吉林省松原市2023-2024學年高二下學期期末測試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1吉林省松原市2023-2024學年高二下學期期末測試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.HowdoesBettyfindthegift?A.Confused.B.Disappointed.C.Pleased.2.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inagym.C.Inaparkinglot.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thecyclistwenttoofast.B.Thedriverwasbadlyinjured.C.Thecyclistwashitbythecar.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodotomorrowevening?A.VisitBobinhishouse.B.GoshoppingwithBob.C.ExpectacallfromBob.5.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Books.B.Movies.C.Actors.7.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inthebookstore.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthecinema.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Adriver.B.Asinger.C.Adoctor.9.WhydidAlanfailtohelpthewoman?A.Hefellill.B.Hewaslate.C.Heforgotthetime.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shefailedtobuytheroastduck.B.Shefailedtopickupa.friend.C.Shegotoutoftheline.11.Howdidthewomandealwiththemanbehindher?A.Shegavehimahardhit.B.Shespokeangrilyathim.C.Sheboughtallducks.12.WhatdidRebeccathinkoftheroastduck?A.Salty.B.Tasty.C.Costly.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Doingscientificexperiments.B.HostingaTVprogram.C.Conductinganinterview.14.Whydidthemanchoosehismajoratfirst?A.Todevelophisinterestinscience.B.Tofindagoodjobinthefuture.C.Tobecomeanexcellentprofessor.15.Whatmakesthemanstressed?A.Failingtobalancestudyandpart-timejob.B.Beingunabletogetpaidfromhispart-timejob.C.Hispoorrelationshipwithhisparents.16.Whatwillthemantalkaboutnext?A.Thecausesofstress.B.Thebadeffectsofstress.C.Thewaystoreducestress.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.What’sthespeakerandAlice’sproblemthistime?A.It’shardtodecidethetraveldestination.B.Theydidnotknowthewaytotheplace.C.Notravelbookscansatisfyeitherofthem.18.WhichplacewouldAliceprobablyliketogoto?A.Adesert.B.Abeach.C.Amountain.19.WhatcanweknowaboutAlice?A.Sheworksveryhardallyearround.B.Sheoftentravelseverywhereglobally.C.Shehasbeentroubledbysleeplessness.20.WhatmightbeAlice’sattitudetothesuggestiontoIreland?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Worried.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A2024SpecialEditionofWorldHeritageStampsDiscoverthe2024SpecialEditionofWorldHeritageStamps,auniquecompilation(匯編)thatcelebratestheculturalandnaturalwondersoftheworld.Eachstampinthisexclusivecollectioniswell-designedtocapturetheessenceofitsrespectiveheritagesite.Thecollectionfeatures100commemorative(紀念的)stamps,showcasingadiverserangeoflandmarksfromaroundtheglobe,eachaccompaniedbyadescriptionthatprovideshistoricalandculturalcontext.Inadditiontothestandardstamps,thiseditionincludesalimited-editionminisheetcommemoratingthe50thanniversaryoftheWorldHeritageConvention,aswellasaspecialseriesdedicatedtoendangeredspeciesandtheirhabitats,raisingawarenessforconservationefforts.OrdernowandreceiveafreebookletAJourneyThroughHeritage,whichoffersanin-depthlookatthesignificanceofeachsiteandthestoriesbehindthestamps.Thiscollectionisnotjustforstampenthusiastsbutforanyonewhoappreciatesthebeautyandhistoryofourworld’streasures.ShippingandDelivery:●Ordersaredispatchedwithin1-2businessdaysfromourwarehouse,ensuringyoureceiveyourcollectionpromptly.●Standarddeliveryisfreeforordersover$50,withanominalfeeof$8forordersunderthatamount.●Expressdeliveryisavailableforanadditional$10,offeringnext-dayserviceinmosturbanareas.●Internationalshippingisofferedataflatrateof$20,withdeliverytimesrangingfrom7to21businessdays,dependingonthedestination.Pleasenotethatdeliverytimesmaybesubjecttochangeduetounforeseencircumstancessuchashighdemandorcarrierdelays.1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheaccompanyingbooklet?A.Toofferanin-depthexplorationofthesignificanceofeachsite.B.Toprovidehistoricaldataaboutworldheritagesites.C.Tonarratepersonaltravelexperiencesoftheauthor.D.Toremarkthedesignofthestamps.2.Whatisthemaximumpostagefeeforstandarddelivery?A.$5. B.$8. C.$10. D.$20.3.Whatcanweinferaboutthetargetaudienceofthiscollection?A.Itisaimedatconservationists.B.Ittargetsonlyprofessionalstampcollectors.C.Itisexclusivelyforpeoplelivinginurbanareas.D.Itissuitableforawiderangeofenthusiastsincludinghistorylovers.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹的是2024年特別版世界遺產(chǎn)郵票的相關信息?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“OrdernowandreceiveafreebookletAJourneyThroughHeritage,whichoffersanin-depthlookatthesignificanceofeachsiteandthestoriesbehindthestamps.(現(xiàn)在訂購，可免費獲贈一本AJourneyThroughHeritage小冊子，深入介紹每個景點的重要性和郵票背后的故事。)”可知，隨附小冊子的主要目的是對每個地點的意義進行深入的探索。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShippingandDelivery:部分的“Standarddeliveryisfreeforordersover$50,withanominalfeeof$8forordersunderthatamount.(超過50美元的訂單可免費享受標準送貨服務，低于50美元的訂單則收取8美元的象征性費用。)”可知，標準投遞的最高郵費是8美元。故選B。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thiscollectionisnotjustforstampenthusiastsbutforanyonewhoappreciatesthebeautyandhistoryofourworld’streasures.(這個收藏品不僅適合集郵愛好者，也適合任何欣賞世界寶藏之美和歷史的人。)”可知，這個系列適合包括歷史愛好者在內(nèi)的廣大愛好者。故選D。BAcharityclub,fundedentirelybyaman,wasestablishedinChengduintheearly2000s.Itfirstservedasa“homeawayfromhome”forruralstudentsattendingasportsschoolinneighboringAbaTibetan-QiangAutonomousPrefecture.Theclubprovidedfreemealsandaccommodationaswellastrainingfacilities.Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.Somechildrenhadalreadydroppedoutofschoolbeforejoiningtheclub,thefunderrevealedtomediain2017.AsthesestudentscouldnotbeofficiallyregisteredasresidentsofChengdu,theywerenotqualifiedtoattendpublicschoolsthere.Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.Aboy,borninAbain1999,joinedtheclubin2009.Beforethat,hewasinthirdgradeatalocalelementaryschool.Hisfatherpassedawaybeforehewasborn,andthefamilyhadbeenstrugglingeconomicallyeversince.Heheardabouttheclubfromhisheadmasteranddecidedtogothere.Startingfromscratch,theboyspenttwoyearsgettingreadytorepresenttheclubinSandacompetitions.In2015,theclubintroducedMMA(綜合格斗)andheswitchedfromWushuSandatoMMAin2015andwonhisfirstmatchatacompetitionrunbyHenanTV.“IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,”hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.“ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.”4.Whichstatementfitstheclub?A.Itchargesforservices. B.Ittargetsurbanstudents.C.Ithasbeenanentertainmentcenter. D.IthasevolvedintoaWushuschool.5.Howdidthefunderoftheclubhelpstudentswiththeirstudies?A.Byturningtomediaforacademichelp.B.Byqualifyingthemtoattendpublicschools.C.Byfindingteacherstoinstructthempart-time.D.Byprovidingmaterialsforthemtostudyindependently.6.Whatdidtheboymentionedinthetextwanttoconveytonewsmedia?A.Hewasbornwithhardship.B.HisinitialpassionwasMMA.C.Hisfirstwinwasofdecisivesignificance.D.HewasconstantlyconfidentaboutWushu.7.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheclub?A.Officialandselective. B.Supportiveandinfluential.C.Exclusiveandconventional. D.Temporaryandunstructured.〖答案〗4.D5.C6.C7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一家面向農(nóng)村學生的提供免費的食宿和訓練設施的慈善俱樂部，逐漸發(fā)展成為一所武術學校，并在學生業(yè)余時間教授學術科目?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.(漸漸地，它成為了一所面向農(nóng)村兒童的武術學校，并開始吸引源源不斷的學生，尤其是來自四川欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的學生。)”可知，俱樂部已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一所武術學校。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.(因此，他聘請了四名教師，在學生的業(yè)余時間(如晚上和周末)教授學術科目。)”可知，俱樂部的資助者通過找老師部分時間教授學生，來幫助學生學習。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,’hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.‘ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.’(他在2021年5月接受新聞媒體采訪時說：‘剛加入這個俱樂部時，我不確定自己是否適合武術?！斘以谮A得比賽后舉起雙臂，高興地大喊大叫時，我立刻意識到，綜合格斗是我一生都想做的事情?！?”可知，文中提到的男孩想向新聞媒體傳達，他的第一次勝利具有決定性意義。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theclubprovidedfreemealsandaccommodationaswellastrainingfacilities.Gradually,itbecameknownasaWushuschoolforchildrenfromruralareasandbegantoattractasteadyflowofstudents,especiallyfromunderdevelopedareasinSichuan.(俱樂部提供免費的食宿和訓練設施。漸漸地，它成為了一所面向農(nóng)村兒童的武術學校，并開始吸引源源不斷的學生，尤其是來自四川欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的學生。)”和第三段中“Consequently,heemployedfourteacherstoteachacademicsubjectsinthestudents’sparetimesuchasonnightsandweekends.(因此，他聘請了四名教師，在學生的業(yè)余時間(如晚上和周末)教授學術科目。)”可知，這個俱樂部是給予幫助和支持的。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘IwasnotsurewhetherIwassuitableforWushuwhenIfirstjoinedtheclub,’hetoldnewsmediainMay2021.‘ButwhenIraisedmyarmsandshoutedinhappinessafterwinningthematch,IknewimmediatelythatMMAwassomethingIwantedtodofortherestofmylife.’(他在2021年5月接受新聞媒體采訪時說：‘剛加入這個俱樂部時，我不確定自己是否適合武術?！斘以谮A得比賽后舉起雙臂，高興地大喊大叫時，我立刻意識到，綜合格斗是我一生都想做的事情?！?”可知，這個俱樂部是有影響力的，因此這個俱樂部是給予幫助和支持的，并且有影響力的。故選B項。CThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.Withoutgovernmentsupportfornaturalfarming,mostIndianfarmersstillusefarmchemicalsandfertilizers.Thatputsthematriskwhenextremeweatherhits.Manyfarmersarecallingforgreaterstateinvestmenttohelpthemdealwithclimatechange.LastDecember,astormbroughtheavyrainfallacrossIndia’ssoutheasterncoast.Itfloodedtownsandfields.Earlystudiesshowedmorethan240,000hectaresofcropsweredestroyedinAndhraPradeshstate.Rajusaidtherainwaterontheirfarmsflowedintothegroundinoneday.Thesoilcantakeinmorewaterbecauseitislesssolidthansoilwithfarmchemicals.Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.AndhesaidseeingRaju’scropsheldstrongwhilehiscropsfailedmadehimwanttolearnaboutotherfarmingmethods.Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm,asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia.“Forthenextplantingseason,Iplantolearnfromotherfarmerstogiveupfarmchemicals,”hesaid.8.WhatdrivestheexpansionofnaturalfarminginIndia?A.Thelimitedfarms. B.Theclimateimpactoncrops.C.Theincreaseduseofchemicals. D.Thereductionoffertilizers.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutfarmchemicalsfromparagraph4?A.Theyhelpcropsgrowstrongroots.B.Theyenhancesoil’swaterabsorption.C.Theyensuresoilremainsconsistentlywet.D.Theymakecropslessresistanttothestorm.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hemorrhage”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Loss. B.Increase. C.Benefit. D.Aid.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Chemicals:HarmingIndianFarmsB.Storms:aThreattoIndianFarmersC.NaturalFarming:anAnswertoExtremeWeatherD.IndianAgriculture:FacingtheEffectofClimateChange〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了自然農(nóng)業(yè)中的一種天然材料可以保護農(nóng)民的作物免受氣候變化的影響?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“FarmerslikeRajusaynaturalmaterialsprotecttheircropsfromclimatechangebecausethesoilcanholdmorewater.Andtheystressthecrops’strongerrootshelpplantsdealwithstrongwinds.Supporterssaynaturalfarmingissuccessfulinthestatebecauseofgovernmentsupport.Now,thesemethodsshouldbespreadacrossIndia’sagriculturallands.(像拉朱這樣的農(nóng)民說，天然材料可以保護他們的作物免受氣候變化的影響，因為土壤可以容納更多的水。他們還強調(diào)，作物結實的根系有助于植物應對強風。支持者表示，由于政府的支持，自然農(nóng)業(yè)在該州取得了成功。)”可知，氣候?qū)r(nóng)作物的影響推動了印度自然農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Soilwithfarmchemicalsisdry.Headdedthatplantingdifferentcropsthroughouttheyearhelpedkeepthesoilhealthy.However,Raju’sneighbor,SrikanthKanapala,saidhisfarmwasfloodedforfourdaysafterthestorm.Kanapalaoftenusesfarmchemicalsandfertilizersonhisfarm.(施用農(nóng)藥的土壤是干燥的。他補充說，全年種植不同的作物有助于保持土壤健康。然而，Raju的鄰居SrikanthKanapala說，風暴過后，他的農(nóng)場被洪水淹沒了四天。Kanapala經(jīng)常在他的農(nóng)場使用農(nóng)藥和化肥。)”可知，農(nóng)藥會使作物對暴風雨的抵抗力降低。故選D項?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句后文“asumthatconstitutedasignificanteconomicburdenforafarmerinIndia(對印度的一個農(nóng)民來說，這是一筆巨大的經(jīng)濟負擔。)”說明農(nóng)民的經(jīng)濟損失巨大，從而推知劃線詞句“Kanapalaexpectedapotentialfinancialhemorrhageofupto$600asaconsequenceofthestorm(Kanapala預計，這場風暴可能造成高達600美元的經(jīng)濟hemorrhage)”其中劃線詞應為“損失”的意思，與A項同義。故選A項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ThereisastrongsmellthatcomesoffRatnaRaju’sfarminthesoutheasternAndhraPradeshstateofIndia.Thesmellcomesfromamixtureofnaturalmaterials,likecowwasteanduntreatedsugar.Thenaturalmaterialshelpgrowandprotectcropsinanareaoftenhitbyextremeweatherandheat.(在印度東南部安得拉邦，RatnaRaju的農(nóng)場散發(fā)出一股強烈的氣味。這種氣味來自天然物質(zhì)的混合物，比如牛糞和未經(jīng)處理的糖。這種天然材料有助于在一個經(jīng)常遭受極端天氣和高溫襲擊的地區(qū)種植和保護作物。)”可知，本文主要介紹了自然農(nóng)業(yè)中的一種天然材料可以保護農(nóng)民的作物免受氣候變化的影響。C項“自然農(nóng)業(yè)：應對極端天氣”能概括文章主旨，為最佳標題。故選C項。DNewresearchhashighlightedthedeeplinkbetweendietarychoicesandbrainhealth.PublishedinNature,theresearchshowedthatahealthy,balanceddietwaslinkedtosuperiorbrainhealth,cognitivefunctionandmentalwell-being.Thestudy,involvingresearchersattheUniversityofWarwick,shedslightonhowourfoodpreferencesnotonlyinfluencephysicalhealthbutalsosignificantlyimpactbrainhealth.Thedietarychoicesofalargesampleof181,990participantsfromtheUKBiobankwereanalyzedandarangeofphysicalevaluationincludingcognitivefunctions,bloodmetabolicbiomarkers,brainimaging,andgeneticsunveilnewinsightsintotherelationshipbetweennutritionandoverallwell-being.Abalanceddietwasassociatedwithbettermentalhealth,superiorcognitivefunctionsandevenhigheramountsofgreymatterinthebrain—linkedtointelligence—comparedwiththosewithalessvarieddiet.Thestudyalsohighlightstheneedforgradualchangesineatinghabits,especiallyforpeoplewhoareusedtotastybutnutrient-poorfoods.Byslowlyreducingsugarandfatintakeovertime,peoplemayfindthemselvesnaturallytendtomakehealthierfoodchoices.Geneticfactorsmayalsocontributetotheassociationbetweendietandbrainhealth,thescientistsbelieve,showinghowacombinationofgeneticpredispositions(傾向)andlifestylechoicesshapeswell-being.LeadauthorProfessorJianfengFeng,UniversityofWarwick,emphasizedtheimportanceofestablishinghealthyfoodpreferencesearlyinlife.Hesaid,“Developingahealthybalanceddietfromanearlyageiscrucialforhealthygrowth.Tofosterthedevelopmentofahealthybalanceddiet,bothfamiliesandschoolsshouldofferadiverserangeofnutritiousmealsandcultivateanenvironmentthatsupportstheirphysicalandmentalhealth.”Co-authorWeiCheng,FudanUniversity,added,“Ourfindingsunderlinetheassociationsbetweendietarypatternsandbrainhealth,urgingcommoneffortsinpromotingnutritionalawarenessandfosteringhealthiereatinghabitsacrossdiversepopulations.”12.WhatdidtheresearchdoneattheUniversityofWarwickcentreon?A.Thelinkbetweenexerciseandbrainhealth.B.Theassociationbetweendietandbrainhealth.C.Theimpactofwell-beingoncognitivefunctions.D.Theeffectsofabalanceddietonmentalwell-being.13.Howdidresearchersdrawtheirconclusion?A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Byconductingsurveys.C.Bydoingexperiments. D.Byobservingparticipants.14.Whichofthefollowingisinfluencedbytheamountofgreymatterinthebrain?A.Aperson’sage. B.Aperson’sweight.C.Aperson’sheight. D.Aperson’scognition.15.Whatmaythetwoauthors,JianfengFengandWeiCheng,suggest?A.Gettingregularbrainhealthchecks. B.Improvingthenutritionineverymeal.C.Forminghealthyeatinghabitsearly. D.Promotinghealthawarenessinschool.〖答案〗12.B13.A14.D15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章的一項研究表明，飲食選擇與大腦健康之間有深刻聯(lián)系，健康均衡的飲食與卓越的大腦健康、認知功能和心理健康有關，強調(diào)盡早養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習慣的重要性?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中“Thestudy,involvingresearchersattheUniversityofWarwick,shedslightonhowourfoodpreferencesnotonlyinfluencephysicalhealthbutalsosignificantlyimpactbrainhealth.(這項由華威大學研究人員參與的研究揭示了我們的食物偏好如何不僅影響身體健康，而且顯著影響大腦健康)”可知，華威大學的研究主要集中在飲食與大腦健康之間的關系。故選B項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。由第二段“Thedietarychoicesofalargesampleof181,990participantsfromtheUKBiobankwereanalyzedandarangeofphysicalevaluationincludingcognitivefunctions,bloodmetabolicbiomarkers,brainimaging,andgeneticsunveilnewinsightsintotherelationshipbetweennutritionandoverallwell-being.(對來自英國生物庫的181,990名參與者的大樣本飲食選擇進行了分析，包括認知功能、血液代謝生物標志物、腦成像和遺傳學在內(nèi)的一系列身體評估揭示了營養(yǎng)與整體健康之間關系的新見解)”可知，研究人員對來自英國生物庫的181,990名參與者的大樣本飲食選擇進行了分析，即通過分析數(shù)據(jù)得出結論的。故選A項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Abalanceddietwasassociatedwithbettermentalhealth,superiorcognitivefunctionsandevenhigheramountsofgreymatterinthebrain—linkedtointelligence—comparedwiththosewithalessvarieddiet.(與飲食不太多樣化的人相比，均衡的飲食與更好的心理健康、更優(yōu)的認知功能，甚至與智力相關的大腦灰質(zhì)含量更高有關)”可知，智力高低與大腦灰質(zhì)含量多少有關，“一個人的認知”屬于大腦智力范疇，會受到大腦灰質(zhì)數(shù)量的影響。故選D項。【15題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中“LeadauthorProfessorJianfengFeng,UniversityofWarwick,emphasizedtheimportanceofestablishinghealthyfoodpreferencesearlyinlife.Hesaid,“Developingahealthybalanceddietfromanearlyageiscrucialforhealthygrowth.(主要作者、華威大學馮劍峰教授強調(diào)了在生命早期建立健康飲食偏好的重要性。他說：“從小養(yǎng)成健康均衡的飲食習慣對健康成長至關重要)”和最后一段中WeiCheng說的話“Ourfindingsunderlinetheassociationsbetweendietarypatternsandbrainhealth,urgingcommoneffortsinpromotingnutritionalawarenessandfosteringhealthiereatinghabitsacrossdiversepopulations.(我們的研究結果強調(diào)了飲食模式與大腦健康之間的關聯(lián)，敦促在不同人群中共同努力提高營養(yǎng)意識，培養(yǎng)更健康的飲食習慣)”可知，JianfengFeng和WeiCheng建議人們盡早養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習慣。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheImportanceofRegularEyeExamsRegulareyeexamsarejustasimportantasmaintaininggoodeyecarehabits.Herearesomeconvincingreasonswhyyoushouldscheduleyournexteyecheck-up.Preventionisbetterthancure.Routineeyeexamsarecrucialformaintaininghealthyvisionanddetectingissuesearlyon.___16___Yourdoctorwillprovideyouwithpersonalizedadviceandrecommendations.Thegoalofaneyeexamistoidentifyandaddresspotentialproblemsbeforetheybecomemoreserious.You’venoticedachangeinyourvision.___17___Whetherit’sblurred(模糊的)vision,difficultyseeingatadistance,orreadingfineprint,thesecouldbesignsofanunderlyingeyeconditionthatneedstobeaddressed.___18___Spendingtoomuchtimeondigitaldevicescanimpactyoureyehealth.Longhoursofexposuretodigitaldevicescancausedigitaleyestrain(眼疲勞),whichmayleadtosymptomssuchasheadaches,dryeyes,anddiscomfortafterextendeduse.Youwillexperiencediscomfortordrynessinyoureyes.Yourdoctorcanprovidetipsonrelievingeyestrainfromscreentime.Thesesymptomsofdryeyeorotherconditionsrequiremedicalattention.___19___You’redueforanupdateonyoureyesight.___20___Evenifyoudon’tnoticeanychangesinyourvision,it’simportanttohaveyoureyescheckedregularlytoensureyouhavethecorrectlensesforbestvision.A.Youmightneednewglasses.B.Ignoringthemcouldworsentheproblem.C.Youspendalotoftimeinfrontofscreens.D.Yourdoctorcanhelpyoufindtherightglassesforyourneeds.E.However,earlydetectionandtreatmentcanpreventvisionloss.F.You’verecentlybeendiagnosedwithaconditionthatcouldaffectyourvision.G.It’simportanttohaveregularcheck-upstomonitoranychangesinyoureyes.〖答案〗16.G17.F18.C19.E20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是定期眼科檢查的重要性?！?6題詳析】空前“Routineeyeexamsarecrucialformaintaininghealthyvisionanddetectingissuesearlyon.(常規(guī)眼科檢查對于保持健康的視力和及早發(fā)現(xiàn)問題至關重要。)”說明進行常規(guī)的眼科檢查很重要，空后“Yourdoctorwillprovideyouwithpersonalizedadviceandrecommendations.(你的醫(yī)生會為你提供個性化的建議和推薦。)”說明了醫(yī)生會為你提供個性化的建議和建議，因此空格處應該說要去醫(yī)生那兒檢查，G選項“It’simportanttohaveregularcheck-upstomonitoranychangesinyoureyes.(定期檢查以監(jiān)測眼睛的任何變化是很重要的。)”說明了定期檢查很重要，引出后文的醫(yī)生能為你做的事情，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選G。【17題詳析】空前“You’venoticedachangeinyourvision.(你注意到你的視力發(fā)生了變化。)”提出的是假設性的事情，空后“Whetherit’sblurred(模糊的)vision,difficultyseeingatadistance,orreadingfineprint,thesecouldbesignsofanunderlyingeyeconditionthatneedstobeaddressed.(無論是視力模糊，看遠處有困難，還是閱讀小字，這些都可能是潛在的眼部疾病的跡象，需要解決。)”列舉了一系列可能出現(xiàn)的問題，空格處也應該是假設你可能遇到什么樣的眼睛的問題，F(xiàn)選項“You’verecentlybeendiagnosedwithaconditionthatcouldaffectyourvision.(你最近被診斷出患有一種可能影響你視力的疾病。)”說明你可能被診斷出眼睛的疾病，引出后文具體的一些問題，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳析】空后“Spendingtoomuchtimeondigitaldevicescanimpactyoureyehealth.Longhoursofexposuretodigitaldevicescancausedigitaleyestrain(眼疲勞),whichmayleadtosymptomssuchasheadaches,dryeyes,anddiscomfortafterextendeduse.(花太多時間在電子設備上會影響你的眼睛健康。長時間接觸數(shù)碼設備會導致數(shù)碼眼疲勞，長時間使用后可能導致頭痛、眼睛干澀和不適等癥狀。)”說明的是花太多時間看電子設備會引起的問題，空格處也應該說看電子設備的相關內(nèi)容，C選項“Youspendalotoftimeinfrontofscreens.(你在屏幕前花了很多時間。)”中的“屏幕”和電子設備相關，因此C選項引起下文，符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳析】空前“Youwillexperiencediscomfortordrynessinyoureyes.Yourdoctorcanprovidetipsonrelievingeyestrainfromscreentime.Thesesymptomsofdryeyeorotherconditionsrequiremedicalattention.(你會感到眼睛不舒服或干澀。你的醫(yī)生可以提供一些緩解看屏幕造成的眼睛疲勞的建議。這些干眼癥或其他癥狀需要就醫(yī)。)”說明干眼癥需要就醫(yī)，本文主要講的是定期眼科檢查的重要性，因此空格處作為本段最后一句，應該強調(diào)早期發(fā)現(xiàn)和治療的重要性，E選項“However,earlydetectionandtreatmentcanpreventvisionloss.(然而，早期發(fā)現(xiàn)和治療可以防止視力喪失。)”說明了早期發(fā)現(xiàn)和治療的重要性，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳析】空后“Evenifyoudon’tnoticeanychangesinyourvision,it’simportanttohaveyoureyescheckedregularlytoensureyouhavethecorrectlensesforbestvision.(即使你沒有注意到你的視力有任何變化，定期檢查眼睛以確保你有正確的鏡片以獲得最佳視力也是很重要的。)”說明要有正確的鏡片，空格處應該和眼鏡有關，D選項“Yourdoctorcanhelpyoufindtherightglassesforyourneeds.(你的醫(yī)生可以幫你找到適合你需要的眼鏡。)”和眼鏡有關，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ieagerlyofferedmyassistancetoanelderlywomanwithashoppingcartfilledwithgroceries.Iskillfullyarrangedallthe___21___inhercartrunk.Shetriedtoslipmea$20bill,but1___22___.“Thankyou,madam,butit’sallpartofmy___23___.Idon’trequireatip,”Iexplainedwithasmile.However,thecustomerinsistedonshowingher___24___.“You’realwaysso___25___anddiligent!Letmeassistyoualittle.”Gratefulforher___26___intention,yetawareofourcompanypolicy,Ireplied,“I___27___appreciateyourgenerosity,ma’am,butI’mnot___28___toaccepttips.Asimple‘thankyou’isenough.”Reluctantly,sheexpressedhergratitude.“Well,then...thankyou.”Then,something___29___happened.Shepretendedtoputthe____30____inherpocket,onlytodropitontheground.Withaplayfultone,sheremarkedthatitwouldbea____31____toletitgotowaste.Shegotinhercarand____32____,leavingmeamused.Pickingupthe$20bill,awaveofwarmthcameoverme.Smallmomentsofconnectionandlightheartednesslikethis____33____ourdays.Itremindedmethatkindnesscomesinmany____34____,eveninplayfulpranks(玩笑).Sometimes,it’stheunexpectedmomentsthatbringasmiletoourfacesand____35____ustoappreciatethelittlethingsinlife.21.A.items B.tools C.bags D.drinks22.A.agreed B.missed C.declined D.hesitated23.A.life B.job C.mind D.aim24.A.support B.selflessness C.concern D.appreciation25.A.respectful B.careful C.helpful D.useful26.A.obvious B.kind C.awkward D.extra27.A.genuinely B.formally C.curiously D.responsibly28.A.bothered B.encouraged C.designed D.allowed29.A.unique B.exciting C.unexpected D.graceful30.A.hand B.money C.key D.ticket31.A.shame B.joy C.surprise D.pleasure32.A.leftalone B.walkedout C.droveoff D.ranaway33.A.brighten B.spoil C.enrich D.relate34.A.times B.places C.states D.forms35.A.ensure B.remind C.force D.advise〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者幫助了一位老人，老人執(zhí)意用金錢感謝作者，作者拒絕了，但是老人還是用意想不到的方式將錢給了作者。作者意識到正是那些意想不到的時刻給我們帶來了微笑，提醒我們要珍惜生活中的小事?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我熟練地把所有的東西都放在她的汽車后備箱里。A.items項目，條款;商品，物品；B.tools工具；C.bags包；D.drinks飲料。根據(jù)上文“anelderlywomanwithashoppingcartfilledwithgroceries.”可知，老人買了很多東西，所以作者熟練地把老人購買的所有商品都放在她的汽車后備箱里。故選A項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她想塞給我一張20美元的鈔票，但我拒絕了。A.agreed同意；B.missed想念；C.declined拒絕，下降；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)下文“Idon’trequireatip”可知，作者拒絕了。故選C項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“謝謝你，夫人，但這是我工作的一部分?！蔽倚χ忉尩?。A.life生活；B.job工作；C.mind思維；D.aim目標。根據(jù)下文“However,thecustomer”可知，老人是顧客，而作者是工作人員，所以作者拒絕了老人的好意，認為這是自己工作的一部分。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這位顧客堅持表示感謝。A.support支持；B.selflessness自私；C.concern擔心；D.appreciation感激，欣賞。根據(jù)下文“sheexpressedhergratitude”可知，老人堅持給小費是為了表示感謝。故選D項。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你總是那么樂于助人，那么勤奮！A.respectful表示敬意的；B.careful小心的；C.helpful有幫助的；D.useful有用處的。根據(jù)上文“eagerlyofferedmyassistancetoanelderlywomanwithashoppingcartfilledwithgroceries.”可知，老人夸贊作者樂于助人。故選C