廣東省廣州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末五校聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省廣州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末五校聯(lián)考英語試題第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分語言知識運用（滿分15分）第一節(jié)單項選擇（15*1,滿分15分）1.Doesthewayyouthoughtof______thewatercleanmakeanysense?A.making B.tomake C.made D.make〖答案〗B【詳析】考查非謂語。句意：你想的讓水變干凈的方法有意義嗎？分析句子可知，本句中youthoughtof為定語從句，省略了關(guān)系詞，所以這里考查thewaytodosth表“做某事的方法”，其中不定式作定語，修飾前面名詞way。故選B項。2.When______help,oneoftensays“Thankyou”or“It’skindofyou”.A.beingoffered B.tooffer C.offered D.offering〖答案〗C【詳析】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：當(dāng)被給予幫助的時候，一個人經(jīng)常說“謝謝你”或“你真好”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，狀語從句的主語和主句的主語是一致的，并且從句中含有be動詞，故滿足狀語從句省略的條件，結(jié)合句意，one和offer為被動關(guān)系，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用過去分詞，從句完整結(jié)構(gòu)形式為Whenoneisofferedhelp。故選C項。3.Everyonepresent,parentsandteachersincluded,______theirattentiononthephotosrecordingeverystudent'sgrowthshownonthePPT.A.focused B.focus C.focusing D.tofocus〖答案〗A【詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在場的每個人，包括家長和老師，都把注意力集中在PPT上展示的記錄每個學(xué)生成長的照片上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，因此處描述過去的動作，應(yīng)用一般過去時，focus的過去式是focused。故選A項。4.Itisbelievedthatthehighway______nowwillbringprosperitytothevillage.A.constructing B.isconstructedC.isbeingconstructed D.beingconstructed〖答案〗D【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：人們相信現(xiàn)在正在修建的公路會給這個村莊帶來繁榮。從句已有謂語，空處是非謂語，construct“修建”和highway邏輯上是被動關(guān)系，且結(jié)合“now”可知，行為正在進行中，因此用construct現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式，作highway的后置定語。故選D。5.Thereweretwogroupsofchildren______intheexperiment,______hadamusictestwhiletheotherdidn’t.A.tookpart;oneofthem B.takingpart;oneofwhichC.takingpart;oneofwhom D.totakepart;oneofwhich〖答案〗B【詳析】考查非謂語動詞和定語從句。句意：有兩組孩子參加了這個實驗，其中一組有音樂測試，而另一組沒有。第一空take與children構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語；第二空為介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞groups，作介詞的賓語，指物，應(yīng)用which。故選B。6.Becausetheshop______,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.A.isclosingdown B.wasabouttoclosedownC.hascloseddown D.hadcloseddown〖答案〗A【詳析】考查現(xiàn)在進行時表將來。句意：因為商店要關(guān)門了，所有的T恤都半價出售。這里考查現(xiàn)在進行時表示未來將要發(fā)生的動作，isclosingdown表示“將要關(guān)門”。故選A項。7.Thecompetitionwassoclosethatnoonewassurewho______theBestActoraward.A.wasgoingtowin B.wasabouttowinC.wastowin D.wouldwin〖答案〗D【詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：競爭如此激烈，以至于沒有人確定誰會獲得最佳男主角獎。so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)表示“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，根據(jù)was可知，從句描述過去的情況，且結(jié)合語意，沒有人確定的是誰將會獲得最佳男主角獎，who引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用過去將來時，表示從過去看即將發(fā)生的動作，即woulddo結(jié)構(gòu)。wasgoingtodo表示在過去計劃安排將要發(fā)生的動作，wasabouttodo表示馬上、立刻去做某事，不能和表將來的時間狀語連用，wastodo表示過去將來，通常是計劃、命令、將來、命中注定等，均不符合語境。故選D項。8.Theancientcity,______wasoncethecenterofanempire,______byarchaeologistsandhistoriansforoveradecadeandhasyieldedmanysignificantfindings.A.which;wasstudied B.where;wasstudiedC.which;hasbeenstudied D.where;hadbeenstudied〖答案〗C【詳析】考查定語從句和時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這座古城曾經(jīng)是一個帝國的中心，考古學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家對它進行了十多年的研究，并取得了許多重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。第一空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞city，在從句作主語，指物，故用which；第二空作謂語，主語與動詞study構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文foroveradecade可知為現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，故選C。9.WhichsentencedoesNOTmakesense?A.Peterisamanwhopaysattentiontodetails.B.Peterisaman,whopaysattentiontodetails.C.Idon’tlikechildrenwhoarealwaysnaughty.D.Idon’tlikechildren,whoarealwaysnaughty.〖答案〗B【詳析】考查定語從句。A.Peterisamanwhopaysattentiontodetails.彼得是一個注重細節(jié)的男人；B.Peterisaman,whopaysattentiontodetails.彼得是一個男人，他注意細節(jié)。C.Idon’tlikechildrenwhoarealwaysnaughty.我不喜歡總是淘氣的孩子。D.Idon’tlikechildren,whoarealwaysnaughty.我不喜歡孩子，他們總是淘氣。選項B中who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，對先行詞“aman”起到附加說明的作用，表示“彼得是一個男人，他注意細節(jié)。”，句意表達有偏差，講不通，應(yīng)用限制性定語從句。故選B。10.Thoughthestepsaretheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure______offersaplace______youcansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.A.which;and B.and;which C.that;where D.and;where〖答案〗D【詳析】考查并列句及定語從句。句意：盡管臺階是你攀登山峰過程中唯一不自然的事物，但它突出了整個冒險，提供了一個你可以坐下來休息你酸痛雙腿的地方?！癶ighlightsthewholeadventure”和“offersaplace”都是it發(fā)出來的動作，it指代臺階。可以判斷這里是并列句，使用and并列兩個動詞；橫線二后引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，先行詞是place，在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c狀語，應(yīng)該使用where引導(dǎo)。故選D。11.StephenHawkingbelievedthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that B.where C.why D.which〖答案〗B【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金認為，地球不太可能是唯一一個生命逐漸發(fā)展的星球。這里考查定語從句，先行詞為theonlyplanet，在從句中作地點狀語，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故選B項。12.Shetoldmethatshehadabeautifulstoryaboutalittleboy______shewassureIshouldlikebetterthanTheScarletLetter.A.which B.who C.aboutwhich D.ofwhom〖答案〗D【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：她告訴我她有一個關(guān)于一個小男孩的美麗故事，她確信我會比喜歡《紅字》更喜歡這個故事。先行詞是alittleboy，且結(jié)合“besureof...”表示“確信……”，關(guān)系詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語，先行詞指人，所以用“ofwhom”引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選D項。13.It'samysterywhoinventedtheglassharp.SomesayitfirstappearedinChina______otherssayPersia,butitwasinEurope______itbecamemostpopular.A.while;where B.but;when C.while;that D.and;that〖答案〗C【詳析】考查連詞和強調(diào)句式。句意：誰發(fā)明了玻璃琴仍是一個謎。有人說它最早出現(xiàn)在中國，而其他人則說是波斯，但正是在歐洲它變得最為流行。第一個空格前后的句子是對比關(guān)系，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折或者并列關(guān)系，因此，使用“while”可以表達兩者之間的對比，即“一方面……另一方面……”，這符合句意。第二個空格所在的部分是強調(diào)句型“Itwas...that...”的結(jié)構(gòu)，用來強調(diào)“inEurope”，也就是正是在歐洲這個地方玻璃琴變得最流行。故選C項。14.ThankstohisremarkableperformanceontheSAT,notonly______intoHarvard,______afullscholarship.A.washeaccepted;butalsowashegivenB.washeaccepted;butalsohewasgivenC.hewasaccepted;butalsowashegivenD.hewasaccepted;butalsohewasgiven〖答案〗B【詳析】考查倒裝句。句意：由于他在SAT考試中的出色表現(xiàn)，他不僅被哈佛大學(xué)錄取，而且還獲得了全額獎學(xué)金。notonly...butalso...是固定搭配，意為“不僅……而且……”，notonly置于句首引導(dǎo)部分倒裝句，notonly后的句子要倒裝，butalso后的句子不倒裝。故選B。15.Undernocircumstances______.A.shouldthepatientbeleftunattendedB.shouldthepatientleftbeunattendedC.shouldbeleftunattendedthepatientD.shouldbethepatientleftunattended〖答案〗A【詳析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：在任何情況下都不應(yīng)讓病人無人看管?！安∪吮涣粝聼o人看管”thepatientshouldbeleftunattended，其中unattended作主語補足語，介詞短語Undernocircumstances置于句首，句子使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，將情態(tài)動詞should提到主語thepatient之前，謂語動詞的其余部分仍然放在主語之后，即shouldthepatientbeleftunattended。故選A項。第三部分閱讀（滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（15*2.5,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項。ATooMuchofaGoodThing—theLawofUnintendedConsequencesGovernmentleaderstryhardtomakethebestdecisions.Sometimestheysurveythegeneralpublic,getexpertadviceandholdmeetings.Ofcourse,wealreadyknowthefollowingfromAesop’sfable“TheMan,theBoy,andtheDonkey”:pleaseall,andyouwillpleasenone.Thepolicy-makersarewellawareofthat.Butsadly,thereareinfacttimeswhendecisionsmadeingoodfaithandwiththebestofintentionsresultinundesiredoutcomes.InAustraliaAlargetoad(蟾蜍),knownasthecanetoad,nativetothesouthernUnitedStatesandBrazil,wasintroducedintoAustraliatocontrolakindofpests(害蟲)harmfultopeople’scrops.Thisintroductionofaforeignspecieswasdoneaftercarefulexamination.Atthattime,itwasbelievedthattheintroductionofthetoadhadserveditspurpose.However,laterstudiesconcludedthatthecanetoad’shugeappetitehascausedconsiderabledamagetothenativeAustralianecosystem,withitsnumbertotallyoutofcontrol.InIcelandAlovelypurpleflower,theAlaskanLupinisabigconcerninIceland.ThespecieswasintroducedintoIcelandtopreventsoilfrombeingwashedaway.Butitgrewandspreadlikeaweed,threateningthegrowthofnearbyplants.NowthegovernmentisworkingonhavingstudentsfromIcelandandabroadmovingintocutdowntheLupinand,ifpossible,removeitsseedsfromtheground.InCanadaCanadianForestServicehasbecome“toosuccessful”withitsfire-preventionpolicy.Fireisanaturalpartofthelifecycleofforests,andthereductionofforestfirescreatednewproblems.Agedtreeswhichshouldhavebeenkilledoffbyfireareeasilyinfectedbypestsanddiseasesandpassthemtoneighboringtrees.TheyarenowthreateningtodestroytheforestsofBritishColumbiaandAlberta.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1mean?A.It’simpossibletosatisfyeveryone.B.It’simportanttohavegoodmanners.C.It’schallengingtocollectopinions.D.It’snecessarytopredictthefuture.17.WhatdoAustraliaandIcelandhaveincommonaccordingtothetext?A.Theysufferedeconomicloss.B.Theyimportedaforeignspecies.C.Theyachievedwhattheydesired.D.Theymanagedtodealwiththetrouble.18.Whatdoesthewritertrytotellus?A.Introductionofaforeignspeciesisamistake.B.Toomanygoodthingscanbringbadconsequences.C.Policymakingshouldbetakenmoreseriously.D.Goodintentionsmaynotleadtodesiredresults.〖答案〗16.A17.B18.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討了“好事過猶不及”的現(xiàn)象，通過澳大利亞、冰島和加拿大的三個事例說明了出于善意和良好意圖做出的決定有時會導(dǎo)致意想不到的負面后果?！?6題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句及其上文“Ofcourse,wealreadyknowthefollowingfromAesop’sfable“TheMan,theBoy,andtheDonkey”:pleaseall,andyouwillpleasenone.Thepolicy-makersarewellawareofthat.(當(dāng)然，我們已經(jīng)從伊索寓言《男人、兒子和驢》中知道了下面這句話：想討好所有人，你就會弄得人人不悅。政策制定者很清楚這一點)”可推知，政策制定者很清楚的是一則伊索寓言揭示的道理：讓每個人都滿意是不可能的，畫線的that指的就是這一道理。故選A項。【17題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InAustralia中“Alargetoad(蟾蜍),knownasthecanetoad,nativetothesouthernUnitedStatesandBrazil,wasintroducedintoAustraliatocontrolakindofpests(害蟲)harmfultopeople’scrops.(一種大蟾蜍，被稱為甘蔗蟾蜍，原產(chǎn)于美國南部和巴西，被引入澳大利亞，以控制一種對人們的農(nóng)作物有害的害蟲)”和InIceland中“ThespecieswasintroducedintoIcelandtopreventsoilfrombeingwashedaway.(這種物種被引入冰島是為了防止土壤被沖走)”可知，澳大利亞和冰島的共同之處在于它們都引進了外來物種。故選B項?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是文章的標(biāo)題“TooMuchofaGoodThing—theLawofUnintendedConsequences(好事過猶不及——意外后果法則)”和第一段中“Butsadly,thereareinfacttimeswhendecisionsmadeingoodfaithandwiththebestofintentionsresultinundesiredoutcomes.(但令人遺憾的是，事實上有時出于善意和最佳意圖做出的決定會導(dǎo)致意想不到的結(jié)果)”可知，文章圍繞“好事過猶不及”的現(xiàn)象展開，通過澳大利亞、冰島和加拿大的三個事例說明了出于善意和良好意圖做出的決定有時會導(dǎo)致意想不到的負面后果。由此可知，作者想告訴我們：良好的意圖未必會帶來理想的結(jié)果。故選D項。BI’vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnuttree.It’sauniquetree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(頭骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatlivenextdoortothem.UmbrellasintheyardareamustwhiledininginearlyAugust,andasforme,Iwearmybikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewithhopesthatmaybetheblackwalnutwouldacceptthem,buttheyfailedtogrow.Whatdoesworkarenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Nativeplantsareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(傳粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsandcontributetoahealthyandbiodiverseenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.It’salsoprotectedunderthelaw.Rightfullyso.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseasonholds:Whatarethechancesofbeingknockedunconsciouswhilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I’llneverbepleased.I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahabitatforwildlifeandareminder.19.Whydoestheauthorwearabikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden?A.Toprotecttheinjuredskull.B.Toavoidbeinghitbythenuts.C.Topreventherselffromsunburn.D.Toprotectherselffromfallingover.20.Whatisthetree’ssurvivalstrategy?A.Itacceptsnewplantvarieties.B.Itattractsbeneficialpollinators.C.Itletsoutapoisontodriveawaypests.D.Itproducesachemicaldeadlytosomeplants.21.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthewalnuttree?A.Pleased. B.Conflicted. C.Curious. D.Disapproving.22.Theauthormostprobablygotareminderfromthetreethat______.A.It'sbettertoacceptthantoresist.B.It'sbettertoactthantothinkC.It'sbettertocompetethantogiveup.D.It'sbettertoprotectthantodestroy.〖答案〗19.B20.D21.B22.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，主要講述作者后院的黑胡桃樹給他帶來困擾，但同時也讓作者感到自然的生機。于是，作者學(xué)會包容接納，享受與黑核桃樹相伴的生活。【19題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(頭骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatlivenextdoortothem.(在9月底或10月初，像棒球一樣堅硬的水果會威脅到你、你的孩子、你的鄰居和他們隔壁的人的頭骨。)”可知，作者在果園里勞動時，會佩戴一個自行車頭盔，是為了保護頭部不會被樹上掉落的堅硬果實砸傷。故選B項。【20題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.(作為一種競爭策略，黑胡桃還通過其根部釋放出一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。它對幾種常見的植物有毒。)”可知，黑胡桃樹的生存策略就是釋放一種對其他一些常見植物物種有毒的物質(zhì)，以獨占生存資源。故選D項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第五段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有沒有想過擺脫我小小后院的巨大痛苦？是的，然而，要除掉這棵50英尺高、樹干87英寸的樹幾乎是不可能的。)”和第六段“SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.(有時我會想起沒有黑胡桃的生活。我無法想象春天里沒有每年黎明前都會到來并大聲唱歌的鳥兒。我會懷念在周末慵懶的下午抬頭看著它的葉子入睡。)”可知，作者對黑胡桃樹是又恨又愛的，換句話說，這種情感是矛盾沖突的。故選B項。【22題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有沒有想過擺脫我小小后院的巨大痛苦？是的，然而，要除掉這棵50英尺高、樹干87英寸的樹幾乎是不可能的。)”和最后一段“I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.(我就與這棵樹相伴，所以我會傾聽它的需求，給它所需的空間。)”可知，作者從這棵樹身上得到了這樣啟示：包容接納，而非抗拒，會讓生活更美好。故選A項。CHiringprocessescanbethoughtofasabattlebetweenintegrityanddishonesty.Youmightimaginethisisasimplefightbetweentruth-seekingfirmsandself-promotingapplicants,andtoacertainextentitis.Butcompaniesthemselvestendtobendrealityoutofshapeinwaysthatareself-defeating.Startwiththeobviouswrongdoers:jobapplicants.Whenitcomestowritingtheresume（簡歷）,theyarelikelytobeautifyrealityintothemostattractiveshapepossible.Everyonebeyondacertainlevelofexperienceisatransformationalleaderpersonallyresponsibleforgeneratingmillionsofincome;theworldeconomywouldbeabout15timesbiggerthanitactuallyisifallsuchclaimsweretrue.TheaverageBritishpeoplespendfourandahalfhoursadaywatchingTVandonlinevideos.Buteachaveragejobcandidateisanenthusiastforpublicwelfare,usingtheirsparetimeonlyforworthypurposes,likevolunteeringinsoupkitchens.Butthetendencytooverturnthetruthnegativelyimpactscompaniesaswellasapplicants.Thetypicalfirmwillwriteajobdescriptionthatinvariablydescribestheworkenvironmentasfast-pacedandinnovative,andthenlaysoutasetofimprobablerequirementsforthe"idealcandidate",someonewhoalmostbydefinitiondoesnotexist.Sometimes,therequirementsincludeanabilitytogobackandchangethecourseofhistory.Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews,whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.Oneeffectivestrategyistolayoutintextorvideowhatatypicaldayintherolewouldlooklike.Suchhonestycanbeitsownreward.Researchhaslongsuggestedthatrealisticjobpreviewsleadtolowerturnoverandhigheremployeesatisfaction.Apaperin2011byDavidEamestofTowsonUniversityandhisco-authorsconcludedthatfavourableperceptionsoftheorganisation'shonestyarethebestexplanationforwhy.Soaprocessdesignedtouncoverthetruthaboutjobapplicantswouldrunalotmoresmoothlyiffirmswerealsohonestaboutthemselves.23.Whyare"leader"and"enthusiast"mentionedinparagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceofpresentingapersonalimage.B.Todescribethehiringprocessofalargecompany.C.Tomakeacomparisonbetweendifferentinterviewers.D.Toshowjobapplicants'attempttoappeargood.24.Whatproblemsdomanyfirmshate?A.Theysetgoalsfortheiremplovees.B.Theyfailstoprovidehonestjobdescription.C.Theirworkingenvironmentisstressful.D.Theyarebecominglessfriendlytoemployees.25.Whatarejobpreviewsexpectedtobelikeinparagraph.4?A.Theyshowapositionasitis. B.Theyaremadeeitherintextorvideo.C.Theyarefavorableforbiggerfirms. D.Theymainlycontainnegativesofajob.26.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Painsandgainsofemployees. B.Howtogetthelyingoutofhiring.C.Howtobemoreappealinginhiring. D.Awarbetweenapplicantsandcompanies.〖答案〗23.D24.B25.A26.B【語篇解讀】本文屬于說明文。它通過對招聘過程中存在的問題進行闡述和分析，說明招聘中誠信的重要性及其對企業(yè)和求職者雙方的影響?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Whenitcomestowritingtheresume,theyarelikelytobeautifyrealityintothemostattractiveshapepossible.（當(dāng)涉及到寫簡歷時，他們傾向于將現(xiàn)實美化為盡可能吸引人的樣子。）”及隨后舉出的例子，如每個人都聲稱自己是“transformationalleader”，以及本段中的“theworldeconomywouldbeabout15timesbiggerthanitactuallyisifallsuchclaimsweretrue.(如果所有這些說法都是真的，那么世界經(jīng)濟規(guī)模將是實際規(guī)模的15倍左右。)”，說明這實際上是在夸大個人的能力和成就，可知這里提“l(fā)eader”和“enthusiast”是為了展示求職者試圖在簡歷中表現(xiàn)出最好的一面。故選D項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thetypicalfirmwillwriteajobdescriptionthatinvariablydescribestheworkenvironmentasfast-pacedandinnovative(典型的公司會寫一份工作描述，總是把工作環(huán)境描述為快節(jié)奏和創(chuàng)新的)”和第四段首句“Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews, whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.（很少有公司能在工作預(yù)覽中準確描述職位的實際內(nèi)容，這本應(yīng)讓潛在員工真正了解工作的消極和積極因素，并清楚地了解公司的企業(yè)文化。）”可知，很多公司通常會描述工作環(huán)境為快節(jié)奏和創(chuàng)新，并列出一系列理想候選人的不可能的要求，這表明許多公司討厭的問題就是他們未能提供誠實的工作描述。故選B項?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews,whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.Oneeffectivestrategyistolayoutintextorvideowhatatypicaldayintherolewouldlooklike.(很少有公司能在工作預(yù)覽中準確描述職位的實際內(nèi)容，這本應(yīng)讓潛在員工真正了解工作的消極和積極因素，并清楚地了解公司的企業(yè)文化。一種有效的策略是通過文本或視頻來展示角色的典型一天。)”可知，本段中表達的意思是，大家都期盼的職位預(yù)告是讓公司準確描述職位的實際內(nèi)容，讓潛在員工真正了解工作的消極和積極因素，通過文本或視頻來展示角色的典型一天。故選A項?！?6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hiringprocessescanbethoughtofasabattlebetweenintegrityanddishonesty.Youmightimaginethisisasimplefightbetweentruth-seekingfirmsandself-promotingcandidates,andtoacertainextentitis.Butcompaniesthemselvestendtobendrealityoutofshapeinwaysthatareself-defeating.(招聘過程可以被看作是誠信與不誠實之間的一場戰(zhàn)斗。你可能會認為這是尋求真相的公司和自我推銷的候選人之間的一場簡單的斗爭，在某種程度上確實如此。但企業(yè)本身往往會以弄巧成拙的方式扭曲現(xiàn)實)”及第二段描述求職者的誤區(qū)，第三、四段描述公司的夸大招聘及應(yīng)該如何去做，第五段表示誠實招聘是有回報的，可知，本文說明了在求職中，公司往往夸大自己的文化，需求，工作內(nèi)容，環(huán)境等內(nèi)容，但是，在招聘中，最重要的就是誠實，這本身就是一種回報。B選項“如何讓招聘不再說謊”與本段主旨相符。故選B。D“Womanreadingbook,underanightsky,dreamyatmosphere,”ItypeintoDeepDreamGenerator’sText2Dreamfeature.Inlessthanaminute,animageisreturnedtomeshowingwhatI’vedescribed.WelcometotheworldofAIimagegeneration,whereyoucancreatewhatonthesurfacelooksliketop-rankartworkusingjustafewtextprompts(〖提示〗).Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.AIimagegenerationcouldinfluenceeverythingfromfilmtographicnovelsandmore.Children’sillustratorswerequicktoraiseconcernsaboutthetechnology.TheysayAI-generatedartistheexactoppositeofwhatartisbelievedtobe.Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitate(模仿)thestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandslightdifferenceintothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasexcellentasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughter,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.27.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofhisimagecreation?A.Exciting.B.Concerned.C.Unsatisfying. D.Shocking.28.Whatdochildren’sillustratorsvaluemostaboutart?A.Thefinalartwork. B.Externalexpressionsinart.C.Theoppositeofreality. D.Thejourneytocreation.29.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.TheethicalconcernsinAIartimitation.B.Humanartists’influenceonAIgenerators.C.Thesuperiorityofhumanartworks.D.Theover-relianceofhumanontechnology.30.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthelastparagraph?A.Artisthemirroroflife. B.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.C.Nomancandotwothingsatonce. D.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.〖答案〗27.C28.D29.A30.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章探討了人工智能圖像生成技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀和潛在問題，這種技術(shù)生成的圖像存在不自然之處且缺乏創(chuàng)造性，違背了兒童插畫家對藝術(shù)核心的理解，缺少最重要的創(chuàng)作過程，而且會引發(fā)一些倫理擔(dān)憂，同時導(dǎo)致對專業(yè)藝術(shù)家作品的貶低?！?7題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.(但仔細觀察就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些奇怪之處。在我的圖像中，這個女人的臉有著非常奇怪的特征，似乎拿著多本書。而且，雖然看到圖像出現(xiàn)時會有一種最初的興奮感，但卻沒有創(chuàng)造性的滿足感)”可知，作者認為這張創(chuàng)作出的圖像很奇怪，無法令人滿意。故選C項?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.(從根本上說，藝術(shù)就是把你內(nèi)心的感受轉(zhuǎn)化成外在的東西。無論采用何種形式，真正的藝術(shù)都是關(guān)于創(chuàng)造過程而不是最終作品)”可知，兒童插畫家最看重的是藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)作過程。故選D項?！?9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitate(模仿)thestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandslightdifferenceintothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.(除了創(chuàng)造力，還有更深層次的問題。為了根據(jù)〖提示〗創(chuàng)建圖像，人工智能生成器依賴于已經(jīng)存在的藝術(shù)和文本數(shù)據(jù)庫。這可能會導(dǎo)致在未經(jīng)其他藝術(shù)家同意的情況下，故意模仿其他藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)格。有一種觀點認為，人工智能生成器在受他人工作影響方面與人類沒有什么不同。然而，人類藝術(shù)家也會在混合中添加情感和細微的差異。人工智能不會這樣做——它只能復(fù)制)”可知，本段主要有關(guān)人工智能生成圖像可能涉及的倫理問題，這種生成可能會未經(jīng)藝術(shù)家同意模仿其風(fēng)格，且無法像人類藝術(shù)家那樣融入情感和細微差異。故選A項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasexcellentasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughter,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.(越來越多地使用人工智能也將導(dǎo)致藝術(shù)家的作品貶值。人們已經(jīng)對創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)生了負面偏見。人們會開始認為他們的“作品”和那些從事藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的人一樣優(yōu)秀。當(dāng)然，這是無稽之談。你可以用你的手機給你的女兒拍一張漂亮的照片，但你比不上專業(yè)人士)”可知，更多地使用人工智能導(dǎo)致人們進一步貶低藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的價值，但作者認為實際上人工智能生成的作品是無法與藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作者的作品相比的，這暗示了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作需要經(jīng)過長期的訓(xùn)練。因此，B項“羅馬不是一天建成的”指做事不能急于求成，只有付出努力并持之以恒，才能取得成功，最能總結(jié)本段表達的意思。A.藝術(shù)是生活的鏡子；C.一心不可二用；D.不要以貌取人。故選B項。第二節(jié)閱讀填空(5*2.5，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Foodisnotjustsomethingthatsupportslife,buttellsusstoriesaboutwhoweare,whatwevalue,andhowweestablishrelationships.____31____.Foodandculturalidentityarecloselytied.ThepreparationandpresentationofthetraditionalJapanesedisheslikesushiareconsideredanartform.____32____Similarly,theuseofspicesinIndiancuisinereflectsthecountry’srichagriculturalheritageanddiverseregionalflavors.Throughfood,individualsnotonlynourishtheirbodiesbutalsonurtureadeepconnectiontotheirculturalroots,cultivatingasenseofidentityandbelonging.____33____AtypicalItalianchildcannametwenty-twodifferentkindsofpasta,whileachildinCanadamightknowthreetofourdifferentkinds.Butit’snotjustthevocabularythatmatters.____34____Whenpeopleareaskedwhatcomestomindwhenthinkingoffriedeggs,theFrenchsay“breakfast”whileAmericanssay“cholesterol(膽固醇)”.TheFrenchprizethediningexperiencewhereasAmericanslayanemphasisonwhatisenteringthebloodstream.Foodconsumedbyonepersonaloneisnotasocialfood.However,whenconsumedbyagroupofpeopletogetheroreateninareligiousceremony,itbringspeopletogethersocially.Inhumansociety,foodisameansforpeopletoestablishrelationshipsbetweenoneanother.____35____Forinstance,intheSpringFestivalinChina,peopleeatdumplingstoexpresstherelationshipbetweenthemselvesandGod.Inanincreasinglyinterconnectedworldshapedbyglobalization,foodnotonlyhelpspreserveourculturebutbridgesculturalgaps,promotingunderstandingandappreciationacrossborders.A.Itoffersusdifferentperspectivestoknowaboutourculture.B.Traditionisawordfrequentlyreferredtointheirdictionary.C.Thisbondcanexistamongindividualsandreligiousgroups.D.Aculture’sfoodvocabularyisalsoawindowintoitsvalues.E.Theymirrorpeople’sculturallyrootedrespectforartisticvalue.F.Itenablespeopletomakesfriendswitheachotherwhiledining.G.Itisalsotheattitudesthataretransmittedthroughlanguageaboutfood.〖答案〗31.A32.E33.D34.G35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了食物不僅是維持生命的基礎(chǔ)，更是文化身份的載體，它加深了個體與其文化根源的聯(lián)系，反映了不同文化的飲食習(xí)慣和價值觀，以及食物在社會交往和宗教儀式中的團結(jié)作用，促進了全球化背景下跨文化的理解和尊重?！?1題詳析】上文“Foodisnotjustsomethingthatsupportslife,buttellsusstoriesaboutwhoweare,whatwevalue,andhowweestablishrelationships.(食物不僅僅是維持生命的東西，它還告訴我們是誰、我們珍視什么以及我們?nèi)绾谓㈥P(guān)系的故事)”說明食物除了維持生命外，還具備其他作用，以及下文“Foodandculturalidentityarecloselytied.(食物和文化特征緊密相連)”說明食物和文化具備緊密的聯(lián)系，A項中It指代上文提及的Food，A項“它為我們了解我們的文化提供了不同的視角。”進一步說明食物的作用，承上啟下，符合題意。故選A。【32題詳析】上文“The