選擇性必修第三冊(cè)　Unit 2　Out of this world

英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit2Outofthisworld選擇性必修第三冊(cè)內(nèi)容索引抓關(guān)鍵高考熱點(diǎn)過(guò)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)排查提能力主題寫作><PART01過(guò)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)排查astronaut n.宇航員，航天員gravity n.重力；嚴(yán)重性；嚴(yán)肅float vi.飄動(dòng)，漂流；浮 vt.使浮動(dòng)，使漂流cupboard n.壁櫥；櫥柜，衣柜ceiling n.天花板；上限mission n.任務(wù)；使命，天職；軍事行動(dòng)；太

空飛行任務(wù)carryoutamission 執(zhí)行任務(wù)creature n.動(dòng)物，生物；人mosquito

n.(pl.mosquitoesormosquitos)蚊子microscope n.顯微鏡maintenance n.維護(hù)，保養(yǎng)；維持，保持radiation n.輻射，放射線luxury n.不常有的樂趣(或享受)；奢侈品tube n.管，管子；軟管furthermore adv.此外，再者pill n.藥丸，藥片discipline vt.嚴(yán)格要求(自己)；懲罰；訓(xùn)練 n.訓(xùn)練，紀(jì)律；行為準(zhǔn)則；自制力leisure n.閑暇，空閑leisuretime 業(yè)余時(shí)間atsb’sleisure 在某人閑暇時(shí)crew n.全體工作人員；全體乘務(wù)人員，

全體船員；專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)altogether adv.完全；總共；總之19kit n.成套設(shè)備，成套工具；配套元件telescope n.望遠(yuǎn)鏡crucial adj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的orbit vt.&vi.圍繞……運(yùn)動(dòng)；沿軌道運(yùn)行 n.(天體等運(yùn)行的)軌道astronomer n.天文學(xué)家merely adv.僅僅，只不過(guò)administration n.行政部門；管理，行政agency n.機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處comprise vt.包括，包含；組成，構(gòu)成becomprisedof... 由……組成scan vt.&vi.掃描；細(xì)看；瀏覽 n.掃描檢查；快速查閱foundation n.基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)；地基；創(chuàng)辦；基金會(huì)purse n.資金，財(cái)源；錢包tale n.故事；講述，敘述30shuttle n.航天飛機(jī)；來(lái)往于兩地之間的航班(或班車、

火車) vi.頻繁往來(lái)(于兩地之間)hydrogen n.氫，氫氣rocket n.火箭；火箭武器motive n.原因，動(dòng)機(jī)，目的amotivefor... ……的動(dòng)機(jī)mechanic n.機(jī)械師，技工shelter n.居住，住處；庇護(hù) vt.保護(hù)，掩蔽 vi.躲避constant adj.固定的，不變的；連續(xù)發(fā)生的，重復(fù)的nuclear adj.核能的，原子能的；核武器的evaluate vt.評(píng)估，估計(jì)，評(píng)價(jià)→evaluation

n.評(píng)價(jià)；估價(jià)exposure n.面臨，遭受；揭露；報(bào)道→expose

vt.使暴露；使顯露；揭發(fā)；使(膠卷)曝光visible adj.看得見的；明顯的→invisible

adj.看不見的→visibly

adv.易察覺地；明顯地permanent adj.永久的，永恒的→permanence

n.永久性，持久性；永久universe n.宇宙，天地萬(wàn)物→universal

adj.普遍的；全體的；全世界的；共同的origin n.起源，起因；出身→original

adj.起初的；原來(lái)的；首創(chuàng)的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的n.原

著；原作→originally

adv.原來(lái)，起初theoriginof... ……的起源46frequency n.發(fā)生率，出現(xiàn)率；頻繁；頻率→frequent

adj.頻繁的→frequently

adv.頻繁地investment n.投資；投入→invest

v.投資；投入calculate vt.計(jì)算，核算；預(yù)測(cè)→calculation

n.計(jì)算，運(yùn)算；預(yù)測(cè)→calculator

n.計(jì)算器Itiscalculatedthat... 據(jù)估算……49coverage n.新聞報(bào)道；覆蓋范圍；信息范圍→cover

n.覆蓋物；封面；掩護(hù)物v.覆蓋；遮蓋；處

理；涉及；包括incredibly adv.極其，極端地；令人難以置信→incredible

adj.不可思議的，難以置信的dust n.沙土，塵土；灰塵，塵?！鷇usty

adj.布滿灰塵的castnewlighton 使進(jìn)一步了解……plaintosee 顯而易見的laythefoundationfor 為……打下基礎(chǔ)cometoanend 結(jié)束atatime 每次ahugeamountof 大量的longtodo

渴望做……makesenseof 弄清楚/弄明白……61Duetothenearabsenceofgravityinspace，wehavetoattachourselvessothatwedon’tfloataround.(sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句)由于太空中近乎沒有重力，我們必須把自己固定住，這樣我們才不會(huì)四處飄浮。62It’sstrangethatwetrytosleepwithnopressureagainstourback，buttheunusualbedsdon’tbotherusanymore.(It＋be＋adj.＋that...)嘗試背部沒有壓力地入睡是奇怪的，但我們不再為這些特別的床而煩惱了。63SplendidastheviewoftheEarthis，spacewalkingisnotasexcitingasyoumightthink.(as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)盡管地球的景色十分壯觀，但太空行走并不像你們可能想象的那么激動(dòng)人心。64ItisthroughourresearchintospacethatwehaveconfirmedthattheEarthisroundandthatitorbitstheSun.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)正是通過(guò)對(duì)太空的研究，我們才能確定地球是圓的，它繞著太陽(yáng)公轉(zhuǎn)。n.[C]&[U]缺席；不在某處；[U]缺乏→absentadj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的→absent-mindedadj.心不在焉的；健忘的absence·absenceofmind心不在焉inone’sabsence＝intheabsenceofsb某人不在時(shí)·beabsentfrom不參加；缺席1vt.占領(lǐng)；使用，占用；居住；使忙于→occupiedadj.使用中的；忙于→occupationn.工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)bother2·occupyoneselfwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事·beoccupiedwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事vt.占領(lǐng)；使用，占用；居??；使忙于→occupiedadj.使用中的；忙于→occupationn.工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)occupy3·occupyoneselfwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事·beoccupiedwithsth/(in)doingsth忙于(做)某事n.條件，狀況；(pl.)境況，(尤指)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況circumstance4in/undernocircumstances決不(置于句首，句子要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序)in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下；既然這樣ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情況允許的話adj.對(duì)……極重要的；必不可少的vital5bevitalfor/tosth對(duì)……極為重要beofvitalimportanceto...對(duì)……至關(guān)重要Itisvitaltodo...做……很重要。Itisvitalthatsb(should)dosth.某人做某事是極其重要的。n.助手，助理；助教；售貨員adj.輔助的；助理的；副的→assistv.幫助；協(xié)助；援助→assistancen.援助，幫助；輔助設(shè)備assistant6·assistsbwithsth/indoingsth/todosth幫助某人(做)某事·withtheassistanceof在……的幫助下come/gotoone’sassistance來(lái)/去幫助某人·inone’sview＝fromone’spointofview在某人看來(lái)haveagoodviewof...清楚地看到；飽覽comeintoview進(jìn)入視野，映入眼簾·view...as...把……看作……鑒于，考慮到inviewof7·This/Thatisbecause...這/那是因?yàn)椤?because引導(dǎo)的從句表示原因)·This/Thatisthereasonwhy...這/那就是……的原因。(why引導(dǎo)的從句

表示結(jié)果)·Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(why引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句)That’swhyeveryspacewalkiscarefullyplanned.這就是為什么(我們)要仔細(xì)規(guī)劃好每次的太空行走。why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句81.我寫信向你道歉，因?yàn)樯现苣┪覜]能參加你的生日派對(duì)。(應(yīng)用文寫作之道歉信)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I’mwritingtoapologizetoyouforbeingabsentfrom/myabsencefromyourbirthdaypartylastweekend.2.我過(guò)去總是麻煩您為我做很多事情，但您從來(lái)不對(duì)我不耐煩。(應(yīng)用文寫作之感謝信)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iusedtobotheryoutodomanythingsforme，butyouwereneverimpatientwithme.3.業(yè)余時(shí)間，我一直忙于練習(xí)我的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)，所以我英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很流利。(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請(qǐng)信)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.在任何情況下我們都不應(yīng)屈服于任何困難。(讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華)(倒裝句型)_______________________________________________________________Inmysparetime，IhavebeenoccupiedwithmyoralEnglishsoIspeakEnglishfluently.Undernocircumstancesshouldwesubmit(ourselves)toanydifficulties.5.如果我們要在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面有所作為，從小事做起是至關(guān)重要的。(應(yīng)用文寫作之倡議書)Ifwearetomakeadifferenceinenvironmentalprotection，___________

.it’svitalthatwe(should)beginwithsmallthings6.有時(shí)我會(huì)失去信心，但幸運(yùn)的是，我最好的朋友一直鼓勵(lì)我說(shuō)：“你絕不應(yīng)該半途而廢。我會(huì)一直幫助你的。”(應(yīng)用文寫作之人物介紹)AttimesIwillloseheart，butluckilymybestfriendencouragesmeallthetime，saying，“Atnotimeshouldyougiveuphalfway.___________

”Iwillalwayscometoyourassistance/Iwillassistyouallthetime.7.①盡管這個(gè)禮物不值多少錢，但我非常珍惜它。在我看來(lái)，真正重要的是其中所包含的愛。(讀后續(xù)寫之升華句)(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Althoughthepresentisn’tworthmuch，Ivalueitverymuch._________________________________________________________________________________________Frommypointofview/Inmyview，it’sthelovecontainedinitthatreallycounts/matters.②孔子被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)古代最偉大的教育家和思想家之一。(2023·全國(guó)甲，短文投稿)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ConfuciusisviewedasoneofthegreatesteducatorsandthinkersinancientChina.8.他總是盡其所能參與他們所做的任何事情。這就是為什么沒有一個(gè)孩子認(rèn)為大衛(wèi)決定加入越野賽隊(duì)是不尋常的。(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.

thatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualⅠ.閱讀單詞1.foundation2.gravity3.administration4.maintenance5.astronaut6.luxury詞匯默寫__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________n.基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)；地基；創(chuàng)辦；基金會(huì)n.重力；嚴(yán)重性；嚴(yán)肅n.行政部門；管理，行政n.維護(hù)；維持n.不常有的樂趣(或享受)；奢侈品n.宇航員，航天員Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞1.

vi.飄動(dòng)，漂流；浮 vt.使浮動(dòng)，使漂流2.

vt.嚴(yán)格要求(自己)；懲罰；訓(xùn)練 n.訓(xùn)練，紀(jì)律；行為準(zhǔn)則；自制力3.

vt.&vi.掃描；細(xì)看；瀏覽 n.掃描檢查；快速查閱floatdisciplinescan4.

n.全體工作人員；全體乘務(wù)人員，全體船員；專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)5.

vt.&vi.圍繞……運(yùn)動(dòng)；沿軌道運(yùn)行 n.(天體等運(yùn)行的)軌道6.

n.居住，住處；庇護(hù) vt.保護(hù)，掩蔽 vi.躲避7.

adj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的creworbitsheltercrucial8.

adj.對(duì)……極重要的；必不可少的9.

n.條件，狀況；(pl.)境況，(尤指)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況10.

vt.使煩惱；使擔(dān)心；打擾 vi.花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事) n.[U]煩擾；麻煩；困難vitalcircumstancebotherⅢ.拓展單詞1.

adj.永久的，永恒的→

n.永久性，持久性；永久2.

adj.看得見的；明顯的→

adj.看不見的3.

n.投資；投入→

v.投資；投入permanentpermanencevisibleinvisibleinvestmentinvest4.

n.面臨，遭受；揭露；報(bào)道→

vt.使暴露；使顯露；揭發(fā)；使(膠卷)曝光5.

n.新聞報(bào)道；覆蓋范圍；信息范圍→

n.覆蓋物；封面；掩護(hù)物v.覆蓋；遮蓋；處理；涉及；包括6.

vt.計(jì)算，核算；預(yù)測(cè)→

n.計(jì)算，運(yùn)算；預(yù)測(cè)→

n.計(jì)算器exposureexposecoveragecovercalculatecalculationcalculatorⅣ.核心短語(yǔ)1.atsb’sleisure _____________2.withtheassistanceof _______________3.laythefoundationfor _______________4.

每次5.ahugeamountof _______在某人閑暇時(shí)在……的幫助下為……打下基礎(chǔ)atatime大量的Ⅰ.詞形變化填空1.Asan

，he

theprofessorincarryingouttheproject.Andwithouthis

，itcouldn’thavebeencompletedontime.(assist)2.Weneedto

ourselves，ourvalues，ourstrengthsandsoonbecauseobjective

willbenefitus.(evaluate)3.Heisalways

fromclass，andhis

makeshisheadteacherangry.(absent)語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用assistantassistedassistanceevaluateevaluationsabsentabsence4.Iam

withmy

，which

mostofmytimeeveryday.(occupy)5.Tomusedtobea

customertoourstore，buthedoesn’tcomehereas

thesedays.(frequent)6.Idon’tknowaboutthe

oflifeontheEarth，butI’msurelifeontheEarthmusthavegonethroughalong

period.(origin)occupiedoccupationoccupiesfrequentfrequentlyoriginoriginalⅡ.選詞填空1.

theshortageoftime，eachpersoncanonlyspeakfor5minutes.2.Whatshereferredtowassoconfusingthattheycouldhardly________

it.castnewlighton，inthecircumstances，inviewof，plaintosee，cometoanend，makesenseofInviewofmakesenseof3.Allgoodthingsmust

，howeverbeautifulanexperienceitis.4.Honestlyspeaking，hispassionforthepianois

，buthisfamilycan’taffordthefee.cometoanendplaintoseecastnewlighton，inthecircumstances，inviewof，plaintosee，cometoanend，makesenseof5.Hisopinion

theproblemandtheybegantochangetheiroriginalstrategy.6.Theboyandhisbrotherweretrappedintheruins.

，theykeptcalmandwaitedfortherescuers.castnewlightonInthecircumstancescastnewlighton，inthecircumstances，inviewof，plaintosee，cometoanend，makesenseofⅢ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫1.我會(huì)慢慢說(shuō)，以便你能理解我的意思。(sothat)______________________________________________________________2.重要的是，你應(yīng)該知道自己的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。(Itis＋adj.＋that)______________________________________________________________I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.Itisimportantthatyoushouldknowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.3.盡管這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但每個(gè)人都很喜歡它，所有的參與者都從中受益很多。(as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)

，everyoneenjoyeditandalltheparticipantsbenefitedalotfromit.4.他沒有按時(shí)交作業(yè)。那就是他被老師懲罰的原因。(why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)Hedidn’thandinhishomeworkontime.___________________________

.ChallengingastheactivitywasThatwaswhyhewaspunishedbyhisteacher5.是你及時(shí)的鼓勵(lì)和慷慨的幫助使我度過(guò)了那段艱難的時(shí)光。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Itwasyourtimelyencouragementandgeneroushelpthatmademegothroughthetoughtime.Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空文中加顏色詞匯為本單元詞匯Thereisaheateddebateaboutwhetherspaceanduniverseareworthexploring.Somepeoplebelievethatspace1.

(explore)demandshugeinvestment，anddoesnothing2.

(enhance)thequalityofourlives.Butothers，especially3.

(astronaut)，don’tagree.Livinginspaceistheirdream.Theyexpecttofinishtheirmissionthoughitis4.

(challenge).Duetotheabsenceofgravity，explorationtoenhanceastronautschallengingtheyhavetoattach5.

(they)inordernottofloataround.They6.

(occupy)inconductingresearchandevaluatingtheeffectsoflowgravityoncreatures.Foraspacewalk，theymustput7.

theirspacesuitstoprotectthemfromexposuretothecoldandradiation.Inviewofthelow-gravityenvironment,8.

isaluxurytoeatfreshfood.Sometimestheymusttakepillstoensurea9.

(balance)supplyofnutrients.themselvesareoccupiedonitbalancedTheresultsofthesespaceexplorationshavemademajorcontributionsto10.

understandingoftheorigin，evolution，andlikelyfutureoftheuniverseanditcanalsomotivatetheyoungtobecomethescientistsofthefuture.an返回><第二部分抓關(guān)鍵高考熱點(diǎn)1.occupy(1)Thebedseemedtooccupymostoftheroom.

(2)Grizzlybears，whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg，occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.(2023·全國(guó)甲)

(3)Sheoccupiedherselfwithroutineofficetasks.

A.使忙于(做某事)

B.占用(空間、面積、時(shí)間等)

C.侵占；占據(jù)____________BCA2.shelter(1)Theywerestandingundertheshelterofahugetree.

(2)Thesunbeatdown，sowesatintheshade，shelteringfromthesun.

A.n.躲避處；避難所B.n.居所；住處C.n.保護(hù)；掩蔽；庇護(hù)D.vt.掩蔽；保護(hù)E.vi.躲避；避難________CE(3)Overthepastfewyears，manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators，resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction. (2023·浙江1月)

(4)Food，clothing，fuelandshelterarethefourmostbasichumanneeds.

(5)Treeswereplantedtoshelterthisareafromstrongsandstorms.

A.n.躲避處；避難所B.n.居所；住處C.n.保護(hù)；掩蔽；庇護(hù)D.vt.掩蔽；保護(hù)E.vi.躲避；避難____________ABD1.Apparently，thespeedoflightisanimportantconstant.2.Shecalculatedthatgoingtoastranger’shousewasariskymove，butshedecidedtotakethechance.______________n.常數(shù)v.認(rèn)為返回><PART01提能力主題寫作假設(shè)你是國(guó)際學(xué)校的學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，為使學(xué)生了解更多的航天知識(shí)，你校決定舉行一次關(guān)于航天科學(xué)的講座，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫一則書面通知，內(nèi)容包括：1.講座的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2.講座的目的及內(nèi)容；3.希望同學(xué)們踴躍參加。太空探索完成句子1.鑒于越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生對(duì)太空知識(shí)表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣，本周五下午兩點(diǎn)將在學(xué)校禮堂舉行一場(chǎng)以太空科學(xué)為主題的講座。(inviewof)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.本講座主要由三部分組成，第一部分將對(duì)我國(guó)航天飛行的歷史和最近的發(fā)射進(jìn)行新的闡述。(castnewlighton，“介詞＋which”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.更好地了解我國(guó)航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)具有重要的意義。(vital，it作形式主語(yǔ))__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.由同樣的專家展示的第二部分將涉及相關(guān)的科學(xué)效益，如為某些疾病的治療奠定基礎(chǔ)。(laythefoundationfor，過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________完成句子5.最后也是最關(guān)鍵的部分是參與者可以提出他們感興趣的問題。(incredibly，crucial，表語(yǔ)從句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.歡迎任何有意了解更多太空知識(shí)的同學(xué)參加本次講座。(motive；定語(yǔ)從句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________完成句子把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)和過(guò)渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________組句成篇NoticeInviewofmoreandmorestudents’showinggreatinterestinspaceknowledge，alecturewiththethemeofspacesciencewillbeheldintheschoolhallat2o’clockthisFridayafternoon.Thelecturemainlyconsistsofthreeparts，thefirstpartofwhichwillcastnewlightonthehistoryofspaceflightsaswellasrecentlaunchinourcountry.Itisofvitalsignificanceforustohaveabetterunderstandingofthedevelopmentofaerospaceindustryinourcountry.參考范文Thesecondpartpresentedbythesameexpertswilldealwiththerelatedscientificbenefits，suchaslayingthefoundationforthecureforsomeillnesses.Thelastbutincrediblycrucialpartisthatparticipantscanraisequestionstheyarecuriousabout.Anyonewhohasamotiveforlearningmoreaboutspaceishighlywelcometotakepartinthelecture.TheStudentCouncil參考范文教材語(yǔ)料整合亮詞[情感描寫]

absencen.缺乏，不存在；缺席missionn.任務(wù)；使命，天職；軍事行動(dòng)；太空飛行任務(wù)

vitaladj.必不可少的，對(duì)……極重要的；維持生命所必需的leisuren.閑暇，空閑crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的merelyadv.僅僅，只不過(guò)incrediblyadv.極其，極端地；令人難以置信[動(dòng)作描寫]

bothervt.使煩惱，使擔(dān)心；花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事)；打擾occupyvt.占用，使用；居住；占領(lǐng)，侵占；使忙于教材語(yǔ)料整合美句1.First，weputonourspacesuits，whichallowustobreatheinspaceandprotectusfromexposuretothecoldandradiation.Thenweheadout，andsometimesperformtasksforhoursatatime，withthebeautifulEarthvisiblebelow.(動(dòng)作描寫)2.SplendidastheviewoftheEarthis，spacewalkingisnotasexcitingasyoumightthink.(事物描寫)教材語(yǔ)料整合美句3.Duringourleisuretime，there’snothingwelikemorethantositbackwiththerestofthecrewandwatchourremarkableplanetgoby，takingpicturesforourfamilyandfriendsbackhome.(動(dòng)作＋場(chǎng)景描寫)4.Itisthiskindofinspirationthatkeepsourthirstforknowledgealiveandensuresthatadvancesinspaceexplorationandmanyotherfieldswillcontinuetobemade.(主旨升華)情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫：哭泣(一)拓展語(yǔ)料積累單詞1.weepv.哭泣2.waterv.流淚