相關(guān)；通信；信件5.

vt.確定，發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出，識(shí)別→

n.確定，發(fā)現(xiàn)；鑒定；辨認(rèn)systematicsystemcorrespondingcorrespondcorrespondenceidentifyidentificationⅣ.拔高詞匯1.

adj.喜怒無(wú)常的，情緒多變的2.chore n.___________________3.

vt.比……更重要；比……更有價(jià)值4.envision vt.____________5.

n.居民moody家庭雜務(wù)；日?，嵤耾utweigh想象；展望inhabitantⅤ.核心短語(yǔ)1.beclassifiedas _________2.onrecord _____________________3.upto ____________4.inthecourseof _________________________5.resultin _____被歸類為有記載的，記錄在案的多達(dá)；直到在……期間，在……過(guò)程中導(dǎo)致Ⅰ.詞形變化填空1.Hopingtocalmour

，wedecidedtospendtheafternoonatthelake.However，theideaoftakingthesameboatwiththebossmademe

.(nerve)2.Ididn’texpecttoreceive

frommywife，butthistimeshewas

tomyproposalsomehow.(oppose)3.Becauseoftheeconomic

，myfathergotmuchlesssalariesthanbefore，andwewereall

atthe

news.(depress)語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用nervesnervousoppositionopposeddepressiondepresseddepressing4.

warminghascausedgreatconcernandweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthe

.(globe)5.Hemade

progressinhisstudyafterheworkeddayandnight

fornearlyafewmonths.(steady)GlobalglobesteadysteadilyⅡ.選詞填空1.

thefirsttwochaptersiswhatIwilldotoday.2.Keepinmindthatwewillbedisqualifiedfromdrivingfor

threeyears.3.Youcanrelyonhimto

somegoodsuggestionsonhowtosolveyourproblem.beclassifiedas，upto，getthrough，resultin，comeupwithGettingthroughuptocomeupwith4.Asyouknow，Englishasalanguagecan

BritishorAmerican.5.Lastyearthebreakdownofhishealth

hisabandoninghisplantotravelallovertheglobe.beclassifiedas，upto，getthrough，resultin，comeupwithbeclassifiedasresultedinⅢ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫1.自來(lái)水還流著，我父親就離開了家。(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

，myfatherleftthehouse.2.我從五歲起就一直學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，這讓我很容易與英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)者自由交流。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincefive，___________________________________________withnativeEnglishspeakersfreely.Withthetapwaterrunningmakingiteasyformetocommunicate3.雜交水稻之父袁隆平被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)最偉大的科學(xué)家之一。(sbbebelievedtobe...)YuanLongping，fatherofhybridrice，_____________________________________________________.isbelievedtobeoneofthegreatestscientistsinChinaInthecurrentera，whatpeopledohurtsnotonly1.

(they)butalsoanimals，suchassomecamels，cattle，apesandgoats.In2.

(compare)withwidespreadtraditionalofflinemedicalcare，remotemedicalcareismorecrucial,3.

canbreakthebarriersoftimeandspace，andprovidethebestdoctorsandtheaccuratetreatmentforpatients.Butsomeillegalorganizations,4.

(whole)ignoringtheethicalprinciples，areburiedineditingsomefalseadvertisementsartificiallyandabusingnetwork，providingsomefalsecluesforpatients.themselvescomparisonwhichwhollyItisbound5.

(lead)topermanenthurttopatients，whichwillprovokeangryemotionsandmust6.

(forbid)forever.Tomakematters7.

(bad)，itisestimatedthatsomerareanimalsaredisappearing.Therearemanyfactorsfortheirdisappearance，andtheycanberoughlyclassifiedintotwocategories，partlybecausetheyhavenocapabilitytoadapttotheenvironment,8.

partlybecauseofhumanactivities，whichposeathreattotheirhabitats.toleadbeforbiddenworseandItis9.

(depress)thatsomepeoplekillanimalsbecausetheyattributetheoutbreakofsomediseasestothevirusestheseanimalscarry.Fortunately，mostpeopleareopposed10.

thispracticeandcallforeffortstodevelopthoroughandsystematicmeasurestoprotectanimalsontheglobe.返回depressingto><第二部分核心考點(diǎn)突破提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯?undertreatment在治療中?treat...as...把……看作……；把……視為……treatsbtosth用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人treatsbwith...以……方式對(duì)待某人n.治療；處理；待遇(treatn.樂(lè)事；款待vt.對(duì)待；治療；請(qǐng)客)treatment1(1)BecauseIwasunder

(treat)，mymotherwasstronglyopposedtomyfathertreatingme

junkfood.treatmentto(2)通過(guò)社區(qū)服務(wù)，我完全意識(shí)到，我們不僅要以尊重的方式對(duì)待無(wú)家可歸的人，而且應(yīng)該把他們看作平等的人。(2022·浙江6月，讀后續(xù)寫)Throughthecommunityservice，Iwhollyrealizedthatnotonly_______

butwealso_______________

.shouldwetreatthehomelesspeoplewithrespectshouldtreatthemasequalsoulsadj.肯定會(huì)，很有可能；受束縛的，受約束的；有義務(wù)的vi.跳躍，跳躍著前進(jìn)；形成界限bound2beboundtodo...肯定會(huì)……；有責(zé)任或義務(wù)做……beboundfor...準(zhǔn)備前往……(1)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)我相信，只有你全身心投入到比賽中，你才一定會(huì)成功。Iamconvincedthatonlyifyouaredevotedtothecompetition_________

.areyouboundtosucceed(2)在一個(gè)寒冷的日子里，告別了父母，我登上了一艘開往大西洋的巨輪。Onabittercoldday，aftersayinggoodbyetomyparents，Iwentaboardamassiveship

AtlanticOcean.(whichwas)boundforvt.分類，歸類(classifiedadj.分類的；機(jī)密的

classificationn.分類，類別)3classifyo...把……分為……classifysb/sthassth把……劃分為/界定為……(1)Epidemicsfallintodifferent

(classify)accordingtothewaytheyarespread.classifications(2)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)有人建議，當(dāng)我們背誦單詞時(shí)，應(yīng)該把它們分成不同的類別。例如，有些詞可以歸類為與體育有關(guān)的詞。Itissuggestedthatwords________________________________________whenwelearnthembyheart.Forinstance，somewords________________sports-relatedwords.(should)beclassifiedintodifferentcategoriescanbeclassifiedasadj.相反的；對(duì)立的(opposevt.反對(duì)；抵制；阻撓oppositeadj.對(duì)面的；相反的oppositionn.反對(duì))opposed(1)Igotaseat

(oppose)amiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes，whokeptwatchingayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.(2021·北京)4?beopposedto(doing)sth反對(duì)(做)某事?oppose(doing)sth反對(duì)(做)某事opposesb/sb’sdoingsth反對(duì)某人做某事opposite(2)Tobehonest，moststudentsoppose

(group)studentsrandomlyfortheupcomingoralpracticesessions.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)→Tobehonest，moststudents____________________________________fortheupcomingoralpracticesessions.(3)我強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)大衛(wèi)放棄越野跑。他緊緊地閉上眼睛，思索著我的反對(duì)。(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Istronglyopposed

thecross-countryrun.Heclosedhiseyestightly,ponderingon

.groupingareopposedtogroupingstudentsrandomlyDavid/David’sgivingupmyopposition(4)(讀后續(xù)寫之悲傷心理描寫)Becauseallofmyfriendswereopposedtomyplan，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.→

，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.(用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)→

，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.(用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)WithallofmyfriendsopposedtomyplanAllofmyfriendsopposedtomyplanburybury...in...把……埋到……；使……沉浸于……buryoneselfin(doing)...埋頭于/專心于……beburiedin專心于buryone’sfaceinone’shands雙手掩面5vt.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆蓋；掩藏(1)(讀后續(xù)寫之動(dòng)作鏈描寫)他一屁股坐地上，雙手掩面，開始傷心地哭起來(lái)。Hefloppeddownontheground，

andbegantoweepsadly.buriedhisfaceinhishands(2)我每天專心讀英文報(bào)Youth并獲得了豐富多彩的知識(shí)。(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)①I___________________________________________________________

andhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.②____________________________________________________________

，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(用分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)burymyselfin/amburiedinreadingtheEnglishnewspaperYoutheverydayBuryingmyselfin/BuriedinreadingtheEnglishnewspaperYoutheverydayvt.懷疑

n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子(suspicionn.懷疑；疑心suspiciousadj.懷疑的；可疑的)suspect6?suspectsbof(doing)sth懷疑某人(做)某事suspectsbtobe/as...懷疑某人是……?besuspiciousof/about...對(duì)……懷疑(1)(讀后續(xù)寫之悲傷心理描寫)Hesuspectedmeof

(steal)theoldwoman’sgoldringandevenmybestfriendwas

(suspect)aboutmypersonalqualities，soIburiedmyfaceinmyhands，sobbinguncontrollably.stealingsuspicious(2)那個(gè)陌生人被懷疑是間諜，正在接受警方的審問(wèn)。

，thestrangerisbeingquestionedbythepolice.(3)我們認(rèn)為那個(gè)受傷的參賽者可能跑不完馬拉松，但實(shí)際上他憑著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志成功了。

，butactuallyhemadeitwithstrongwillpower.用法點(diǎn)撥與suspectsbofsth結(jié)構(gòu)相同的短語(yǔ)還有：informsbofsth通知某人某事；remindsbofsth提醒某人某事；robsbofsth搶劫某人某物；accusesbofsth控告某人某事；warnsbofsth警告某人某事。Suspectedtobe/asaspyWesuspectedthattheinjuredparticipantmaynotfinishthemarathon?本句中不定式短語(yǔ)tohavebeencloned作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾thefirst-everprimates。

當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，常用不定式(短語(yǔ))作后置定語(yǔ)。?英語(yǔ)中常用不定式(短語(yǔ))作后置定語(yǔ)的情況：①被修飾詞為序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)；②被修

飾詞前有theonly，thevery，thenext等詞對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾時(shí)；③不定代詞

something，nothing，little等后；④抽象名詞time，way，reason，chance，

ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后。Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes，monkeys，andhumans)tohavebeencloned！它們是有史以來(lái)首次被克隆的靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物(哺乳動(dòng)物的一個(gè)類別，包括猿、猴子和人類)!the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋todo...7(1)ThoughDavidwasthelastparticipant

(cross)thefinishingline，hewonallofouradmirationandcheers.(2)(讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華)事實(shí)上，我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪卸加兄档酶屑さ氖虑椋袝r(shí)我們只是沒(méi)有意識(shí)到。Asamatteroffact，weallhavesomething

inourdailylife，butsometimeswejustdon’trealizeit.tocrosstobegratefulfor(3)約翰是第一個(gè)想到做爆米花幫助伯納德掙外快的人。他相信他有能力幫助伯納德走出困境。(2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Johnwas

tohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.Hewasconvincedthathe____________________Bernardoutofthedifficulty.(4)(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請(qǐng)信)我能說(shuō)一口流利的英語(yǔ)，而且我是班上唯一出國(guó)深造的學(xué)生。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)我是負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIam________________________________

forfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIam_______________

.thefirstpersontothinkofmakingpopcornhadtheabilitytohelptheonlystudentinmyclasstogoabroadthebestpersontoberesponsibleforthejob此句中的makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示意料、情理之中的結(jié)果；另外，動(dòng)詞不定式也可作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，常與only，just等詞連用。Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea’spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.科學(xué)家們現(xiàn)在估計(jì)，該地區(qū)多達(dá)50%的人口死于這種流行病，使其成為羅馬帝國(guó)衰落的主要原因之一。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)8(1)(應(yīng)用文寫作之自薦信)Firstofall，IspeakfluentEnglish.Itpermitsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.→Firstofall，IspeakfluentEnglish，________________________________________________________.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)(2)(讀后續(xù)寫之片段描寫)簡(jiǎn)氣呼呼地走進(jìn)森林，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己認(rèn)不清方向。更糟糕的是，天突然下起了大雨，使她更難找到離開這片陌生森林的路。Janestampedherfeetintotheforestangrily，

shecouldn’tidentifydirection.Worsestill，itrainedheavilysuddenly，

.permittingmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficultyonlytofindthatmakingitmoredifficulttofindherwayoutoftheunfamiliarforest句中的“sb/sthbe＋過(guò)去分詞＋todo...”可與“Itis＋過(guò)去分詞＋that...”這個(gè)句型相互轉(zhuǎn)換，根據(jù)具體情況，不定式可用一般式、進(jìn)行式或完成式。Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostsevereepidemicinhistory.在18個(gè)月內(nèi)造成5000萬(wàn)人死亡之后，西班牙流感被認(rèn)為是歷史上最嚴(yán)重的流行病。sb/sthbe＋過(guò)去分詞＋todo...9(1)ThomasEdisonwasconsidered

(invent)thebulb，whichbenefitspeoplegreatly.tohaveinvented(2)Hisdaughterissaid

(study)lawatuniversityandwillgraduatein2025.

→_____________________________________________________________________________(用it作形式主語(yǔ)改寫)(3)他被公認(rèn)為是世界上最偉大的物理學(xué)家之一。①He

oneoftheworld’sgreatestphysicists.②

heisoneoftheworld’sgreatestphysicists.返回tobestudyingItissaidthathisdaughterisstudyinglawatuniversityandwillgraduatein2025.isacknowledgedas/tobeItisacknowledgedthat><第三部分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)達(dá)標(biāo)提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1.nerve(1)Iwasgoingtohaveagoatparachutingbutlostmynerveatthelastminute.

(2)Withtheencouragementandcomfort，Ifinallynervedmyselftobravelyfacethebarrier.

(3)Once，whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(橫桿)，Ifellontothestones，damaginganerveinmyhand.(2021·全國(guó)甲)

A.n.神經(jīng)B.n.勇氣C.vt.鼓足勇氣____________BAC2.pose(1)Adultsareportrayed(描繪)aloneinmanysettingsandposes. (2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)(2)Pollutionposesathreattotheexistenceofthisspecies.

(3)WhenIfinallyposedthequestion，“Why？”hemerelyshrugged.

(4)HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow？ (2020·天津)A.n.(為畫像、拍照等擺的)姿勢(shì)B.vi.擺好姿勢(shì)C.vt.造成(威脅、問(wèn)題等)

D.vt.提出；質(zhì)詢________________ADCB3.快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加顏色詞匯的意思(1)Learningthathewasappointedasheadoftheteam，hecouldn’tcontainhisexcitementanddancedintothehouse._________________(2)Wecannotcalculateonhishelpbecauseheisnotreliable.

_____(3)Wesampledaselectionofdifferentbottledwaters.

_____(4)IgotupearlytocatchthetrainthatwasboundforShanghai._____(5)Asyouknow，IburymyselfinbooksattheschoolIamsofamiliarwith.