專業(yè)英語八級（閱讀）練習(xí)試卷2（共77題）

專業(yè)英語八級（閱讀）練習(xí)試卷2（共9套）（共77題）專業(yè)英語八級（閱讀）練習(xí)試卷第1套一、常規(guī)閱讀理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Whatmakesforasuccessfulinvasion?Often,theansweristohavebetterweaponsthantheenemy.And,asitiswithpeople,soitiswithplants—atleast,thatistheconclusionofapaperpublishedinBiologyLettersbyNaomiCappueeino,ofCarletonUniversity,andThorArnason,oftheUniversityofOttawa,bothinCanada.Thephenomenonofalienspeciespoppingupunexpectedpartsoftheworldhasgrownoverthepastfewdecadesaspeopleandgoodsbecomemoremobileandplantseedsandanimallarvaehavehitchedalongfortheride.Mostsuchaliensblendintotheecosysteminwhichtheyarrivewithouttoomuchfuss.(Indeed,manyprobablyfailtoestablishthemselvesatall—butthosefailures,ofcourse,arenevernoticed.)Occasionally,though,somethinggoesbananasandstartsttartstotaketheplaceover,andaninvasivespeciesisborn.Dr.CappuceinoandDr.Arnasonaskedthemselveswhy.Onehypothesisisthataliensleavetheirpredatorsbehind.Sincethepredatorsintheirnewhomelandsarenotadaptedtoexploitthem,theyareabletoreproduceunchecked.Thatisaniceidea,butitdoesnotexplainwhyonlycertainaliensbecomeinvasive.Dr.CappuccinoandDr.Amasonsuspectedthismightbebecausenativepredatorsaresometimes"pre-adapted"tothealiens'defenees,butinothercasestheyarenot.Totestthis,theyhadfirsttoestablishareliablelistofinvaders.Thatisnotaseasyasitsounds.Astheyobserve,"althoughtherearemanylistsofinvasivespeciespublishedbygovernmentalagencies,inclusionofagivenspeciesinthelistsmaynotbeentirelyheeofpoliticalmotivation".Instead,theypolledestablishedresearchersinthefieldofalienspecies,aski,geachtolistteninvasivespeciesand,forcomparison,tenaliensthatjustrubbedalongquietlywiththeirneighbours.Theresultwasalistof21specieswidelyagreedtobeinvasiveand,forcomparison,18non-invasivealiens.Havingestablishedtheselists,theywenttothelibrarytofindoutwhatwasknownabouttheplants'chemistry.Theiraimwastofindthemostprominentchemicalweaponineachplant,whetherthatweaponwasdirectedagainstinsectsthatmightwanttoeattheplant,bacteriaandfungithatmightwanttoinfectit,orotherplantsthatmightcompeteforspace,water,nutrientsandlight.Botanistsknowalotaboutwhichsortsofcompoundshavewhatroles,soclassifyingconstituentchemicalsinthiswaywasnottoohard.TheresearchersthencomparedthechemicalarsenalsoftheiralienswiththoseofnativeNorthAmericanplants,toseeifsuperior(or,atleast,unusual)weapomTwastheexplanationfortheinvaders'success.Theirhypothesiswasthathighlyinvasivespecieswouldhavechemicalweaponsnotfoundinnativeplants,andwhichpests,parasitesandotherplantswouldthereforenothaveevolvedanyresistanceto.Themorebenignaliens,bycontrast,werepredictedtohavearsenalsalsofoundinatleastsomenativespecies.Andsoitproved.Morethan40%oftheinvasivespecieshadachemicalunknowntonativeplants;justover10%ofthenon-invasivealienshadsuchachemical.Moreover,whentheylookedatpaststudiesonalienplantsthathadexaminedhowmuchsuchplantssufferfromthedepredationsofherbivorousinsects,theyfoundthattheextentofthedamagereportedwassignificantlyconelatedwiththenumberofnativespecieswithwhichthatalienshareditsprincipalchemicalweapon.Foralienplants,then,therealsecretofsuccess—alsoasinhumanwarfare—issurprise.Itisnotthatthechemicalsconcernedaremoretoxicinanygeneralsense(indeed,successfulinvadersareoftenrareintheirownnativehabitats).Rather,itisthatthelocalsjustdon'tseethemcoming.1、Indozensofyears,therearemorecasesoftheinvasionofalienspeciespartlybecauseA、plantseedsareresistanttoantibiotics.B、peopletendtohitcharide.C、therearemorecirculationofgoods.D、animallarvaebecomestronger.標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)題。由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞alienspecies定位至第二段。首句明確指出：過去的幾十年，隨著人和貨物的流動日益頻繁，植物種子和動物幼體也乘機“搭便車”四處播散，世界各地?zé)o意間出現(xiàn)了越來越多的外來物種?？梢姡浳锪鲃釉龆嗍峭鈦砦锓N人侵的原因之一，故[C]為答案。[A]和[D]未提及，排除。這里搭便車的主體是plantseeds和animallarvae，并非people，[B]屬于張冠李戴，排除。2、Theexpression"somethinggoesbananas"inParagraph2probablymeanssomethingA、getsbananas.B、importanthappen.C、becomescrazy.D、frighteninghappen.標準答案：C知識點解析：語義題。由題干定位至第二段。第二句指出：這些外來物種大多數(shù)都輕而易舉地融入了所到之處的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。之后出現(xiàn)了occasionally一詞，這與前文的mostsuchaliens構(gòu)成對比關(guān)系，不過，偶爾也有某些物種goesbananas，開始企圖占領(lǐng)原有物種的生長空間，一種入侵物種就這樣形成了。顯然這里的goesbananas與上一句中的arrivewithouttoomuchfuss是對比關(guān)系，toomuchfuss的意思是“太大驚小怪”，可以判斷goesbananas這個能夠引起人們震驚的物種入侵一定是程度比較重，狀態(tài)瘋狂，這與后面的tryingtotaketheplaceover構(gòu)成銜接關(guān)系，故[C]符合語境。[A]是對字面膚淺解釋，排除；[B]中的important是一個中性詞，與taketheplaceover無語義聯(lián)系，排除；[D]中的frightening不符合語境，這里沒有提到人們對外來物種是否感到害怕。3、ThedifferencebetweenDr.CappuccinoandDr.Arnason’shypothesisandthepreviousoneisthatA、theformermentionsnativepredatorsofalienspecies.B、theformermayaccountfortheinvasionofcertainaliens.C、thelatterexplainstheadaptationofthepredators.D、thelattermayexplorethepre-adaptationofthepredators.標準答案：B知識點解析：推斷題。由題干中的hypothesis定位至第三段。前兩句對其他人的假設(shè)進行了解釋：有人推想，外來物種擺脫了原先的掠食者，而在新的“家園”，現(xiàn)有的掠食者又沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)它們也合口味，因此這些物種得以肆無忌憚地繁衍。然后指出這一觀點的問題：這種觀點好是好，不過沒有解釋為什么只有特定的外來物種才具有入侵性。該段末句指出Dr.Cappuccino和Dr.Arnason的猜測：這可能是因為土生土長的掠食者對外來物種所具有的防御機制有時產(chǎn)生“預(yù)適應(yīng)”，有時又不產(chǎn)生。顯然，先前假設(shè)存在的問題就是這兩個人研究的內(nèi)容，故[B]為答案。從該段可知，兩種假設(shè)都提及predators，排除[A]。提到pre-adapted的是Dr.Cappuccino和Dr.Arnason，[D]屬于張冠李戴，排除；而[C]則為該先前假設(shè)的部分內(nèi)容，但無法得知是否為兩種假設(shè)的區(qū)別所在，排除。4、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofchemicalweaponsofinvasivespecies?A、Itisdifficulttofindthechemicalweaponsofinvasivespecies.B、Themostprominentchemicalweaponsofinvadersexplaintheirsuccess.C、Thelesschemicalweaponsinvadershave,themorebenigntheybecome.D、Mostnativeplantsdon’thavethesamechemicalweaponsofaliens.標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)題。由題干中的chemicalweapons定位至第五段。第二句指出：他們就到圖書館查詢這些植物的化學(xué)性質(zhì)……，結(jié)合末句的“植物學(xué)家對哪些化合物有哪些作用都了如指掌，因此這樣對化學(xué)物質(zhì)進行分類并不太難”可判斷[A]不符合文意。第六段第二句提到：他們推斷，具有高度入侵性的物種擁有本土植物所缺少的“化學(xué)武器”，對這種化學(xué)武器，害蟲、寄生蟲及其他植物都不能產(chǎn)生任何抵抗力。[D]中的aliens和highlyinvasivespecies概念不同，無法得出該項結(jié)論，排除。末句指出：入侵性較弱的外來物種所具有的“武器庫”可能至少同樣存在于某些本土物種。這里指的不是chemicalweapons的數(shù)量多少，而是本地物種和外來物種是否有同樣的武器庫影響入侵性，排除[C]；從第六段首句“然后，為了弄清外來物種的成功入侵是否得益于超級武器，這兩位研究人員將已知外來植物的化學(xué)武器庫同北美土生土長的植物的化學(xué)武器庫進行了比較。”和第七段首句“猜測因而得到了證實?！笨芍猍B]符合文意，故為答案。5、Accordingtothetext,thesuccessofinvasionliesinthefactthatthenativeplantsA、areunawareoftheinvasionofalienspecies.B、containmorepoisonouschemicals.C、aredefeatedinplantwarfare.D、maydieoutintheirownhabitats.標準答案：A知識點解析：細節(jié)題。由題干中的success定位至末段，最后兩句指出外來植物成功入侵的原因：它不在于一般意義上所認為的那樣具有毒性更強的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，而是因為本地掠食者根本沒有察覺它們的到來。[A]符合原文，故為答案；[B]是對chemicalscobcernedaremoretoxicinanygeneralsense的曲解，這里說的是一般人認為“外來物種攜帶的化學(xué)物質(zhì)毒性強”，不是nativeplants，排除；[C]和[D]原文沒有提及，為干擾項。ItislunehtimeattheChateaudeBellerive,PrineeSadruddinAgaKhan'shomeonLakeGeneva.Hisguestsarebeingservedtheelegantfoodassociatedwiththeprince'skitchen.ButtheprinceandhiswifeCatherinearecontenttohaveadishofbrownriceandanaccompanyingsalad.Canitbethattheyarenothungry.,oristhepricemakingagesture:thataithoughheisarichmanhehashumbletastes?Nooneissopoliteastoask,buttheguestsmaytalkaboutitlater.Sadruddinwasdisappointedthathisfatherdidnotnamehimasthenextleader.Butfatherapparentlybelievedthathissonlivedonlyforpleasure.Sadruddin'smuchpublicizedlifewithhisfirstwifeNina,amodel,mayhavemadeitseemso."Mythsandlabelsbecomeattachedtopeople,"heremarkedlater,"givingthemareputationthatdoesnotalwayscorrespondtoreality."ItcouldbethathisfatherhadmixedupSadruddinwithhishalfbrotherAly,whowasbrieflymarriedtoRitaHayworth,aHollywoodstar,andwasindeedatearaway.Intheevent,whentheAgaKhandiedin1957,thecrown,andthetitleAgaKhanIV,wenttoSadruddin'snephew,thepresentholder.Sadruddinwasthen24.Atthatagedisappointmentscanusuallybeovercome,particularlyif,liketheprince,youhaveadvantages.Hehadhadanelitisteducation,atLeRosayinSwitzerlandandHarvard.Hespokeseverallanguages,includingFrenchfromhismother,aParisian,andPersianandEnglishfromhisfather.Theamountofhispersona]fortunewasunknownbutitwascertainlyadequate.Withtheseassetstosustainhim,Sadruddindiscoveredwhatwastobehislife'swork,toimprovethelotoftheworld'srefugees.LikemanypeoplewhocametodogoodworkfortheUnitedNations,Sadruddindriftedintotheorganization,ratherthansettingouttomakeithiscareer.Asastudenthestartedanartcollectionthateventuallybecameoneofthefinestinprivatehands.HebecameconcernedaboutthefateofNubianstatuesthreatenedbytheconstructionoftheAswanHighDaminEgypt,andin1958wastakenonasanadviserbyUNESCO,theUN'sculturalbranch.HediscoveredthatthedamnotonlythreatenedNubianstatuesbutthatsome100,000Nubianpeoplewerebeingmovedfromtheirtraditionalhomes.Peoplewereclearlymoreimportantthatstatues,howeverprecious.ThoseNubianswereeventuallyresettledinEgypt,albeitininferiorterritory.In1959SadruddinbecameanassistanttotheUnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugees,andappliedtothejobthecodeofmoralityandresponsibilityofhisfaith.Hewasmadedeputyhighcommissionerin1962andin1965attheageof32wasappointedtothetopjob.Hewasgoodatgettingrichcountriesbegenerous.Perhapsonlyarichmancanbesuccessfulbeggar.TheelderGeorgeBushwasafriend:theyplayedtennistogether.MrBushfoundtheurbaneEuropeananagreeablecontrasttohisTexascircle.Sadruddinsteppeddownafter12years,thelongestanyrefugeechiefhasheldthejob.HeseemedthefavoritetobecometheN'ssecretarygeneraLin1981,buttheSovietUnionvetoedhiscandidature,claiminghewastoopro-western,andvetoedhisagainin1991.AroundthattimestoriescirculatethattheprincewasasecretagentfortheBritish,usinghisjobasacoverfortheintelligencegathering.Itwasalmostcertainlynonsense,buttheRussiansmayhavebelievedit.Sadruddininsistedthathehadequalsympathieswitheasternandwesternpeoples.Hisdescriptionofhimselfas"acitizenoftheworld"wasafairone.Heborethissecondbigdisappointmentwastherealizationofhowlittlehadbeendonetortheworld'spoor.Inaspeechnotlongagohesaidthatin80countriespeople'sincomeswerelowerthantheyweretenyearsearlier.Thenumbersofpeopleinpoverty,earninglessthan$1aday,wasstuckat1.2billion.Hismealofbrownricewasaheart-feltgesture.Givehimthat.6、PrinceSadruddinatesimplybecauseA、hehadahumbletastes.B、hewasnothungry.C、heintendedtoshowhissympathywithpoorpeopleintheworld.D、hedidn’twanttoshowoffhisrichnesstohisguests.標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)題。雖然作者在第一段提出這個問題，但在最后一段才給出答案。雖然他的一生有過兩次非常大的遺憾，但是與之相比更讓他感覺失望的是他意識到為世界上的窮人做的事情太少，他在之前不久的演講中也說到在許多國家人們收入的倒退和貧窮人口數(shù)目的巨大。接著指出Hismealofbrownricewasaheartfeltgesture.答案為[C]。7、Theword"tearaway"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeansA、anintelligentperson.B、anin’esponsibleperson.C、amysteriousperson.D、afamousperson.標準答案：B知識點解析：語義題。該詞所在第二段的內(nèi)容是作者在猜測Sadruddin的父親對他的種種誤解而沒有傳位于他。所在句子“ItcouldbethathisfatherhadmixedupSadruddinwithhishalf-brotherAly，whowasbrieflymarriedtoRitaHayworth，aHollywoodstar，andwasindeedatearaway.”可推測該詞應(yīng)是一個貶義詞；他與好萊塢明星短暫的婚姻應(yīng)該是用于說明他是tearaway的典型例證，最接近的意義是不負責(zé)任，行為魯莽，答案為[B]。8、WhichofthefollowingaboutPrinceSadruddinisNOTtree?A、HewasdeterminedtohelprefugeewhenhestartedhisworkwithUN.B、Speakingseverallanguageswashelpfulinhisrefugeework.C、TheelderBushthoughthewasdifferentfromhiscloseAmericanfriends.D、Hewasmoreconcernedaboutpeoplethanart.標準答案：A知識點解析：細節(jié)題。第三段中講到能說幾種語言使他找到了終身的事業(yè)，即改善世界難民境況的因素之一，由此排除[B]；第五段最后一句“MrBushfoundtheurbaneEuropeananagreeablecontrasttohisTexascircle…”，排除[C]；第四段講述最初Sadrllddin是熱衷于藝術(shù)收藏，關(guān)注努比亞雕像而作為頤問參與到聯(lián)合國的工作中來，而后來他更關(guān)注因建壩而被迫流離失所的人。后來他開始從事有關(guān)難民的工作，排除[D]，答案為[A]。9、TheauthorislikelytoagreethatA、Sadruddinonlysoughtpleasureinhisearlylife.B、Sadruddin’sfatherdidn’tpassthecrowntohimbecauseofmisunderstanding.C、PrinceSadruddinalwayssupportedwesterncountriesratherthaneasterncountries.D、PrinceSadruddinachievedlittleasrefugeechiefofUN.標準答案：B知識點解析：態(tài)度題。第六段講述他沒能當選聯(lián)合國秘書長是因為前蘇聯(lián)認為他親西方。作者認為把Sadruddin說成英國間諜是無稽之談。Sadrnddin堅持說hehadsympathieswifheasternandwesternpeoples，并將自己描述為acitizenoftheworld，作者認為這個描述是較好的描述(afairone)，由此可見，說Sadruddin傾向西方國家，作者不會同意，排除[C]；第六段中在講到Sadruddin所做的難民工作時，作者指出“Hewasgoodatgettingriehcountriestobegenerous.Perhapsonlyarichmancanheasuccessfulbeggar.”這些都是肯定了Sadruddin作為聯(lián)合國難民官員的成就，排除[D]；第三段講述sadruddin的父親為什么不傳位于他，“Butfatherapparentlybelievedthathissonlivedonlyforpleasure.”而作者卻說“Sadruddin’smuchpublicizedlifewithhisfirstwifeNina，amodel，mayhavemadeitseemso”。并接著引用Sadruddin本人的話，說明作者并不贊同其父親的觀點，認為是誤解。后面又說他的父親可能把他和他一個廳為魯莽的同父異母的兄弟弄混了，更說明作者認為他父親對他有誤會。排除[A]，答案為[B]。10、ToPrinceSadruddin,whichofthefollowingwashisgreatestregret?A、NotbecomingtheleaderofShiaMuslinsect.B、ResettlementofthoseNubiansinEgypt.C、NotbecomingUN’ssecretarygeneral．D、Littleimprovementofthepoor’ssituationintheworld.標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)題。文章第三段明確指出沒有繼承王位是Sadruddin的第一個遺憾，第七段第一句指出，沒有當選聯(lián)合國秘書長是他的第二個遺憾；而更讓他遺憾的是他感到為窮人做的事很少，在演講中說到在80個國家人們收入比十年前還少，貧窮人口的數(shù)目非常區(qū)趕。第五段第一句中提到失去家園的努比亞人的安置問題也是有遺憾，但相比較而言，不能算最遺憾的。答案為[D]。專業(yè)英語八級（閱讀）練習(xí)試卷第2套一、常規(guī)閱讀理解(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)IndiaisbeinginvadedbyKentuckyFriedChicken.That,atleast,wasthechargemadelastweekbyanationalistgroup,whichsoughttoshutdownthefast-foodchain'sfirstoutletinIndiaonthegroundthatAmerican"junkfood"isbeneathlocalhealthstandards.ButthecryoffowlplaywasnothingnexttotheoutragethatmanyIndiansfeltwhentheylearnedthatanotherUSmultinational,W.R.Grace&Co.,hadallegedlypatentedandclaimedrightstotheirreveredneemtree.KnowninSanskritasSarvaRogoNivarini,or"curerofallailments,"theso-calledmiracletreehasservedformillenniaasakindofcomerdrugstoretoruralIndians.Theneem'sleavesandbarkareusedtohealailmentsfromacnetoinfectionstodiabetes;itsseedscanbecomepesticides.Itstwigsevenmakeagoodrustictoothbrush.Asthenewsspread,dozensofgroupsheldseminarsandmeetingstoventtheirangeragainstW.R.Grace,theFlorida-basedchemicalsconglomerate."Patentingneemislikepatentingcowdung!"thunderedoneIndianparliamentarian,GeorgeFernades,thesourceofmuchoftheagitationwasJeremyRifkin,avocalUSopponentofgeneticengineering,andVandanaShiva,directorofIndia'sResearchFoundationforScience,TechnologyandNaturalResources.InWashington,theyandotherssubmittedapetitiontotheUSPatentandTrademarkOfficewithsome100,000signaturesaskingthatGrace'spatentbeoverturned.Rifkinassertedthatthecompany'shijackingoftheneemtree'schemicalproperties"isthefirstcaseofgeneticc01onialism."It'snofunbeingamultinationalcorporationinIndiathesedays.Afterfouryearsofrapid-firemarketopenings,thenationisundergoingaconvulsivebacklashagainstforeigners.Notcoincidentally,thisishappeningjustasIndiaisreachingrecordlevelsofforeigninvestment--$2billionalreadythisyear,doubletheamountin1994.LedbytheBharatiyaJanataPartyandothernationalistgroups,enemiesofPrimeMinisterRV.NarasimhaRao'sreformistadministrationarerallyingaroundaclassicIndianpoliticalbanner:xenophobia.LastmonthanewnationalistgovernmentintheindustrialstateofMaharashtrarenegedonacontractedsignedmorethanthreeyearsagowithEnronCorp.tobuildamajorpowerplantnearBombay.OtherprotestshavestruckIndianoperationsofMcDonald'sandPizzaHut.Manyforeigncompaniesinsisttheworld'slargestdemocracystillhastoomuchpotentialtopassup:FordMotorCo.,forexample,lastweekannouncedan$800millionplantobuildcarsinNashik.Butwithnationalelectionsjustsevenmonthsaway,thingsarelikelytogetmuchworsebeforetheyimprove.1、WhichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorthatmakesIndiansopposedtothepatentingoftheneemtree?A、Nationalism.B、Awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.C、Fearoftheneemtree.D、Hatredofforeigners.標準答案：A知識點解析：作者在文章中介紹了印度人強烈的民族主義意識，他們對外圍公司把其神樹neemtree注冊成自己的專利感到非常氣憤，正如Rifkin所說：外國公司把其神樹注冊成他們的專利，就是搶劫其神樹，這是一種赤裸裸的殖民主義掠奪行為。由此可以看出，選項A為正確答案。2、Wemayunderstandfromtheendofthepassagethatmanyforeigncompaniesinsistthat______.A、IndiashouldnotgiveupopportunitiestodevelopitselfB、IndiahasagreatdealofpotentialtodevelopitseconomyC、thereisstillalotofpotentialforforeigninvestmenttoenterIndiaD、Indiaastheworld’slargestdemocracyshouldhavetheresponsibilitytoabsorbforeigninvestment標準答案：C知識點解析：該題屬于推論題。在文章的最后一段，作者寫道，許多外國公司依然認為印度這個大國對它們有很大的投資潛力，它們可以在該國賺更多的錢。利益的豐厚回報會讓國外大公司不斷進來找尋商機的。這是本段的中心內(nèi)容。因此選項C為正確答案。當然，在離大選還有七個月的時間里，投資該國也不是沒有風(fēng)險，因為投資人對哪黨哪派上臺心中未有把握，對新政府的對外政策是否有變化也是心中無數(shù)，這也是外國公司所考慮的問題之一。盡管如此，投資人還是時刻覬覦有利商機的。3、Bythestatementthat"thenationisundergoingaconvulsivebacklashagainstforeigners",theauthorwantstoconvey______.A、theIndianshaveamixedfeelingaboutforeignersB、theIndiansbegintodislikeforeignersC、theIndiansopentheirarmstowelcomeforeignersD、theIndiansshuttheirdoorstoforeigners標準答案：B知識點解析：該題屬于主旨題。在整篇文章中，作者都很明確地闡述了印度國人對外國公司的復(fù)雜心理，他們已經(jīng)覺醒，他們大多數(shù)人對外國肆意掠奪其國有資產(chǎn)表示了不滿。這是民族意識的覺醒，這是人們從盲目崇拜外國到合乎情理的欣賞，從盲目崇拜外國到有分寸地反對所必須經(jīng)歷的一個過程。外國公司把印度國寶注冊為自己的專利，必然引起印度國人的反對，由此激起人們對外國人的普遍反感，也是可以理解的。據(jù)此分析，選項B應(yīng)為正確答案。Awidelyheraldedbutstillexperimentalcancer-fightingcompoundmaybeusedsomedaytopreventtwoothermajorkillersofAmericans:heartdiseaseandstroke.ThatwastheimplicationofaremarkablereportpublishedlastweekinthejournalCirculationbyateamofresearchersfromDr.JudahFolkman'slaboratoryattheChildren'sHospitalinBoston.Theversatilecompoundisendostatin,ahumanproteinthatinhibitsangiogenesis,thegrowthofnewbloodvesselsinthebody.Intestsreportedin1997byFolkman,aprominentcancerresearcherwhopioneeredthestudyofangiogenesis,thedrughadreducedandeveneradicatedtumorsinlaboratorymice.How?Bystuntingthegrowthofcapillariesnecessaryfornourishingtheburgeoningmousetumors.WhennewsofFolkman'sachievementbecamewidelyknownlastyear,itledtowildlyexaggeratedpredictionsofimminentcancercures.Whenotherscientistswereinitiallyunabletoduplicatethoseresults,questionaroseaboutthevalidityoffolkman'sresearch.TheninFebruaryscientistsattheNationalCancerInstitute,withguidancefromFolkman,finallymatchedhisresults,reassured,theN.C.I.gavethego-aheadforclinicaltrialsofendostationlaterthisyearonpatientswithadvancedtumors.Howcanadrugthatisapparentlyeffectiveagainsttumorsalsoreducetheriskofheartattackandstroke?Theanswerliesinthecompositionofplaque,thefattydepositthatbuildsupinarteriesandcaneventuallyclogthem.Plaqueconsistsofamixofcholesterol,whitebloodcellsandsmoothmusclecells,andasitaccumulates,anetworkofcapillariessproutsfromthearterywallstonourishthecell.Couldendostatinhaltthegrowthofcapillariesandstarvetheplaque?AFolkmanlabteamledbyDr.KarenMoultondecidedtofindout.Thescientistsputbabylabmiceona16-week"westerndiet"thatwashighinfatandcholesterol,thenmeasuredtheplaquebuilduponthewallsofeachaorta,thelargearterythatcarriesbloodfromthehearttotherestofthebody.Meanwhile,theyinjectonegroupofmicewithendostatin,anotherwithadifferentblood-vesselinhibitorcallTNP-470andacontrolgroupwithaninertsalinesolution.Twentyweekslatertheresearchersagainmeasuredplagueinthemouseaortas.Theresultswerestartling:theendostatingroupaveraged85%lessplaquebuildupandtheTNP-470group70%lessthanthoseinthecontrolgroup.AlltooawareoftheprematurehopesraisedlastyearafterFolkman'stumorreport,theresearchershavebeencarefulnottooversellthenewresults."Ifthisfindingissupportedinfuturestudies,"saysMoulton,"(itcouldopenthewayfor)treatmentsthatcoulddelaytheprogressionofheartdiseaseandpossiblereducetheincidenceofheartattacksandstrokes."Butanysuchtreatments,shestresses,areprobablyfivetotenyearsaway.4、Whyaretheresearcherssocarefulaboutassessingtheresultsofthenewexperiment?A、Becausetheyhavenoideawhatthenewmedicinecando.B、Becausetheyonlywanttousethenewmedicineforcancertreatment.C、Becausetheyarenotquitesureabouttheefficacyofthenewmedicineforheartdisease.D、Becausetheydonotwanttoselltoomuchofthenewmedicine.標準答案：C知識點解析：該題屬于推導(dǎo)題。作者在文章談到新藥對腫瘤和中風(fēng)的功效，但對治療心臟病卻尚不能十分肯定。據(jù)此推論，選項C應(yīng)為正確答案。5、Whatdoestheword"capillaries"inparagraph2mean?A、Oneoftheminutebloodvesselsthatconnectarterioles.B、Oneofthemainbloodvesselsthatconnectvenules.C、Oneofthemainbloodvesselsthatconnectarterioles.D、Oneoftheminutebloodvesselsthatconnectarteriolesandvenules.標準答案：D知識點解析：該題屬于主旨理解題。作者在文章中使用了一些與心臟、血管等有關(guān)的專業(yè)詞語，該處就是其中一個。Bystuntingthegrowthofcapillariesnecessaryfornourishingtheburgeoningmousetumors.作者在該段講到研究人員通過在試驗的mouse(鼠)身上注射一種藥物，通過抑制血管擴張，把為鼠提供營養(yǎng)的血管抑制住，腫瘤就會得以延緩或停止生長。此處的capillaries就是人們平常所說自的minutebloodvessels。因此選項D應(yīng)為正確答案。專業(yè)英語八級（閱讀）練習(xí)試卷第3套一、常規(guī)閱讀理解(本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分。)Storytellingisanancientandhonoredart.Storytellersentertainedduringthelongdarkhoursbeforesleeparrivedafterthesundisappearedoverthewesternhorizon.Butthestoryteller'sjobismorethanjustentertainment.Beforetheprintedpageappeared,storytellersprovidedculturalcontinuity,preservingthepasttoserveasguidethroughthefuture.Storytellerstoldtalesofheroestoprovidepositiveexamples,thelegendsthatheldthetribetogetherandprovideditsidentity,andthestoriesoffoolishorevilbeingstoremindyoungandoldthepenaltiesfornotlivingcorrectly.Evenbehaviortoohorribletospeakofdirectly,suchascannibalism,cowardiceordeath,couldbeexaminedthroughthemediationofastory.Eventoday,books,magazines,radio,televisionandmoviesstillhavenotreplacedthestoryteller.Noneofthesepermanent,reproduciblemediaareabletodeliverapersonal,individualizedmessagewiththeimpactofawelltoldstory.Whetherthepurposeofastoryistosetamood,toentertain,toteachalesson,toamuseortoscare,nothingworkslikeagoodstory,attherightmoment.Astorywithanobviousmessageconcerningtheresultsofanotherpersons'misbehaviorcandeliverawarninganddeterrentthatadirectconfrontationcannotproduceandthestorywilldosowithouthurtingegos.Apositiverelationshipcanbemaintainedand,sometimes,evenstrengthenedwhilestilldeliveringanunwelcomemessage.Thisisthepowerofthestoryteller.Noteverystorywillfiteverysituation.Thestorytellerneedstoselectastorywhichwillmeettheneedsofthesituationandthenthestorytellermusttailorthestorytofitthetimeavailable,theageoftheaudience,thelocationandthemooddesired.Agoodstorychoicewillcapturetheinterestoftheaudience.Audiencememberswillrelatetoalocation,experienceoremotionthattheyshareincommonwiththestorytellerandwillsuspenddisbelieflongenoughtobedrawnintothestoryasitunfolds.Goodstoriesbuildtoaclimaxwithabeginning,amiddleandanend.Theelementsofthestoryrevealedineachsectionwillleadtothenext.Predicamentsandsolutionswilldependonthedetailsofthestoryrevealedinanearliersection.However,betterstoriesmayaddatwisttomaketheendingunexpectedand,therefore,moreinteresting.Scarystoriesshouldbematchedtotheageoftheaudience.Alittlefeelingoffrightasthestoryistoldmaybebeneficialinlearninghowtodealwithscarythings,buttheuseoflingeringfearthatiscarriedawayfromthestoryissimplyterrorizingasusceptiblepersonandhelpsnoone.Itistheresponsibilityofthestorytellertodeterminewhatisappropriateandnottoabusetheaudience'sgoodfaith.Storiescancomefromnearlyanywhere.Folktales,myths,legends,history(especiallylocalhistory),Indianstories,adventureyarnsandotherstorytellersareallsourcesofinspiration.Ashortlistingofcollectedstoriesisappendedalongwithseveralexamplesofgoodstories.However,thebestsourcesofstoriesforgoodstorytellersaretheirownexperiences.Wheninspirationandopportunityunite,astoryisreadytobeborn.Nomatterwhatthesource,thebeststoriesarethoseofwhichthestorytellerhassomepersonalexperienceorknowledge.Thiscanbecombinedwithothersourcesandalittlepracticetoproducethetaletobetold.Whenpersonalexperienceisthebaseonwhichastoryisbuilt,thestorywill"ringtrue"totheaudienceandhaveagreatervitality.Adislikeofinsectscrawlingonyourskin,anencounterwithawildanimalorthememoryofaweirdnoiseexperiencedwhenyouwerehomealonecaneachprovidetheexperienceorfeelingthatwillformthebasisofastory.Theexperienceneedonlybeaweepartofthestory,butthatcanbeenough.Whenyouhavechosenasourcefromabookoranotherstoryteller,learnthestorythoroughlybeforegivingitpublicly.Donotmemorizethestory!Memorizetheoutlineandflowofthestory.Takespecialnoteofkeypoints,eventsandnamesthatthestoryhingeson.Alsonotewhereandhowtheyfitinthenarrative.Iftherearekeyphrasesmakesureyouanchortheminyourmemorysotheycomeoutnaturallywheretheyshould.Don'ttrytodeliverastoryverbatim;astoryshouldbetoldinyourownwords.Makethestoryapartofyouandthensharethatpartwithyouraudience.Livethestoryasyoutellit.Asyoucontinue,youwillfindthattellingastoryismorethanchoosingtherightwordstosay,anditalsoinvolvesestablishingyourpresence.Whenyouarethestoryteller,youareincontrol.Walkconfidentlyforwardtoyourplace,stand,pause,relax,gatheryourthoughtsandbecomepartofyourstoryasyoubuildanticipation,waitforquietandattention,andthenandonlythen,quietlystartyourstory.Trynottoexplainwhatyouareabouttodo,insteadchooseafirstsentencethatwillcapturetheaudience'sinterest.Speakslowlyinyournormalvoice,establishatempoandamo