新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)完形填空滿分攻略考點(diǎn)5 生活常識(shí)和文化背景 練考點(diǎn) 熟能生巧（教師版）

考點(diǎn)5生活常識(shí)和文化背景--練考點(diǎn)--熟能生巧練高考--心中有數(shù)1.【2022·新高考I卷】Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere____32____,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Weweresafe.32.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly32.D考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們無(wú)助地坐在那里時(shí)，一個(gè)漁夫停了下來(lái)，扔給我們一根繩子并把我們拖了回來(lái)。A.patiently耐心地；B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.doubtfully懷疑地；D.helplessly無(wú)助地。根據(jù)上文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此處指在天氣惡劣的情況下船無(wú)法啟動(dòng)了，作者與家人十分無(wú)助地坐著。故選D。2.【2022·新高考I卷】The___29___pickedupandthunderrolled.29.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed29.A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：狂風(fēng)大作，雷聲隆隆。A.wind風(fēng)；B.noise噪音；C.temperature溫度；D.speed速度。根據(jù)上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知，此處指大風(fēng)刮了起來(lái)。故選A。3.【2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ】Likemanyyoungpeople,Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem,this25-year-oldisdoingitfull-time.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.Itmightsoundlikeonelong,expensive___22___,butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravelaffordable.22．A．game B．service C．vacation D．procedure22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這聽起來(lái)像是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而昂貴的假期，但這對(duì)夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負(fù)擔(dān)得起。A.game游戲；B.service服務(wù)；C.vacation假期；D.procedure手續(xù)。結(jié)合上文可知Jessica在環(huán)球旅行，所以是假期。故選C?！咎崾尽?5歲進(jìn)行為期2年的旅行，根據(jù)常識(shí)應(yīng)該是度假。不然25歲的年輕人要工作。4.【2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ】They’repartofanewformofthesharingeconomy:anonlinegroupofhousesitters.Throughouttheirno-coststaysinstrangers’homes,theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthehomeowner’s___26___.26．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．a(chǎn)bsence26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們免費(fèi)住在陌生人家里的過(guò)程中，他們會(huì)在房主不在的時(shí)候喂寵物、給植物澆水。A.favor幫助；B.defense防御；C.honor榮譽(yù)；D.absence缺席。根據(jù)上文“theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthehomeowner’s”指在房主不在的時(shí)候喂寵物、給植物澆水。故選D?！咎崾尽扛鶕?jù)常識(shí)，只有主人不在家時(shí)，才能給他們澆花、為寵物。故選absence。5.【2022·全國(guó)甲卷】Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.Their___41___wasnearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbay.41.A.ownership B.membership C.companionship D.leadership41.C它們的陪伴幾乎足以讓我遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。A.ownership所有權(quán)；B.membership會(huì)員；C.companionship陪伴；D.leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。根據(jù)上文中的“Formanyyears,Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs,TillyandChance.多年來(lái)，我喜歡和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起，可知，狗狗陪伴著作者，讓作者遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)。故選C?！咎崾尽筐B(yǎng)狗作伴遠(yuǎn)離孤獨(dú)是常識(shí)。6.【2021·全國(guó)新高考I卷】Mylifeasatax-payingemployedpersonbeganinmiddleschool,when,forthreewholedays,Iworkedinabakingfactory.MybestfriendBetsy’sfatherwasamanageratHoughBakeries,which,atEastertime,madelittlebunny(兔子)cakesforallits42throughoutCleveland.42．A．stores B．families C．schools D．citizens【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父親是霍夫面包店的經(jīng)理，在復(fù)活節(jié)期間，這家面包店為克利夫蘭所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A.stores商店；B.families家庭；C.schools學(xué)校；D.citizens市民。根據(jù)“throughoutCleveland”結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，可知這里指的是這家面包店為克利夫蘭所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故選A。7.【2021·全國(guó)新高考I卷】Dad53.Thesonofagrocer,he’dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBenardsville,NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework,hetoldme.53．A．cried B．smiled C．hesitated D．refused【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：父親笑了。A.cried哭了；B.smiled微笑；C.hesitated猶豫；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)“Thesonofagrocer,he'dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBemardsville,NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework,hetoldme.”結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，可知父親看到我在第一次掙錢的經(jīng)歷中有所感悟和收獲，聯(lián)想到自己童年時(shí)類似的經(jīng)歷，父親會(huì)心的笑了。故選B。8.【2021·全國(guó)新高考I卷】Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyou55thedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework,hetoldme.55．A．withdraw B．donate C．receive D．a(chǎn)ppreciate【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他告訴我，這種工作能讓你感激得到的報(bào)酬，并尊重那些從事這項(xiàng)工作的人。A.withdraw撤退；B.donate捐贈(zèng)；C.receive收到；D.appreciate欣賞。根據(jù)“thedollarsyouearned”結(jié)合生活常識(shí)，可知孩子們會(huì)感激并且非常珍惜自己勞動(dòng)得到的報(bào)酬。故選D。9.【2021·英語(yǔ)全國(guó)甲卷】It'stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada.Burchillwas21atthehotelonbusinessandplanningtovisitsomefriendsinthearea.21．A．studying B．staying C．looking D．packing【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Burchill出差，當(dāng)時(shí)正在酒店收拾行李，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥选.studying研究；B.staying停留；C.looking看；D.packing包裝。根據(jù)“Burchillwas21atthehotelonbusinessandplanningtovisitsomefriendsinthearea.”及生活常識(shí)可知，Burchill出差住在酒店，準(zhǔn)備去拜訪當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┡笥?，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故選D。10.【2021·英語(yǔ)全國(guó)甲卷】Theseagullsimmediatelywentwild.Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto33atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.Thecurtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown,Itwasarealmess.33．A．wakeup B．getout C．takeoff D．breakin【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：它們沖到窗口，30或40只鳥都想同時(shí)出去，到處都是意大利香腸。A.wakeup醒來(lái)；B.getout出去；C.takeoff起飛；D.breakin闖入。根據(jù)“Theyrushedtothewindow”及生活常識(shí)可知，鳥看到人類很害怕，想同時(shí)從窗戶逃出去。故選B。11.【2021·英語(yǔ)全國(guó)甲卷】Olderandwisernow,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion(莽撞).“IhavematuredandIadmitresponsibilityofmyactions,”hesaidintheletter.“Icometoyou,37,toapologizeforthe-damageIhadindirectlycausedandtoaskyoutoreconsidermylifetimebanfromthehotel.”37．A．handsinpocket B．noseintheair C．hatinhand D．feetontheground【答案】C【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我來(lái)找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請(qǐng)求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A.handsinpocket手放在口袋里；B.noseintheair目中無(wú)人；C.hatinhand畢恭畢敬地；D.feetontheground腳踏實(shí)地。根據(jù)“toapologizeforthe-damageIhadindirectlycausedandtoaskyoutoreconsidermylifetimebanfromthehotel.”及生活常識(shí)可知，向別人道歉，應(yīng)該表明自己是畢恭畢敬地。故選C。12.【2021年1月浙江高考】Butonthelastnightwewerecaughtinathunderstorm.Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent.Thetemperaturewascloseto31.Ihadtospendtherestofthenighttremblingintheonlydrypartofmytent.31．A．boiling B．a(chǎn)verage C．normal D．freezing【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：溫度接近零度。A.boiling煮沸的的；B.average平均的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing冰凍的。根據(jù)下文“trembling”得知溫度很低。故選D。13.【2020·海南卷】Pullinguptothebuilding,Grantsawflames（火焰）shootingoutofasecond-floorwindow.NotseeingorhearinganyfireenginesapproachingGrantrushedtoasideentranceandranupthestairs.Onthesecondfloor,he45everyapartmentdoor."Getout!"Grantshouted,Noonerespondedandheassumedthatpeoplehadalreadyescaped.45.A.lockedB.kickedC.countedD.repaired【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在二樓，他踢了每個(gè)公寓的門。A.locked鎖；B.kicked踢；C.counted計(jì)算；D.repaired修。根據(jù)上文可知，大樓著火了。格蘭特沖上樓去救火，所以踢門符合題意，是為了看里面是否有人。故選B。14.【2020·山東省高考英語(yǔ)試卷（新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)】Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe29departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.29．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance【答案】C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他向森林部門求助，但被告知那里什么也不長(zhǎng)。A.labor勞動(dòng)；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance財(cái)政，金融。根據(jù)前一句中的”Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知，Molai想要種樹，所以他應(yīng)該向”森林”部門求助。故選C。15.【2020·浙江卷】Lambandmotherreunited,Iturnedbacktothetractoronlytoseeitmovesuddenlyawayfromme.ThiswassounexpectedbecauseIhadputthehandbrakeonwhenIjumpedout.ObviouslyDonhadsomehowmadethe42move.42．A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，Don以某種方式使車子動(dòng)了起來(lái)。A.lamb小羊；B.vehicle車輛；C.seat座位；D.fence柵欄。根據(jù)Iturnedbacktothetractoronlytoseeitmovesuddenlyawayfromme.可知我轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身去看拖拉機(jī)，卻看見它突然離開了我。所以這里指的是Don開走了我的車。故選B。16.【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)II】ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.“Nicolo,”whoserealnamecannotbe41tothepublicbecauseofItaly’sprivacylaws,finishedworkingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.41．A．a(chǎn)ttached B．a(chǎn)llocated C．exposed D．submitted【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工廠的工作，他的真實(shí)名字因意大利的隱私法不能暴露給公眾。A.attached參加；B.allocated分配；C.exposed暴露；D.submitted上交。根據(jù)下文的becauseofItaly'sprivacy可知此處用beexposedto“暴露”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。17.【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)III】They’llhaveouthalfthe45intheshop,andwanttheonlystyleyoudon’thaveleftinaparticularcolour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethem（售貨員）tokeepsmiling.45.A.foods B.catalogues C.belongings D.goods【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會(huì)試用商店里一半的商品，只想要一種你沒有那種特別顏色的存貨。A.foods食物；B.catalogues目錄；C.belongings所有物；D.goods商品。結(jié)合后文intheshops可知此處指的是商店里的商品。其它選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。18.【2019·全國(guó)II】Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimal（thedog）tohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith___49___.It（thedog）juststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers’face.49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)空格前面的Nervousnessandfearwerereplaced緊張不安和恐懼被取代了，以及后面的Itjuststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers’face這條狗添著Ehlers的臉，因此說(shuō)明它感到了快樂。hesitation猶豫；anxiety焦慮。19.【2018·全國(guó)II】Twoweeksearlier.myson.Ben,hadgotintouch,he’dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI’dlastseenhim.Soimaginemy___42___whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.42.A.delight B.relief C.anger D.worry【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上下文可知，13年沒有見到自己的兒子，突然收到兒子的電子郵件，并且說(shuō)要來(lái)看自己。由此可以推知，我很快樂、開心。A.delight高興，愉快；B.relief(痛苦、憂慮等的)解除，減輕；C.anger怒，忿怒；D.worry擔(dān)心。故選A。20.【2019·全國(guó)卷III】Ofcourse,wenoticeitwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown’stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis___43___,butdowninthevalleyit’sdarker—it’slikeonacloudyday.”43.A.empty B.blue C.high D.wide【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.empty空的；B.blue藍(lán)色的；C.high搞得；D.wide寬的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，有太陽(yáng)的時(shí)候，天空是藍(lán)色的，故選B。21.【2019·全國(guó)卷III】Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthatdirectsthemtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe___50___andtocloseduringwindyweather.50.A.day B.night C.month D.year【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.day白天；B.night夜晚；C.month月；D.year年。根據(jù)文章可知，太陽(yáng)光出現(xiàn)在白天，故選A。練模擬--熟能生巧I.微型完形填空1.【2022屆江蘇省海安高級(jí)中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期5月階段檢測(cè)】15yearsago,whenIwasplayingbasketballinoneofAustralia’spremierbasketballleagues,Irememberasportspsychologistwehadfortheseason.Asyoungprofessionalathleteswithhighegos(自我價(jià)值感),theteamwerenotquiteconvincedthetechniquesofpsychologywouldimprove

performance,especiallywhenitdidn’tinvolveusingthephysicalstrengthandenduranceneededto__22__theweeksoftrainingandgames.I,ontheotherhand,wasinterested.22．A．compensatefor B．preparefor C．toughout D．showup22．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：作為一群年輕又自視甚高的職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，大家都不太相信心理技術(shù)可以提高成績(jī)，特別是當(dāng)它不需要?jiǎng)佑蒙眢w力量和耐力來(lái)挺過(guò)數(shù)周的訓(xùn)練和比賽時(shí)。A.compensatefor補(bǔ)償；B.preparefor為……準(zhǔn)備；C.toughout挺過(guò)去，生活艱難；D.showup露面。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，日復(fù)一日的訓(xùn)練和打比賽需要強(qiáng)大的體力和耐力才能支撐下來(lái)，然而文中的心理學(xué)家讓這些隊(duì)員們使用心理學(xué)的辦法來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)。toughout意為“勇敢地承受，挺過(guò)去”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。2.【江蘇南通如皋中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三5月模擬】Hehasbeenworkingstraightfordays.Everyday,hearrivesattheworkstationat7:30inthemorningandbegins____23____,sorting,checkingaddressesandloadinggoodsontohisthree-wheeledmotorcycle.Afterthat,hebeginshisshiftofroughly10hours.23．A．disturbing B．complaining C．reading D．unloading23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每天早上7點(diǎn)半到工位，開始卸貨、分類、核對(duì)地址，把貨物裝上三輪摩托車。A.disturbing打擾；B.complaining抱怨；C.reading閱讀；D.unloading卸載。根據(jù)下文“sorting,checkingaddressesandloadinggoodsontohisthree-wheeledmotorcycle”及常識(shí)可知，快遞員會(huì)先卸載貨物，然后分類、核對(duì)、進(jìn)行派送。故選D。3.【江蘇南通如皋中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三5月模擬】“Idelivergoodstoaround80householdseachdayduringthecoronavirusoutbreak,about20percentlessthanaveragebecausealargeportionofmigrantworkersarestill____26____intheirhometowns.”26．A．hired B．monitored C．observed D．stuck26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在冠狀病毒爆發(fā)期間，我每天給大約80戶家庭送貨，比平均水平低約20%，因?yàn)榇蟛糠洲r(nóng)民工仍被困在家鄉(xiāng)。A.hired雇傭；B.monitored監(jiān)控；C.observed觀察；D.stuck卡住。根據(jù)上文“duringthecoronavirusoutbreak”及常識(shí)可知，由于疫情，很多人可能被封控在了家鄉(xiāng)。故選D。4.【江蘇省海安市2021-2022學(xué)年高三年級(jí)上學(xué)期期中】Finkelinventedauniquenameforeverypieceinthepalaceset.ThenshespentcountlesshourstypingbuildinginstructionsinBraille(盲文)thatspelledouthowto24themalltogether.24．A．fit B．fix C．mix D．gather【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她花了無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)小時(shí)用盲文輸入拼裝說(shuō)明，用來(lái)解釋如何將它們拼裝在一起。A.fit適合；B.fix安裝；C.mix混合；D.gather聚集。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，有了盲文的拼裝說(shuō)明盲人才知道如何將這些積木安裝在一起。故選B。5.【2022屆江蘇省南通市新高考基地學(xué)校高三第四次大聯(lián)考】JustthenIheardthemanatthemachinenexttominecomplaining.Heonlyhadafewitemsbuteverytimeheputhis____29____twentydollarbillintothemachineitspititbackout.Iquicklygrabbedanewertwentyoutofmywalletandgaveittohim.Hethankedmewithawarmsmile.29．A．frozen B．folded C．broken D．wrinkled29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他只有幾樣?xùn)|西，但每次他把那張皺巴巴的20美元鈔票放進(jìn)機(jī)器里，機(jī)器就把鈔票吐出來(lái)。A.frozen結(jié)冰的；B.folded折疊的；C.broken破碎的；D.wrinkled有皺紋的。由第12空后的“hisoldtwenty”和常識(shí)可知，塞進(jìn)自助結(jié)帳機(jī)的錢如果是皺的，它就會(huì)把錢吐出來(lái)。故選D。6.【2022屆江蘇省如東高級(jí)中學(xué)、姜堰中學(xué)、沭陽(yáng)高級(jí)中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期4月份階段性測(cè)試聯(lián)考】ButmyjawdroppedtothefloorwhenIfoundMrs.Hutfilz,myEnglishteacher,wearingthesamedressasIdid.Ikeptmyheaddownandtiptoedtomyseat,butthefirstdaymeant____46____infrontoftheclass,andsoonenoughitwasmyturn.Imadeitthroughmyminutespeech,untilHutfilzstoodup,jokinglyaddingshelikedmystyle.46．A．introductions B．performances C．lectures D．debates46．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直低著頭，躡手躡腳地走到座位上，但第一天意味著要在全班同學(xué)面前做自我介紹，很快就輪到我了。A.introductions介紹；B.performances表現(xiàn)；C.lectures演講；D.debates辯論。根據(jù)上文“butthefirstdaymeant”以及常識(shí)，上學(xué)第一天要做自我介紹。故選A。7.【江蘇省徐州市第七中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期4月學(xué)情調(diào)研】ShestartedpumpingSimmons's___33___withherinterlockedfingersandbreathingintoherfriend'smouthinhopesoffillingherlungswiththekissoflife.Andthen,Simmonsbegancoughingandgaspingforair.TheCPRhadworked!33．A．stomach B．chest C．back D．leg33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她開始用交叉的手指按壓西蒙斯的胸部，并向她朋友的嘴里呼吸，希望能讓她的肺里充滿生命之吻。A.stomach胃；B.chest胸部；C.back后背；D.leg腿。由“pumpingSimmons's_____withherinterlockedfingers”及常識(shí)可知，CPR是用交叉的手指按壓病人的胸部，即心臟所在的位置，故選B。8.【2022屆江蘇省南京市、鹽城市高三第二次模擬】Iwasthekidthattriednevertocomplain.Iwasokaywithenduringasix-hourdriveina(n)smallcarwithmykneestomychest.Iwasokaywitheatingburntorundercookedfood.Butthisallergyfinallyletmefeel_____50_____saying“no”.Ifinallyfeltfreetorefusetogoplacesordothingswheremyallergieswouldactup.50．A．comfortable B．proud C．a(chǎn)wkward D．a(chǎn)shamed50．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但過(guò)敏終于讓我放心地說(shuō)“不”了。A.comfortable舒適的；B.proud驕傲的，自豪的；C.awkward尷尬的，笨拙的；D.ashamed羞愧的。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，用自己的過(guò)敏來(lái)拒絕別人不會(huì)讓作者感到不舒服。故選A。9.【2022屆江蘇省南京市、鹽城市高三第二次模擬】Yes,myhayallergy_____53_____someactivities,butit’salsogivenmeabroaderappreciationforexperiencesIactuallylikeandwantmoreof.I’mgratefultobegettingadoginsteadofabunny.Let’sbehonest,abunnybringsyoumoretrouble.53．A．ignores B．offers C．covers D．limits53．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：是的，我的干草過(guò)敏限制了我的一些活動(dòng)，但它也讓我更廣泛地欣賞我真正喜歡和想要的體驗(yàn)。A.ignores忽略；B.offers提供，主動(dòng)提出；C.covers覆蓋，支付，報(bào)道；D.limits限制。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，呼應(yīng)下文broader，此處指過(guò)敏限制了作者的活動(dòng)。故選D。10.【福建省福州市八縣（市、區(qū)）一中2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考】Mydadchosea16-milesectionoftheroadforustoride.PartofitincludedanoldtunnelcalledSidelingHillwhichisoveramilelong!To45,wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourlightshadbatteries.Inthemorning,weloadedourbikesintothecarandsetoff.45．A．prepare B．register C．cooperate D．participate【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了做好準(zhǔn)備，我們檢查了車胎，并確保車燈里裝了電池。A.prepare準(zhǔn)備；B.register登記；C.cooperate合作；D.participate參與。根據(jù)后文“wecheckedourtiresandmadesureourlightshadbatteries.”說(shuō)作者和父親檢查了車胎，并確保車燈里裝了電池，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，這些都是公路探險(xiǎn)前的準(zhǔn)備工作，故選A。II.完形填空【2022屆江蘇省蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市高三教學(xué)情況調(diào)查（一）】TheLastRobot-ProofJobinAmerica?Youcangetmostfood,suchaswarmcookiesorvodka,toyourdoorstepinminutes.Buttrygettingaredsnapper(紅鯛魚).Untilrecently,ifyoucouldobtainit,itwouldlikelyhavebeenpre-frozenandshippedinfromoverseas.Anewtechstartupisaimingto______1______thissituation.BasedinsidetheFultonFishMarket,aseafoodwholesalemarket,thestartup,calledFultonFishM,allowscustomersacrossthewholecountry,bothrestaurantsandindividuals,tobuyfromthemarket.Thefishisshipped______2______,ratherthanfrozen,thankstoanAmazonadvancedlogisticssystem.MikeSpindler,thecompany’sC．E.O.,saidrecently,“IcangetafishtoWarrenBuffett,that’sasfreshasifhe’dwalkeddowntothepier(碼頭)andboughtitthatmorning.”Thereisonething,______3______,thatthesophisticatedlogisticssystemcannotdo:pickoutafish.IfWarrenBuffettordersaredsnapper,thecompanyneedsto______4______thathisfishisactuallyredsnapper,andnotsomeother.Accordingtotheocean-conservationorganization,morethan20%oftheseafoodinrestaurantsandgrocerystoresinAmericais_____5_____.Forthistask,thecompanyhasemployedRobertDiGregorio,aforty-seven-yearveteranofthebusiness,whopossessesablendofjudgementand_____6_____knowledgethat,sofar,computershaveyettoreplicate.“_____7_____thefood-safetystuff,ourbusinesscouldbeanymarketfromthelastthreethousandyearsofhumanhistory,”Spindlertoldme.Heisexperiencedinthe_____8_____business.Whenhearrivedatthefishmarketin2014,peoplewerecautious.“TheythoughtsellingfishontheInternetwas_____9_____.”DiGregoriosaid,speakingforthefishmongers(魚販).“Theydidn’tseehowitcouldpossiblywork.”Fiveyearsago,DeGregoriodidn’tknowhowtouseacomputer,butwhentheWeb-sitepeoplearrivedatthemarket,hesensedanopportunity.Together,they’vecreatedahuman-machinefish-buyingoperation.By1a.m.eachnight,thecompanycollects_____10_____fromaroundthecountryandsendsthemtoDiGregorio.Heheadsintothemarket,carryinghistabletcomputer.Thecompany’salgorithms（算法）_____11_____dataontheirsourcesandcantellDiGregorio,forexample,whichstalltogotogetthebesttuna(金槍魚).Thecomputerisa“l(fā)earningsystem,”,soifDiGregoriomakesachoiceitdidn’t_____12_____,itasks,“Wasthefishnotavailable?Wasitdamaged?”Allthatinformationisfedbackinfornexttime.Then,whatcanafishmongerseethatacomputercan’t?DeGregorioshowedmehispartofthe_____13_____process.“I’massessingafewthings,”hesaid.First,_____14_____.Fishshouldhave“nice”slime(粘液).Then,smell.Hesniffedtheairabovethebox.“whenfishgoesbad,itsmellslikeammonia.”Besides,togetthebeststuff,“Fishmongershavetohavearelationshipwithyou.Totrustyou.”Headded.Isheever_____15_____beingreplacedbythelearningsystemofcomputers?DiGregorioshrugged.“BythetimetheyinventacomputerthatcandowhatIcando,”hesaid,“I’llbedead.”1．A．maintain B．remedy C．substitute D．recognize2．A．free B．overseas C．separate D．fresh3．A．therefore B．otherwise C．however D．thus4．A．ensure B．propose C．concede D．remind5．A．overpriced B．misidentified C．displaced D．modified6．A．computer B．cuisine C．fish D．marketing7．A．Ratherthan B．Thanksto C．Exceptfor D．Priorto8．A．fund-raising B．online-grocery C．fish-selling D．non-profit9．A．significant B．worthy C．responsible D．ridiculous10．A．sales B．orders C．a(chǎn)lternatives D．statistics11．A．a(chǎn)nalyze B．supply C．prioritize D．feed12．A．require B．process C．predict D．value13．A．calculation B．decoding C．correction D．selection14．A．smash B．touch C．wipe D．roll15．A．concernedabout B．eagerfor C．delightedwith D．capableof【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．A5．B6．C7．C8．B9．D10．B11．A12．C13．D14．B15．A【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了一家公司是如何用人機(jī)結(jié)合的方式在網(wǎng)上賣新鮮的活魚的。1．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一家新興的科技公司正致力于解決這一問(wèn)題。A.maintain維持；B.remedy改進(jìn)、解決；C.substitute替代；D.recognize認(rèn)出。上文說(shuō)你可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)讓你買的大多數(shù)食物，如熱餅干或伏特加，送到你家門口。但你買的紅鯛魚卻不行，在根據(jù)空后的介紹可知此處是說(shuō)一家科技公司正努力解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，故B項(xiàng)正確。2．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：