廣東省廣州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末五校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省廣州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末五校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（滿分15分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)選擇（15*1,滿分15分）1.Doesthewayyouthoughtof______thewatercleanmakeanysense?A.making B.tomake C.made D.make〖答案〗B【詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：你想的讓水變干凈的方法有意義嗎？分析句子可知，本句中youthoughtof為定語(yǔ)從句，省略了關(guān)系詞，所以這里考查thewaytodosth表“做某事的方法”，其中不定式作定語(yǔ)，修飾前面名詞way。故選B項(xiàng)。2.When______help,oneoftensays“Thankyou”or“It’skindofyou”.A.beingoffered B.tooffer C.offered D.offering〖答案〗C【詳析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意：當(dāng)被給予幫助的時(shí)候，一個(gè)人經(jīng)常說(shuō)“謝謝你”或“你真好”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)是一致的，并且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞，故滿足狀語(yǔ)從句省略的條件，結(jié)合句意，one和offer為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，從句完整結(jié)構(gòu)形式為Whenoneisofferedhelp。故選C項(xiàng)。3.Everyonepresent,parentsandteachersincluded,______theirattentiononthephotosrecordingeverystudent'sgrowthshownonthePPT.A.focused B.focus C.focusing D.tofocus〖答案〗A【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在場(chǎng)的每個(gè)人，包括家長(zhǎng)和老師，都把注意力集中在PPT上展示的記錄每個(gè)學(xué)生成長(zhǎng)的照片上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語(yǔ)，因此處描述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，focus的過(guò)去式是focused。故選A項(xiàng)。4.Itisbelievedthatthehighway______nowwillbringprosperitytothevillage.A.constructing B.isconstructedC.isbeingconstructed D.beingconstructed〖答案〗D【詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：人們相信現(xiàn)在正在修建的公路會(huì)給這個(gè)村莊帶來(lái)繁榮。從句已有謂語(yǔ)，空處是非謂語(yǔ)，construct“修建”和highway邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且結(jié)合“now”可知，行為正在進(jìn)行中，因此用construct現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，作highway的后置定語(yǔ)。故選D。5.Thereweretwogroupsofchildren______intheexperiment,______hadamusictestwhiletheotherdidn’t.A.tookpart;oneofthem B.takingpart;oneofwhichC.takingpart;oneofwhom D.totakepart;oneofwhich〖答案〗B【詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和定語(yǔ)從句。句意：有兩組孩子參加了這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，其中一組有音樂(lè)測(cè)試，而另一組沒(méi)有。第一空take與children構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)；第二空為介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞groups，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，指物，應(yīng)用which。故選B。6.Becausetheshop______,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.A.isclosingdown B.wasabouttoclosedownC.hascloseddown D.hadcloseddown〖答案〗A【詳析】考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。句意：因?yàn)樯痰暌P(guān)門(mén)了，所有的T恤都半價(jià)出售。這里考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示未來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，isclosingdown表示“將要關(guān)門(mén)”。故選A項(xiàng)。7.Thecompetitionwassoclosethatnoonewassurewho______theBestActoraward.A.wasgoingtowin B.wasabouttowinC.wastowin D.wouldwin〖答案〗D【詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)如此激烈，以至于沒(méi)有人確定誰(shuí)會(huì)獲得最佳男主角獎(jiǎng)。so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)表示“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，根據(jù)was可知，從句描述過(guò)去的情況，且結(jié)合語(yǔ)意，沒(méi)有人確定的是誰(shuí)將會(huì)獲得最佳男主角獎(jiǎng)，who引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，表示從過(guò)去看即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即woulddo結(jié)構(gòu)。wasgoingtodo表示在過(guò)去計(jì)劃安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，wasabouttodo表示馬上、立刻去做某事，不能和表將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，wastodo表示過(guò)去將來(lái)，通常是計(jì)劃、命令、將來(lái)、命中注定等，均不符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。8.Theancientcity,______wasoncethecenterofanempire,______byarchaeologistsandhistoriansforoveradecadeandhasyieldedmanysignificantfindings.A.which;wasstudied B.where;wasstudiedC.which;hasbeenstudied D.where;hadbeenstudied〖答案〗C【詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這座古城曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)帝國(guó)的中心，考古學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家對(duì)它進(jìn)行了十多年的研究，并取得了許多重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。第一空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞city，在從句作主語(yǔ)，指物，故用which；第二空作謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞study構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文foroveradecade可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選C。9.WhichsentencedoesNOTmakesense?A.Peterisamanwhopaysattentiontodetails.B.Peterisaman,whopaysattentiontodetails.C.Idon’tlikechildrenwhoarealwaysnaughty.D.Idon’tlikechildren,whoarealwaysnaughty.〖答案〗B【詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A.Peterisamanwhopaysattentiontodetails.彼得是一個(gè)注重細(xì)節(jié)的男人；B.Peterisaman,whopaysattentiontodetails.彼得是一個(gè)男人，他注意細(xì)節(jié)。C.Idon’tlikechildrenwhoarealwaysnaughty.我不喜歡總是淘氣的孩子。D.Idon’tlikechildren,whoarealwaysnaughty.我不喜歡孩子，他們總是淘氣。選項(xiàng)B中who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)先行詞“aman”起到附加說(shuō)明的作用，表示“彼得是一個(gè)男人，他注意細(xì)節(jié)。”，句意表達(dá)有偏差，講不通，應(yīng)用限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故選B。10.Thoughthestepsaretheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure______offersaplace______youcansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.A.which;and B.and;which C.that;where D.and;where〖答案〗D【詳析】考查并列句及定語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管臺(tái)階是你攀登山峰過(guò)程中唯一不自然的事物，但它突出了整個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)，提供了一個(gè)你可以坐下來(lái)休息你酸痛雙腿的地方。“highlightsthewholeadventure”和“offersaplace”都是it發(fā)出來(lái)的動(dòng)作，it指代臺(tái)階?？梢耘袛噙@里是并列句，使用and并列兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞；橫線二后引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是place，在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該使用where引導(dǎo)。故選D。11.StephenHawkingbelievedthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that B.where C.why D.which〖答案〗B【詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金認(rèn)為，地球不太可能是唯一一個(gè)生命逐漸發(fā)展的星球。這里考查定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為theonlyplanet，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故選B項(xiàng)。12.Shetoldmethatshehadabeautifulstoryaboutalittleboy______shewassureIshouldlikebetterthanTheScarletLetter.A.which B.who C.aboutwhich D.ofwhom〖答案〗D【詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：她告訴我她有一個(gè)關(guān)于一個(gè)小男孩的美麗故事，她確信我會(huì)比喜歡《紅字》更喜歡這個(gè)故事。先行詞是alittleboy，且結(jié)合“besureof...”表示“確信……”，關(guān)系詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，先行詞指人，所以用“ofwhom”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故選D項(xiàng)。13.It'samysterywhoinventedtheglassharp.SomesayitfirstappearedinChina______otherssayPersia,butitwasinEurope______itbecamemostpopular.A.while;where B.but;when C.while;that D.and;that〖答案〗C【詳析】考查連詞和強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。句意：誰(shuí)發(fā)明了玻璃琴仍是一個(gè)謎。有人說(shuō)它最早出現(xiàn)在中國(guó)，而其他人則說(shuō)是波斯，但正是在歐洲它變得最為流行。第一個(gè)空格前后的句子是對(duì)比關(guān)系，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折或者并列關(guān)系，因此，使用“while”可以表達(dá)兩者之間的對(duì)比，即“一方面……另一方面……”，這符合句意。第二個(gè)空格所在的部分是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“Itwas...that...”的結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)“inEurope”，也就是正是在歐洲這個(gè)地方玻璃琴變得最流行。故選C項(xiàng)。14.ThankstohisremarkableperformanceontheSAT,notonly______intoHarvard,______afullscholarship.A.washeaccepted;butalsowashegivenB.washeaccepted;butalsohewasgivenC.hewasaccepted;butalsowashegivenD.hewasaccepted;butalsohewasgiven〖答案〗B【詳析】考查倒裝句。句意：由于他在SAT考試中的出色表現(xiàn)，他不僅被哈佛大學(xué)錄取，而且還獲得了全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。notonly...butalso...是固定搭配，意為“不僅……而且……”，notonly置于句首引導(dǎo)部分倒裝句，notonly后的句子要倒裝，butalso后的句子不倒裝。故選B。15.Undernocircumstances______.A.shouldthepatientbeleftunattendedB.shouldthepatientleftbeunattendedC.shouldbeleftunattendedthepatientD.shouldbethepatientleftunattended〖答案〗A【詳析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：在任何情況下都不應(yīng)讓病人無(wú)人看管?！安∪吮涣粝聼o(wú)人看管”thepatientshouldbeleftunattended，其中unattended作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，介詞短語(yǔ)Undernocircumstances置于句首，句子使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should提到主語(yǔ)thepatient之前，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的其余部分仍然放在主語(yǔ)之后，即shouldthepatientbeleftunattended。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分閱讀（滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（15*2.5,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATooMuchofaGoodThing—theLawofUnintendedConsequencesGovernmentleaderstryhardtomakethebestdecisions.Sometimestheysurveythegeneralpublic,getexpertadviceandholdmeetings.Ofcourse,wealreadyknowthefollowingfromAesop’sfable“TheMan,theBoy,andtheDonkey”:pleaseall,andyouwillpleasenone.Thepolicy-makersarewellawareofthat.Butsadly,thereareinfacttimeswhendecisionsmadeingoodfaithandwiththebestofintentionsresultinundesiredoutcomes.InAustraliaAlargetoad(蟾蜍),knownasthecanetoad,nativetothesouthernUnitedStatesandBrazil,wasintroducedintoAustraliatocontrolakindofpests(害蟲(chóng))harmfultopeople’scrops.Thisintroductionofaforeignspecieswasdoneaftercarefulexamination.Atthattime,itwasbelievedthattheintroductionofthetoadhadserveditspurpose.However,laterstudiesconcludedthatthecanetoad’shugeappetitehascausedconsiderabledamagetothenativeAustralianecosystem,withitsnumbertotallyoutofcontrol.InIcelandAlovelypurpleflower,theAlaskanLupinisabigconcerninIceland.ThespecieswasintroducedintoIcelandtopreventsoilfrombeingwashedaway.Butitgrewandspreadlikeaweed,threateningthegrowthofnearbyplants.NowthegovernmentisworkingonhavingstudentsfromIcelandandabroadmovingintocutdowntheLupinand,ifpossible,removeitsseedsfromtheground.InCanadaCanadianForestServicehasbecome“toosuccessful”withitsfire-preventionpolicy.Fireisanaturalpartofthelifecycleofforests,andthereductionofforestfirescreatednewproblems.Agedtreeswhichshouldhavebeenkilledoffbyfireareeasilyinfectedbypestsanddiseasesandpassthemtoneighboringtrees.TheyarenowthreateningtodestroytheforestsofBritishColumbiaandAlberta.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1mean?A.It’simpossibletosatisfyeveryone.B.It’simportanttohavegoodmanners.C.It’schallengingtocollectopinions.D.It’snecessarytopredictthefuture.17.WhatdoAustraliaandIcelandhaveincommonaccordingtothetext?A.Theysufferedeconomicloss.B.Theyimportedaforeignspecies.C.Theyachievedwhattheydesired.D.Theymanagedtodealwiththetrouble.18.Whatdoesthewritertrytotellus?A.Introductionofaforeignspeciesisamistake.B.Toomanygoodthingscanbringbadconsequences.C.Policymakingshouldbetakenmoreseriously.D.Goodintentionsmaynotleadtodesiredresults.〖答案〗16.A17.B18.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章探討了“好事過(guò)猶不及”的現(xiàn)象，通過(guò)澳大利亞、冰島和加拿大的三個(gè)事例說(shuō)明了出于善意和良好意圖做出的決定有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致意想不到的負(fù)面后果?！?6題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句及其上文“Ofcourse,wealreadyknowthefollowingfromAesop’sfable“TheMan,theBoy,andtheDonkey”:pleaseall,andyouwillpleasenone.Thepolicy-makersarewellawareofthat.(當(dāng)然，我們已經(jīng)從伊索寓言《男人、兒子和驢》中知道了下面這句話：想討好所有人，你就會(huì)弄得人人不悅。政策制定者很清楚這一點(diǎn))”可推知，政策制定者很清楚的是一則伊索寓言揭示的道理：讓每個(gè)人都滿意是不可能的，畫(huà)線的that指的就是這一道理。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InAustralia中“Alargetoad(蟾蜍),knownasthecanetoad,nativetothesouthernUnitedStatesandBrazil,wasintroducedintoAustraliatocontrolakindofpests(害蟲(chóng))harmfultopeople’scrops.(一種大蟾蜍，被稱(chēng)為甘蔗蟾蜍，原產(chǎn)于美國(guó)南部和巴西，被引入澳大利亞，以控制一種對(duì)人們的農(nóng)作物有害的害蟲(chóng))”和InIceland中“ThespecieswasintroducedintoIcelandtopreventsoilfrombeingwashedaway.(這種物種被引入冰島是為了防止土壤被沖走)”可知，澳大利亞和冰島的共同之處在于它們都引進(jìn)了外來(lái)物種。故選B項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是文章的標(biāo)題“TooMuchofaGoodThing—theLawofUnintendedConsequences(好事過(guò)猶不及——意外后果法則)”和第一段中“Butsadly,thereareinfacttimeswhendecisionsmadeingoodfaithandwiththebestofintentionsresultinundesiredoutcomes.(但令人遺憾的是，事實(shí)上有時(shí)出于善意和最佳意圖做出的決定會(huì)導(dǎo)致意想不到的結(jié)果)”可知，文章圍繞“好事過(guò)猶不及”的現(xiàn)象展開(kāi)，通過(guò)澳大利亞、冰島和加拿大的三個(gè)事例說(shuō)明了出于善意和良好意圖做出的決定有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致意想不到的負(fù)面后果。由此可知，作者想告訴我們：良好的意圖未必會(huì)帶來(lái)理想的結(jié)果。故選D項(xiàng)。BI’vebeeninan18-yearlove-haterelationshipwithablackwalnuttree.It’sauniquetree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(頭骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatlivenextdoortothem.UmbrellasintheyardareamustwhiledininginearlyAugust,andasforme,Iwearmybikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewithhopesthatmaybetheblackwalnutwouldacceptthem,buttheyfailedtogrow.Whatdoesworkarenativeplantsthatnaturallygrowinthearea.Nativeplantsareimportanttohavearoundsincetheyprovidebeneficialpollinators(傳粉者)likebirds,beesandbutterflieswithseedsandcontributetoahealthyandbiodiverseenvironment.Nativeplantsforthisareaaregenerallyeasytogrow,sotheyexperiencelessstress.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.It’salsoprotectedunderthelaw.Rightfullyso.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseasonholds:Whatarethechancesofbeingknockedunconsciouswhilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I’llneverbepleased.I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.Inreturn,mywalnutoffersahabitatforwildlifeandareminder.19.Whydoestheauthorwearabikehelmetwhileworkinginthegarden?A.Toprotecttheinjuredskull.B.Toavoidbeinghitbythenuts.C.Topreventherselffromsunburn.D.Toprotectherselffromfallingover.20.Whatisthetree’ssurvivalstrategy?A.Itacceptsnewplantvarieties.B.Itattractsbeneficialpollinators.C.Itletsoutapoisontodriveawaypests.D.Itproducesachemicaldeadlytosomeplants.21.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthewalnuttree?A.Pleased. B.Conflicted. C.Curious. D.Disapproving.22.Theauthormostprobablygotareminderfromthetreethat______.A.It'sbettertoacceptthantoresist.B.It'sbettertoactthantothinkC.It'sbettertocompetethantogiveup.D.It'sbettertoprotectthantodestroy.〖答案〗19.B20.D21.B22.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，主要講述作者后院的黑胡桃樹(shù)給他帶來(lái)困擾，但同時(shí)也讓作者感到自然的生機(jī)。于是，作者學(xué)會(huì)包容接納，享受與黑核桃樹(shù)相伴的生活?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballsthreatentheskulls(頭骨)ofyou,yourchildren,yourneighborsandthosethatlivenextdoortothem.(在9月底或10月初，像棒球一樣堅(jiān)硬的水果會(huì)威脅到你、你的孩子、你的鄰居和他們隔壁的人的頭骨。)”可知，作者在果園里勞動(dòng)時(shí)，會(huì)佩戴一個(gè)自行車(chē)頭盔，是為了保護(hù)頭部不會(huì)被樹(shù)上掉落的堅(jiān)硬果實(shí)砸傷。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasacompetitivestrategy.It’spoisonoustoseveralcommonplants.(作為一種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)策略，黑胡桃還通過(guò)其根部釋放出一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。它對(duì)幾種常見(jiàn)的植物有毒。)”可知，黑胡桃樹(shù)的生存策略就是釋放一種對(duì)其他一些常見(jiàn)植物物種有毒的物質(zhì)，以獨(dú)占生存資源。故選D項(xiàng)。【21題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第五段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有沒(méi)有想過(guò)擺脫我小小后院的巨大痛苦？是的，然而，要除掉這棵50英尺高、樹(shù)干87英寸的樹(shù)幾乎是不可能的。)”和第六段“SometimesIthinkaboutmylifewithouttheblackwalnut.Ican’timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I’dmissfallingasleeponlazyweekendafternoonsasIlookupintoitsleaves.(有時(shí)我會(huì)想起沒(méi)有黑胡桃的生活。我無(wú)法想象春天里沒(méi)有每年黎明前都會(huì)到來(lái)并大聲唱歌的鳥(niǎo)兒。我會(huì)懷念在周末慵懶的下午抬頭看著它的葉子入睡。)”可知，作者對(duì)黑胡桃樹(shù)是又恨又愛(ài)的，換句話說(shuō)，這種情感是矛盾沖突的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmytinybackyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkisnexttoimpossible.(我有沒(méi)有想過(guò)擺脫我小小后院的巨大痛苦？是的，然而，要除掉這棵50英尺高、樹(shù)干87英寸的樹(shù)幾乎是不可能的。)”和最后一段“I’mstuckwiththistree,soI’lllistentoitsneedsandgiveitthespaceitrequires.(我就與這棵樹(shù)相伴，所以我會(huì)傾聽(tīng)它的需求，給它所需的空間。)”可知，作者從這棵樹(shù)身上得到了這樣啟示：包容接納，而非抗拒，會(huì)讓生活更美好。故選A項(xiàng)。CHiringprocessescanbethoughtofasabattlebetweenintegrityanddishonesty.Youmightimaginethisisasimplefightbetweentruth-seekingfirmsandself-promotingapplicants,andtoacertainextentitis.Butcompaniesthemselvestendtobendrealityoutofshapeinwaysthatareself-defeating.Startwiththeobviouswrongdoers:jobapplicants.Whenitcomestowritingtheresume（簡(jiǎn)歷）,theyarelikelytobeautifyrealityintothemostattractiveshapepossible.Everyonebeyondacertainlevelofexperienceisatransformationalleaderpersonallyresponsibleforgeneratingmillionsofincome;theworldeconomywouldbeabout15timesbiggerthanitactuallyisifallsuchclaimsweretrue.TheaverageBritishpeoplespendfourandahalfhoursadaywatchingTVandonlinevideos.Buteachaveragejobcandidateisanenthusiastforpublicwelfare,usingtheirsparetimeonlyforworthypurposes,likevolunteeringinsoupkitchens.Butthetendencytooverturnthetruthnegativelyimpactscompaniesaswellasapplicants.Thetypicalfirmwillwriteajobdescriptionthatinvariablydescribestheworkenvironmentasfast-pacedandinnovative,andthenlaysoutasetofimprobablerequirementsforthe"idealcandidate",someonewhoalmostbydefinitiondoesnotexist.Sometimes,therequirementsincludeanabilitytogobackandchangethecourseofhistory.Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews,whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.Oneeffectivestrategyistolayoutintextorvideowhatatypicaldayintherolewouldlooklike.Suchhonestycanbeitsownreward.Researchhaslongsuggestedthatrealisticjobpreviewsleadtolowerturnoverandhigheremployeesatisfaction.Apaperin2011byDavidEamestofTowsonUniversityandhisco-authorsconcludedthatfavourableperceptionsoftheorganisation'shonestyarethebestexplanationforwhy.Soaprocessdesignedtouncoverthetruthaboutjobapplicantswouldrunalotmoresmoothlyiffirmswerealsohonestaboutthemselves.23.Whyare"leader"and"enthusiast"mentionedinparagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceofpresentingapersonalimage.B.Todescribethehiringprocessofalargecompany.C.Tomakeacomparisonbetweendifferentinterviewers.D.Toshowjobapplicants'attempttoappeargood.24.Whatproblemsdomanyfirmshate?A.Theysetgoalsfortheiremplovees.B.Theyfailstoprovidehonestjobdescription.C.Theirworkingenvironmentisstressful.D.Theyarebecominglessfriendlytoemployees.25.Whatarejobpreviewsexpectedtobelikeinparagraph.4?A.Theyshowapositionasitis. B.Theyaremadeeitherintextorvideo.C.Theyarefavorableforbiggerfirms. D.Theymainlycontainnegativesofajob.26.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Painsandgainsofemployees. B.Howtogetthelyingoutofhiring.C.Howtobemoreappealinginhiring. D.Awarbetweenapplicantsandcompanies.〖答案〗23.D24.B25.A26.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于說(shuō)明文。它通過(guò)對(duì)招聘過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行闡述和分析，說(shuō)明招聘中誠(chéng)信的重要性及其對(duì)企業(yè)和求職者雙方的影響?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Whenitcomestowritingtheresume,theyarelikelytobeautifyrealityintothemostattractiveshapepossible.（當(dāng)涉及到寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)歷時(shí)，他們傾向于將現(xiàn)實(shí)美化為盡可能吸引人的樣子。）”及隨后舉出的例子，如每個(gè)人都聲稱(chēng)自己是“transformationalleader”，以及本段中的“theworldeconomywouldbeabout15timesbiggerthanitactuallyisifallsuchclaimsweretrue.(如果所有這些說(shuō)法都是真的，那么世界經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模將是實(shí)際規(guī)模的15倍左右。)”，說(shuō)明這實(shí)際上是在夸大個(gè)人的能力和成就，可知這里提“l(fā)eader”和“enthusiast”是為了展示求職者試圖在簡(jiǎn)歷中表現(xiàn)出最好的一面。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thetypicalfirmwillwriteajobdescriptionthatinvariablydescribestheworkenvironmentasfast-pacedandinnovative(典型的公司會(huì)寫(xiě)一份工作描述，總是把工作環(huán)境描述為快節(jié)奏和創(chuàng)新的)”和第四段首句“Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews, whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.（很少有公司能在工作預(yù)覽中準(zhǔn)確描述職位的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，這本應(yīng)讓潛在員工真正了解工作的消極和積極因素，并清楚地了解公司的企業(yè)文化。）”可知，很多公司通常會(huì)描述工作環(huán)境為快節(jié)奏和創(chuàng)新，并列出一系列理想候選人的不可能的要求，這表明許多公司討厭的問(wèn)題就是他們未能提供誠(chéng)實(shí)的工作描述。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Toofewfirmsofferanaccurateaccountofwhatapositionactuallyinvolvesintheirjobpreviews,whicharesupposedtogivepotentialemployeesarealsenseofthenegativesandpositivesofthejob,aswellasaclearideaofthecompany’scorporateculture.Oneeffectivestrategyistolayoutintextorvideowhatatypicaldayintherolewouldlooklike.(很少有公司能在工作預(yù)覽中準(zhǔn)確描述職位的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，這本應(yīng)讓潛在員工真正了解工作的消極和積極因素，并清楚地了解公司的企業(yè)文化。一種有效的策略是通過(guò)文本或視頻來(lái)展示角色的典型一天。)”可知，本段中表達(dá)的意思是，大家都期盼的職位預(yù)告是讓公司準(zhǔn)確描述職位的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，讓潛在員工真正了解工作的消極和積極因素，通過(guò)文本或視頻來(lái)展示角色的典型一天。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hiringprocessescanbethoughtofasabattlebetweenintegrityanddishonesty.Youmightimaginethisisasimplefightbetweentruth-seekingfirmsandself-promotingcandidates,andtoacertainextentitis.Butcompaniesthemselvestendtobendrealityoutofshapeinwaysthatareself-defeating.(招聘過(guò)程可以被看作是誠(chéng)信與不誠(chéng)實(shí)之間的一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為這是尋求真相的公司和自我推銷(xiāo)的候選人之間的一場(chǎng)簡(jiǎn)單的斗爭(zhēng)，在某種程度上確實(shí)如此。但企業(yè)本身往往會(huì)以弄巧成拙的方式扭曲現(xiàn)實(shí))”及第二段描述求職者的誤區(qū)，第三、四段描述公司的夸大招聘及應(yīng)該如何去做，第五段表示誠(chéng)實(shí)招聘是有回報(bào)的，可知，本文說(shuō)明了在求職中，公司往往夸大自己的文化，需求，工作內(nèi)容，環(huán)境等內(nèi)容，但是，在招聘中，最重要的就是誠(chéng)實(shí)，這本身就是一種回報(bào)。B選項(xiàng)“如何讓招聘不再說(shuō)謊”與本段主旨相符。故選B。D“Womanreadingbook,underanightsky,dreamyatmosphere,”ItypeintoDeepDreamGenerator’sText2Dreamfeature.Inlessthanaminute,animageisreturnedtomeshowingwhatI’vedescribed.WelcometotheworldofAIimagegeneration,whereyoucancreatewhatonthesurfacelooksliketop-rankartworkusingjustafewtextprompts(〖提示〗).Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.AIimagegenerationcouldinfluenceeverythingfromfilmtographicnovelsandmore.Children’sillustratorswerequicktoraiseconcernsaboutthetechnology.TheysayAI-generatedartistheexactoppositeofwhatartisbelievedtobe.Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitate(模仿)thestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandslightdifferenceintothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasexcellentasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughter,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.27.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofhisimagecreation?A.Exciting.B.Concerned.C.Unsatisfying. D.Shocking.28.Whatdochildren’sillustratorsvaluemostaboutart?A.Thefinalartwork. B.Externalexpressionsinart.C.Theoppositeofreality. D.Thejourneytocreation.29.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.TheethicalconcernsinAIartimitation.B.Humanartists’influenceonAIgenerators.C.Thesuperiorityofhumanartworks.D.Theover-relianceofhumanontechnology.30.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthelastparagraph?A.Artisthemirroroflife. B.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.C.Nomancandotwothingsatonce. D.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.〖答案〗27.C28.D29.A30.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章探討了人工智能圖像生成技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀和潛在問(wèn)題，這種技術(shù)生成的圖像存在不自然之處且缺乏創(chuàng)造性，違背了兒童插畫(huà)家對(duì)藝術(shù)核心的理解，缺少最重要的創(chuàng)作過(guò)程，而且會(huì)引發(fā)一些倫理?yè)?dān)憂，同時(shí)導(dǎo)致對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)藝術(shù)家作品的貶低?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.(但仔細(xì)觀察就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些奇怪之處。在我的圖像中，這個(gè)女人的臉有著非常奇怪的特征，似乎拿著多本書(shū)。而且，雖然看到圖像出現(xiàn)時(shí)會(huì)有一種最初的興奮感，但卻沒(méi)有創(chuàng)造性的滿足感)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這張創(chuàng)作出的圖像很奇怪，無(wú)法令人滿意。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.(從根本上說(shuō)，藝術(shù)就是把你內(nèi)心的感受轉(zhuǎn)化成外在的東西。無(wú)論采用何種形式，真正的藝術(shù)都是關(guān)于創(chuàng)造過(guò)程而不是最終作品)”可知，兒童插畫(huà)家最看重的是藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)作過(guò)程。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitate(模仿)thestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandslightdifferenceintothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.(除了創(chuàng)造力，還有更深層次的問(wèn)題。為了根據(jù)〖提示〗創(chuàng)建圖像，人工智能生成器依賴(lài)于已經(jīng)存在的藝術(shù)和文本數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致在未經(jīng)其他藝術(shù)家同意的情況下，故意模仿其他藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)格。有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，人工智能生成器在受他人工作影響方面與人類(lèi)沒(méi)有什么不同。然而，人類(lèi)藝術(shù)家也會(huì)在混合中添加情感和細(xì)微的差異。人工智能不會(huì)這樣做——它只能復(fù)制)”可知，本段主要有關(guān)人工智能生成圖像可能涉及的倫理問(wèn)題，這種生成可能會(huì)未經(jīng)藝術(shù)家同意模仿其風(fēng)格，且無(wú)法像人類(lèi)藝術(shù)家那樣融入情感和細(xì)微差異。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasexcellentasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughter,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.(越來(lái)越多地使用人工智能也將導(dǎo)致藝術(shù)家的作品貶值。人們已經(jīng)對(duì)創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面偏見(jiàn)。人們會(huì)開(kāi)始認(rèn)為他們的“作品”和那些從事藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的人一樣優(yōu)秀。當(dāng)然，這是無(wú)稽之談。你可以用你的手機(jī)給你的女兒拍一張漂亮的照片，但你比不上專(zhuān)業(yè)人士)”可知，更多地使用人工智能導(dǎo)致人們進(jìn)一步貶低藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的價(jià)值，但作者認(rèn)為實(shí)際上人工智能生成的作品是無(wú)法與藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作者的作品相比的，這暗示了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作需要經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的訓(xùn)練。因此，B項(xiàng)“羅馬不是一天建成的”指做事不能急于求成，只有付出努力并持之以恒，才能取得成功，最能總結(jié)本段表達(dá)的意思。A.藝術(shù)是生活的鏡子；C.一心不可二用；D.不要以貌取人。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)閱讀填空(5*2.5，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Foodisnotjustsomethingthatsupportslife,buttellsusstoriesaboutwhoweare,whatwevalue,andhowweestablishrelationships.____31____.Foodandculturalidentityarecloselytied.ThepreparationandpresentationofthetraditionalJapanesedisheslikesushiareconsideredanartform.____32____Similarly,theuseofspicesinIndiancuisinereflectsthecountry’srichagriculturalheritageanddiverseregionalflavors.Throughfood,individualsnotonlynourishtheirbodiesbutalsonurtureadeepconnectiontotheirculturalroots,cultivatingasenseofidentityandbelonging.____33____AtypicalItalianchildcannametwenty-twodifferentkindsofpasta,whileachildinCanadamightknowthreetofourdifferentkinds.Butit’snotjustthevocabularythatmatters.____34____Whenpeopleareaskedwhatcomestomindwhenthinkingoffriedeggs,theFrenchsay“breakfast”whileAmericanssay“cholesterol(膽固醇)”.TheFrenchprizethediningexperiencewhereasAmericanslayanemphasisonwhatisenteringthebloodstream.Foodconsumedbyonepersonaloneisnotasocialfood.However,whenconsumedbyagroupofpeopletogetheroreateninareligiousceremony,itbringspeopletogethersocially.Inhumansociety,foodisameansforpeopletoestablishrelationshipsbetweenoneanother.____35____Forinstance,intheSpringFestivalinChina,peopleeatdumplingstoexpresstherelationshipbetweenthemselvesandGod.Inanincreasinglyinterconnectedworldshapedbyglobalization,foodnotonlyhelpspreserveourculturebutbridgesculturalgaps,promotingunderstandingandappreciationacrossborders.A.Itoffersusdifferentperspectivestoknowaboutourculture.B.Traditionisawordfrequentlyreferredtointheirdictionary.C.Thisbondcanexistamongindividualsandreligiousgroups.D.Aculture’sfoodvocabularyisalsoawindowintoitsvalues.E.Theymirrorpeople’sculturallyrootedrespectforartisticvalue.F.Itenablespeopletomakesfriendswitheachotherwhiledining.G.Itisalsotheattitudesthataretransmittedthroughlanguageaboutfood.〖答案〗31.A32.E33.D34.G35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了食物不僅是維持生命的基礎(chǔ)，更是文化身份的載體，它加深了個(gè)體與其文化根源的聯(lián)系，反映了不同文化的飲食習(xí)慣和價(jià)值觀，以及食物在社會(huì)交往和宗教儀式中的團(tuán)結(jié)作用，促進(jìn)了全球化背景下跨文化的理解和尊重?！?1題詳析】上文“Foodisnotjustsomethingthatsupportslife,buttellsusstoriesaboutwhoweare,whatwevalue,andhowweestablishrelationships.(食物不僅僅是維持生命的東西，它還告訴我們是誰(shuí)、我們珍視什么以及我們?nèi)绾谓㈥P(guān)系的故事)”說(shuō)明食物除了維持生命外，還具備其他作用，以及下文“Foodandculturalidentityarecloselytied.(食物和文化特征緊密相連)”說(shuō)明食物和文化具備緊密的聯(lián)系，A項(xiàng)中It指代上文提及的Food，A項(xiàng)“它為我們了解我們的文化提供了不同的視角?！边M(jìn)一步說(shuō)明食物的作用，承上啟下，符合題意。故選A?！?2題詳析】上文“The