河南省2023-2024學(xué)年高一年級(jí)下冊(cè)7月期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2023-2024學(xué)年度高一下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

英語(yǔ)試卷

全卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

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的指定位置。

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4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將試卷和答題卡一并上交。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatwillthewomandotonight?

A.Seeamovie.B.Goonworking.C.Haveagoodrest.

2.Whowillthewomangocampingwith?

A.Tina.B.Nancy.C.Dora.

3.HowwillthemanspendmostofhistimeinFrance?

A.Travellingaround.B.Visitinghisbrother.C.Attendingameeting.

4.Whatelsedothespeakersneed?

A.Beef.B.Potatoes.C.Tomatoes.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Whenthewomanwillgotowork.

B.HowthewomanwillgettoShanghai.

C.Whatthewomanwilldoontheweekend.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Callhisboss.B.Tidyhisroom.C.Redothedocument.

7.Wheredoesthemanfindthedocument?

A.Onthefloor.B.Onthebookshelf.C.Onthedesk.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Neighbours.C.Workmates.

9.Howlongwastheshowlasttime?

A.Twohours.B.Threehours.C.Fourhours.

10.Howdothespeakersprobablyfeelnow?

A.Prettyexcited.B.Supertired.C.Quitenervous.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第U至13題。

11.Whendidthewomangotobedlastnight?

A.At3:00a.m.B.At11:00p.m.C.At1:00a.m.

12.Whydidthewomangotobedlate?

A.Shesawafilm.

B.Shewatchedshortvideos.

C.Shehadapainintheneck.

13.Whatadvicedoesthemangivetothewoman?

A.Findingajob.B.Goingtobedearly.C.Doingsomethingimportant.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whomisthewomantalkingto?

A.Aconductor.B.Afriend.C.Apassenger.

15.Whichplaceisthistrain'sfinaldestination?

A.Cambridge.B.Oxford.C.London.

16.WhattimedoesthetraintoLondonleave?

A.At8:55.B.At9:00.C.At9:10.

17.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.Shewaslateforhertrain.

B.Shecan'tmakeittotheinterview.

C.ShecouldgetontherighttrainatCambridge.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WherewastheFootballFairheldlastsummer?

A.InFrance.B.InItaly.C.InChina.

19.Whatdidthespeakerdointhemornings?

A.Visitlocalmuseums.B.Learnfootballskills.C.Helpoutonafarm.

20.Whatdidthespeakerlikebestaboutthetrip?

A.Makingnewfriends.

B.Travellingtoanothercountry.

C.Masteringdifferentlanguages.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

“Abookisadreamthatyouholdinyourhand,^^saysNeilGaiman,aBritishwriter.Bookscouldchangelives.

April23marksWorldBookandCopyrightDay.Herearesomewidelypraisedbookswhichreceivedunanimously

（全體一致地）highscoresonDouban,amajorreviewwebsiteinChina.

TheAnnoyanceoftheGods

AuthorMaBoyong,whohaswrittenTheLongestDayinChang'an,usestheclassicJourneytotheWestasa

backdroptodescribeaseriesofworkplaceissues,suchashowtowriteaworkreportduringaprojectandhowto

respondtoemergencies.

TheManinaRush

AuthorWangJibingisadeliverymanwhoserunningrouteshaveaccumulated（累積）150,000kilometres,

equaltorunningbackandforthalongtheGreatWallofChina15times.Likeallworkersfromthegrassrootsof

China,Wangrecordshisembarrassmentandtheself-respectofbeingaworker.

BrightNight

WrittenbyChoiEun-young,thebookisafemaleversionofYuHua'sToLive.Ittellsthestoryofthefriendship

andstruggleoffourgenerationsofwomen.Thewomeninthebookarenolongercharacterstobepitiedagainstone

another,nordotheyplaysupportingrolesinthelivesofmen.

ElonMusk

ElonMusklivedinSouthAfricaasachild,whereheoftensufferedfromschoolbullying（霸凌），butthese

painswereinsignificantcomparedtotheemotionalstresscausedbyhisfather.World-famousbiographerWalter

Isaacsonuncoverstheunknownstoryoftoday'sgloballynotableandcreativeentrepreneur（企業(yè)家）fromclose

observation.

Lefsdiscoverthepowerofbooksandunlockaworldoflifelongbenefitsthroughreading

1.WhatisthebookTheAnnoyanceoftheGodsabout?

A.Aworker'slifeofstruggle.

B.StorieshappeninginancientChang'an.

C.AbookreviewofJourneytotheWest.

D.Problemspeoplemightmeetintheworkplace.

2.Whichbookfocusesonfemalecharacters?

A.TheAnnoyanceoftheGods.B.TheManinaRush.

C.BrightNight.D.ElonMusk.

3.WhowrotethebookElonMusk?

A.MaBoyong.B.WalterIsaacson.

C.ChoiEun-young.D.WangJibing.

【答案】l.D2.C3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了一些在中國(guó)廣受好評(píng)的、在主要評(píng)論網(wǎng)站豆瓣上獲得高分的書籍。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"TheAnnoyanceoftheGods”中uAuthorMaBoyong,whohaswrittenTheLongestDay

inChang'an,usestheclassicJourneytotheWestasabackdroptodescribeaseriesofworkplaceissues,such

ashowtowriteaworkreportduringaprojectandhowtorespondtoemergencies.(《長(zhǎng)安十二時(shí)辰》的作者

馬伯庸以經(jīng)典的《西游記》為背景，描述了一系列職場(chǎng)問(wèn)題，比如如何在項(xiàng)目中寫工作報(bào)告，如何應(yīng)對(duì)

突發(fā)事件。)可知，《太白金星有點(diǎn)煩》(TheAnnoyanceoftheGods)這本書的內(nèi)容是關(guān)于人們?cè)诠ぷ鲌?chǎng)所

可能遇到的問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)aBrightNightv中“WrittenbyChoiEun-young,thebookisafemaleversionofYu

Hua'sToLive.Ittellsthestoryofthefriendshipandstruggleoffourgenerationsofwomen.Thewomeninthe

bookarenolongercharacterstobepitiedagainstoneanother,nordotheyplaysupportingrolesinthelivesof

men.”（該書由崔恩榮執(zhí)筆，是余華《活著》的女性版。它講述了四代女性的友誼和奮斗的故事。書中

的女性不再是相互憐憫的角色，也不再是男人生活中的配角。）可知，《明亮的夜晚》（BrightNight）這本

書關(guān)注的是女性角色。故選C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"ElonMusk“中uWorld-famousbiographerWalterIsaacsonuncoverstheunknownstoryof

today5sgloballynotableandcreativeentrepreneur（企業(yè)家）fromcloseobservation.（世界著名的傳記作家沃

爾特?艾薩克森通過(guò)近距離的觀察，揭示了當(dāng)今全球知名和富有創(chuàng)造力的企業(yè)家的不為人知的故事。）可

知，沃爾特?艾薩克森寫了《埃隆?馬斯克傳》（ElonMusk）這本書。故選B項(xiàng)。

B

WhenJoyDiazwasgrowingup,herparentsdevoted（致力于）themselvestohumanitarianwork.Thefamily

livedinMexicoCity,andalthoughtheywereanythingbutwealthy,theystillfoundwaystohelppeoplewhowere

livinginextremepoverty.

“WhenItalkaboutextremepoverty,whatImeanisthesepeoplelivedinsidethegarbagedump（垃圾堆）,“

Diazsaid.Diaz'sparentsdideverythingtheycouldtosupportthoselivinginthedump.Theystartedbybringingin

teachersanddoctors.Eventually,theywereabletobuildahealthclinic（診所），aschool,adininghallandevenset

uppublicshowers.t6Butwhilethatwashappening,wedidnothaveahome.Wewererenters,9,Diazsaid.

Oneday,yearsintotheireffort,amanshowedupatDiaz'shouse.HisnamewasJackBloxham,andhehad

workedwiththeDiazfamilyinthepasttoprovidecareforcommunitymembers.He'dcomeallthewayfrom

Richmond,Virginia.ctHeflewintoMexicoCity,hoppedinataxi,cametothehouse,sawmymumandjustgave

herthispaperbagfullofmoney,fullofcash.Andhesaid,Tormanyyears,I'vebeenwantingtobuyahousefor

you.Sohere'sthemoney,Buyahouse,Diazremembered.

Diazbelievesthisactofkindnesschangedherlife.Herfamilymovedintoamiddleclassneighbourhood,and

themoneytheysavedonrentinsteadpaidforcollegefee.ButtheimpactofBloxham'sgenerositydidn'tendthere.

“Itchangedthetrajectory（人生軌跡）ofgenerations,9,Diazexplained.t4Todaymychildrenliveinamiddleclass

neighbourhood,andbecauseIamcollegeeducated,IamabletohaveabetterjobthanIcouldhavehadbefore.^^

Bloxhamisnowinhisnineties.Diazsaysshewillalwaysrememberhiskindness.amforevergrateful,Jack.

Thankyou.^^

4.WhichwordscanbestdescribeDiaz'sparents?

A.Creativeandknowledgeable.B.Kindandcaring.

C.Poorbutoptimistic.D.Wealthybutlazy.

5.WhatdidDiaz'sparentsdoforthoselivinginthedump?

A.Theyputupadininghall.B.Theyofferedfreemeals.

C.Theytaughtforfreeinaschool.D.Theybuiltabighospital.

6.WhydidJackBloxhamgivemoneytoDiaz'smum?

A.Togivebacktosociety.

B.Toearnpeople'srespect.

C.TohelpbuyahousefortheDiazfamily.

D.Tosupportthecommunitymembers.

7.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Diazwenttocollege.

B.DiazpaidtherentwithBloxham'smoney.

C.Bloxhamwasninetywhenheboughtahouse.

D.TheDiazfamilymovedtoanupperclassneighbourhood.

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了JoyDiaz的成長(zhǎng)故事，重點(diǎn)描述了她的父母如何致力于幫助極度貧

困的人們，以及一個(gè)名為JackBloxham的人如何慷慨解囊，改變Diaz家庭乃至后代生活軌跡的善舉。通

過(guò)個(gè)人經(jīng)歷和具體事例展現(xiàn)了人性中的善良與慷慨對(duì)他人生活的深刻影響。

[4題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的"WhenJoyDiazwasgrowingup,herparentsdevoted（致力于）themselvesto

humanitarianwork.（在喬伊?迪亞茲的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，她的父母致力于人道主義工作。）”可知，Diaz的父母

致力于人道主義工作，幫助貧困人群，因此他們是善良和有愛(ài)心的。故選B。

[5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中的"Theystartedbybringinginteachersanddoctors.Eventually,theywereable

tobuildahealthclinic（診所）,aschool,adininghallandevensetuppublicshowers.（他們從引進(jìn)教師和醫(yī)生開

始。最終，他們建起了一家診所、一所學(xué)校、一個(gè)食堂，甚至還設(shè)置了公共浴室。）”可知，Diaz的父母

為住在垃圾堆里的人們建了一個(gè)餐廳。故選A。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中的“"HeflewintoMexicoCity,hoppedinataxi,cametothehouse,sawmy

mumandjustgaveherthispaperbagfullofmoney,fullofcash.Andhesaid,Tormanyyears,Vvebeenwanting

tobuyahouseforyou.Sohere'sthemoney,Buyahouse,'"Diazremembered.（Diaz回憶道：“他飛到墨西哥

城，跳上出租車，來(lái)到家里，看到我媽媽，就給了她這個(gè)裝滿錢的紙袋。他說(shuō)，'多年來(lái)，我一直想給

你買房子。所以錢來(lái)了，買房子。。）"可知，JackBloxham給Diaz的母親錢是為了幫助Diaz一家

買房子。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“"Itchangedthetrajectory（人生軌跡）ofgenerations,Diazexplained.

“Todaymychildrenliveinamiddleclassneighbourhood,andbecauseIamcollegeeducated,Iamabletohavea

betterjobthanIcouldhavehadbefore."（“它改變了幾代人的人生軌跡，”迪亞茲解釋說(shuō)?！叭缃瘢业暮?/p>

子們住在中產(chǎn)階級(jí)社區(qū)，因?yàn)槲沂苓^(guò)大學(xué)教育，所以我能找到一份比以前更好的工作?！埃翱梢酝茢?/p>

出，Diaz上了大學(xué)，并且因?yàn)槭苓^(guò)高等教育，她能夠擁有比以前更好的工作。故選A。

C

Humanexpertsspendyearsroastingandtastingcoffeefrommanyplacestolearnaboutthebeans.Theymight

thencombine（7昆合）acoffeebeanfromAfricawithanotheronefromSouthAmericatocomeupwithanewblend

（混合）.But,acoffeeroastingcompanyinHelsinki,Finlandishopingthatartificialintelligence,orAI,canhelp

easetheworkload.

KaffaRoasteryrecentlybroughtoutits"Al-conic“blendattheHelsinkiCoffeeFestival.Theblendisamixture

offourkindsofbeans,includingFazendaPinhalfromBrazil.ItistheresultofajointprojectbyKaffaandElev,a

localAIbusiness.

SvanteHampfisthefounderofKaffaRoastery.Heandhispartnerswantedtodoanexperimenttoseewhat

blendthecomputerwouldproduce.t4WebasicallygavedescriptionsofallourcoffeetypesandtheirflavourstoAI

andinstructedittocreateanewexcitingblend,9,Hampfsaid.The“Al-conic“blendcombinedbeansfromBrazil,

Colombia,EthiopiaandGuatemala.Itisdescribedas“awell-balancedblendofsweetnessandripefruit”.

Hampfsaidhethoughtthecombinationwas"somewhatweird”.HewassurprisedthattheAIprogrammechose

tomaketheblendoutoffourdifferentkindsofbeans.Mosthumanschooseonlytwoorthreebeans.However,after

thefirstblindtestofthenewblend,Kaffa?scoffeeexpertsagreedthattheAi-assistedblendwasperfect.Therewas

noneedtochange.

Elev'sAnttiMerilehtosaid"Al-conic“isanexampleof"howAIcanintroducenewviewpointtoexperienced

professionals”.TheInternationalCoffeeOrganizationsaysthatthe5.6millionpeopleinFinlanddrinkthemost

coffeeperpersonintheworld.AndtheroastersatKaffasaidtheyhopetheAIprojectwillhelptobringmorethings

tothestrongcoffeecultureinthecountry.

Hampfcalledita“firststep”,adding,t4IthinkAIhasplentytoofferusinthelongrun.Weareparticularly

impressedofthecoffeetastedescriptionsitcreated.”

8WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?

A.Topointoutaproblem.B.Topresentafinding.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Tocallforadecision.

9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe"Al-conic"blend?

A.Itisnowinmassproduction.B.Itcomesinavarietyoffruitflavours.

C.Itissweeterthanothercoffee.D.Itcombinesbeansfromfourcountries.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"weird“inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Strange.B.Great.C.Ordinary.D.Strong.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.AIRobotsHelpMakePerfectCoffee

B.ANewCoffeeBlendWinsPeople'sLove

C.AITriesHandatBlendingCoffeeinFinland

D.AIProjectsAreWidelyUsedinDifferentFields

【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述了芬蘭赫爾辛基的KaffaRoastery咖啡烘焙公司與當(dāng)?shù)氐腁I公司

Elev合作，利用人工智能創(chuàng)造出一種新的咖啡混合物"ALconic”。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段“Humanexpertsspendyearsroastingandtastingcoffeefrommanyplacestolearn

aboutthebeans.Theymightthencombine（混合）acoffeebeanfromAfricawithanotheronefromSouthAmerica

tocomeupwithanewblend（7昆合）.But,acoffeeroastingcompanyinHelsinki,Finlandishopingthatartificial

intelligence,orAI,canhelpeasetheworkload.（人類專家花費(fèi)數(shù)年時(shí)間從許多地方烘焙和品嘗咖啡，以了解

咖啡豆。然后，他們可能會(huì)將一種來(lái)自非洲的咖啡豆與另一種來(lái)自南美的咖啡豆混合在一起，從而得到

一種新的混合物。但是，芬蘭赫爾辛基的一家咖啡烘焙公司希望人工智能（AI）可以幫助他們減輕工作

量）”以及下文講述人工智能混合咖啡豆可知，本段主要是引出主題一一將人工智能應(yīng)用于咖啡烘焙，故

選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“The'Al-conic9blendcombinedbeansfromBrazil,Colombia,Ethiopiaand

Guatemala.（這種'Al-conic'混合了來(lái)自巴西、哥倫比亞、埃塞俄比亞和危地馬拉的咖啡豆）”可知，AI-

conic結(jié)合了來(lái)自四個(gè)國(guó)家的咖啡豆。故選D。

【10題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“HewassurprisedthattheAIprogrammechosetomaketheblendoutoffour

differentkindsofbeans.Mosthumanschooseonlytwoorthreebeans.However,afterthefirstblindtestofthe

newblend,Kaffa9scoffeeexpertsagreedthattheAi-assistedblendwasperfect.（令他驚訝的是，人工智能程序

選擇用四種不同的咖啡豆進(jìn)行混合。大多數(shù)人只選擇兩到三顆豆子。然而，在對(duì)新配方進(jìn)行首次盲測(cè)

后，Kaffa的咖啡專家一致認(rèn)為，人工智能輔助的配方是完美的）”可知，與人類不同，人工智能程序選擇

用四種不同的咖啡豆進(jìn)行混合，經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試后專家一致認(rèn)為人工智能輔助的配方是完美的，結(jié)合下文關(guān)鍵

詞“surprised”和“However”可知，一開始Hampf認(rèn)為人工智能輔助的配方有點(diǎn)奇怪，weird意為“奇

怪的”，故選A。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段中“Theblendisamixtureoffourkindsofbeans,includingFazenda

PinhalfromBrazil.ItistheresultofajointprojectbyKaffaandElev,alocalAIbusiness.（這種混合物由四種咖

啡豆混合而成，其中包括來(lái)自巴西的FazendaPinhalo這是Kaffa和當(dāng)?shù)厝斯ぶ悄芷髽I(yè)Elev聯(lián)合項(xiàng)目的成

果）”和最后一段中“IthinkAIhasplentytoofferusinthelongrun.Weareparticularlyimpressedofthecoffee

tastedescriptionsitcreated4我認(rèn)為從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，人工智能可以為我們提供很多東西。我們對(duì)它創(chuàng)造的咖啡

味道描述印象特別深刻）”可知，文章主要講述了芬蘭赫爾辛基的KaffaRoastery咖啡烘焙公司與當(dāng)?shù)氐?/p>

AI公司Elev合作，利用人工智能創(chuàng)造出一種新的咖啡混合物"Al-conic”。C項(xiàng)“AI在芬蘭嘗試混合咖

啡”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選C。

D

Likemanywhalesanddolphins,spermwhalesarehighlysocialanimals.Theycommunicatebysqueezing（擠

壓）airthroughtheirrespiratory（呼吸的）systems.Thatcreatesfastclickingsounds.

Foryearsscientistshavebeentryingtounderstandwhatthesoundsmadebythewhalesmean,withlittle

progress.Whiletheystilldonotknow,theynowthinktheclicksmakeupa“phoneticalphabet（拼音字母）"thatthe

whalesuse.Theresearcherssaidthewhalesusethesoundtomakewhatarelikeourwordsandphrases.

ThestudywaspublishedinNatureCommunications.Theresearchersexaminedmorethan8,700recordingsof

spermwhaleclicks,knownascodas.Theyhavefoundfourbasicelementsthattheybelievemakeupaphonetic

alphabet.

PratyushaSharmaisthestudy5sleadresearcher.Shesaidthewhalescancombinethephoneticalphabetinan

unlimitednumberofways.6<Itdoesn'tappearthattheyhaveafixedsetofcodas,“saidSharma."Thatgivesthe

whalesaccesstoamuchlargercommunicationsystem,sheadded.

Spermwhaleshavebrainsthatweighaboutninekilogrammes.Theyhavethebiggestbrainsofanyknown

animal.Femalesliveingroupsofabout10andsometimesmeetupwithhundredsorthousandsofotherwhales.

Spermwhalesseemtohavehighlydevelopedsocialties.Understandingtheircommunicationsystemcouldshow

similaritieswithhumanlanguageandsociety.

InDominica,thereisapopulationofabout200spermwhales.Togetenoughsamplesofclicks,scientistsset

upunderwaterrecordingequipmentwithmicrophonesatdifferentlevels.Devices（設(shè)備），calledtags,wereplaced

onthewhalestorecordwhatpositiontheywereinwhenclicking.Forexample,thedevicesgatheredinformation

onwhetherthewhaleswerediving,sleeping,orbreathingatthesurface.Thetagsalsorecordedwhethertherewere

anyotherwhalesnearby.

TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureconsidersspermwhales"'vulnerable（脆弱的）The

whaleswerehuntedforhundredsofyearsmostlyfortheoilcontainedintheirlargeheads.Thewhalepopulationis

stillrecovering.

12.Whatisthestudyaimedat?

A.Makingupanewphoneticalphabet.

B.Learningwordsandphrasesofhumans.

C.Recordingthebehaviourofseaanimals.

D.Findingoutthelanguageofspermwhales.

13.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthestudy?

A.Concerned.B.Supportive.C.Objective.D.Unclear.

14.Howdothescientistscollectthesamplesofclicks?

A.Bycomparingdifferentdata.

B.Bygoingoverthepreviousreports.

C.Byobservingthevideosofthewhales.

D.Byplacingunderwaterrecordingdevices.

15.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Asciencemagazine.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Abookreview.D.Abiologytextbook.

【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了多年來(lái)，科學(xué)家們一直在研究抹香鯨發(fā)出的聲音是什么意思，但進(jìn)

展甚微?，F(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這些咔噠聲構(gòu)成了鯨魚使用的“音標(biāo)字母表”。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Foryears,scientistshavebeentryingtounderstandwhatthesoundsmadebythe

whalesmean,withlittleprogress.Whiletheystilldonotknow,theynowthinktheclicksmakeupa“phonetic

alphabet（拼音字母）"thatthewhalesuse.Theresearcherssaidthewhalesusethesoundtomakewhatarelikeour

wordsandphrases.（多年來(lái)，科學(xué)家們一直試圖了解鯨魚發(fā)出的聲音意味著什么，但進(jìn)展甚微。雖然他

們?nèi)匀徊恢?，但他們現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為這些咔噠聲構(gòu)成了鯨魚使用的“音標(biāo)字母表”。研究人員表示，鯨魚用這

種聲音來(lái)制造類似于我們的單詞和短語(yǔ)。）可推知，這項(xiàng)研究的目的是了解抹香鯨的語(yǔ)言。故選D項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中"Understandingtheircommunicationsystemcouldshowsimilaritieswithhuman

languageandsociety."（了解它們的交流系統(tǒng)可以發(fā)現(xiàn)與人類語(yǔ)言和社會(huì)的相似之處。）可知，作者認(rèn)為

研究抹香鯨的交流體系還是很有意義的，所以應(yīng)該是支持的態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Togetenoughsamplesofclicks,scientistssetupunderwaterrecording

equipmentwithmicrophonesatdifferentlevels.n（為了獲得足夠的咔噠聲樣本，科學(xué)家們?cè)谒略O(shè)置了帶

有不同級(jí)別麥克風(fēng)的錄音設(shè)備）可知，科學(xué)家們通過(guò)放置水下記錄設(shè)備來(lái)收集咔噠聲樣本的。故選D

項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段"Foryears,scientistshavebeentryingtounderstandwhatthesounds

madebythewhalesmean,withlittleprogress.Whiletheystilldonotknow,theynowthinktheclicksmakeupa

“phoneticalphabet（拼音字母）"thatthewhalesuse.Theresearcherssaidthewhalesusethesoundtomakewhat

arelikeourwordsandphrases.（多年來(lái)，科學(xué)家們一直試圖了解鯨魚發(fā)出的聲音意味著什么，但進(jìn)展甚

微。雖然他們?nèi)匀徊恢?，但他們現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為這些咔噠聲構(gòu)成了鯨魚使用的“音標(biāo)字母表”。研究人員表

示，鯨魚用這種聲音來(lái)制造類似于我們的單詞和短語(yǔ)。）可知，這篇文章主要講了多年來(lái)，科學(xué)家們一直

在研究抹香鯨發(fā)出的聲音是什么意思，但進(jìn)展甚微?，F(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這些咔噠聲構(gòu)成了鯨魚使用的

“音標(biāo)字母表”。前文提及很多科學(xué)研究，因此可以推斷出這篇文章可能來(lái)自于一本科學(xué)雜志。故選A

項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Canyoutellwhenyourfriendsarehappyorgoingthroughadifficulttime?Whetheryouhaveoneortwo

bestiesorarepartofagroup,buildingandkeepingfriendshipsisaskillwealllearn.Aswellasliftingupothers,

friendshipcanboost（促進(jìn)）yourwellbeingtoo.16

Friendshipisaspecialconnectionyouhavewithanotherperson,anditcomesinallshapesandsizes.Ybu

couldchatforagesorgiggle（咯咯地笑）atthingsotherpeopledon'tfindfunny.17Andyoumayknow

whentheotherhashadabadday.Friendsdon'talwaysenjoythesamesportsorhobbiesbuttheyencourageeach

otheranyway.Expertssaygoodfriendshipisastrong,stableconnection.18Youbothgiveeachother

supportwhenyouneedit.

19Sharingyourfeelingsandideaswithsomeoneelseisn'tjustfun.Itbuildstrustandhelpsyou

understandeachotherbetter.AuthorLydiaDenworthsaysfriendshipisgoodforyoubecauseitboostsyour

immunesystemandhelpsyourbodystayhealthy.Havinggood,strongfriendshipsisasimportantasdietand

exercise.

Beingafriendisoneofthemostimportantskillswecanlearn.Makingtimeforyourfriendssoundsobvious

butit'snotalwayseasytoseethemwhenyouarebusy.20Talkingaboutyourfeelingsletsyourfriends

knowyoutrustthemandgivesthemachancetodothesame.Ifyouthinkafriendisfeelingdown,findaquiet

momenttoaskifeverything'sOKandlistencloselytotheiranswers.

A.Makingnewfriendstakesmuchtimeandeffort.

B.Itmakesyoufeelpositiveandifsnotone-sided.

C.Researchshowsitmightevenhelpyoufightoffcolds.

D.Youdon'texpecttheotherpersontobefunallthetime.

E.Thafsgoodnewsbecausehangingoutwithyourfriendsisfun.

F.Trysendingamessageorarrangingawalkorbikeridetohavetimetochat.

G.Goodfriendsaregoodforyourhealthbecausetheymakeyoufeelhappy,confidentandlessstressed.

【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.G20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了友誼的重要性、好處和交朋友的方法。

【16題詳解】

上文Whetheryouhaveoneortwobestiesorarepartofagroup,buildingandkeepingfriendshipsisaskillwe

allleam.Aswellasliftingupothers,friendshipcanboost（促進(jìn)）yourwellbeingtoo.（無(wú)論你有一兩個(gè)閨蜜，還

是一個(gè)團(tuán)體的成員，建立和保持友誼都是我們共同學(xué)習(xí)的技能。友誼不僅能提升他人，還能提升你的幸

福感）”說(shuō)明建立和保持友誼是一種技能，而且友誼不僅能提升他人，還能促進(jìn)我們自身的福祉。空處承

上啟下，C項(xiàng)中的it指代前文中的friendship,進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明友誼對(duì)我們自身的益處，甚至可能幫助我們抵

抗感冒，從而引出了下文將要具體講述的友誼帶來(lái)的健康益處。所以C項(xiàng)“研究表明，它甚至可以幫助

你抵御感冒?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C。

【17題詳解】

上文uFriendshipisaspecialconnectionyouhavewithanotherperson,anditcomesinallshapesandsizes.You

couldchatforagesorgiggle（咯咯地笑）atthingsotherpeopledon'tfindfimny.（友誼是你與他人之間的一種特

殊聯(lián)系，它有各種形狀和大小。你可以聊很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，也可以對(duì)別人覺(jué)得不好笑的事情傻笑）”說(shuō)明友誼的

多樣性和特殊性。空處順接上文，繼續(xù)描述友誼的特點(diǎn)。D項(xiàng)“你不希望對(duì)方一直都很有趣?！狈嫌?/p>

誼的多樣性和特殊性，因?yàn)橛颜x不僅僅基于共同的樂(lè)趣。故選D。

【18題詳解】

上文“Friendsdon,talwaysenjoythesamesportsorhobbiesbuttheyencourageeachotheranyway.Expertssay

goodfriendshipisastrong,stableconnection4朋友們并不總是喜歡相同的運(yùn)動(dòng)或愛(ài)好，但他們無(wú)論如何都會(huì)

互相鼓勵(lì)。專家表示，良好的友誼是一種牢固、穩(wěn)定的聯(lián)系）”說(shuō)明好的友誼是穩(wěn)定而牢固的聯(lián)系，雙方

在需要時(shí)給予彼此支持?？仗庍M(jìn)一步描述這種穩(wěn)固性，并引出下文關(guān)于相互支持的描述。B項(xiàng)中的It指

代前文中的"goodfriendship","it'snotone-sided”和下文中的"bothgiveeachothersupport”相呼應(yīng)，

說(shuō)明B項(xiàng)“它讓你感覺(jué)積極，而且不是單方面的。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

【19題詳解】

下文uSharingyourfeelingsandideaswithsomeoneelseisn'tjustfun.Itbuildstrustandhelpsyouunderstand

eachotherbetter.AuthorLydiaDenworthsaysfriendshipisgoodforyoubecauseitboostsyourimmunesystem

andhelpsyourbodystayhealthy.（與他人分享你的感受和想法不僅僅是樂(lè)趣。它可以建立信任，幫助你們更

好地理解彼此。作家LydiaDenworth說(shuō)，友誼對(duì)你有好處，因?yàn)樗茉鰪?qiáng)你的免疫系統(tǒng)，幫助你的身體

保持健康）”說(shuō)明本段介紹了好的友誼能夠幫助身體保持健康。G項(xiàng)“好朋友對(duì)你的健康有益，因?yàn)樗麄?/p>

能讓你感到快樂(lè)、自信和壓力更小?！边m合作本文的主旨句，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段，該項(xiàng)中的“Goodfriendsare

goodforyourhealthv和下文中的"itboostsyourimmunesystemandhelpsyourbodystayhealthy”相呼應(yīng)。

故選G。

【20題詳解】

上文“Beingafriendisoneofthemostimportantskillswecanleam.Makingtimeforyourfriendssounds

obviousbutifsnotalwayseasytoseethemwhenyouarebusy.（做朋友是我們能學(xué)到的最重要的技能之一。給

朋友留出時(shí)間聽(tīng)起來(lái)很明顯，但在你忙的時(shí)候見(jiàn)到他們并不總是那么容易）”說(shuō)明盡管抽時(shí)間和朋友見(jiàn)面

并不總是容易，但這是顯而易見(jiàn)的必要?？仗幮枰粋€(gè)建議或方法來(lái)解決忙碌中維持友誼的問(wèn)題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)

“試著發(fā)信息或安排散步或騎自行車，以便有時(shí)間聊天?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，它提供了一種實(shí)用的方法，即利

用簡(jiǎn)短的信息交流或安排活動(dòng)來(lái)增進(jìn)溝通，即使在忙碌中也能保持聯(lián)系。故選F。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

“WhenIwasyoung,ItoldmymotherthatIwouldgotoChinatolearnKungFuoneday.Shedidn'tbelieveit

atthetime.WhenIgotthere,I21calledherandsaid,6Mum,guesswhereIam,I'mattheShaolin

Temple!',"saysMaxYollando,ayoungmanfromtheCoted'Ivoire-22hisloveforChineseculture.

Atthetime,YollandowasastudentattheFelixHouphouet-BoignyUniversityinAbidjan.Outofhis

23forChineseculture,heenteredtheConfuciusInstitute（孑］子學(xué)院）tostudyChinese.Inlate2016,he

hadthe24tovisitthetempleinHenanprovinceonathree-monthexchange.Thisexperience25

hisunderstandingoftraditionalChineseculture.

“Thespiritofmartialarts