2021屆高考英語(yǔ)“中國(guó)元素”之閱讀理解-中國(guó)社會(huì)(一)

高中高中2021屆高考英語(yǔ)“中國(guó)元素”之閱讀理解中國(guó)社會(huì)（一）一、Lookingforaplacetotakearest,sipacupofcoffeeandhaveafurrycompanion?Welcometoanimal-themedcafes.Inrecentyears,thecombinationofpetsandcateringhasbecomeincrediblypopularinmanycitiesthroughoutChina.Whilemanycafesstartedoutofferingthecompanyofcatsanddogs,othersareexpandingtheirrange.Somecafesincludeanimalslikesquirrels,raccoonsandevencapybaras.Inreviews,internetusershavecommentedthattheirmainreasonforvisitingthesebusinessesistointeractcloselywithanimalstheyhaveonlyseenfromafar.“Thecustomersloveanimals.Theyarecuriousaboutthesepetsandwanttoraiseoneathome,butcircumstancesdon’tallowit,”saidpetcafeownerTianRui,LiuJing,aBeijingresidentwhoworksinfinance,lovespigs,butherparentswouldnotendorsehergettingoneasapet.The24-year-oldhadtoadmiretheanimalsthroughvideosandimages.Butnow,shecanhaveclosecontactwithanadorablepigeveryweekendinapetcafe.Also,thesepetcafesserveasashelterforthosewhofindcomfortinbeingaroundanimals.“Inthisplace,youcangetclosetothecutelittleonesinaverycomfortablewaywithouthavingtoworryaboutsafetyandhygiene(衛(wèi)生)—overall,itisanextremelycomfortableexperience,”saidZhaoMingfromTianjin,30,afrequentpetcafevisitor.Animalloversalsoexpectthepetcafestochangepeople’sattitudestowardpets.Animalslikeducks,pigsandsheephavebeenservedasfoodformanyyears.Peoplehardlyseethemaspets.Butthepetcafeshelpshifttheirattitudefromseeingthemasplaythingstoregardingthemasfamilymembersorclosefriends.“Whetherathomeorinstores,theselittleanimalsarethereforcompanionshipandtheybringwarmthtoourhearts.Theycareandunderstandjustlikefamilymembers.Theygiveusmuchmorethanthelovewegivetothem,”Zhaosaid.1.Whydopeoplevisitpetcafes?

A.Topursueinnerpeace.

B.Toappreciateanimalimages.

C.Toexperienceacleanenvironment.

D.Tohaveclosecontactwithanimals.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endorse”inParagraph4mean?

A.Believein. B.Approveof. C.Prevent. D.Suspect.

3.WecanconcludefromParagraph6thatpetcafesmay__________.

A.changeourviewsofanimals

B.teachushowtolookafterpetsbetter

C.showustheimportanceofhavingpets

D.remindustovalueourfamilyandfriends

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CafesEnjoyGreatPopularity

B.IdealSheltersforLovelyAnimals

C.AnimalsTurnintoCompanions

D.AnimalLoversfromDifferentCities二、Itshouldbeoneofthemaingoalsintodaysocietytoreduceplasticconsumption.Thoughmanybelieverecyclingwillsolvetheproblem,andcontinueusingplastic,it'sactuallytheopposite.In2013,254milliontonsoftrashwasproducedintheU.S.alone,andonlyaround30%wasrecycled.Thismeanstherestendedupinalandfillandwillstaythereforupto1000years.Recently,Chinahasstoppedimportingtrashfromallovertheworld.Beforethis,over30%oftheworld'swastewouldendupinChina,causingapopularbeliefthatAsiancountriesarethoseresponsibleforcreatingthemajorityofthewasteintheworld.Now,Asiancountries,includingVietnamandThailand,arelookingfornewideastoavoidplastic.Oneofthoseideaswasanew,eco-friendlywaytopacktheirgoodsbyavoidingplasticpackaging.OneofPerfectHomesChiangmai'steammembersnoticedacreativewaytoreduceplasticthatasupermarketcalledRimpingSupermarketwasusinganddecidedtotakephotosoftheirshelveswithhisphone.Littledidheknowthatpeopleallaroundtheworldwouldabsolutelylovethisidea."Ijustpoppedintogetafewitemswhilewewerewaitingtosignsomecontracts(合同)withourlawyer,whowasdelayed.WhenInoticedthevegetableswrappedinbananaleavesandsimplylikedtheidea,Itookafewpicturesandpostedthemonline.”hesaid.Withmorethan3.5millionviewsandover17thousandshares,theideabecamesomethingpeoplecanencouragemoresupermarketstoimplement(貫徹).Somehavenoticedthatnoteverythingontheshelvesiscompletelyplastic-free,towhichthesupermarketrespondedthattheyaretakingonestepatatime,butit'snotthateasy.Manyproductscometothesupermarketspre-packagedandmanycompaniesareinterestedinwrappingtheirproduceinplasticsinceitisthecheapestandtheeasiestoption.It'snowuptotheshopperstoshowthesupermarketwhichtheyprefer.Ifeveryoneoptsforthebananaleafpackaging,theywillprobablystopstockingtheitemsinplastic.1.Whatcanweinferaboutrecyclingfromparagraph1?

A.Theauthorthinkshighlyofrecycling.

B.TheUSdidagreatjobinrecyclingin2013.

C.Recyclinghasfailedtosolvetheplasticproblem.

D.Recyclinghelpsalotinreducingplasticconsumption.

2.WhydidthemangotoRimpingSupermarket?

A.Totakephotosoftheirshelves.

B.Tomeetwiththeirlawyerthere.

C.Tobuysomeitems.

D.Tosignsomecontractswiththesupermarket.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“optsfor"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Doubts. B.Discusses. C.Dislikes D.Chooses.

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.LeafPackagingGoesViral(走紅)

B.ReducingPlasticConsumption

C.RecyclingAvoidsPlasticPackaging

D.AGoodOptionMakesADifference三、March21isWorldSleepDay.OnMarch18,theChinaSleepResearchSocietypublisheda"WhitePaperonExerciseandSleep2021",whichexplorestherelationshipbetweenexerciseandsleep.Thewhitepaper,theproductofsurveysin31provinces,coversmanyaspectsofsleepandsleepquality.Ithasattractedwidespreadinterestamongnetizensafteritsrelease.Thereportshowsover300millionpeopleinChinatodayhavesleepdisorders,whiletheproportionofinsomniaamongpeoplewhoexerciseregularlyisonly10percent.Thismeanstherateofinsomniaamongthegeneralpopulationisnearlyfourtimeshigherthanthosewhoexerciseregularly.Studiesshowsleep

is

essential,aspeople

spenda

third

of

their

lives

asleep.Yet

today

moreandmorepeoplearesufferingfrominsomnia,whichcausesustosufferbothphysicallyandmentally.Increasedmentalstressisoneofthemajorcausesofinsomnia.Todaypeoplegenerallyworkmoreintenselyandareundermorementalstress,thuscausingsleepdisorders.Studiesshowpeoplewithhigherincomearemorelikelytosleeplatebecauseofovertime,andthatlawyers,businessexecutivesanddoctorsoftenhavetostayuplatebecauseofovertimework.Inaddition,thepopularityofelectronicshasalsoenrichedournightlife.Somenetizenssay,

"IfeelemptyifIdon’tbrowseTiktokorWeibobeforegoingtobed.,Retaliatoryagrypnia(報(bào)復(fù)性熬夜)is

also

increasing

amongyounger

generation.

Theysay“The

only

timeIhave

is

thetimebeforeIgotobed,andaslongasIdon’tsleeptoday,thenextdaywillnevercome.,Itformsaviciouscycleinwhichpeopledon’tgetenoughsleepatnightandfeelsleepyduringtheday.Decreasedimmunity,memoryloss,obesity,endocrinedisruptionandincreasedriskofdepression...theseareallpossiblerisksofstayinguplate.1.Whatdoesthereportshow?

A.Thosewhoexerciseregularlylesssufferfrominsomnia.

B.Peoplehavenoinsomniaproblems.

C.Peoplehavementalbreakdown.

D.Peopleprefertostayup.

2.Whatcausestheproblemofinsomniaaccordingtothepassage?

A.Regularexerciseandlimitedactivitiesinbed.

B.Increasedmentalstressandelectronics.

C.Foodandlifestyle.

D.Workenvironment.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnottheconsequenceofstayingup?

A.Memoryloss B.Obesity C.Depression D.Exercise

4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Thementalbreakdownrelatedtoinsomnia.

B.Theinsomniaproblemsincurrentsociety.

C.Thetipstoimproveinsomniaproblems.

D.Students’sleepdisorders.四、Childrenborninthepastfourdecadeshadtheluxuryofbeingthecenteroftheirparents’attention.Theentirefamily’sresourceswerepouredintotheireducationandwell-being.However,whenthesameresourcesaresplitbetweentwochildren,theamountdistributedtoeachoneisgoingtoshrink.AccordingtotheHangzhouDaily,whentherearetwochildreninthefamily,parentstendtochoosepublicschoolsinsteadofprivateschools,whichareusuallymoreexpensive.Eachchildisenrolledinfewerafter-schooltrainingclasses.Buthavingasecondchildmaycuresomedeep-rootedproblemsinChina’straditionalfamilyeducation.Havingtwochildreninthefamilycanhelptopreventonechildbeingspoiledbytoomuchattention,accordingtoPeople’sDaily.Italsosparestheonlychildfromthepressureofshoulderingparentalexpectationsallalone.Takingcareofasiblingalsoenableschildrentogainasenseofresponsibility,cooperation,obedienceandcaring.China’spubliceducationsystemisalsoexpectedtoshift.Currently,therearenotenoughvacanciesinkindergartenandschoolstoaccommodatethepotentialincreaseinchildren.“It’snotonlytheenrollmentcapacityofeducationalinstitutionsthatwillfeelthepressure.Peoplearealsoplacingmoreemphasisonthequalityofeducation,”P(pán)engXizhe,directorofthePopulationandDevelopmentResearchPolicyCenteratFudanUniversity,toldChinaEducationDaily.Hepredictsthegovernmentmayhavetoinvestmoretosupporttheeducationalsystemasaresultofthenewfamilyplanningmeasure.1.Whatcanchildrenbenefitfromatwo-childfamily?

A.Theycanhavelesspressure.

B.Theycanstudyinprivateschools.

C.Theycangetmuchmoreattention.

D.Theycantakemoreafter-schooltrainingclasses.

2.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedword"accommodate"?

A.hold B.adapt C.solve D.consider

3.WhatcanweinferfromPengXizhe’swords?

A.Peopleareplacingmoreemphasisonthequalityofeducation.

B.Thegovernmentmayhavetoinvestmoretosupporttheeducationalsystem.

C.Thenewfamilyplanningmeasurewillchallengethecurrenteducationalsystem.

D.Theeducationalinstitutionswillfeelthepressurethattheircapacityisnotenough.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Toshowbenefitsofowningtwochildren.

B.Topersuadepeopletobearmorechildren.

C.Toencouragepeopletohaveonlyonechild.

D.Tointroducetheimpactoftwo-childpolicy.五、

AnindependentcollegeclaimedtohavebecomethefirstschoolinEnglandtomakeChineseacompulsory(強(qiáng)制的)subjectforitspupils.

RichardCairns,theheadmasterofBrightonCollege,saidthemoveaimstorecognizetheimportanceofChinaastheworld’sfastestgrowingeconomy.

Chinesewillbecomeoneofthecoresubjectsatthe1,200-pupilcollegefromSeptember.Atpresenttheschoolhasonlya“handful”ofnativeChinesestudents,butithopestoattractmoreinthefuture.

Mr.Cairns,whomadetheannouncementinhisfirstweekasheadofthehigh-achievingcollege,said,“OneofmykeytasksistomakesurethatthepupilsatBrightonCollegeareequippedfortherealitiesofthe21stcentury,andoneofthoserealitiesisthatChinahasthefastestgrowingeconomyintheworld.

“ChinahasreplacedBritainastheworld’sfourth-largesteconomy.WeinBritainneedtofaceuptothischallenge,seeitforthetradingopportunitythatitis,andensurethatournation’schildrenarewell-placedtothrive(茁壯成長(zhǎng))inthisnewglobalreality.

“AbetterunderstandingofthelanguageandcultureofChinawillbehugelyimportanttotheadvantageofthechildrenofBrightonCollege.”

Mr.CairnssaidhehopedtheChinesechildrenalreadyatthecollegewouldhelpandencouragetheirfellowpupilstolearntheirlanguage.

Inordertoleadtheway,Mr.Cairns,ahistorianfromOxford,planstotakepartinthefirstChineseclassasapupil.“IhaveagreedtojointhefirstChineseclassasapupil.IthinkitisthebestwayformetoshowthepupilsherehowimportantIregardthisnewadditiontoourcoresubjects.”1.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.

A.howtofaceuptonewchallengesinthe21stcentury

B.therealitiesofthe21stcentury

C.thefastestgrowingeconomyintheworld

D.aboutaschoolwhichwillmakeallitspupilslearnChinese

2.ThecollegemakesitsstudentslearnChinesemainlybecause________.

A.Chineseisalanguagespokenbythelargestpopulationintheworld

B.itrealizestheimportanceofChinaastheworld’sfastestgrowingeconomy

C.Chineseistheeasiestlanguageforthestudents

D.therearemanynativeChinesestudentsatthecollege

3.WhatisMr.Cairns’attitudetowardsthedevelopmentofChina?

A.Heseesittobeathreat.

B.Heconsidersittobeanopportunity.

C.Hethinksofitasadanger.

D.Heregardsitasanencouragement.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheChinesestudentsatthecollegehavealreadyhelpedtheirfellowstudentstolearnChinese.

B.TheschoolisthefirstinEnglandtomakeChineseacompulsorysubject.

C.Mr.Cairnshasjustbeenmadeheadofthishigh-achievingcollege.

D.InMr.Cairns’opinion,learningChinesewillbeagreathelptohisstudents.

答案以及解析一、答案：1.D;2.B;3.A;4.C

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“…theirmainreasonforvisitingthesebusinessesistointeractwithanimalstheyhaveonlyseenfromafar.”可知,人們參觀寵物咖啡館的主要原因是想和這些動(dòng)物進(jìn)行近距離接觸。

2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的句子“The24-year-oldhadtoadmiretheanimalsthroughvideosandimages.”可知,她父母不贊成她養(yǎng)寵物。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第一句和最后一句可知,寵物咖啡館改變了人們對(duì)動(dòng)物的態(tài)度。

4.主旨大意題。由全文可知,寵物咖啡館改變了人們對(duì)動(dòng)物的態(tài)度,這些動(dòng)物就像家庭成員一樣陪伴人們。二、答案：1.C;2.C;3.D;4.A

解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段倒數(shù)