UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY第五單元測評

第五單元測評(時間:120分鐘滿分:150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。M:Peterwon’tgotothepartybecausehehastowork.W:JohnhastostudyandSuecaughtacold,sotheywon’tcome,either.1.Whyisn’tPetercomingtotheparty?A.Hehastostudy.B.Hehastowork.C.Hehascaughtacold.答案BW:Wouldyoupleasetellmehowtochooseacoursehere?M:Justgivethemmoneyafterfillingintheform,andthenleaveyourforminRoom203.2.Whatshouldthemandofirsttochooseacourse?A.Payforit.B.Fillinaform.C.GotoRoom203.答案BM:Hello,Linda.Howwonderfultoseeyouhere!Didyouhaveagoodflight?W:Yes,verysmoothandenjoyable.Thankyou.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Inapark.C.Attheairport.答案CM:Whydoyouneedallthatmoney?W:Well,I’mmeetingPeter.Wearegoingtogoskiing,andthismoneywillhelppayforthetrip.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Goskiing.B.Planttrees.C.Attendameeting.答案AM:Icalledyouyesterday,butnoonewasathome.W:Oh,myhusbandhasgoneoutonbusiness.Mysondidn’tfeelwell,soItookhimtohospital.5.Whosawadoctoryesterday?A.Theman.B.Thewoman’sson.C.Thewoman’shusband.答案B第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。W:Thankyouforagreeingtothisinterview.M:Well,I’malwayshappytotalktopeopleandanswerquestions.W:That’sverynicetohear.Peoplearecallingyoutheworld’shealthiestman.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthat?M:Idon’tthinkI’mthehealthiestmanintheworld,butIdotakemyhealthseriously.Iexerciseeveryday.W:Youcertainlylookgreat!M:Thanks.Betterthanthat,though,Ifeelgreat.Exercisemakesmehappy,keepsmystressleveldown,andgivesmeallsortsofenergyformyworkandfamily.W:Doyouhaveanyspecialwordsfortheaudience?M:Yes.Startexercisingtoday,andstartlivingabetterlife.6.Whoisthewoman?A.Aninterviewer.B.Aguestinthegym.C.Anaudiencemember.答案A7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heexercisestwiceaweek.B.Hehasalotofstressfromwork.C.Hebenefitsalotfromexercising.答案C聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。M:OK.Ihavethecontractreadyforyoutosign,MsGold.W:Fine.BeforeIsignit,canyoureviewtheagreementwithme?M:Sure.ThecontractstatesthatyouwillprovideShaleCorporationwiththerightstodrillforoilonyourlandforthenextfivemonths.Inexchange,youwillreceive$1,000perday.Ifwefindenoughoiltocontinuedrillingforlonger,wecanextendthecontractfortwomoremonthsfromthedateofourdiscovery.W:Youalsosaidthatifwefindtheextraoil,Iwillreceive$1,200perdayifIagreetoextendthecontract.Right?M:Idon’tremembertheexactnumberthatwediscussed.Wasn’tit$1,100perday?W:Iwant$1,200perdayfortheadditionaldrilling,orIwon’tsignitatall!8.Whatisinthewoman’sland?A.Oil.B.Gold.C.Gas.答案A9.Howmuchwillthewomanreceiveforthefirstfivemonths?A.$1,000perday.B.$1,100perday.C.$1,200perday.答案A10.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingsomething.B.Talkingaboutland.C.Signingacontract.答案C聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。W:Doyouhaveanytimethisafternoon,Dave?Ineedhelpwithmyessaythat’sduetomorrow.It’salmosttheendoftheterm,andthispapercountsforhalfofmygrade.M:Sure.Whatdoyouneedhelpwith?W:Well,Idon’tknowhowtowritethelastpartofmypaper.M:Youmeanaconclusion?W:Yeah.I’vebeenworkingonitforacoupleofdays.Itjustseemslikeit’ssupposedtomentioneverythingIjustwroteabout.M:Well,that’strue.Butyoualsoneedtogiveyourreaderssomethingtheywillremember.W:Butifyoureadmypaper,shouldn’tyouknowwhatmythoughtsare?M:Yes,butaconclusionhelpsyourreadersunderstandwhatismostimportant.W:WillyoureadwhatIhavesofarandtellmeifI’montherighttrack?M:Sure.11.Whendoesthewomanhavetohandinheressay?A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrow.C.Inacoupleofdays.答案B12.Whatisthewomanhavingtroublewith?A.Endingherpaper.B.Startingheressay.C.Givingmorethoughts.答案A13.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Bycorrectinghermistakes.B.Byshowinghersomeexamples.C.Byreadingwhatshehaswritten.答案C聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。M:MissTodd,couldIspeakwithyou?W:Sure.Comein.M:I’mherebecauseIwanttochangeroommates.W:Really?Thatsurprisesme.IthoughtthatyouandDavidweregoodfriends.M:Wewere.Wekneweachotherbefore.Wearefromthesametown,butitlookslikewehaddifferentreasonsforcomingtocollege.W:Howso?M:Well,Davidisreallyintohavingfun.That’sgreat.ButhehassomanypeopleinourroomallthetimethatIcan’tstudy.Andtheradioisonconstantly.W:Haveyoutalkedtohimaboutthat?M:Yes,buthejustdoesn’ttakemeseriously.W:Isee.Hereiswhatwecando.LetmetalktoDavid,andthenyouseehowitgoes.Justoneweek.M:But,MissTodd...W:Ifyoustillhaveaproblemattheendoftheweek,Iwillletyouchangearoom.ComebacktoseemenextMonday.14.Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?A.Hisroommateistoonoisy.B.Hisroommateishisgoodfriend.C.Hisroommateisintohavingfun.答案A15.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.TalktoDavid.B.Changehisroom.C.TeachDavidalesson.答案B16.Whoisthewoman?A.David’sfriend.B.Theman’sfriend.C.Theman’steacher.答案C17.Whendoestheconversationmostlytakeplace?A.OnSunday. B.OnMonday. C.OnThursday.答案B聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。Goodevening,welcometothestudents’union.I’mgoingtotellyouaboutsomeoftheclubsthatyoucanjoin.OK,let’sbegin.Notsurprisingly,therearethelong-establishedclubsthatyoucanfindatanyuniversity,liketheFootballClubortheDramaClub,alongwithawholerangeoflessusualclubs,theRockClub,forexample.WedohaveaRockClimbingClubhere,buttheRockClubhasnothingtodowithoutdooractivities—it’samusicclub.ThattakesmedirectlyontotheMountaineeringClub.TheymeetonTuesdaysandThursdays.AnotherclubyoumightliketotryistheDanceClub.TheymeetregularlyeveryFriday.Thistermthey’rerunningSpanishdancingclasses,nexttermit’sIndiandancingandinthesummerit’llbeScottishdancing.Ihaven’tcoveredeverythinginthisshortintroduction,butIhopeI’vegivenyouanideaofwhat’sonofferhere.18.Whichofthefollowingisthelong-establishedclub?A.TheFootballClub.B.ARockClimbingClub.C.TheMountaineeringClub.答案A19.WhendothemembersoftheDanceClubmeet?A.EveryTuesday.B.EveryThursday.C.EveryFriday.答案C20.WhatistheDanceClubrunningthisterm?A.Spanishdancingclasses.B.Indiandancingclasses.C.Scottishdancingclasses.答案A第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYoumaybefamiliarwiththefollowingfamouspeople,buthaveyouheardoftheirgraduationspeeches,inwhichtheyeithersharetheirunforgottenexperiencesorgiveyousomegreatinspiration(靈感).MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustinAndnowyou’veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.Andyoumustnotletanythingpreventyoufromtakingthosefirststeps...Youmustalsocommittotheadventure.Justhavefaithintheskillsandtheknowledgeyou’vebeenblessed(賜予)withandgo.J.K.Rowling,HarvardUniversityHalfmylifetimeago,Iwasstrikinganuneasybalancebetweenmyambitionandtheexpectationfrommyparentswhowerenotrich...ButwhatIfearedmostofmyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.ThefactthatyouaregraduatingfromHarvardsuggeststhatyouknowlittleaboutfailure,youmightbedrivenbyafearoffailurequiteasmuchasadesireforsuccess.SteveJobs,StanfordUniversitySometimeslife’sgoingtohityouintheheadwithabrick.Don’tlosefaith...Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork,andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplookinganddon’tsettle.BillGates,HarvardUniversityWeneedasmanypeopleaspossibletohaveaccesstotheadvancedtechnologytoleadtoarevolutioninwhathumanbeingscandoforoneanother.Theyaremakingitpossiblenotjustfornationalgovernments,butforuniversities,smallerorganizations,andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty,andsoon.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了喬布斯等名人的畢業(yè)演講,有些名人講述了他們難忘的經(jīng)歷,有些則講述了人生的啟示。21.WhatMichaelDellsaidistoencourageusto.

A.listentoourheartB.runafterourdreamsC.followothers’exampleD.learnfromourmistakes答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustin部分中的“Andnowyou’veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.”可知,完成了重要的學(xué)業(yè),下一步就是去實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想了。MichaelDell想敦促大家去追求夢想,故選B項(xiàng)。22.WhatdidJ.K.Rowlingfearmostwhenshewasstudyinginuniversity?A.Failure. B.Hunger.C.Poverty. D.Appearance.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)J.K.Rowling,HarvardUniversity部分中“ButwhatIfearedmostofmyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.”可知,J.K.Rowling最害怕的不是貧窮而是失敗,故選A項(xiàng)。23.WhatdoesBillGatessuggestpeopledo?A.Masterasmuchadvancedtechnologyaspossible.B.Makecontributionstotheenvironment.C.Worktogethertosolvesomeglobalproblems.D.Takeresponsibilityfortheirownbehavior.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BillGates,HarvardUniversity部分中的“andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty,andsoon.”可知,BillGates建議人們?nèi)ヌ幚硪恍┤蛐缘膯栴},故選C項(xiàng)。B(2021·福建莆田一中高一期中)AroundthistimeofyearwhentheweathergetscoolerinArkansas,therearealotofhomelesspeople,aswellaspeoplewithdifferentsituationswhojustneedhelp.Oftentimesourfamilyservesatasoupkitchenwheretheygiveoutbagsoffoodtoneedyfamiliesinourarea.Andwe’llhelpputthosebagsoffoodtogetherandhandthemout,amongotherthings.Therearealotofreasonswhyservingthecommunityisimportanttome,butoneofthemhastodowithmyfather.Mygrandfatherdiedwhenmyfatherwas4yearsoldandmygrandmotherhadfourkidsallundertheageof5,allbornprettyclosetogether.Thatwasatimewhenthingsweresobadinthecountry.Therewasn’tworkandoftenthefamilyhardlymadeendsmeet,somygrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shomesothattheycouldatleasthavefoodtosurvive.MydadsaidheneverforgotthelocalcharitywouldbringthekidsagiftforChristmas.Thekidsworkedhardinthechildren’shomeandtheonlypresenttheygotwasfromthelocalcharity.Heneverforgotthiskindnessandalwaysappreciatedthelocalcharityforwhatitdidwhenhewasalittleboy.Mydadwassuchahardworkingworker-familymeanttheworldtohim.Iwastheseventhbabyinmyfamilyandmymotherhadmejustaftersheturned40.Shewasoneofthosehigh-riskpregnancymoms,andI’msogratefulshehadme.Mymomanddadmadeahappyhomeforus,andI’msogratefulforthat.Ihopemychildrenarecatchingthoselessons,notjustfromMomandDad,butfromgrandparentsandeveryoneelseintheirlives.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在施粥處幫忙的原因。24.Whydoestheauthorconsiderservingthecommunityimportant?A.Hisfatherledahardlifeinhischildhood.B.Hewasinspiredbyhisfather’slifeexperiences.C.Hewasgratefulforwhathisfatherhaddoneforhim.D.Hisfatherworkedhardandtookgoodcareofthefamily.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Therearealotofreasonswhyservingthecommunityisimportanttome,butoneofthemhastodowithmyfather.”可知,作者認(rèn)為為社區(qū)服務(wù)很重要,因?yàn)樗艿搅怂赣H的生活經(jīng)歷的啟發(fā)。故選B項(xiàng)。25.Whydidtheauthor’sgrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shome?A.Thefamilyhadtoomanychildren.B.Thekidswereborntooclosetogether.C.Itprovidedfoodforthekidstosurvive.D.Thekidscouldleadaverycomfortablelifethere.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Therewasn’tworkandoftenthefamilyhardlymadeendsmeet,somygrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shomesothattheycouldatleasthavefoodtosurvive.”可知,作者的祖母把孩子們送到兒童之家,因?yàn)樗鼮楹⒆觽兲峁┝松嫠璧氖澄?。故選C項(xiàng)。26.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sfather?A.Kindandcreative.B.Strictandhelpful.C.Devotedandpatient.D.Gratefulandhardworking.答案D解析判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Heneverforgotthiskindnessandalwaysappreciatedthelocalcharityforwhatitdidwhenhewasalittleboy.”和第五段第一句“Mydadwassuchahardworkingworker-familymeanttheworldtohim.”可知,作者的父親是一個懂得感恩和勤奮的人。故選D項(xiàng)。27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Fathermeanttheworldtothefamily.B.Theauthorhopeshiskidslearntobegrateful.C.ThekidsreceivedChristmasgiftsfromtheirparents.D.Theauthor’sfamilyopensasoupkitchentoofferhelp.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段句子“...andI’msogratefulshehadme.Mymomanddadmadeahappyhomeforus,andI’msogratefulforthat.Ihopemychildrenarecatchingthoselessons,notjustfromMomandDad,butfromgrandparentsandeveryoneelseintheirlives.”可知,作者希望他的孩子學(xué)會感恩。故選B項(xiàng)。C(2021·江蘇高一期中)Afamousteacherwasspeakingtothestudentsatourschool.Hebeganhislessonbyholdingupa￡100bill.Thenhesaidtothethreehundredstudents,“Whowouldliketohavethis￡100bill?”Thestudentsbegantoputuptheirhandsatonce.Thenhesaid,“Iamgoingtogivethisbilltooneofyou,butfirst,letmedothis.”Hethenmadethisbillintoaball.Thenhesaid,“Whowantsit?”Handswentintotheair.“Well,”hesaid,“WhatifIdothis?”andhedroppeditonthefloorandsteppedonit.Hepickedupthedirty,crumpledbillandsaid,“Whostillwantsit?”Handswentbackintotheair.

“Myfriends,”hesaid,“You’velearnedavaluablelessontoday.NomatterwhatIdidtothemoney,youstillwanteditbecauseitdidn’tgodowninvalue.Itwasstillworth￡100.”“Manytimesinourlives,we’redropped,crumpled,andsteppedonbythechanceswetakeandthethingsthathappentous.Wefeelasifweareworthnothing.Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”Youarespecialandvaluable.Don’teverforgetit!【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講了一位老師使用一張百元鈔票告訴人們無論發(fā)生什么事情,對于我們所愛的人,我們的價值都不會變。28.Eventhoughthemoneywasdirty,it.

A.wentupinvalueB.wasworthmuchC.didn’treduceinvalueD.wasstillours答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Myfriends...Itwasstillworth￡100.”說明無論老師如何處理這張100元的鈔票,它的價值都沒有變化,仍然還是100元。故選C項(xiàng)。29.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphmeans.

A.thestudentsputuptheirhandsagainB.thestudentsputdowntheirhandsC.thestudentsagreedtowhattheteachersaidD.thestudentsputtheirhandsinfrontofthem答案A解析詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“NomatterwhatIdidtothemoney,youstillwanteditbecauseitdidn’tgodowninvalue.”說明無論老師怎么對待這張100元的鈔票,學(xué)生們?nèi)匀幌胍?。由此可?“Handswentbackintotheair.”意思是很多學(xué)生又一次舉了手。故選A項(xiàng)。30.Whydidthefamousteacherusea￡100athislesson?A.Becausehewantedtogivealectureaboutmoney.B.Becausehewasusedtodroppingabillonthefloorandsteppingonit.C.Becausehewasgoingtogivethebilltooneofthestudents.D.Becausehewantedtomakethestudentsknowwhatthevaluewas.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”說明老師想通過這個例子告訴學(xué)生們:無論發(fā)生什么事情,對于愛我們的人來說,我們的價值都不會變,也就是老師想讓學(xué)生們知道價值是什么。故選D項(xiàng)。31.Whatlessoncanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.￡100billisworththesamenomatterwhatyoudowithit.B.Allpeoplelovemoneymost.C.Yourvaluedoesn’tchangenomatterwhathappenstoyou.D.Thevalueofmoneychangeswhenitismadedirty.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”說明無論發(fā)生什么事情,你的價值都不會改變,這正是我們從這篇文章中學(xué)到的。故選C項(xiàng)。DIt’sreportedthatscientistsinLondonhavefoundthebestdietforbothhumansandtheplanet.Iftheworldfollowedtheso-called“planetaryhealth”diet,eachyearmorethan11millionearlydeathscouldbeavoidedaccordingtothescientists.Forthehealthoftheplanet,theysaythesamedietwillreduce(減少)greenhousegasesandsavemoreland,waterandanimals.Thisnewfoodplanistheresultofathree-yearprojectorganizedbyTheLancethealthjournal.TimLang,aprofessoratBritain’sUniversityofLondon.Hesaid,“Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdecidethehealthofpeopleandtheplanet.”Langadded,“Theworld’spopulationisexpectedtogrowto10billionpeopleby2050.Ifwewanttofeedeveryone,weallneedtochangewhatweeatandthewayweeatbyimprovingfoodproductionandreducingfoodwaste.”So,whatdoyoueatonthe“planetaryhealth”diet?Thescientistswhocreatedthe“planetaryhealth”dietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhasalittlemilk,fishandmeat.Thedietcallsforcuttingdownredmeatandsugarby50percentandincreasingnuts,fruits,andvegetable.WalterWilletofHarvardUniversityintheUnitedStatesalsotalkedaboutthe“planetaryhealth”diet.Hesaid,“Morethan800millionpeoplearoundtheworlddonotgetenoughfoodwhilemanymorepeoplehaveveryunhealthydiets.”Thescientiststhinkitdifficulttoreachtheiraim.Butforthem,doingnothingisalsonotachoice.Willetsaid,“Ifwecan’tmakethebestdiet,it’sbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了倫敦幾位科學(xué)家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的所謂的“地球健康”飲食方式,及其對地球的好處。人們有通過改變飲食方式進(jìn)而保護(hù)地球的潛力。最后闡述了這種飲食的具體內(nèi)容以及這個項(xiàng)目探究的意義。32.WhatdecidesthehealthofpeopleandtheplanetaccordingtoTimLang?A.Thetasteofthefood.B.Thenumberofpopulation.C.Theclimateandourlivingconditions.D.Thefoodweeatandthewayweproduceit.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的TimLang可將本題答案定位在第三自然段。根據(jù)其中的“Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdecidethehealthofpeopleandtheplanet.”可知,D項(xiàng)符合題目語境,故選D項(xiàng)。33.Whatdoesthe“planetaryhealth”dietmainlycontain?A.Milk. B.Meat.C.Sugar. D.Plants.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thescientistswhocreatedthe‘planetaryhealth’dietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhasalittlemilk,fishandmeat.”可知,“planetaryhealth”diet包含的大部分為植物,故選D項(xiàng)。34.Whatdoscientistssayaboutthe“planetaryhealth”diet?A.Itisveryeasytoproduceit.B.Itisbettertotrytheirbesttomakeit.C.Itisbettertodonothingthanfail.D.Itisimpossibletomakeit.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Ifwecan’tmakethebestdiet,it’sbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.”可知,科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為盡可能地去嘗試和接近“地球健康”飲食是更好的,故選B項(xiàng)。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HumansHealthIsVeryImportant.B.ManyPeopledon’tGetEnoughFood.C.ANewKindofDietmaySavethePlane.D.DifferentPeopleHaveDifferentEatingHabits.答案C解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“It’sreportedthatscientistsinLondonhavefoundthebestdietforbothhumansandtheplanet.”可知,文章主要介紹這種新的飲食方式。C項(xiàng)中的newkindofdiet與這一主題呼應(yīng)。且其中的SavethePlanet與“planetaryhealth”diet呼應(yīng),故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2021·河南洛陽第一高級中學(xué)高一月考)Doyouhaveaspareroominyourhouse?Doyouliketoshareyourdrivewayinfrontofyourgaragewithothers?Bothofthesecanhelpyoumakemoney.36

Perhapsthebest-knownexampleofacompanyinthisfieldisAirbnb—anAmericanwebbusinesswhichallowsyoutorentoutyourspareroomtoholidaymakers.Itsaysitoperatesin34,000citiesandithas800,000listingsofroomsandapartments.37ABritishcompanyisdoingsomethingwithparkingspaces.JustPark’sfounder,AnthonyEskinaizi,says,“whenIhadtheoriginalidea,Ispottedadrivewayclosetoasportsstadium.ItwouldhavebeensoconvenientifIcouldhavejustparkedinthedrivewayratherthaninacommercialcarpark.”38Around20,000peoplehaveadvertisedtheirspacesonthewebsite,andhesaysaroundhalfamilliondriversuseit.

39Theyarepeoplewhorunthingsliketraditionalhotelsandcommercialcarparks.Theyareafraidofendinguplosingmoney.

40Regulationsforthesenewbusinessesareunclear.Howwillrentingoutyourdrivewayaffectyourneighbour?Becausethisisanewbusinessworld,thoserulesaren’tthereyet.

A.Andthereisanotherproblem.B.Acommercialcarparkisinconvenient.C.Andhisgreatideahasprovedasuccess.D.Butthenewbusinessofrentinghasitscompetitors.E.Theyseemtohaveoccupiedthemajorityofthemarket.F.Butthegovernmentsaysnotothenewbusinessofrenting.G.Manypeoplearebenefitingfromthisnewbusinessofrenting.答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了線上租賃房屋和車位的商業(yè)新模式及其所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。36.G根據(jù)上文可知,和人分享空房間和車庫前的地方都可以幫助你賺錢。即很多人正在受益于這種新的租賃業(yè)務(wù)。G項(xiàng)和上文保持語意一致。37.E根據(jù)上文可知,美國的Airbnb在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上做這方面的業(yè)務(wù)做得很好,在34000個城市經(jīng)營著800000個房間和公寓,所以可推測出該公司占據(jù)主要的市場份額。38.C根據(jù)上下文可知,JustPark’s的創(chuàng)始人AnthonyEskinaizi做了一個出租停車位的生意,很火爆。大約2萬人在網(wǎng)站上登記出租車位,有約50萬名司機(jī)受益。所以證明他的想法很成功。39.D根據(jù)下文可知,從事傳統(tǒng)的酒店和商業(yè)停車場之類的人恐怕最終會賠本。所以選擇D項(xiàng)。40.A根據(jù)下文可知,這些新的商業(yè)法規(guī)尚不清楚。租你的車道上將如何影響你的鄰居?因?yàn)檫@是個新的商業(yè)世界,規(guī)則還沒有。所以選A項(xiàng)(還有一個問題。)與上下文一致。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thetruepurposeofabusiness,PeterDruckersaid,istocreateandkeepcustomers.“Customervalue”hasseveraldefinitions.Iusethe41tomeanthetotallifetimevalueofacompany’scustomerbase.Companiescanincreasethisvalueby42morecustomers,earningmorebusinessfromexistingones,keepingthemlonger,makingtheirexperiencesimplerthroughdigitalimprovementsandsoon.43leadershavelongunderstoodtheimportanceofconcentratingoncustomervalueratherthanpursuingshort-termprofitsorquarterlyearnings,andthey’vebecomeenduringcustomerloyaltyleadersintheprocess.It’sworthnotingthatanumberofloyalty-leadingcompaniesareableto44shareholderpressure,oravoiditaltogether,becausetheyarefounder-led,customer-owned,ornotpubliclytraded.

Companiescan45customervalueinavarietyofways:Toincrease46,enterprisesoftwarecompaniessometimeschargecorporatecustomerschangefeesthatcanraisethetotalcostofownershiptoasmuchasthreetimestheoriginalprice.Toreduceoperatingcosts,restaurantchainssometimes47frozenandprecookedingredientsinplaceoffreshandmade-to-orderfood.Theresultingprofitsmaylookgoodontheincomestatement.Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.Buttheyalso48potentialcustomersandencouragedisloyalty.

Giventheimportanceofcustomervalue,leadersshouldtrackitasmuchastheytrackotherkeyassets(資產(chǎn)),suchasbuildings,machinery,andmarketablesecurities.Theyalsoshouldrevealitintheirquarterlyandannualearningsreleasessothatinvestorscanmake49judgmentsaboutcompanyperformanceandhowitcompareswiththatofindustrypeers.Butmostcompanies50believethatmeasuringcustomervalueistoodifficultorcostly.Theycontinuetorelyonacenturies-oldaccountingtraditionthatemphasizesphysicalandfinancialassets,andneitherincomestatementsnorbalancesheetsoffermuch51intothevalueofacompany’scustomers.

Asinvestorswakeuptotheimportanceofcustomervalue,however,manygrowth-stagecompaniesnowdirectinvestors’attentionto52ingrowingthevalueoftheircustomerbase.Somepubliccompaniesincreasinglyreportvarioustypesofcustomervaluemetrics(指標(biāo)).OneoftheUK’stopenergysuppliersE.ON,53,reportsyear-over-yearcustomercountsinitsfinancialreport.“Asacustomer-focusedcompany,”E.ONnoted,“weseecustomervalueascrucialtooursuccess.”

Thisisastart,butbecausetherearenocustomer-valuereportingstandardsorrequirements,investorsstillhavea(n)54picture.Theminorityofcompaniesthatdoprovidecustomervalueinformationdecideforthemselveswhattodisclose.55,firmsmaycalculatecustomermetricsdifferentlyorchangethemtotelladesiredstory,orsimplystopreportingthemiftheyfailtogowiththecompany’spreferrednarrative.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了顧客價值對于公司發(fā)展的重大意義。41.A.item B.versionC.term D.definition答案C解析item項(xiàng);version版本;term術(shù)語;definition定義。該空上一句提及的customervalue是一個術(shù)語,并不是一個定義。故選C項(xiàng)。42.A.persuading B.consultingC.acquiring D.inspecting答案C解析persuade說服;consult咨詢;acquire獲得;inspect視察,觀察。通過“earningmorebusinessfromexistingones”,可以判斷出獲得更多客戶才有更多利潤。故選C項(xiàng)。43.A.Considerate B.VisionaryC.Determined D.Powerful答案B解析considerate體貼的;visionary有預(yù)見的;determined決絕的;powerful有力的。該空后提及“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)早已理解客戶價值的重要性”,這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是那些有遠(yuǎn)見、深謀遠(yuǎn)慮的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。故選B項(xiàng)。44.A.resist B.relieveC.intensify D.maintain答案A解析resist抵抗;relieve減輕;intensify加強(qiáng);maintain維持。根據(jù)后句的“oravoiditaltogether”,可以判斷該空與后面的句子在語義上表達(dá)的是同一個意思,即抵御風(fēng)險。故選A項(xiàng)。45.A.raise B.adoptC.calculate D.destroy答案D解析raise提出;adopt采納,收養(yǎng);calculate計算;destroy破壞。通過該段后文的“Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.Butthey...”從這句可以判斷出,短期策略對公司長久發(fā)展不利。故選D項(xiàng)。46.A.income B.experienceC.productivity D.demand答案A解析income收入;experience經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗(yàn);productivity生產(chǎn)力;demand要求。通過該段后文的“Theresultingprofitsmaylookgoodontheincomestatement.”可以看出,公司采取這些策略的目的是提高收益,減少成本。故選A項(xiàng)。47.A.separate B.substituteC.forbid D.combine答案B解析separate分隔;substitute代替;forbid禁止;combine組合。該句提及“Toreduceoperatingcosts”可以判斷出公司會采取手段來縮減運(yùn)營成本,用速凍或預(yù)加工產(chǎn)品代替新鮮定制的食物會提升餐館運(yùn)營效率,從而提高營業(yè)額。故選B項(xiàng)。48.A.appealto B.relyonC.putdown D.scareoff答案D解析appealto對……有吸引力;relyon依靠;putdown放下;scareoff嚇跑。該空前一句提及“Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.”但話鋒一轉(zhuǎn),作者使用了but,可以推斷出其實(shí)這種做法并不是最可靠有效的,甚至?xí)樑軡撛诳蛻羧骸９蔬xD項(xiàng)。49.A.informed B.subjectiveC.definitive D.independent答案A解析informed了解情況的;subjective主觀的;definitive確信的;independent獨(dú)立自主的。下文提及公司應(yīng)該公開一些報表數(shù)據(jù),從消費(fèi)者角度就可以得到更多信息從而客觀評價公司的業(yè)績了。故選A項(xiàng)。50.A.fully B.hardlyC.readily D.wrongly答案D解析fully徹底地;hardly艱難地;readily毫不猶豫,迅速地;wrongly錯誤地。由該空前面的but可以推斷出,在現(xiàn)實(shí)當(dāng)中,大多數(shù)公司并沒有像文章中那樣做,而是理所當(dāng)然認(rèn)為衡量顧客價值的方法不可取。故選D項(xiàng)。51.A.suspicion B.extensionC.literacy D.visibility答案D解析suspicion懷疑;extension拓展;literacy素養(yǎng);visibility可見。因?yàn)樯衔奶峒昂枚喙静]有衡量顧客價值,自然也就沒有可看得到的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。故選D項(xiàng)。52.A.sacrifice B.successC.prejudice D.expense答案B解析sacrifice犧牲;success成功;prejudice偏見;expense花費(fèi)。上文提及雖然有很多公司開始考慮顧客價值這一問題,但還是有很多公司沒有考慮如何成功提升客戶群價值。故選B項(xiàng)。53.A.asaresult B.forexampleC.onthecontrary D.ingeneral答案B解析asaresult因此;forexample例如;onthecontrary恰相反;ingeneral大體上。作者在這里以英國能源供應(yīng)商的實(shí)際例子來支撐客戶價值意義這一觀點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。54.A.incomplete B.depressingC.convincing D.vivid答案A解析incomplete不完整的;depressing沮喪的,蕭條的;convincing有說服力的;vivid栩栩如生的。前文提及“Thisisastart,butbecausetherearenocustomer-valuereportingstandardsorrequirements”可以判斷,對于這一“客戶價值”問題還有許多事情亟待完善,所以對于投資者來說,圖景是不完整的。故選A項(xiàng)。55.A.Instead B.FurtherC.Otherwise D.Therefore答案B解析instead反而,代替;further進(jìn)一步,再者;otherwise否則;therefore因此。該空前后提及的兩種情況是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,所以使用“更進(jìn)一步”較為合適。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Howdowehelpkidsmakewisechoicesabouttheirmoney?AnneKersten,56.FinancialteacherinAmerica,saysthatshestartsitbyopeninganongoingdialogue.Kerstenleadstwoworkshops57.(design)forfamilies.Botharevalues-basedmoneymanagementworkshops58.provideparentswithtoolsandtalkingpointsonhowtos