九年級(jí)上Unit3語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)歸納

1、九年級(jí)上Unit3語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)歸納1.語(yǔ)態(tài)：英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和補(bǔ)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者Cats eat fish. （主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）貓吃魚(yú)。 Fish  is eaten  by cats.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))魚(yú)被貓吃。 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成由“助動(dòng)詞be 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞be 有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be 作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在  時(shí)am are +過(guò)去分詞is English is spoken in many countries.一般過(guò)去  時(shí)was +過(guò)去分詞we

2、re + 過(guò)去分詞This bridge was built in 1989.情 態(tài)動(dòng) 詞can/shouldmay  +be+過(guò)去分詞must/The work must be done right now.   被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法當(dāng)我們不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。be allowed to do sth. 被允許

3、做某事（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞讓/使（別人）做某事 get sth. done(過(guò)去分詞)  have sth. done        如：I get my car made. = I have my car made. 我讓別人修好我的車(chē)4. enough 足夠形容詞enough  如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮  enough名詞如：enou

4、gh food 足夠食物  enough  to 足夠去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢(qián)去北京。    She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書(shū)了。 5.  stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.請(qǐng)停止說(shuō)話。stop to do sth. 停止下來(lái)去做某事Please stop to speak.       

5、                           請(qǐng)停下來(lái)說(shuō)話。6. 看起來(lái)好像sb. seem to do sth. it seems that +從句He seems to feel very sad. It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來(lái)好像很傷心。7. 系動(dòng)詞不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，要和

6、表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。常用的連系動(dòng)詞有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。連系動(dòng)詞除be 和become 等少數(shù)詞可接名詞作表語(yǔ)外，一般都是接形容詞。如：They are very happy.    He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.8. 倒裝句: 由so助動(dòng)詞(be/do/will/have)/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)意為：也是一樣She is a student. So am I.她是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。&#

7、160;She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school. So will he.她將去學(xué)校，他也是。9. yet 仍然，還常用在否定句或疑問(wèn)句當(dāng)中10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經(jīng)常熬夜到12點(diǎn)。11. clean up 打掃整理如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經(jīng)打掃完

8、了臥室。12. 程度副詞：always總是 usually經(jīng)常 sometimes有時(shí) never從不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.我總是/經(jīng)常/有時(shí)/從不上學(xué)遲到。13. 曾經(jīng)做某事：14. Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I dont.  Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I havent.14. go shopping(去購(gòu)物), go fishing(去釣魚(yú))

9、, go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船), go hiking(去登山<> 新目標(biāo)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)第三單元語(yǔ)法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)  1. “語(yǔ)態(tài)”表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)中有“兩態(tài)”的說(shuō)法，即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，本單元中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的should be allowed 就是一個(gè)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（should）的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。先看幾個(gè)基本概念主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)    主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)    只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。  2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 The office is c

10、leaned every day .     The office was cleaned yesterday.     Compare active（主動(dòng)） and passive（被動(dòng)）：    動(dòng)作的接受者the office成了句子的主語(yǔ)，就應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。從上面的例句我們可以總結(jié)：    一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為：主am / is / are （not）過(guò)去分詞    一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為：主was / were 過(guò)去分詞 &

11、#160;  如：Butter is made from milk.     This house was built 100 years ago.     以前我們學(xué)過(guò)的was / were born 生于，就是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)    born是個(gè)過(guò)去分詞（bear）    When were you born ? I was born in 1989.     如果要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或行為的執(zhí)行者，句子后面需接by ，譯為“被（由）”

12、60;   如：We were woken up by a loud noise .    我們被嘈雜的聲音吵醒。    從上面例子，我們可以看出，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成為    主語(yǔ)is / am / are + being 過(guò)去分詞    再如：    My car is being repaired now.     Some new houses are being built near

13、 the park.     公園附近在建一些房子。    從上面例子，我們可以看出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成為    主語(yǔ)have / has been 過(guò)去分詞 如：    My key has been stolen.     My keys have been stolen.     I am not going to the party , I havent been invited.   

14、;  含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)    情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過(guò)去分詞    A note had better be left to him.     Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes   各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式 (1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： am, is, are + 過(guò)去分詞 (2) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)： was, were +過(guò)去分詞 (3) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： can/could/may/must/should be + 過(guò)

15、去分詞*(4) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)： will be/be going to be + 過(guò)去分詞*(5) 進(jìn)行時(shí)： am, is, are, was, were being + 過(guò)去分詞 *(6) 完成時(shí)： have/has been + 過(guò)去分詞    被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)是由be的時(shí)態(tài)決定的，be是什么時(shí)態(tài)，全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞后面的過(guò)去分詞不變。歸納：    肯定句：主語(yǔ)be + 過(guò)去分詞（by ）    否定句：主語(yǔ)be not 過(guò)去分詞（by ）    一般疑問(wèn)句：Be 主

16、語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞（by ）?     特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞be主語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞（by ）  3. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：    （1）不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)，不用by動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者短語(yǔ)    Such books are written for children.     這些書(shū)是為兒童寫(xiě)的。    I havent been told about it .     沒(méi)有人告訴我這件事  

17、60; （2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，這時(shí)應(yīng)用by短語(yǔ)。    The cup was broken by David.     （3）作客觀說(shuō)明時(shí)，常采用一種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型    Its / was said / believed / reported / + that     Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.     據(jù)報(bào)道，這次地

18、震中大約有三百人死亡。  4. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)    把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法是：    （1）把原句中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)    （2）動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)形式，即be+過(guò)去分詞    （3）原來(lái)的主語(yǔ)，如果需要的話，放在by后面，如果沒(méi)必要，可省略。    注意事項(xiàng)：    主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意事項(xiàng)    從主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)程中主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、賓語(yǔ)都發(fā)生變化。

19、    注意主格與賓格的變化形式。    注意主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)及數(shù)的變化對(duì)be動(dòng)詞帶來(lái)的影響。注意be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式取決于原主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)形式。一、用read的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)填空。1. A book _ by Tom every week 2 . A book _ by Tom last week.3. A book _ by Tom next week.4. A book _ by Tom for a week.5. A book _ by Tom while we were visiting him.6. A book might _ b

20、y Tom.二、單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1. Our TV set _ yesterday. A. is repaired B. was repaired C. has been repaired D. repaired( )2. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow. A. has been given B. is given C. is being given D. will be given( )3. Mr Li , you _ on the phone. A. are wanted B. were wanted C. are being w

21、anted D. will be wanted( )4. This maths problem _ out by little Tom. A. can be easily work B. can easily be worked C. can is easily worked D. can easily worked( )5. The monkeys _ to the zoo tomorrow morning. A. may be send B. may will sent C. may be sent D. is going to send( )6. The baby _ when Moth

22、er was out.A. looked after well B. was looked well C. is well looked after D. was well looked after( )7. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _ in our city.A. are put up B. have put up C. have been put D. have been put up( )8. People have come to know that their health must _.A. pay more att

23、ention B. pay more attention to C. be paid more attention D. be paid more attention to( )9. The children _ a beautiful picture by the teacher in the classroom. A. were shown B. were shown to C. was shown D. was shown to( )10. A beautiful picture _ the children in the classroom. A. were shown B. were

24、 shown to C. was shown D. was shown to( )11. Mr Brown _ take the medicine twice a day. A. told to B. was told to C. told D. was told ( )12. The boys _ copy the new words ten times before they went home. A. were made B. were made to C. was made D. was made to( )13. Mary _ do morning exercises on the

25、playground. A. saw to B. was saw to C. was seen to D. was seen( )14. A man _ cry for help last night. A. was heard to B. was heard C. was hear to D. heard to( )15. Tom _ watch TV after he finishes his homeworkA. will let to B. will be allowed C. will be let D. will be allowed to.( )16. Great changes _ in the village since then.A . have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place( )17. In the last few years Beijing _ greatly. A. has changed B. has been changed C. changed D. was changed( )18. He _ much better today. A. is felt B. felt C. is being felt D. feels( )19