2024年北京東城區(qū)高三二模高考英語試卷試題（含答案詳解）

北京市東城區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三綜合練習(xí)（二）

英語

本試卷共11頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務(wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上

作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該

項涂黑。

Steventookhis7-year-oldsonAlexand4-year-olddaughterMiaoutonhisboatforfishingandfun.Butinthe

blinkofaneye,thingstookaterrifying]whenastrongcurrentsuddenlysweptthrough,causingMiato_

2herholdontheboat.

WhileMiaworealifejacket,Alexdidnot.Butasthecurrentpulledhissisteraway,Alexwasn'tgoingto

leaveheralone.He,too,letgoofthe3andswamtowardhissister.

Realizingthedanger,Steven4jumpedintothewaterandtriedtohelphiskids.Butthestrongcurrent

madeitdifficultevenforhim.SohetoldAlextoswimtoshorewhilehetriedtorescueMia.

“ItoldthembothIlovedthembecauseIwasn'tsurewhatwasgoingtohappen,Stevenrecalled.6<Itriedto_

5MiaaslongasIcould.ButfinallyIworemyselfout,andshedriftedaway（漂走）fromme.”

Alexfollowedhisdad's6andheadedfortheshore.Butitwasnoeasytask.t6Thecurrentwasgoing

theoppositeway,“heexplained.

Thislittleboyspentanhour7hiswaybacktoland.Heswammorethanamile.Oncehefinallymade

ittotheshore,theboyrantothefirsthousehecouldfindandbeggedfor8.Fromthere,Jacksonville

authorities9andrescuedStevenandhisdaughter.

Alex,thebraveand10littleboysavedhissisteranddad.Ifnotforhim,itwouldhavebeena

differentstory.

LA.hitB.turnC.pauseD.risk

2.A.releaseB.findC.escapeD.regain

3.A.fishB.jacketC.boatD.current

4.A.unusuallyB.suddenlyC.instantlyD.unexpectedly

5.A.relatetoB.waitforC.countonD.stickwith

6.A.explanationB.footstepsC.exampleD.instructions

7.A.clearingB.fightingC.pickingD.changing

8.A.securityB.understandingC.permissionD.help

9.A.cutinB.lookedoutC.tookoverD.camearound

10.A.toughB.humbleC.hard-workingD.confident

第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

HaveyoueverheardoftheRingofFire?Itmightsoundlikesomethingstraightoutofsciencefiction,___

11itisarealplace.TheRingofFireisthenameusedbyscientiststodescribeanarea12frequent

volcaniceruptionsandearthquakestakeplace.Infact,mostoftheworld'svolcanoesarelocatedthere.TheRingof

Fireisanarc-shapedregionthat13(run)alongthecoastofNorthandSouthAmerica,alongthe

easternedgeofAsia,acrossAlaska'sAleutianIslands,andalongthecoastofNewZealand.

B

Atthemoment,AItoolsprovideresultsthatarenotalwayscorrectorappropriate.Thafs14

companiesarelookingforpeopletohelptrainAIprograms.Thesepeoplearecalledpromptengineers,who15

(pay)six-figuresalaries.AnnaBernstein,apromptengineer,writespromptsandfeedsthem16AI

tools.ThishelpstheAIgeneratetextwithaccurateinformation.Shethinkspromptengineeringisnowoneofthe

hottesttechjobsandshelovesherjob.

C

WhenLaurenSchroeder,ahighschoolstudent,17(show)uptoacommunityfooddrivelastyear,

shesawwhatpeopletheregot-justalotof18(can)goods.Shedecidedtobecomethechangeshe

wantedtosee.Schroedergrew7,000poundsofproduceandgaveitallawaytofoodbanks.Herworkdrewthe

attentionofFutureFarmersofAmerica,whichgavehersomemoneyfor19(supply)andseeds.Her

goalis20(donate)20,000poundsofvegetablesbythetimeshegraduates.

第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

Spot

Over1.000oftheseyellowrobots,Spot,arealreadycheckingfactoriesandpowerplants.AndnowtheNew

YorkCityFireDepartmentisstartingtousethedog-likedevicesforsearch-and-rescuemissions.

InApril2024,aSpotsurveyedtheremainsofacollapsedcarparkthatwasconsideredtoounstableforfire

crewstoenter.Spotcanalsosendbackvideofootage,carryupto14kgand.whenfittedwithanadd-on"arm",

opendoorsandpressswitches.

________________________________________________________________________

LightningSwarm

Inspiredbyfireflies,theserobotsaretinyandcangiveoutlightinvariouscolours.Thescientistsintendthe

robotstousetheirlightstosignaltoandtrackeachother:alow-powercommunicationstrategyforalightweight

robot.

“Weenvisionsendinghundredsormoreofthesetinyflyingrobotsintoadisastersite,andhavingthem

collectivelysearchforsurvivors,saysMITroboticsengineerProfKevinChen."Onceasurvivorisfound,

they'llpasstheinformationouttotheoperators.^^

TrailBlazers

AttheBajiaoFireRescueStation,inYantai,northeastChina,afirefightertestsoutafire-fightingrobot.

Forafewyears,Chinahasbeenpromotingthetechnology,whichallowshumanfirefighterstostaysafely

outsidethedangerzonewhilecontrollingrobotfirefighterstoputoutfiresatchemicalplantsandinsubways.

Onemajoradvantageofthisapproachisfireresistance-TrailBlazerscanworkattemperaturesofl,000℃for

over30mins.

Rooster

Thankstoitscleverdesign,Roostercanrollacrosssurfacesorflyaroundtoexaminealmostanytypeof

disastersite,movingthroughnarrowpassagesandwindows,oroverobstaclesandupordownstaircases.

Designedtoassistinsearchoperations,therobotusescamerasandsensorstoscanaspace,sothatrescuers

don'tneedtoenterdangerousareas.Roostercanalsocommunicatewithsearchteamsandotherrobotsviaa

radiolink.

21.Whichrobotscanworkintheair?

A.SpotandTrailBlazers.B.SpotandLightningSwarm.

C.RoosterandTrailBlazers.D.RoosterandLightningSwarm.

22.Whatdotheserobotshaveincommon?

A.Theycansendradiosignals.

B.Theyarefittedwithcameras.

C.Theycanhelpconductrescues.

D.Theyaremodelledafteranimals.

23.Thispassageisprobablyfrom_

A.asciencemagazineB.atestreport

C.anoperatinghandbookD.amodernfiction

B

MarkBrown.57.hadbeenmakingfilmsfor30years,buthefoundhimselffeelingtiredofit."Ithought,

thingscanonlygodownhill."Brownknewheneededtodosomethingelse——butwhat?Afewyearsearlier,hehad

boughthischildhoodhouseandmovedin.WhileBrownwonderedaboutasecondcareeringardening,hehearda

differentinternalvoice."Thatchildwhousedtolovedrawingwhisperedtomedowntheyears,^^hesaid.Some

unacknowledgedlonginginhimwasbroughtout.

Therewasagreatoaktreenearhishome.Ithadstoodouttohisyoungselfasa"fantasticalgiant-atreasure

hometobirds,insectsandanimals.Therewasacaveinside.Weusedtosqueezeinthroughthishole.^^Hedecided

tolockhimselfawayfortwomonthstodrawitinallitsgloriousdetail.

“WhileIwasdrawing,“hesaid,“therecamemomentswhenitwasasthoughthetreewasdrawingitself.Ihad

spentsomuchtimeplayinginit.Icouldfeelit.Itwasdeepinsideme."Hisfinishedoakheld“arealpower”,he

said."Asyouwalktowardsit,itjustgrows."Brownbecameatreeportraitist.

Overthenextfewyears,hetravelledacrossBritainandspentdayswiththetreesselectedwiththehelpofthe

AncientTreeForum,theTreeCouncilandtheWoodlandTrust.Brownhasstartedworkona20-drawingseriesof

Britain'smostimportantashtrees."'Thesebeautifuloldashtreesaregoingtobelosttous,“hesays."Theyare350

yearsoldandtheyaredyingbecauseofadiseasethatwe'vespread.”

Drawingisnotonlyanactofcareandademandforpreservation,butit“givesmethatinterfacebetweenmy

passionforthenaturalworldandmycreativity,Brownsays.Ithasalsogivenhimadifferentperspectiveonthe

passageoftime.'TmanoldmanyetI'monly71,andsomeofthetreesI'vedrawnare1,000yearsold.WhenI'm

withthemandwhenIdrawthem,Ithinkabouttheendofmylifeandthebriefnatureofhumanlifethatpasses

momentarilybeneaththem.^^

24.Attheageof57.Brown.

A.movedintohisoldhouseB.awakenedachildhoodinterest

C.reachedthepeakofhislifeD.developedapassionforgardening

25.WhatcanwelearnabouttheoaktreeandBrown?

A.Ithelpedhimstartanewcareer.

B.Itlinkedhimwiththeworld.

C.Hebuiltatreehouseinit.

D.Hestudiedcreaturesinit.

26.WhatisBrownworkingon?

A.Settinguptreeorganizations.

B.Lookingforcuresfortreediseases.

C.Drawingtocallforprotectionfortrees.

D.TravellingtoselectimportanttreesinBritain.

27.WhenBrowniswithtrees,hefeelsthat.

A.timeisendlessB.humanlifeistemporary

C.natureisdynamicD.life-longlearningiscrucial

C

Neuroscientistsusuallyinvestigateonebrainatatime.Theyobservehowneurons（神經(jīng)元）fireasa

personreadscertainwords,forexample,orplaysavideogame.Associalanimals,however,thosesamescientists

domuchoftheirworktogether-brainstorminghypotheses,puzzlingoverproblemsandfine-tuningexperimental

designs.Increasingly,researchersarebringingthatrealityintohowtheystudybrains.

Collectiveneuroscience,assomepractitionerscallit,isarapidlygrowingfieldofresearch.Anearly,

consistentfindingisthatwhenpeopleconverseorshareanexperience,theirbrainwavessynchronize.Neuronsin

correspondinglocationsofthedifferentbrainsfireatthesametime,creatingmatchingpatterns,likedancers

movingtogether.Theexperienceof“beingonthesamewavelength^^asanotherpersonisreal,anditisvisiblein

theactivityofthebrain.

Suchworkisbeginningtorevealnewlevelsofrichnessandcomplexityinsociability.Inclassroomswhere

studentsareengagedwiththeteacher,forexample,theirpatternsofbrainprocessingbegintosynchronizewiththat

teacher?s——andgreatersynchronymaymeanbetterlearning.Couplesexhibithigherdegreesofbrainsynchrony

thannon-romanticpairs,asdoclosefriendscomparedwithmoredistantacquaintances.

Butmuchaboutthephenomenonremainsmysterious-evenscientistsoccasionallyusetheword"magic”

whentalkingaboutit.Onestraightforwardexplanationcouldbethatsynchronybetweenbrainsisaresultofshared

experienceorsimplyasignthatwearehearingorseeingthesamethingassomeoneelse.Butthenewestresearch

suggeststhatsynchronyismorethanthat-orcanbe.Researchersarediscoveringsynchronyinhumansandother

species,andtheyaremappingitschoreography-itsrhythm,timingandundulations（波動）一tobetter

understandwhatbenefitsitmaygiveus.

Giventhatsynchronizedexperiencesareoftenenjoyable,researcherssuspectthisphenomenonisbeneficial:it

helpsusinteractandmayhavefacilitatedtheevolutionofsociality.Thisnewkindofbrainresearchmightalsocast

lightonwhywedon'talways“click“withsomeoneorwhysocialisolation（孤立）issoharmfultophysicaland

mentalhealth.Withsynchronyandotherlevelsofneuralinteraction,humansteachandlearn,forgefriendshipsand

romances,andcooperateandconverse.Wearedriventoconnect,andsynchronyisonewayourbrainshelpusdo

it.

8.Accordingtothepassage,collectiveneuroscience.

A.collectsandrefinesresearchonneurons

B.analysesactivitiesofonebrainatatime

C.promotesconnectionsamongneuroscientists

D.focusesonstudyingbrainsininteractivegroups

29.WhatcanweinferaboutbrainsynchronyfromParagraph4?

A.Itcanbenefitotherspecies.

B.Itsmechanismhaschanged.

C.Itdemandsfurtherinvestigations.

D.Findingsaboutitarecontradictory.

30.Whichofthefollowingmayresultfrombrainsynchrony?

A.Increasingpopularityamongpeers.

B.Bettercooperationamongteammates.

C.Improvedtechniquesforconversations.

D.Moresharedexperiencesbetweenacouple.

D

YoumightnotthinkthatanAIcapableofmakingmusicwouldstimulateyouremotion,butothersthink

differently,particularlythosewhogatheredatMexicoCity'sSymphonyHallin2019forSchubertsUnfinished

Symphony,whichIfinishedusingmelodiesgeneratedbyanAL

Astheorchestra（管弦樂團）finishedSchuberfsoriginalworkandbeganthemusictheAIandIhad

written,Icouldfeelthecrowd'senergyshiftfromastonishmenttoindignationandfear.Theyseemedafraidthatan

AImightbeabletomakeemotionalsymphonicmusic.Youcanseetheirpoint:anAIthatmakesemotionalmusic

couldaffecttheemotionallivesofthousandsorevenmillionsofpeopleinasmall,butprofoundway,justlikea

humanmusiciandoes.

Positiveandnegative,peoplereactedverystronglytoAFssymphonicdebut（首秀）.Eventhoughmost

peopledon'tbelievethatAIcancreatesomethingenjoyable,they,atleastpartly,didenjoytheUnfinished

Symphony.

Enjoymentinmusicimpliesthatthere9ssomethinginthemusicthatthelistenerconnectsto,aperceptionof

sharedemotion.But,inthecaseofAImusic,anemotionsharedwithwho?AI,asofyet,hasnoemotions.Sowhat

isthemeaningofmusicmadewithoutanemotionalcomposer?Theunsatisfyingansweristhatmusichasno

objectivemeaning.Acomposercandecidehowapieceofmusicsounds,butit'sthelistenerthatdecideswhatit

means.

Nomatterhowitscreated,musicdoesn'texistinavacuum（真空）tothelistener.Themeaningweassign

tomusicdependsonitscontext——howthepiececonnectstootherelementsinourlives.Withoutcontext,musicis

liketheresultsofagamewhoseruleshavebeenlost.Thecontextforamusicispartofwhoyouare.Themusicis

emotionaltoyoubecauseyouhavethecontexttoappreciateit.Asitcontinuestoevolve,AImusicwilldevelopits

owncontext.Certainly,it'llbedifferentfromhuman-mademusic.Ifllmixexistinggenrestocreatenewones;ifll

combineinstrumentsthatwewouldn'tthinkofcombining.Itsruleswillbedifferent.

Fmnowalwaysaskedthesamequestion:ctWhoputtheemotioninthatmusic:you,thecomposer,ortheAI?”

Butthafsnotthequestiontheyreallywanttoask,though.There5sadeeperquestionthatmostpeoplearetooafraid

toaskrightnow:"Aremyemotionssosimplethattheycanbemaneuveredbyamachine?^^

Inmyexperience,thiscouldbepossibleoneday.IfamodestlycapablemusicAIin2019couldstirup

emotionsofanaudience,maybeAIcanhaveamorepowerfuleffectonouremotionallivesthanwe'dliketoadmit.

31.Theaudiencereactedstronglytothesymphonymainlydueto.

A.theirdoubtsaboutAl'scapabilities

B.theiruneasinessaboutAFsinfluence

C.theorchestra'sbrilliantpresentationofAImusic

D.thelikenessbetweenAImusicandtheoriginalwork

32.Whatmighttheauthoragreewith?

A.AIposeslittleimpactonpeople'semotions.

B.Musicbearsnointendedemotionalmeaning.

C.AImusicwilloutperformhuman-mademusic.

D.Thecontextreflectspeople'sinterpretationofmusic.

33.Whatdoestheword“maneuvered“underlinedinParagraph6mostprobablymean?

A.Refreshed.B.Challenged.C.Revealed.D.Directed.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AreComposersToBeReplaced?

B.WouldAIMusicBeaRisingTrend?

C.CouldAIMakeMusicThatMovesYou?

D.WastheUnfinishedSymphonySuccessful?

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中

有兩項為多余選項。

Socrates,Galileo,MarieCurie,Einstein...Whatdidthesegreatthinkershaveincommon?Theyallpracticed

deliberatedoubtanduseditasatooltoimprovetheirthinkingandgeneratecreativeideas.

35Itisaboutsuspendingourcertaintyandlettinggoofourpreconceived（先入為主的）notionsin

ordertoexplorenewideasandperspectives.Whenwe9recertainofsomething,wetendtostoplookingfor

alternativeexplanationsorpossibilities.36Doubtcan,ofcourse,beunsettling,butitcanalsoresultina

greaterunderstandingofasubjectandinspirefreshthoughtsandinsights.

37Butitdoesn'tmeanweshoulduseitallthetime.Whiledeliberatedoubtcanbeavaluabletoolfor

generatingcreativeideasandexploringcomplexproblems,itcanalsobecounterproductiveifitisnotpracticedin

therightway.

Ifsimportanttokeepinmindthatdeliberatedoubtisnotconstantdoubt.Ifwe'recontinuouslydoubtingour

ownideas,we'llbelesslikelytopursuethemandseethemthroughtocompletion.38Wespendsomuch

timedoubtingeverythingandendupnotdoinganything.

39Wecanbecomeself-criticalandunsureofourabilities,whichcanundermineourself-esteem.Asa

result,wemaybetooafraidtotrynewthingsortakerisks.

Toavoidthesetraps,it'simportanttostrikeabalancebetweendoubtandcertainty,andtousedoubtasatool

tostimulatecreativethinkingandexploration,ratherthanasameansofunderminingourselvesorothers.

A.Deliberatedoubtcanalsoleadtoalackofconfidence.

B.Butwhenwedoubt,we'reforcedtoconsiderotherperspectives.

C.Inthiscase,deliberatedoubtcanpreventusfrommakingdecisions.

D.Whenpracticedallthetime,deliberatedoubtcanleadtoadifferentbelief.

E.Byturningdoubtintoadeliberateprocess,weopenourselvestonewpossibilities.

F.Deliberatedoubtisthepracticeofactivelyquestioningourbeliefsandassumptions.

G.Deliberatedoubtcanhelpustodevelopamoreopen-mindedapproachtotheworld.

第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

WhenIthinkaboutrunningatimedmileinelementaryschoolPEclass,Icanstillfeelthefull-bodysensation

ofstress.ThemilerunwaspartoftheNationalPhysicalFitnessTest,abiannualassessmentgiventoelementary

throughhighschoolstudents,whichincludedfiveevents:themilerun,sit-ups,pull-upsorpush-ups,asit-and-reach

andashuttlerun.

Twiceayear,thetop15percentofparticipantsnationwidewerehonoredwithaPhysicalFitnessAward.Atmy

school,thewinners5nameswerepaintedononeofthegym'swalls.ForyearsIstaredadmiringlyatthosenames,

wonderingifIwouldevermakethecut.ButnomatterhowhardItried,Icouldneverpullmychinabovethebar.

Ibelievedeeplyinthevalueofphysicalactivityfbrboththemindandthebody.However,itwasn'tuntilIwas

inmy30sandhadrunahalf-dozenhalf-marathons,atacomfortablepace,thatIevenbegantobelieveIwasa

sportswoman.Tveheardsimilarstoriesfrommanypeople.MyfriendNatalia,agroupfitnessinstructor,saidthat

foryearsshesawherselfaslackingathleticismthankstoherexperienceinPEclass.Itwasonlywhenshetooka

fitnessclassthatshebegantoseeherselfasphysicallycapable.

Theirexperiences,andmyown,mademebelieveevenifPEclassandfitnessassessmentfailtomakeyou

developapositiverelationshipwithsports,thereisdefinitelyapositiveopportunitytomakeitasourceofjoyin

yourlife.

IfstakenyearstomeetmyselfwhereIam.WhenIrunamiletheseday