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2023年下半年教師資格證《初中英語》真題及答案[單選題]1.WhichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribestheEnglishphoneme[e]?A.Av(江南博哥)oiceddentalplosiveB.AvoicedalveolarplosiveC.AvoiceddentalfricativeD.Avoicedalveolarfricative正確答案:C參考解析:本題考查輔音的分類。題干意為:下列哪個選項(xiàng)正確地描述了英語音素[e]?結(jié)合輔音的分類知識,可知[e]為濁輔音(voiced),齒間音(dental)和摩擦音(fricative),C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Avoiceddentalplosive意為“一個濁輔音、齒間爆破音”。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):Avoicedalveolarplosive意為“一個濁輔音、齒齦爆破音”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Avoicedalveolarfricative意為“一個濁輔音、齒齦摩擦音”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]2.Whichoftheunderlinedpartsisdifferentfromtherestinpronunciation?A.heightB.neighbourC.eightD.weigh正確答案:A參考解析:本題考查元音字母組合的發(fā)音規(guī)律。題干意為:下面劃線部分的發(fā)音與其他部分不同的是哪個?結(jié)合發(fā)音規(guī)律,可知A項(xiàng)height中的ei字母組合發(fā)/a?/,而其他選項(xiàng)均發(fā)/e?/,A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng):neighbour/?ne?b?(r)/,字母組合ei發(fā)/e?/。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):eight/e?t/,字母組合ei發(fā)/e?/。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):weigh/we?/,字母組合ei發(fā)/e?/。與題干不符,排除。本題為選非題,故正確答案為A。[單選題]3.Theword“frenemy”isformedby______.A.affixingB.clippingC.compoundingD.blending正確答案:D參考解析:本題考查構(gòu)詞法。題干意為:單詞frenemy這個詞由什么構(gòu)成?該單詞意為“友敵、亦敵亦友”,是由單詞friend(朋友)和enemy(敵人)各取一部分構(gòu)成,這種構(gòu)詞法稱之為混成法(blending),指兩個單詞要通過連接第一個單詞的開頭部分和第二個單詞的最后部分或連接兩個單詞的開頭部分混成一個新的單詞。如smoke+fog→smog(煙霧),D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):affixing意為“粘貼;使……附于”,不屬于構(gòu)詞法。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):clipping意為“截短法”,指將一個較長的單詞截短用以構(gòu)成新詞的方法。截取原詞的某一部分而將剩余的部分作為新詞來使用。主要有截頭、去尾、截頭去尾等形式。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):compounding意為“復(fù)合法”,指那些由兩個或兩個以上的詞素構(gòu)成的詞,或由兩個單獨(dú)的詞連接起來構(gòu)成一個新的形式的構(gòu)詞方法。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]4.Teachersshouldgivesome______tohowtheycanbestcopewiththementalandintellectualchallengesthatstudentsmayfaceinanewenvironment.A.opinionsB.thoughtsC.ideasD.advice正確答案:B參考解析:本題考查名詞短語辨析。題干意為:教師應(yīng)該考慮如何才能最好地應(yīng)對學(xué)生在新環(huán)境中可能面臨的心理和智力挑戰(zhàn)。結(jié)合語境,教師應(yīng)該考慮如何應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),考查固定搭配“givesomethoughtstosth”意為“認(rèn)真考慮某事”,B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):opinions意為“意見、評價”,givesomeopinionsaboutsth.意為“對……發(fā)表意見”,后接介詞為about。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):ideas意為“想法、看法”,givesomeideasaboutsth./givesomeideastodosth.”意為“對……提出想法”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):advice意為“忠告、建議”,givesbsomeadviceonsth.意為“針對某事給某人提意見”,后接介詞為on。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]5.One-fourthofthecommitteewhoopposedtotheteachingreformweretoldthatsincetheteachingreformhadalreadystarted,therewasnopointin______.A.competingB.stoppingC.protestingD.denying正確答案:C參考解析:本題考查動詞詞義辨析。題干意為:四分之一反對教學(xué)改革的委員會成員被告知,由于教學(xué)改革已經(jīng)開始,抗議是沒有意義的。Thereis/wasnopointindoingsth.意為“做某事沒有意義”。結(jié)合句意,教育改革已經(jīng)開始,木已成舟,即使持反對意見,進(jìn)行抗?fàn)帯⒖棺h也沒有意義,protesting意為“抗?fàn)?、抗議”,C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):competing意為“競爭、比賽”。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):stopping意為“停止、結(jié)束”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):denying意為“否認(rèn)、拒絕承認(rèn)”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]6.I’dliketoplaychesswithCliffbetterthan______.A.withPerryB.thatwithPerryC.playingwithPerryD.playchesswithPerry正確答案:A參考解析:本題考查狀語從句的省略。題干意為:我更愿意和克里夫下棋,而不是和佩里下棋。本題中than后方引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句,該句子完整形式應(yīng)為:“I’dliketoplaychesswithCliffbetterthan(I’dliketoplaychess)withPerry.”,than后方省略重復(fù)部分I’dliketoplaychess,只保留不同比較對象,同時被比較的部分應(yīng)為“并列的成分或結(jié)構(gòu)”,必須是對等關(guān)系,所以需要保留介詞with,A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng):thatwithPerry中“that”多余,該句子完整形式應(yīng)為:I’dliketoplaychesswithCliffbetterthan(I’dliketoplaychess)withPerry,無that。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):playingwithPerry為doing形式,固定搭配為wouldliketodosthbetterthandosth。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):playchesswithPerry中應(yīng)省略重復(fù)部分,只保留不同比較對象,同時被比較的部分應(yīng)為“并列的成分或結(jié)構(gòu)”,必須是對等關(guān)系,所以需要保留介詞with。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]7.Totheirgrief,theyhavedonethingstheyoughtnottohavedoneand______undonewhattheyoughtto.A.leaveB.leftC.leavingD.willleave正確答案:B參考解析:本題考查動詞時態(tài)。題干意為:令他們悲傷的是,他們做了不該做的事,卻沒有做該做的事情。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子主干是個由and連接的并列句,即“theyhavedonethingstheyoughtnottohavedone”和“l(fā)eftundonethingsweoughttohavedone”,havedone和haveleft是并列謂語,將相同的have省略,B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):leave動詞原形形式。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):leaving非謂語動詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):willleave一般將來時。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]8.Longafterthelight______,shestillcouldn’tgotosleep.A.goesoutB.wasoutC.hasgoneoutD.hadgoneout正確答案:D參考解析:本題考查動詞時態(tài)。題干意為:熄燈很久以后,她仍然睡不著。longafter可作連詞使用,連接兩個從句,表示第一個事件發(fā)生之后很久,第二個事件才發(fā)生。根據(jù)后半句“shestillcouldn’tgotosleep.”可知“熄燈”的動作發(fā)生在“入睡”之前,表示“過去的過去”,應(yīng)用過去完成時,haddone的形式符合,D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):goesout一般現(xiàn)在時。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):wasout一般過去時。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):hasgoneout現(xiàn)在完成時。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]9.Whichofthefollowingsuggestsanillocutionaryactbythespeakerwhenhesays“Istheresaltinthejaratthedinnertable?”A.Tosendsomebodytobuysomesalt.B.Toasksomebodywherehecangetsomesalt.C.Toasksomebodytohandthesaltovertohim.D.Todoublecheckwhetherthereisanysaltleft.正確答案:C參考解析:本題考查言外行為。題干意為:當(dāng)說話者說“餐桌上的罐子里有鹽嗎?”時,下列哪個選項(xiàng)暗示了說話者的一種言外行為?言外行為涉及說話者的意圖,是指在特定的語境中賦予有意義的話語一種“言語行為力量”,即語力。比如,通過說話來做出聲明或是承諾、要求等,或使用句子起到命令、請求等作用。題干中“餐桌上的罐子里有鹽嗎?”,意圖是想讓人把鹽遞給他。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Tosendsomebodytobuysomesalt意為“派人去買鹽”。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):Toasksomebodywherehecangetsomesalt意為“問別人哪里能買到鹽”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Todoublecheckwhetherthereisanysaltleft意為“再檢查一下是否還有鹽”,與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]10.SomelearnersofEnglishinSouthChinatendtopronounce“night”as“l(fā)ight”,thisisanexampleof______.A.over-generalizationB.cross-associationC.interlingualinterferenceD.intralingualinterference正確答案:C參考解析:本題考查語際錯誤。題干意為:一些中國南方的英語學(xué)習(xí)者傾向于把“night”讀成“l(fā)ight”,這是一個什么例子?南方人在講話過程中會出現(xiàn)“l(fā)”“n”分不清的狀況,那么在英語中也相應(yīng)會出現(xiàn)字母“l(fā)”“n”不分的狀況,此種錯誤叫做語際錯誤(遷移錯誤)主要是由學(xué)習(xí)者的本族語導(dǎo)致的錯誤。它是由不同層面的跨語言干擾造成的,如音位層、詞匯層、語法層或話語層等。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):over-generalization意為“過度概括”,過度概括涉及將先前學(xué)習(xí)的可用策略應(yīng)用到新環(huán)境中。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):cross-association意為“聯(lián)想混淆”,聯(lián)想混淆是指兩個聯(lián)系緊密的相似的詞語會造成混淆。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):intralingualinterference意為“語內(nèi)干擾”,由語內(nèi)干擾造成的錯誤為語內(nèi)錯誤(發(fā)展性錯誤),主要是由對目的語的錯誤或不完全的學(xué)習(xí)造成的,它與本族語無關(guān),如過度概括(Over-generalization)和聯(lián)想混淆(Cross-association)。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]11.Whatstrategydoestheteacherwantthestudentstodevelopifhe/sheencouragesthemtousemimeorgesturestomakethemselvesunderstood?A.CognitivestrategyB.CommunicativestrategyC.AffectivestrategyD.Meta-cognitivestrategy正確答案:B參考解析:本題考查課程內(nèi)容中的學(xué)習(xí)策略。題干意為:如果老師鼓勵學(xué)生使用啞劇表演或手勢來表達(dá)自己的意思,他/她希望學(xué)生采取什么策略?文中提到“學(xué)生使用啞劇或手勢來表達(dá)自己的意思”,體現(xiàn)了學(xué)生為了爭取更多的交際機(jī)會、維持交際以及提高交際效果而采取的策略,叫做交際策略,B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Cognitivestrategy意為“認(rèn)知策略”,指學(xué)生為了完成具體語言學(xué)習(xí)活動而采取的步驟和方法。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Affectivestrategy意為“情感策略”,指學(xué)生為了調(diào)控學(xué)習(xí)情緒、保持積極的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度而采取的策略。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Meta-cognitivestrategy意為“元認(rèn)知策略”,指學(xué)生為了提高英語學(xué)習(xí)效率,計(jì)劃、監(jiān)控、評價、反思和調(diào)整學(xué)習(xí)過程或?qū)W習(xí)結(jié)果的策略。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]12.Deducingthemeaningofawordfromcontextisoneofthesub-skillsof______.A.listeningandspeakingB.listeningandreadingC.speakingandwritingD.readingandwriting正確答案:B參考解析:本題考查聽力/閱讀基本技能。題干意為:從上下文中推斷單詞的意思是______的子技能之一。在聽對話或讀文章時,常常會遇到一些未見過的生詞,這類生詞或短語的詞義可以通過上下文推斷出來。該技能常出現(xiàn)在聽力或閱讀課上,通過此技能可以掃清閱讀材料或聽力材料中的語言障礙。B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):listeningandspeaking意為“聽力和口語”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):speakingandwriting意為“口語和寫作”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):readingandwriting意為“閱讀和寫作”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]13.Whichofthefollowingisacontrolledpracticeindevelopingstudents’languagecompetence?A.DictationB.DiscussionC.DebatingD.Writinganemail正確答案:A參考解析:本題考查教學(xué)活動。題干意為:以下哪一項(xiàng)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生語言能力的控制性練習(xí)?控制性練習(xí)也稱機(jī)械性活動(ControlledorMechanicalActivities),包含結(jié)構(gòu)化活動和交際活動,其中結(jié)構(gòu)化活動包含閱讀、背誦、模仿、重復(fù)等。交際活動包含結(jié)構(gòu)性對話、分角色朗讀、復(fù)述等。Dictation意為“口述、聽寫”,屬于控制性活動,A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng):Discussion意為“討論”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Debating意為“辯論”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Writinganemail意為“寫郵件”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]14.Whatroledoesateacherplaywhentakingpartinstudents’groupwork?A.AmonitorB.AninstructorC.AnevaluatorD.Aparticipant正確答案:D參考解析:本題考查教師的角色與作用。題干意為:當(dāng)教師參與到學(xué)生的小組活動中時,扮演了什么角色?當(dāng)教師參與進(jìn)學(xué)生的討論時,教師和學(xué)生一起交流,共同完成小組任務(wù),體現(xiàn)了參與者的角色。D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Amonitor意為“監(jiān)察者”,指在學(xué)生活動時,教師走下講臺進(jìn)行巡視,監(jiān)控學(xué)生的活動的方向是否正確,是否討論本節(jié)課主題。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):Aninstructor意為“指導(dǎo)者”。一是指導(dǎo)學(xué)生有效地進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)、獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)。要使學(xué)生明確學(xué)習(xí)目的,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,教給學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)策略和方法,提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。二是承認(rèn)并尊重學(xué)生間的不同,給予學(xué)生平等的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會,指導(dǎo)不同主體從多方面評價學(xué)生的發(fā)展。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Anevaluator意為“評價者”。教師作為評價者主要有兩方面的含義:糾正錯誤和組織反饋。糾正錯誤的方式應(yīng)該是溫和的,避免傷害到學(xué)生的自尊心。組織反饋是指教師在學(xué)生完成任務(wù)后,要及時總結(jié)并給予反饋,并有針對性地提出一些建設(shè)性的建議。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]15.Whatdoesateacherintendtodowhenaskingstudentstoputjumbledparagraphsintoameaningfulpassage?A.Toenhancestudents’abilitytoguesswordmeaningincontext.B.Todevelopstudents’awarenessofreadingforthemainidea.C.Toenhancestudents’abilitytoreadforspecificinformation.D.Todevelopstudents’awarenessofcohesionandcoherence.正確答案:D參考解析:本題考查語篇教學(xué)的概念。題干意為:當(dāng)老師要求學(xué)生把雜亂的段落編成一篇有意義的文章時,老師想要做什么?將亂序的段落整理成一篇文章,是在鍛煉學(xué)生的語篇能力,語篇由一個以上的句子或段落組成,各句子或段落之間在形式上是銜接的,語義上是連貫的。D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Toenhancestudents’abilitytoguesswordmeaningincontext.意為“提高學(xué)生在語境中猜測詞義的能力”。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):Todevelopstudents’awarenessofreadingforthemainidea.意為“培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀文章主旨的意識”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Toenhancestudents’abilitytoreadforspecificinformation.意為“提高學(xué)生閱讀特定信息的能力”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為D。[單選題]16.Whichofthefollowingisthefirststepaccordingtothecommunicativeapproachofgrammarteaching?A.Consolidatingstudents’useofgrammarrules.B.Exposingstudentstonewgrammaticalitemsinuse.C.Providingstudentswithchanceofusinggrammarrules.D.Gettingstudentstomemorizetheformofgrammarrules.正確答案:B參考解析:本題考查練習(xí)方法。題干意為:根據(jù)語法教學(xué)中的交際性練習(xí),下列哪一項(xiàng)是第一步?在交際教學(xué)法提倡語言的恰當(dāng)使用,認(rèn)為語言的學(xué)習(xí)要放在具體的、有意義的交際環(huán)境中。利用交際教學(xué)法提倡的理念進(jìn)行語法教學(xué),首先需要讓學(xué)生在真實(shí)或模擬的語境中接觸到新的語法結(jié)構(gòu),從而引發(fā)他們的興趣和需要。Exposingstudentstonewgrammaticalitemsinuse.意為“讓學(xué)生接觸使用中的新語法項(xiàng)目?!盉項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Consolidatingstudents’useofgrammarrules.意為“鞏固學(xué)生對語法規(guī)則的使用”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Providingstudentswithchancesofusinggrammarrules.意為“為學(xué)生提供使用語法規(guī)則的機(jī)會”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Gettingstudentstomemorizetheformofgrammarrules.意為“讓學(xué)生記住語法規(guī)則的形式”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為B。[單選題]17.Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanbeusedtoengagestudentsincommunicationatthepost-readingstage?A.Recitingthetext.B.Readingthetextaloud.C.Exchangingpersonalviewsonthetext.D.Fillingintheblanksofthetextsummary.正確答案:C參考解析:本題考查教學(xué)活動。題干意為:在讀后階段,以下哪些活動可以讓學(xué)生參與到交流中來?在閱讀教學(xué)中,讀后環(huán)節(jié)主要考查學(xué)生對本節(jié)課知識的掌握程度,以及對目標(biāo)語言的運(yùn)用和表達(dá)能力,鼓勵學(xué)生將所閱讀的內(nèi)容與自己的經(jīng)歷、知識、興趣和觀點(diǎn)聯(lián)系。通??梢赃M(jìn)行小組討論、辯論,模擬寫作等練習(xí)。C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Recitingthetext.意為“背誦課文”。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):Readingthetextaloud.意為“朗讀課文”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Fillingintheblanksofthetextsummary.意為“對課文概要進(jìn)行填空”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為C。[單選題]18.Whattechniquewashe/sheusingifateacherkeptsaying“Yes,anythingelse”?toastudentwhowassharingideasaboutEnglishlearning?A.ElicitationB.ExplanationC.ParaphrasingD.Exemplification正確答案:A參考解析:本題考查課堂反饋。題干意為:如果老師一直對一名正在分享英語學(xué)習(xí)心得的學(xué)生說“是的,還有什么”,他/她會使用什么技巧?教師在學(xué)生分享的過程中,不斷用語言進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)和啟發(fā),調(diào)動學(xué)生的思維,讓學(xué)生自己去領(lǐng)悟,調(diào)動學(xué)生表達(dá)積極性,促進(jìn)身心發(fā)展。A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng):Explanation意為“解釋、說明”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Paraphrasing意為“釋義、改寫”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Exemplification意為“范例、模范”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為A。[單選題]19.WhichofthefollowingisleastappropriateinteachingEnglishpronunciationtobeginners?A.Askingstudentstodiscriminatesignificantsoundfeatures.B.Askingstudentstoreadwordsaloudwithcorrectpronunciation.C.Requiringstudentstoproduceintelligibleandacceptablesounds.D.Teachingstudentsthetechnicaltermsofphoneticsandphonology.正確答案:D參考解析:本題考查教學(xué)內(nèi)容。題干意為:以下哪一項(xiàng)最不適合教初學(xué)者英語發(fā)音?基礎(chǔ)教育階段的語音教學(xué)主要目標(biāo)為培養(yǎng)學(xué)生聽音、辨音,以及準(zhǔn)確發(fā)音的能力,從而形成正確的發(fā)音習(xí)慣。但對于初學(xué)者來講,不要求在學(xué)習(xí)初期去掌握語音方面的專業(yè)術(shù)語。D項(xiàng)與題干相符,當(dāng)選。A項(xiàng):Askingstudentstodiscriminatesignificantsoundfeatures.意為“要求學(xué)生辨別重要的聲音特征”。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):Askingstudentstoreadwordsaloudwithcorrectpronunciation.意為“要求學(xué)生用正確的發(fā)音大聲朗讀單詞”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Requiringstudentstoproduceintelligibleandacceptablesounds.意為“要求學(xué)生發(fā)出可理解和可接受的聲音”。與題干不符,排除。本題為選非題,故正確答案為D。[單選題]20.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesmainlyfocusonmeaninganduse?A.StudentstalkaboutwhattheydidlastSunday.B.Studentswritedowntherulesofsimplepasttense.C.Studentsmakeallthesentenceswithsimplepasttense.D.Studentscorrectthespellingmistakeintheirhomework.正確答案:A參考解析:本題考查教學(xué)內(nèi)容。題干意為:以下哪項(xiàng)活動主要關(guān)注意義和用法?語法教學(xué)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容主要有三方面:①語言形式/結(jié)構(gòu)(Languageform/structure)包括詞法(morphology)、句法(syntax)等。②語義(Languagemeaning)指語法形式和結(jié)構(gòu)的意義。③語用(Languageuse)指語言在語境或語篇中的功用。如若關(guān)注語法的意義和用法,需要學(xué)生在適當(dāng)?shù)那榫持凶杂墒褂盟鶎W(xué)的語法項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行交流的活動。它強(qiáng)調(diào)以交際為目的的意義輸出或理解。常見練習(xí)形式:講故事、情景對話、小組討論、角色扮演等。A項(xiàng)意為“學(xué)生談?wù)撍麄兩蟼€星期天做了什么”,符合題意,當(dāng)選。B項(xiàng):Studentswritedowntherulesofsimplepasttense.意為“學(xué)生寫下一般過去時的規(guī)則?!迸c題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Studentsmakeallthesentenceswithsimplepasttense.意為“學(xué)生用一般過去時造句。”與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Studentscorrectthespellingmistakeintheirhomework.意為“學(xué)生們糾正家庭作業(yè)中的拼寫錯誤?!迸c題干不符,排除。故正確答案為A。[問答題]1.簡述結(jié)對活動(pairwork)的兩個主要作用(8分),并簡述課堂上教師運(yùn)用結(jié)對活動應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)(12分)。正確答案:詳見解析參考解析:(1)結(jié)對活動的作用:首先,它能夠充分尊重學(xué)生的主體性,將教學(xué)重心轉(zhuǎn)移到學(xué)生身上。在這種模式下,學(xué)生被鼓勵充分參與課堂,進(jìn)行師生互動和生生互動,這有助于推進(jìn)學(xué)生進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)的最佳狀態(tài)。例如,教師可能會給定話題讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行討論,如校園生活、個人感想等貼近日常生活的內(nèi)容,這能提高學(xué)生的課堂參與度。其次,結(jié)對活動通過學(xué)生之間的相互配合和合作,擴(kuò)寬了他們的知識面。在活動中,學(xué)生不斷交換各自的思考、經(jīng)驗(yàn)和知識,這不僅豐富了課堂的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容,還開闊了他們的視野和思維。(2)注意事項(xiàng):①明確活動目標(biāo)在開始結(jié)對活動前,教師應(yīng)明確活動目標(biāo),確保學(xué)生了解此次活動的目的和意義。目標(biāo)可以是掌握新知識、提高團(tuán)隊(duì)合作能力、解決實(shí)際問題等。只有目標(biāo)明確,才能確保學(xué)生在活動中有所收獲。②合理分組合理分組是成功開展結(jié)對活動的重要環(huán)節(jié)。教師需要根據(jù)學(xué)生的性格、性別、能力等因素進(jìn)行合理搭配,確保每個小組的實(shí)力和水平相對平均。這有助于學(xué)生在活動中相互促進(jìn)、共同提高。③確保公平公正在結(jié)對活動中,教師需要確保公平公正。對于不同的問題,要盡量讓多個小組或個人同時參與,并對每個小組或個人的回答給予評價和反饋。這可以幫助學(xué)生了解自己的表現(xiàn)和不足,以便在后續(xù)活動中加以改進(jìn)。④實(shí)時監(jiān)控進(jìn)展在結(jié)對活動過程中,教師需要實(shí)時監(jiān)控學(xué)生的進(jìn)展,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時解決。例如,糾正學(xué)生錯誤的解題方法、指出團(tuán)隊(duì)合作中的不公平現(xiàn)象等。這有助于確?;顒禹樌M(jìn)行,并使學(xué)生更好地投入到活動中。⑤及時反饋與評價活動結(jié)束后,教師需要及時給予每個小組或成員及時、具體的反饋和評價。反饋應(yīng)包括學(xué)生在活動中的表現(xiàn)、存在的問題以及需要改進(jìn)的地方。評價則應(yīng)以肯定和鼓勵為主,表揚(yáng)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作好的小組,鼓勵遇到困難的學(xué)生及時求助。這有助于增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的自信心和積極性。⑥恰當(dāng)使用獎勵機(jī)制為了激勵學(xué)生積極參與結(jié)對活動,教師需要恰當(dāng)使用獎勵機(jī)制。對于表現(xiàn)好的小組或個人,可以給予一定的獎勵,如加分、小禮品等。這不僅可以增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的榮譽(yù)感和團(tuán)隊(duì)意識,還能提高他們參與活動的積極性和主動性。(答案僅供參考,任選3~4點(diǎn)即可)[問答題]2.下圖是某教師上完八年級一節(jié)英語課后留下的板書。觀察上面板書的內(nèi)容,回答下列題。根據(jù)以上材料回答問題:(1)該板書有哪兩個主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)?(10分)(2)該板書有哪兩個主要缺點(diǎn)?(10分)(3)該板書可以從哪兩個方面改進(jìn)?(10分)正確答案:詳見解析參考解析:(1)該板書的優(yōu)點(diǎn):①該老師將黑板進(jìn)行了分區(qū),左邊為本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)單詞及短語,右邊為本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)句型,使重難點(diǎn)一目了然。②該板書單詞部分將“表示某種職業(yè)的人”,以后綴作為區(qū)分來分別列舉,體現(xiàn)知識之間的聯(lián)系和對比關(guān)系,整體清楚分明,清晰、醒目。③該板書合理利用下劃線、圓圈等符號突出重點(diǎn),起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,有利于學(xué)生將教學(xué)重點(diǎn)記錄下來,鞏固練習(xí),從而加深對教學(xué)重點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)。(答案僅供參考,任選2點(diǎn)即可)(2)該板書的缺點(diǎn):①該板書標(biāo)題部分布局不合理。板書標(biāo)題應(yīng)盡量居中寫在一行。若標(biāo)題過長應(yīng)合理分行。該板書標(biāo)題僅將“science”一詞寫于第二行,這樣設(shè)計(jì)會導(dǎo)致板書整體位置錯亂、雜亂無章。②該板書重點(diǎn)句型的答句呈現(xiàn)不完整,一共四個問句,可只有第二個問句呈現(xiàn)了答句,不利于學(xué)生全面掌握知識點(diǎn)。③該板書存在知識性錯誤,第二個問句為特殊疑問句,可后邊添加了一個升調(diào)箭頭,不符合特殊疑問句的語調(diào)要求。④該板書缺乏藝術(shù)性。該板書內(nèi)容僅包括重點(diǎn)單詞和句型,略顯單調(diào),不夠生動、美觀、形象,不利于吸引學(xué)生的注意力。(答案僅供參考,任選2點(diǎn)即可)(3)需要改進(jìn)的方面:①板書標(biāo)題可居中寫在一行,若標(biāo)題過長應(yīng)提前設(shè)計(jì)布局,避免板書整體缺乏系統(tǒng)性。②將板書中問題的答句補(bǔ)充完整,這樣可以幫助學(xué)生全面掌握文章重難點(diǎn),將教學(xué)內(nèi)容與板書緊密結(jié)合起來。③改正板書中的知識性錯誤,將升調(diào)箭頭刪除或改為降調(diào),給學(xué)生強(qiáng)化正確的語音語調(diào)變化。②該板書可以采取圖文并茂的方式,可添加與教學(xué)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的簡筆畫,生動地展現(xiàn)本節(jié)課知識。(答案僅供參考,任選2點(diǎn)即可)[問答題]3.設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù):閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材,設(shè)計(jì)20分鐘的英語聽說教學(xué)方案,教案沒有固定格式,但需要包含下列要點(diǎn):①Teachingobjectives②Teachingcontents③Keyanddifficultpoints④Majorstepsandtimeallocation⑤Activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時間:20分鐘學(xué)生概況:某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)九年級(初中三級)學(xué)生,班級人數(shù)40,多數(shù)學(xué)生已達(dá)到義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相應(yīng)水平。學(xué)生積極參與積極性一般。語言素材:Clara:Guesswhat?I’mgoingtoChiangMaitwoweeks.Ben:Wow,soundslikefun!ButIbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyearthere.Clara:Yes,that’strue,butthereisawaterfestivaltherefromApril13thto15th.Ben:Iwonderifit’sthesameasthewaterFestivaloftheDaipeopleinYunnanProvince.Clara:Yes,Ithinkso.ThisisthetimeofThaiNewYear.Peoplegoonthestreetstothrowwaterateachother.Ben:Cool!Butwhydotheydothat?Clara:BecausetheNewYearisatimeforcleaningandwashingawaybadthings.Thenyou’llhavegoodluckinthenewyear.正確答案:詳見解析參考解析:1.TeachingcontentsThisisalisteningandspeakinglesson.IttalksaboutadialogueaboutClara’splanningatriptoChiangMaiandmentionedtheWaterFestival.2.Teachingobjectives①Studentscanunderstandthenewwordsandphrases,suchas“wonder,throw,washaway,havegoodluck”andsoon.②Throughlistening,studentswillunderstandthemainideaofthelisteningmaterialandbeabletousethetargetlanguagetotalkaboutdifferentfestivals.③Studentscanunderstandandrespectothercultures,whilestrengtheningtheidentityofourownculture.④Studentscansortoutandsummarizetheinformationinthematerial.⑤Studentswillbewillingtotakepartintheclassactivitiesandcooperatewithothergroupmembers.3.Keyanddifficultpoints①KeypointsHelpstudentsknowthemeaningandusageofthenewwordsandphrases.Letstudentsgetthecontentofthislessonthroughlistening.②DifficultpointsHowtoguidestudentstoutilizetheskillstoextractinformation.ToimprovetheconfidenceofspeakingEnglishandhelpstudentsrealizeculturaldiversity.4.MajorstepsStep1Pre-listening(6mins)①NewknowledgeteachingWiththehelpofsomepictures,theteacherwillguidestudentstounderstandthemeaningandusageofthenewwordsandphrases,including“wonder,throw,washaway,havegoodluck”andsoon.②PredictionBeforelistening,theteacherwillorganizestudentstomakeaprediction.Somehintswillbeprovidedtohelpthem.Hint1:Wordsandphrasesjustreferredto.Hint2:Somepicturesinwhichstudentscanseedifferentfestivals.(Justification:Theaboveactivitiescanhelpstudentsrecognizethenewwordsandphrases,removethebarriers,andlaythefoundationforthenextstepof“l(fā)istening”.)Step2While-listening(10mins)①ExtensivelisteningStudentswilllistentothepassageforthefirsttimetochecktheirpredictionsandconcludethemainideaofthepassage.②IntensivelisteningStudentsshouldlistentothepassageforthesecondtimeanddothefollowingtask:TrueorFalseBenisgoingtoChiangMaitwoweeks.(T/F)WaterfestivalthereisfromAugust13to15.(T/F)TheWaterFestivalinChiangMaiisthesameastheWaterFestivaloftheDaipeopleinYunnanProvince.(T/F)③ListeningandrepeatingStudentswilllistentothepassageforthethirdtimeandreadafterit.Theyshouldpayattentiontothepronunciationandintonation.(Justification:Intheprocessofcompletingthelisteningtasksatdifferentlevels,studentscannotonlyunderstandthecontentandcertaindetailsofthepassage,butalsoimprovetheirlisteningskills.)Step3Post-listening(4mins)GroupdiscussionStudentswillworkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestion:What’syourfavoritefestivalandwhatspecialcustomsdoyouknow?Severalminuteswillbegiven.Whentime’sup,severalstudentswillbeinvitedtosharetheiranswers.Thentheteacherwillcommentonstudents’performance.(Justification:Groupactivitieswillprovidestudentswiththeopportunitytoapplywhattheyhavelearnedtothesituation,improvetheircomprehensivelanguageskills,andboosttheirconfidenceinlearningEnglishandstrengthentheirsenseofteamwork.)共享題干題Passage1Theuglyword“staycation”wascoinedtodescribethetrendtowardspeoplestayingathomeduringtheirvacation-goingoutfordaytrips,perhaps,butusingtheirhomeastheirbase.Thereisasyetnowordtodescribethegrowingtrendforpeopletodoprettymuchthereverse:goingawayonholidaybutblendinginsomework—maybequitealotofit-intotheirholidaytime.Formany,indeedformanyawaythismonth,thefrontierbetweenworkandleisurehasbecomemuchmoreblurred.Eachblendsintotheother,andnotalwaystothebenefitofeither.Itisatrendweallrecognise,butwhyisithappening?Thereisoneobviousreasonandsomeotherratherless-obviousones.Theobviousoneistheubiquitousnatureofcommunications.Itisnotjustthateveryonecanbeintouchwiththeirworkjustaboutanywhere;itisalsothatformanypeoplethetoolstheyneedtodotheirwork-broadbandforastart-areavailabletoo.Finishingareportorpolishingadocumentcanbedoneanywhere.OntheInternetnooneneedstoknowwhereyouare.Butthereismoretothistransformationinbehaviour.Justasimportantarethechangingcompositionoftheworkforceandthechangingnatureofworkitself.Asfarastheworkforceisconcerned,thebiggestchangehasbeenthegrowthofself-employment,whichhasnearlydoubledintheUKoverthepast25years.ManagementwriterCharlesHandyidentifiedthegrowingdivisionbetweencoreworkersandportfolioworkersbackin1990inhisbookTheAgeofUnreason.Peoplewouldlearntheircraftandmaketheircontactsworkingfull-timeinwhateverfieldtheyhadspecialisedinascoreworkers,thenlaterontheywouldgoportfolio,self-employedandworkingforclients.Thecombinationofthegrowthofself-employmentandportfolioworkingchangethenatureofholidays.Obviously,ifyouworkforyourselfyoumakeyourowndecisionsaboutsuchthingsasholidaysandretirement.Youhavethefreedomtogooffwhenyouwantbutalsotheresponsibilitytokeepclientsonboard.Someclientsdon’tneedattention:othersmight.Thereisafurtherwayinwhichthedistinctionbetweenworkandholidayisblurringwhichisthatthenatureofworkisitselfchanginginahostofdifferentways.Manyjobs,ofcourse,havetobeperformedatasinglelocation:afactory,ahospital,asupermarket,puborwherever.Thepeoplewhomaketheseplacesfunctionhaveto“gotowork”.Butgraduallytheproportionoftasksthatcanbedonewhereverthereisabroadbandconnectionisrisingrelativetothosethatarelocationbased.JustasmostworkingpeopleinBritainwillnowbecomeself-employedatsomestageoftheirlivessotoowillmostpeoplebeabletodoatleastsomeoftheirworkfromhome-or,indeed,onholiday.LookatthewayinwhichtherecentLondontubestrikeencouragedmanypeopletoworkfromhomethatday.Ifmanypeoplecandoatleastsomeworkathome,therearetwogroupswherethedistinctionbetweenworkandleisurehasprettymuchdisappeared.Thereisthesmallminorityforwhomthehobbyhasbecomethejob.Theevidenceisanecdotalbutitiscleartherearemanythousandsofpeoplewhohavemanagedtoturnsomethingtheyhaddoneforleisureintoanincome-producingactivity.Theseincludeartistsandwritersandcraft-skilledworkers.Thenthereisaratherlargergroupofpeopleforwhomworkhasbecomethehobby.Thesearepeople,oftenretired,whogifttheirskillstocharitiesandothervoluntarybodies.Isa“holiday”thatconsistsofgoingonanarchaeologicaldigworkorleisure?Ofcourse,itisboth.Itisaneducationtoo.Thereareseveralgrowthpointsintheleisurebusiness.Theseincludeactivityholidaysofallsorts,fromhang-glidingtowalking,andfromsomeformofeducationalexperiencetovolunteering.Andformoreandmoreofus,thatactivityincludesabitofwork.[單選題]1.Whathasenablemanypeopletoworkalmostanywheretheywantto?A.Easyaccesstobroadband.B.Theircloserelationshiptoclients.C.Acommonpracticelabeledas“staycation”.D.Afuzzyboundarybetweenworkandleisure.正確答案:A參考解析:本題考查細(xì)節(jié)推斷。題干意為:是什么讓許多人幾乎可以在他們想去的任何地方工作?根據(jù)關(guān)鍵短語“workalmostanywhere”定位到第二段第二、三句“Thereisoneobviousreasonandsomeotherratherless-obviousones.Theobviousoneistheubiquitousnatureofcommunications.有一個明顯的原因,還有其他一些不太明顯的原因。顯而易見的是通信無處不在?!焙妥詈笠痪洹癘ntheInternetnooneneedstoknowwhereyouare.”可知,通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)達(dá),造成不看重工作地點(diǎn)的局面,A項(xiàng)Easyaccesstobroadband意為“輕松接入寬帶”,突出網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)達(dá)的作用,符合,A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng):Theircloserelationshiptoclients.意為“他們與客戶的密切關(guān)系”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Acommonpracticelabeledas“staycation”.意為“一種被稱為‘居家度假’的常見做法”。與題干不符,排除。D項(xiàng):Afuzzyboundarybetweenworkandleisure.意為“工作和休閑之間的模糊界限”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為A。Theuglyword“staycation”wascoinedtodescribethetrendtowardspeoplestayingathomeduringtheirvacation-goingoutfordaytrips,perhaps,butusingtheirhomeastheirbase.Thereisasyetnowordtodescribethegrowingtrendforpeopletodoprettymuchthereverse:goingawayonholidaybutblendinginsomework—maybequitealotofit-intotheirholidaytime.Formany,indeedformanyawaythismonth,thefrontierbetweenworkandleisurehasbecomemuchmoreblurred.Eachblendsintotheother,andnotalwaystothebenefitofeither.Itisatrendweallrecognise,butwhyisithappening?Thereisoneobviousreasonandsomeotherratherless-obviousones.Theobviousoneistheubiquitousnatureofcommunications.Itisnotjustthateveryonecanbeintouchwiththeirworkjustaboutanywhere;itisalsothatformanypeoplethetoolstheyneedtodotheirwork-broadbandforastart-areavailabletoo.Finishingareportorpolishingadocumentcanbedoneanywhere.OntheInternetnooneneedstoknowwhereyouare.Butthereismoretothistransformationinbehaviour.Justasimportantarethechangingcompositionoftheworkforceandthechangingnatureofworkitself.Asfarastheworkforceisconcerned,thebiggestchangehasbeenthegrowthofself-employment,whichhasnearlydoubledintheUKoverthepast25years.ManagementwriterCharlesHandyidentifiedthegrowingdivisionbetweencoreworkersandportfolioworkersbackin1990inhisbookTheAgeofUnreason.Peoplewouldlearntheircraftandmaketheircontactsworkingfull-timeinwhateverfieldtheyhadspecialisedinascoreworkers,thenlaterontheywouldgoportfolio,self-employedandworkingforclients.Thecombinationofthegrowthofself-employmentandportfolioworkingchangethenatureofholidays.Obviously,ifyouworkforyourselfyoumakeyourowndecisionsaboutsuchthingsasholidaysandretirement.Youhavethefreedomtogooffwhenyouwantbutalsotheresponsibilitytokeepclientsonboard.Someclientsdon’tneedattention:othersmight.Thereisafurtherwayinwhichthedistinctionbetweenworkandholidayisblurringwhichisthatthenatureofworkisitselfchanginginahostofdifferentways.Manyjobs,ofcourse,havetobeperformedatasinglelocation:afactory,ahospital,asupermarket,puborwherever.Thepeoplewhomaketheseplacesfunctionhaveto“gotowork”.Butgraduallytheproportionoftasksthatcanbedonewhereverthereisabroadbandconnectionisrisingrelativetothosethatarelocationbased.JustasmostworkingpeopleinBritainwillnowbecomeself-employedatsomestageoftheirlivessotoowillmostpeoplebeabletodoatleastsomeoftheirworkfromhome-or,indeed,onholiday.LookatthewayinwhichtherecentLondontubestrikeencouragedmanypeopletoworkfromhomethatday.Ifmanypeoplecandoatleastsomeworkathome,therearetwogroupswherethedistinctionbetweenworkandleisurehasprettymuchdisappeared.Thereisthesmallminorityforwhomthehobbyhasbecomethejob.Theevidenceisanecdotalbutitiscleartherearemanythousandsofpeoplewhohavemanagedtoturnsomethingtheyhaddoneforleisureintoanincome-producingactivity.Theseincludeartistsandwritersandcraft-skilledworkers.Thenthereisaratherlargergroupofpeopleforwhomworkhasbecomethehobby.Thesearepeople,oftenretired,whogifttheirskillstocharitiesandothervoluntarybodies.Isa“holiday”thatconsistsofgoingonanarchaeologicaldigworkorleisure?Ofcourse,itisboth.Itisaneducationtoo.Thereareseveralgrowthpointsintheleisurebusiness.Theseincludeactivityholidaysofallsorts,fromhang-glidingtowalking,andfromsomeformofeducationalexperiencetovolunteering.Andformoreandmoreofus,thatactivityincludesabitofwork.[單選題]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“thistransformation”inPara3referto?A.Submittingareport.B.Knowingwhereyouare.C.Polishingadocument.D.Combiningworkandleisure.正確答案:D參考解析:本題考查指代內(nèi)容。題干意為:第三段中劃線的詞“thistransformation”指的是什么?這里的指代應(yīng)該是前文出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容,所以回看第二段,第二段提及到的轉(zhuǎn)變是“工作”和“休閑”的組合,D項(xiàng)意為“工作與休閑相結(jié)合”,D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng):Submittingareport.意為“提交報告”。與題干不符,排除。B項(xiàng):Knowingwhereyouare.意為“知道你在哪里”。與題干不符,排除。C項(xiàng):Polishingadocument.意為“修改文件”。與題干不符,排除。故正確答案為D。Theuglyword“staycation”wascoinedtodescribethetrendtowardspeoplestayingathomeduringtheirvacation-goingoutfordaytrips,perhaps,butusingtheirhomeastheirbase.Thereisasyetnowordtodescribethegrowingtrendforpeopletodoprettymuchthereverse:goingawayonholidaybutblendinginsomework—maybequitea

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