江蘇省徐州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGE29-江蘇省徐州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）（考試時間：120分鐘。滿分：150分）本試卷共12頁，由四個部分組成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題。第三部分的其次節(jié)、第三節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。留意事項：作答選擇題時，考生務(wù)必用2B鉛筆把選擇題在答題紙上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。作答非選擇題時，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的0.5毫米的簽字筆寫在答題紙上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律無效。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選岀最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Warm.C.Sunny.2.Whereisthescienceclassbeingheld?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthelaboratory。.C.Inthelibrary.3.Whydoesthemanrefusethewoman?A.Thestoreisclosed.B.Heneedstogotowork.C.Theyhavecoldmedicineathome.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Seeamovie.B.Goonholiday.C.Visithisrelatives.5.Whattimedoesthemeetingstart?A.At11:40.B.At11:50.C.At12:00.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Familymembers.C.Co-workers.7.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheoldfactory?A.Itisboring.B.Itisdangerous.C.Itistoofaraway.聽第7段材米斗，回答第8至10題。8.Whereisthewomanprobably?A.Athome.B.Inagym.C.Inanoffice.9.Howoftendidthewomanusetoexercise?A.Onceaday.B.Onceaweek.C.Onceamonth.10.Whatexercisedoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Runoutside.B.Playtennis.C.Rideanexercisebike.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatwillthemandofirsttonight?A.Eatdinner.B.Watchamovie.C.Dohishomework.12.Whichmoviedoesthemanwanttosee?A.NeZha.B.Frozen2.C.Starliars.13.Whydoesthemandisagreewithdownloadingmoviesonline?A.Hewantstosupportthefilmmakers.B.Helikestoseemoviesintheaters.C.Hethinksit'snotallowedbythelaw.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdidthestrangerdoaccordingtothemon?A.Hestolesomething.B.Hesoldsomething.C.Heaskedfordirections.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthestranger?A.Hewasrude.B.Hewasfriendly.C.Hewasdishonest.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Goshopping.B.Makesomefood.C.Goouttochecksomething.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?A.Aschool'seducationproject.B.Aschool'sclosingannouncement.C.Aschool'sideastofightthevirus.18.Whomightbeallowedtoattendschoolduringthisperiod?A.Anurse'schild.B.Afarmer'schild.C.Anengineer'schild.19.Whoisthetalkaimedat?A.Students.B.Parents.C.Teachers.20.Howshouldpeoplecontacttheschool?A.Bysendinganemail.B.Bymakingaphonecall..C.Bygoingthereinperson.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑.AMarvelatTheseFreaksofNatureTheworldisfilledwithunique,breathtakingsites-fromboilingcraterstocavesfulloflightningbugs.Whileaglobaldiseaseornaturaldisastersshockoursoul,wemightnotappreciatenature.Infact,enjoyingthewonderofnaturecanprovidesomebreaksfromtoomuchtimeindoors.ThesesitesaregreatforyouwhenlookingforhopeinsomeofMotherNature'sgreatestofferings.01FlyGeyser（WashoeCounty,Nevada）ThisgeyserinnorthernNevada,foundsurroundedbyfieldsofgrasswascreatedbyaccidentwhenageothermalpowercompanydrilledatestwell（井)）wherethegeysernowsitsin1964.Thecombinationofcalciumcarbonatedeposits（碳酸鈣沉淀物）andextremelyhotwaterresultedinthreenearly6-foot-high,brightlycoloredredan?greenhillsthatshoothotwaterintotheair.02TheMarbleCaves（Aysen,Chile）Thesecaves--accessibleonlybyboat-sitintheheartofPatagoniaandwenformedover6.000yearsaswatercontinuedtosplashagainstthesolidrockformationstocreatetheseuniquebluemarbleformations.03LakeSorvagsvatn（Vagar,TheFaroeIslands）Thisfreshwaterlakeisfamousforitsappearanceof"floatingabovetheocean.Thoughit'sactuallynoteven100feetabovesealevel,fromvariouscameraangles,thelakelookslikeitishundredsoffeetabovetheoceanbecauseofitsjuxtaposition（并列）withadramaticwaterfallandtheclifftoitsside.04KrkaNationalPark（Sibenik-knin,Croatia）ThisnationalparkinsouthernCroatiaisfamousforhavingnotone,butseven,gorgeouswaterfallsstreamingwithgreenish-bluewaters,includingtheattractiveSkradinskibukwaterfall.Theclearwaterinitsbasinisoftenfilledwithvisitorstakingadip.1.Accordingtothetext,thefollowingareallfalseexceptthat________.A.thesesitesallhavesomethingtodowithwaterfallsB.youmayseelightningbugsintheMarbleCavesbyboatC.LakeSorvagsvatnarefloatinghundredsoffeetabovetheoceanD.theFlyerGeyserhas6colorfulhillsshootinghotwaterintoair2.Ifvisitorswanttohaveaswim,theyshouldgoto________.A.theFlyerGeyser B.LakeSorvagsvatnC.KrkaNationalPark D.theMarbleCaves3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Togivebasicfactsaboutthesefreaksofnature.B.Toexplainthereasonswhythesesitesaregreat.C.TocallonpeopletoappreciatethesefreaksofnatureD.Toofferadviceonhowtovisitthesewondersofnature.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了4個網(wǎng)站，在這里可以領(lǐng)會自然給予我們獨(dú)特的，令人驚羨的景色。1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Theworldisfilledwithunique,breathtakingsites-fromboilingcraterstocavesfulloflightningbugs.”，可知世界上充溢了獨(dú)特的、令人驚羨的景點(diǎn)——從沸騰的火山口到充溢閃電蟲的洞窟。而大理石洞窟（MarbleCaves）內(nèi)就很可能存在螢火蟲，所以你可以乘船在大理石洞窟里看到螢火蟲。故選B項。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“Theclearwaterinitsbasinisoftenfilledwithvisitorstakingadip”，可知Krka國家公園的澄澈的水池里常常擠滿了游泳的游客，所以假如想游泳，應(yīng)當(dāng)去Krka國家公園。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。文章主要介紹了幾個有特色的，可以領(lǐng)會自然美景的網(wǎng)站，并依據(jù)首段“ThesesitesaregreatforyouwhenlookingforhopeinsomeofMotherNature'sgreatestofferings.”當(dāng)你在大自然最宏大的貢獻(xiàn)中找尋希望時，這些網(wǎng)站特別適合你?？梢酝茢辔恼碌闹饕康氖呛粲跞藗冇^賞這些大自然的奇異景色。故選C項。【點(diǎn)睛】做應(yīng)用文的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，須要快速找尋信息，做這類題時沒有必要閱讀全文,宜采納“題干定位法”。依據(jù)題干中供應(yīng)的信息,快速從原文中找到相應(yīng)的信息。例如第一題可以從lightningbugs這個關(guān)鍵詞快速找到有用的信息cavesfulloflightningbugs，從而推斷擁有洞窟的景點(diǎn)是可以看到螢火蟲的，這樣可以保證答題快速精確。BTheoriginofcoffee?Ineverreallythoughtaboutit.WhenIwasakid,coffeewasalwaysaround.Myparentsdrankcoffee,mygrandparentsdrankcoffee,andalltheadultsIknewdrankcoffee.IthoughtIwoulddrinkittoowhenIwasolder,andofcourse.Idid.Buttheremusthavebeenatimebeforecoffee.Idon'tremembercoffeemakinganappearanceinanyoftheBible(圣經(jīng))storiesIlearned.Jesuschangedwaterintowine,notcoffee.Maybeifcoffeehadbeenaround,hewouldhavechangedsomeofthewaterintocoffee.Maybethat'swhat“B.C."inthosetimelinesmeant:"beforecoffee."Accordingtopopularlegend,theoriginofcoffeecanbetracedtoathousandyearsago,whenanAbyssinian(Ethiopian)goatherd(牧羊人)namedKaidiobservedhisgoatsdancingandjumping.WhenKaidiinvestigated,hesawthatthegoatswerehappilyeatingtheredberries（漿果)ofanunfamiliartree.Kaididecidedtotrysome,andwhenhedidhejoinedthedancinggoatsandbecame“thehappiestherderinhappyArabia''.Sometimelater,apassingmonk(和尚)observedKaidiandthegoats.WhenKaiditoldhimabouttheberries,themonkthoughttheymightbetheanswertohisprayers(祈禱).Itseemsthatthemonkwasalwaysfallingasleepinthemiddleofprayers.Whenheatetheberries,hestayedawake.Theunnamedmonkcameupwiththeideaofdryingandboilingtheberries.Itcameintotheworld.Hisfellowmonkslovedthenewdrinkbecauseitencouragedthemtoprayandittastedgoodtoo.SonowthatIknowaboutKaidiandhisgoats,ifsomeday-inthefar,farfuture,ofcoursesomeonecallsmean"oldgoat",I'lljustsmile,takeanothersipofcoffee,andmaybedoalittledance.4.Whydidn'tJesuschangewaterintocoffee?A.BecauseJesusdidn'tlikecoffee.B.Becausecoffeedidn'tappearatthattime.C.Becauseitwasnottherighttimetohavecoffee.D.BecauseJesuswasbetteratchangingwaterintowine.5.Whatisthetoneoftheauthorwhenwritingthetext?A.Serious. B.Objective.C.Scientific. D.Humorous.6.Theunderlinedword“it"inparagraph4refersto________.A.akindofnewdrinkB.akindoffoodmadebymonksC.akindofsoupneededtobeboiledD.akindofdrugencouragingpeopletokeepawake7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheOriginofCoffee.B.TheDevelopmentofCoffee.C.ThePopularityofCoffeeintheWorld.D.TheCoffee-drinkingTraditioninMyFamily.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講解并描述咖啡的起源。【4題詳解】推理推斷題，依據(jù)其次段的Maybeifcoffeehadbeenaround,hewouldhavechangedsomeofthewaterintocoffee.(或許假如咖啡在身邊，他會把一些水變成咖啡)可推斷，耶穌沒有把水變成咖啡是因?yàn)樵谀菚r沒有咖啡。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的Maybethat'swhat“B.C."inthosetimelinesmeant:"beforecoffee."(或許那就是時間軸上的B.C.意思是“在咖啡之前。”的緣由)，和最終一段SonowthatIknowaboutKaidiandhisgoats,ifsomeday-inthefar,farfuture,ofcoursesomeonecallsmean"oldgoat",I'lljustsmile,takeanothersipofcoffee,andmaybedoalittledance.(所以現(xiàn)在我知道了凱迪和他的山羊，假如有一天，在遙遠(yuǎn)的將來，有人叫我“老山羊”，我會微笑，再喝一口咖啡，或許會跳一段舞蹈。)可推斷，作者寫這篇文章時，語氣是幽默的。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)上文Whenheatetheberries,hestayedawake.Theunnamedmonkcameupwiththeideaofdryingandboilingtheberries.(當(dāng)他吃漿果時，他保持醒悟。這位無名和尚想出了烘干并煮沸漿果的辦法。)以及下文Hisfellowmonkslovedthenewdrinkbecauseitencouragedthemtoprayandittastedgoodtoo.(他的同修們愛上了這種新飲料，因?yàn)樗钏麄兤矶\并且嘗起來也美味)可推斷，煮沸這些漿果后的新飲料面世，it指代這種新飲料。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文特殊是文章首句Theoriginofcoffee?可推斷，文章作者以幽默的口味講解并描述了咖啡的起源。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“咖啡的起源”。故選A。CHowPlantsBranchOuttoAccessWaterNewresearchhasdiscoveredhowplantrootssensetheavailabilityofwaterinsoilandthenadapt(適應(yīng))theirshapetoacquirewater.Thediscoverycouldenablecropstoberaisedwhicharemoreadaptivetochangesinclimateconditions,suchastheabsenceofwater,andhelpensurefoodsafetyinthefuture.Thesefindings,publishedinthejournalScience,describeanewmechanism(機(jī)制)discoveredbycooperatingteamsattheuniversitiesofNottinghamandDurham.Rootsareveryimportantforplantstoacquirewaterandnutrients(養(yǎng)分)fromthesoil.Waterisnecessarytoplantgrowth,yetchangingclimaticconditionsmakesacquiringwaterfromsoilevenmorechallenging.Plantsareabletoadapttodifferentsoilmoisture(潮濕)conditionsbychangingtheirroots.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatplantrootslackingabranchingmastergenewerenolongerabletobranchout.Theyfoundthatwhenrootshaveaccesstomoisture,thecertaingeneremainsactiveandpromotesrootbranching,butwhenputinair,thegeneisinactivated,preventingrootbranching.Theresearchhasidentifiedthecertainproteinwhichcaninactivaterootbranching.ProfessorSadanandomexplained:"Thisishugelyexcitingasitopensupthepossibilityforustohelpdevelopplantsthatcouldcontinuetobranchrootseveninchallengingconditionssuchastheabsenceofwater.''ProfessorBennettconcluded:"Wateristhekeytoplantgrowth,developmentandtheirsurvival.Bystudyinghowplantrootschangetheirbranchinginresponse(回應(yīng))towateravailability,wehaveuncoveredanewmechanism.Thisopensthewaytodevelopnewcropsbetteradaptedtoclimatechangeandtohelpdeliverglobalfoodsafety."Itisabsolutelyimperativetoensurefoodsafetyworldwide.Cropproductionmustdoubleby2050tokeeppacewithglobalpopulationgrowth.Thistargetisevenmorechallengingconsideringtheeffectofclimatechangeonwateravailability.Inthiscase,developingcropswithbetterabilitytoacquirewaterwouldprovideasolution.8.ThefindingsoftheresearchmayhaveapositiveeffectonseveralglobalissuesEXCEPTA.ensuringfoodsafety B.preservingtheagricultureC.solvingtheabsenceofwater D.increasingcropproduction9.Withthehelpofthefindings,plantsmaybeableto________.A.takeinmorenutrients B.changeinactivatedrootsC.growinchallengingconditions D.branchoutwithoutaspecialgene.10.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“imperative"inthelastparagraph?A.effective. B.hopeful.C.impractical. D.urgent.11.WhatisthenewmechanismmentionedbyProfessorBennett?A.Howabranchingmastergenerespondstoaparticularnutrient.B.Howplantrootschangetheirshapeaccordingtothesoilmoisture.C.Whyplantshavedifferentabilitiestoadapttosoilmoistureconditions.D.Howthecertainproteininactivatesrootbranchingwhenaccessibletowater.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】本文是說明文。一項新的探討發(fā)覺了植物根系是如何感知土壤中水分的可利用性，然后調(diào)整自身形態(tài)來獲得水分的，并介紹了這一發(fā)覺的意義。【8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段Thediscoverycouldenablecropstoberaisedwhicharemoreadaptivetochangesinclimateconditions,suchastheabsenceofwater,andhelpensurefoodsafetyinthefuture.可知這一發(fā)覺能使農(nóng)作物更能適應(yīng)氣候條件的變更，增加產(chǎn)量，解決水資源缺乏，并有助于確保將來的食品平安。B項愛護(hù)農(nóng)業(yè)沒有涉及，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段Thisishugelyexcitingasitopensupthepossibilityforustohelpdevelopplantsthatcouldcontinuetobranchrootseveninchallengingconditionssuchastheabsenceofwater.可知這個發(fā)覺為我們供應(yīng)了一種可能性，能夠幫助我們培育出即使在缺水這樣具有挑戰(zhàn)性的條件下也能接著生根的植物。故選C。【10題詳解】揣測詞義題。上段最終一句Thisopensthewaytodevelopnewcropsbetteradaptedtoclimatechangeandtohelpdeliverglobalfoodsafety.提到新發(fā)覺為開發(fā)更好地適應(yīng)氣候變更的新作物和幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)全球食品平安開拓了道路。本句提到了ensurefoodsafetyworldwide（確保全球食品平安），依據(jù)上下文語境和常識可知此處指確保全球食物平安是肯定緊迫的，imperative與urgent同義，故選D。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段Plantsareabletoadapttodifferentsoilmoisture(潮濕)conditionsbychangingtheirroots.(植物能夠通過變更它們的根來適應(yīng)不同的土壤潮濕條件)和倒數(shù)其次段ProfessorBennett說的Bystudyinghowplantrootschangetheirbranchinginresponse(回應(yīng))towateravailability,wehaveuncoveredanewmechanism.(通過探討植物根系如何變更他們的分支來回應(yīng)水的可用性，我們發(fā)覺了一個新的機(jī)制。)由此推斷出，這個新機(jī)制就是植物根系是如何依據(jù)土壤濕度變更形態(tài)的，故選B。DAwidowwithafishtofryAYOUNGWOMANWALKSINTOTHEBATHROOMofherBeijingapartment.Sheplanstoaskherhusbandabouttheircomingvacation,butnoticeshe'sfacedownintheirbathtub.Jokingly,sheaskshimifhe'stryingtowashhishair.Noanswer.He'sdead.ThesefirstpagesofAnYu'snovel,BraisedPork,soundlikeadomesticthriller.Thedeadhusband.Afancyapartment.Andawifewhoshowsthatevenifshe'sshockedbytheunexpecteddeath,shewasn'thappywithhermarriagetobeginwith.Yuwrites,“Hehadbetrayed（背叛）anddesertedher."Butthen,asshewaitsfortheambulance,JiaJiadiscoversapictureofastrangefish-manleftnearherbathtub.SheremembersherhusbanddescribingthecreatureonatriptoTibet—ithadshownupinadream.JiaJiadoesn'tknowityet,butthedrawingwilltakehermilesfromhome,changingwhatsheknowstobetrueaboutherself.It'sthisexperiencethatchangesBraisedPorkintoanoriginalnarrative（敘事）onethatdoesn'tfitintoanygenre（體裁）.AsJiaJiapicksupthepiecesofherlife,shewondershowmuchofherselfshesuppressed（壓抑）topleaseherhusband.Shewasonceanartist,butherhusbanddiscouragedherfromrunningafterherdream.Nowshecanexplorethosedesiresalone,though.ANOTHERAUTHORmighthavechosentofollowayoungwidowonajourneyoffindingloveafterloss.But28-year-oldYusmartlydecidesnotto.Instead,sheusesJiaJiaasawaytoexploretheanxietyofcontemporarywomanhood.JiaJiadoeswanttofindloveagain,whichisonlyasmallpartofthestory.Yuleavesroomforhertobeginamorematerialsearch:uncoveringthemeaningbehindthepicturebesideherhusband'sdeadbody.Therearesomeimagesthatmakeussouncomfortable.It'simpossibletolookawayfromthem.ForJiaJia,it'sthefish-manatfirst,andthenmorememoriesofthepast,whichinterruptherpresent.InBraisedPork,Yuraisesquestionsaboutwhywekeepaneyeonthosemoments-andhowtheymightrelatetothecompanywewishfor.12.What'sthegenreofthenovelBraisedPork?A.Mystery. B.Narrative.C.Domesticthriller. D.Noneoftheabove.13.WhatkindofpersonwouldyousayJiaJiaisbeforeherhusband'sdeath?A.lonelyandsuppressed. B.innocentbutunlucky.C.humorousandindependent. D.talentedandpassionate.14.Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,weknow________.A.JiaJiaandYubothwishforcompanyB.JiaJiawouldratherliveinthepastthaninthefutureC.YuusesJiaJiatoexploretheanxietyofcontemporarywomanhoodD.Thenovelismainlyaboutayoungwidowfindinghertrueloveafterloss15.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrightaccordingtothetext?A.Yuusesuncomfortableimagestocatchreader'sattention.BThepictureofastrangefish-manwilltakeJiaJiaawayfromhome.C.JiaJiacantakeupartagainafterherhusband'sunexpecteddeath.D.JiaJiaisn'tsatisfiedwithhermarriageduetoherhusband'sbetrayal.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.A【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。本文是小說《BraisedPork》的書評，講解并描述了小說了主要內(nèi)容，文體和體裁以及感想等?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的It'sthisexperiencethatchangesBraisedPorkintoanoriginalnarrative（敘事）onethatdoesn'tfitintoanygenre（體裁）.(正是這種經(jīng)驗(yàn)把BraisedPork變成了一種不適合任何體裁的原始敘事)可知，這部小說不屬于任何文體。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段Hehadbetrayed（背叛）anddesertedher.他背叛了她，拋棄了她。以及第四段的AsJiaJiapicksupthepiecesofherlife,shewondershowmuchofherselfshesuppressed（壓抑）topleaseherhusband.(當(dāng)賈佳拿起她生命中的碎片時，她想知道她多么壓抑了來取悅她的丈夫。)可推斷，在丈夫死前賈佳是壓抑的,被丈夫背叛和拋棄,是孤獨(dú)的。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的Instead,sheusesJiaJiaasawaytoexploretheanxietyofcontemporarywomanhood.可知，相反，作者用賈佳作為一種方式來探究當(dāng)代女性的焦慮。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段的Therearesomeimagesthatmakeussouncomfortable,it'simpossibletolookawayfromthem.可知，有些讓我們特別不舒適的圖像，避開他們是不行能的。因此可知，這些令人不舒適的圖像并不吸引讀者。故A項不正確。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理推斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出肯定的推理推斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理推斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是依據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理推斷題的題干中通常含infer，suggest，imply，conclude，indicate等標(biāo)記性詞語。這種題型主要包括細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)推斷題、看法觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、文章出處推斷題和揣測想象推斷題。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段Hehadbetrayed（背叛）anddesertedher.他背叛了她，拋棄了她。以及第四段的AsJiaJiapicksupthepiecesofherlife,shewondershowmuchofherselfshesuppressed（壓抑）topleaseherhusband.(當(dāng)賈佳拿起她生命中的碎片時，她想知道她多么壓抑了來取悅她的丈夫。)可推斷，在丈夫死前賈佳是壓抑的,被丈夫背叛和拋棄,是孤獨(dú)的。故選A。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Amongtheoutbreakofthenovelcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP),theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)hasofferedbasicprotectivemeasurestothepublicagainstthevirus.1.Washhandsfrequentlywithsoapandwateroruseanalcohol-basedhandrubifyourhandsarenotvisiblydirty.___16___2.___17___Ifyousneezeorcoughintoyourhands,youmaycontaminate(污染;傳染)objectsorpeoplethatyoutouch.Throwtissueimmediatelyintoaclosedbinandcleanhandswithalcohol-basedhandruborsoapandwater.3.Keepatleastone-meterdistancebetweenyourselfandotherpeople,particularlythosewhoarecoughing,sneezingandhaveafever,becausecoughsorsneezesofpeoplewhoareinfectedwitharespiratory(呼吸系統(tǒng))diseaseproject(噴射)smalldropscontainingthevirus.___18___4.Avoidtouchingeyes,noseandmouthbecausehandstouchmanysurfaces,whichcanbecontaminatedwith:thevirus.Ifyoutouchyoureyes,noseormouthwithyourcontaminatedhands,youcantransferthevirusfromthesurfacetoyourself.5.Tellyourhealthcareproviderifyouhavetraveledinanareawheretheepidemic(流行病).hasbeenreported,orifyouhavebeeninclosecontactwithsomeonewhohasrespiratorysymptoms.6.Practicegeneralhygiene(衛(wèi)生)measureswhenvisitingliveanimalmarkets,wetmarketsoranimalproductmarkets.___19___.AvoidcontactwithpotentiallycontaminatedanimalwasteorfluidsonthesoilOrstructuresofshopsandmarketfacilities.7.___20___.Handlerawmeat,milk,oranimalorganscarefullytoavoidcross-contaminationwithuncookedfood.A.AvoideatinganimalproductsB.Ifyouaretooclose,youcanbreatheinthevirusC.Thishelpsknowingthevirusifit'sonyourhandsD.AvoideatingraworundercookedanimalproductsE.Thishelpsremovingthevirusifit'sonyourhandsF.StrictlyavoidanycontactwithotheranimalsinthemarketG.Coveryourmouthandnosewithtissuewhencoughingandsneezing【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.F20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。在新型冠狀病毒肺炎(NCP)的暴發(fā)中，世界衛(wèi)生組織(世衛(wèi)組織)向公眾供應(yīng)了針對該病毒的基本愛護(hù)措施。文章介紹了所實(shí)行的愛護(hù)措施?！?6題詳解】上文提示“常常用肥皂和水洗手，假如你的手不是很臟，可以用含酒精的洗手液。”承接上文，E項Thishelpsremovingthevirusifit'sonyourhands（假如它在你的手上，這有助于去除病毒。）切題。故選E?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“假如你用手打噴嚏或咳嗽，你可能會污染你接觸的物體或人?！背薪酉挛?，G項Coveryourmouthandnosewithtissuewhencoughingandsneezing（咳嗽和打噴嚏時用紙巾捂住口鼻）切題。故選G?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“與他人保持至少一米的距離，尤其是那些咳嗽、打噴嚏和發(fā)燒的人，因?yàn)楦腥玖撕粑兰膊〉娜丝人曰虼驀娞鐣r，會噴出含有病毒的小液滴?！背薪由衔?，B項Ifyouaretooclose,youcanbreatheinthevirus（假如你離得太近，你會吸入病毒。）切題。故選B。【19題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“到訪活生動物市場、水貨市場或動物產(chǎn)品市場時，應(yīng)留意衛(wèi)生。”再依據(jù)下文提示“避開接觸可能被污染的動物糞便或液體，接觸商店和市場設(shè)施的土壤或結(jié)構(gòu)。”承接上下文，F(xiàn)項Strictlyavoidanycontactwithotheranimalsinthemarket（嚴(yán)禁在市場上接觸其他動物）切題。故選F。20題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“當(dāng)心處理生肉、牛奶或動物器官，避開與未煮熟的食物交叉污染。”承接下文，D項Avoideatingraworundercookedanimalproducts（避開進(jìn)食生的或未煮熟的動物產(chǎn)品）切題。故選D。第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Janehasbeenmarriedformanyyears.Sheisalwayshopingforromanticmoments,justlikealittlegirlwishingforcandies.However,herhusbandisjustthe___21___.Hehardlybringsromanticmomentsintotheirlife,___22___hasmadeJanetiredoftheirmarriage.Finally,oneday,Janetoldherhusbandthatshewantedtodivorce（和…離婚）him.“Why?"heasked,in___23___."Iamtired;thereisno___24___foreverythingintheworld!"Janeanswered.Lostindeepthought,herhusbandsatthere,___25___,withalightedcigaretteinhishands.Eventuallyheasked,"WhatcanIdotochangeyour___26___?"Lookingdeepintohiseyes,Janeansweredslowly,"Let'ssay,ifIwantafloweronamountaincliff（懸崖）,butpickingtheflowerwillcostyouyour___27___,willyoudoitforme?"Heanswered,"youwillhavemyanswertomorrow?"Wakingupthenextmorning,Janefoundapieceofpaperlyingonthediningtable,which___28___:“Mydear,Iwouldnotpickthatflowerforyou,butpleaselistentomy___29___Thoughitonly____30____thefeelingofherdisappointment,Janecontinuedreading:"Themomentyouleavethehousekeys____31____,Iwillhavetosavemylegs,rushinghometoopenthe____32____foryou.YoualwaysliketostayindoorsandI____33____thatyouwillfeeltoolonely,soIhavetosavemymouthtotellyoujokesandstories.Youalways____34____longatthecomputer,whichwilldo____35____toyoureyes,soIhavetosavemyeyessothatwhenwegrow____36____,1canhelptoclipyournails.Thus,mydear,unlessIamsurethatthereissomeonewholovesyou____37____Ido,Icouldnotpickthatfloweryet,anddie."Jane'stearsfellonthe____38____andshecontinuedreading:“Nowthatyouhavefinishedreadingmyanswer,ifyouare____39____,pleaseopenthefrontdoor,forIamstandingoutsidebringingyouyourfavoritebreadandfreshmilk."____40____,notwords,winsarguments.21.A.opposite B.same C.difficult D.innocent22.A.it B.that C.when D.which23.A.complaint B.shock C.doubt D.annoyance24.A.result B.explanation C.cause D.reason25.A.anxious B.panicked C.silent D.calm26.A.attitude B.feeling C.situation D.mind27.A.life B.injury C.happiness D.trouble28.A.indicated B.wrote C.read D.expressed29.A.explanation B.version C.distinction D.contribution30.A.occupied B.ignored C.reduced D.increased31.A.off B.out C.away D.behind32.A.court B.door C.box D.window33.A.worry B.doubt C.believe D.think34.A.glance B.stare C.glare D.urge35.A.impression B.hurt C.harm D.ruin36.A.weak B.ill C.old D.close37.A.morethan B.ratherthan C.otherthan D.lessthan38.A.photos B.flowers C.floor D.letter39.A.determined B.hungry C.satisfied D.convenient40.A.Consideration B.Love C.Attachment D.Concern【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.D25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.D31.D32.B33.A34.B35.C36.C37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述了簡對自己婚姻的不滿，由于總覺得丈夫沒有浪漫感，所以提出離婚。而通過丈夫的一封信后感受到只有愛才是最重要的，愛，無需言語，已勝千辯?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她的丈夫恰恰相反。A.opposite反對；B.same同樣的；C.difficult困難的；D.innocent無辜的。依據(jù)下文可據(jù)上文可知簡很渴望浪漫，但丈夫相反，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他幾乎從來沒有把浪漫的時刻帶入到生活中。這讓簡厭倦婚姻生活。分析句子可知，此處用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代上文提到的事情，做主語，用關(guān)系代詞which，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“為什么？”，他震驚問到。A.complaint埋怨；B.shock震驚；C.doubt懷疑；D.annoyance苦惱。簡說到離婚，丈夫問為什么，所以應(yīng)是很震驚，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：簡回答，“我累了，界上并不是全部事情都有緣由的。”A.result結(jié)果；B.explanation說明；C.cause理由；D.reason緣由。cause:指干脆導(dǎo)致事情發(fā)生的緣由，與所發(fā)生的事有因果關(guān)系。reason:強(qiáng)調(diào)指從邏輯推理上得出的結(jié)論性緣由，不是干脆說明起因。上文丈夫問為什么，下文我說世界上并不是全部事情都有緣由的，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：陷入深思，他的丈夫坐在那里，緘默著，手里拿著一支點(diǎn)燃的香煙。A.anxious焦慮的；B.panicked驚惶的；C.silent緘默的；D.calm鎮(zhèn)靜的。上文講到丈夫陷入深思，故應(yīng)是保持緘默，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他問：“我能做什么變更你的辦法嗎?”A.attitude看法；B.feeling情感；C.situation情形；D.mind辦法。依據(jù)上文可知妻子要與丈夫離婚，丈夫詢問怎樣才能變更妻子的辦法。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：假如我想要一束長在懸崖上的花，但是摘這朵花將會讓你失去生命，你將會為我做這件事嗎？A.life生命；B.injury受傷；C.happiness華蜜；歡樂；D.trouble麻煩。依據(jù)上文ifIwantafloweronamountaincliff可知，摘那朵花可能會造成死亡。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：其次天早上醒來，簡發(fā)覺一張紙放在餐桌上，上面寫著：敬愛的，我不會摘那朵花給你，請你聽我說明。A.indicated預(yù)示；B.wrote寫；C.read寫著；D.expressed表示。下文內(nèi)容是紙上寫的內(nèi)容。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其次天早上醒來，簡發(fā)覺一張紙放在餐桌上，上面寫著：敬愛的，我不會摘那朵花給你，請你聽我說明。A.explanation說明；B.version版本；C.distinction區(qū)分；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)。上文講到丈夫在信中說不會為妻子去摘那朵花，但請聽說明。由下文信的內(nèi)容可知，丈夫是在說明。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管它增加了她的悲觀，簡接著讀：我將挽救我的腿，你忘帶房子鑰匙時，跑回家給你開門A.occupied占有；B.ignored忽視；C.reduced削減；D.increased增加。依據(jù)上文可知，丈夫不會摘那朵花給妻子，還要聽聽丈夫的說明，所以應(yīng)是妻子的悲觀感加了，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：你一遺忘帶鑰匙，我就要利用我的雙腿，跑回家給你開門。A.off離開；B.out在外；C.away離開；D.behind在后面。leavesth.behind“忘帶”，依據(jù)下文為你開門，所以應(yīng)是遺忘了鑰匙。故選D。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.court法庭；B.door門；C.box盒子；D.window窗子。妻子忘帶鑰匙，所以丈夫急匆忙地回家為妻子開門，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你總是喜愛呆在家里，我擔(dān)憂你將會覺得太孤獨(dú)，因此我必需留著我的嘴給你講故事和笑話。A.worry擔(dān)憂；B.doubt懷疑；C.believe信任；D.think認(rèn)為。依據(jù)上文Youalwaysliketostayindoors丈夫擔(dān)憂妻子會孤寂，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你總是長時間盯著電腦，這對你的眼睛沒有好處。A.glance一瞥；B.stare盯著；C.glare怒視；D.urge督促。依據(jù)Youalways可知，妻子總是盯著電腦看。stareat固定短語，“盯著”，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.impression印象；B.hurt難受；C.harm危害；D.ruin破壞。依據(jù)常識可知，，總盯著電腦看，對眼睛沒有一點(diǎn)好處。doharmto“對……有害”。故選C。【36題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此我必需留著我的眼睛以便于當(dāng)我們老了，我可以為你修剪指甲。A.weak虛弱的；B.ill生病的；C.old老的，舊的；D.close靠近的，密切的。丈夫要愛護(hù)好眼睛，以至于他們變老后，他能為妻子修剪指甲。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：因此，敬愛的，除非我確信有人比我更愛你，否則，我不會冒死去摘花。A.morethan多于；B.ratherthan而不是；C.otherthan除了；D.lessthan少于。依據(jù)下文Icouldnotpickthatfloweryet,anddie.可知，丈夫說除非妻子找到比自己更愛她的人，否則他不會去冒死去摘花。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：簡的眼淚掉在信上。A.photos照片；B.flowers花；C.floor地板；D.letter信件、字母。依據(jù)上文可知，這是丈夫?qū)懡o妻子的信，所以眼淚掉在了信上。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)讀完了我的答案，假如你是滿足的，請打開前門，因?yàn)槲艺驹谕饷娼o你帶來你最喜愛的面包和簇新牛奶。A.determined意志堅決的；B.hungry饑餓的；C.satisfied滿足的；D.convenient便利的。依據(jù)下文pleaseopenthefrontdoor可知，丈夫說，假如我感到滿足，心情好了，請為他打開前門。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：愛，無需言語，已勝千辯。A.Consideration考慮；B.Love愛；C.Attachment附件；D.Concern關(guān)注。本句是對上文的總結(jié)，上文表達(dá)了丈夫?qū)ζ拮拥膼?，所以文章講解并描述了真正的愛無需言語，已勝千辯，故選B。其次節(jié)短文填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ColdFoodFestivalisa____41____(tradition)ChineseholidaycelebratedbeforeQingmingFestival,whichusuallyfallso