第01講語法填空專題（原題版）

第01講語法填空學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)內(nèi)容要求語法填空1.給單詞提示題型2.未給單詞提示題型3.語篇閱讀理解情況知識講解知識講解語法填空題的測試重點在于考查同學(xué)們能否將中學(xué)階段所學(xué)的語言知識運用到實際的英語讀寫活動中去。語法填空試題基本上涉及了中學(xué)階段所學(xué)的各類語法項目，而且考點分布比較均衡。從設(shè)題方式來看，分為給出提示詞和不給出提示詞兩類。一、已給單詞提示題型的技巧這種考查形式主要考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化、形容詞或副詞的比較級與最高級變化、動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)（含主謂一致）以及動詞的非謂語形式。同樣，我們先判斷設(shè)空處在句中的功能，再確定該用什么形式。

技巧一：名詞形式變化。

名詞的形式變化主要有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)、所有格的變化。

例：Therearemanystudentslivingatschool，the

(child)housesareallfarfromschoo1．

由students一詞可以判斷出橫線處應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)，且作為houses的定語，所以應(yīng)用其所有格形式，故答案為child的復(fù)合變化形式——

復(fù)數(shù)的所有格children’s。

技巧二：動詞形式變化。

動詞的形式變化比較多，有謂語的變化(時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣)，有非謂語的變化(不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)。

例：Atalk

(give)tomorrowiswrittenbyProfessorZhang.

句中的iswritten是整句的謂語，所以橫線所在的動詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用作非謂語。從tomorrow可以看出，報告是“將來”作的，故用不定式；且報告是give動作的承受者，故可以判斷出橫線所在處用give的不定式被動式——tobegiven。

技巧三：代詞形式變化。

代詞形式變化通常是與人稱變化有關(guān)的三大類五小類，即人稱代詞(主格和賓格)、物主代詞(形容詞性和名詞性)、反身代詞。另外還有幾個不定代詞的形式變化，如noone／none、other／another等。

例：Thekingdecidedtoseethepainterby

(he).

由介詞by可以看出，橫線處應(yīng)填反身代詞himself。

技巧四：形容詞、副詞比較級變化。

英語中大部分形容詞和表方式的副詞都有原級、比較級和最高級的變化。

例：Iam

(tall)thanLiuWen．Heisthetalleststudentsinmyclass．

此題后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的學(xué)生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“l(fā)esstall”。

技巧五：數(shù)詞形式變化。

數(shù)詞的形式變化包括基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞，或加后綴一teen、ty的變化，甚至還有作分母用的序數(shù)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，以及one／two的特殊變化形式

once／twice

例：TomythreesonsIleavemyseventeenhorses．Myeldestsonshalltakeahalf，mysecondsonshalltakea

(three).

從上下文連續(xù)起來理解，這是一個分馬的計劃，大兒子分得ahalf，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二兒子應(yīng)該得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序數(shù)詞“third”才能命中目標(biāo)。

技巧六：詞的派生。

詞的派生現(xiàn)象在英語單詞中是很常見的，派生現(xiàn)象主要發(fā)生在名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞四種詞中。這種題型還有可能檢測學(xué)生對詞根、前后綴、派生詞的掌握。

例：Liouslosthiswalletyesterday，SOhewasvery____(happiness)．

在這道題中，學(xué)生很容易判斷出該用形容詞；錢包丟了，人應(yīng)該是不開心的，所以要再加個前綴un，就成了unhappy。二、未給單詞提示題型的技巧這種形式主要考查同學(xué)們對語篇的理解、對邏輯關(guān)系的把握以及對固定搭配和常見句式的掌握程度?？疾榈膬?nèi)容主要是冠詞、介詞、代詞、情態(tài)動詞、連詞、連接代/副詞、關(guān)系詞和句式。因為沒有提示詞，所以同學(xué)們需要根據(jù)短文大意、上下文的邏輯關(guān)系和對一些長難句的結(jié)構(gòu)分析來判斷設(shè)空處在句中的功能，從而界定其詞性，確定其意義，最后確定其內(nèi)容。

技巧七：固定短語結(jié)構(gòu)。

根據(jù)句中橫線前后及整句來判斷橫線前后是否構(gòu)成一個固定短語，但有時要對橫線前或后的幾個單詞“視而不見”才能命中答案。

例1：Thechildrenwereplayingontheground，enjoying____，dirtybuthappy.

從句中的happy可以

猜出孩子們是開心的，所以應(yīng)用enj0yoneself短語，故其答案為themselves。

技巧八：短語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)。

短語動詞是以動詞為中心的兩個或多個詞構(gòu)成的短語，此類短語中往往是動詞與介詞或副詞連用的多些。

例1：Theusconsists____fiftystates．

根據(jù)常識可知，美國由50個州組成，故橫線處與前一詞組合，表示“由......組成”，所以答案是of。

技巧九：短語介詞結(jié)構(gòu)。

短語介詞即多個詞的組合。起介詞作用的短語，如：exceptfor，dueto等。

例1：MrSmithtookaplanetoLondon____oftakingatrain.

此題中說到兩種交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案為instead，以構(gòu)成介詞短語insteadof。

技巧十：連詞、關(guān)聯(lián)短語結(jié)構(gòu)。

常用的連詞有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的關(guān)聯(lián)短語有both…and...，either…or...，neither…nor...，notonly…butalso...等。

例1：____MarrieandJannielikegoingtothetheatre．

橫線處的詞與后面可以構(gòu)成both?and，故答案為Both。

技巧十一：冠詞、介詞和常用的副詞。

冠詞只能是在a，an，the之間判斷；常用的介詞有in，at，on，before，during等，通?？疾楣潭ù钆?；副詞的量還是比較多，如：however，never，yet，much等。

例1：Jackielikestodriveat____highspeed．這里考查的是不定冠詞的習(xí)慣用法，答案為a，構(gòu)成atahighspeed，“以高速”開車。課堂典例閱讀下面短文，在標(biāo)有序號的空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號中單詞的正確形式。IntheWestwearefamiliarwithballetslikeSwanLake.Butthere’sanotherclassicaldanceformwithalonghistory____11____hasonlyrecentlyburstontotheworldscene.ItiscalledChineseclassicaldance.Chineseclassicaldanceis____12____incrediblydemanding,refined,andexpressivedanceform.Alongsideballet,itisalsooneofthemostprehensivedance____13____(system)knowntohumans.PeopleoutsideChinahadhardlyeverheardofChineseclassicaldance____14____recently.OnemajorreasonwasthatwhenChinesepaniesperformedabroad,theyoftenmixedChinesedancestylewithWesterndancestyle.Sotheaudienceleftthetheaternotsure____15____(exact)whattheyhadjustseen.In2006,however,apanycalledShenYunPerformingArts____16____(establish)inNewYork.Itsmissionwastopromote____17____(tradition)culture,andthisincludedpresentingChineseclassicaldanceinitspureform.Notquiteadecadelater,Chineseclassicaldancehasbeemuchbetter____18____(recognize)andisstartingtoinfluenceWesternballet.____19____theirsignificantdifferences,bothballetandChineseclassicaldancehavetheability____20____(tell)storiesvividlyandmoveusthroughbeautifulart.鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)一、語法填空（2324高二下·湖南長沙·開學(xué)考試）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ItisnosecretthatChinahasanincrediblyrich,plexandancienthistoryandculture.Myfirst1(expose)toChineseculturecametotallybychance.At8,Iwalkedintoabookshopandpickedabookfromoneofthe2(shelf).Nevertheless,thebookturnedouttobethe“TaoTeChing”,adeeplyphilosophicalbookofTaoism.Asan8yearold,thebook’scontentwas3(obvious)lostonme,butitprovidedmewithanearlyconnectiontoaprofoundphilosophicaltraditionby

4Iamstillinfluencedtoday.AtschoolIbeganstudyingChinese.Myinterestinthelanguagedevelopedearlyon,5(bine)myloveoftravellingwithmyloveofmeetingnewpeople.Cultureandfoodarecloselyconnectedandperhapsnowhereelsecanthisbeseenmoreclearly6inChina.Inrecentyearsthere7(be)ariseinrestaurantsofferingavarietyoffoodshere.IhaveintroducedmanyofmyfriendstoChinesehistoryandculturethrougha8(share)loveoffood.9issafetosaythatmyjourneyhasonlyjustbegun.Thesefirststepsareonlyadropintheoceanoflifelonglearning,butastheChinesephilosopherLaozisaid,“Ajourneyofathousandmiles10(begin)withasinglestep.”二、語法填空（2324高二上·湖南湘潭·期末）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Advertising11(refer)totheactivityofpromotingaproductorservice.Ithasbeepartofourmodernlife.Advertisinghasalwaysbeencloselylinkedwiththemassmedia.Inadditiontomakingpeopleawareofaproductorservice,asuccessfuladvertisementcanalsocreateadesiretobuy,thus12(boost)business.Thatis13whenapanywantstopromoteaproductorservice,itoftenlaunchesamassmediaadvertisingcampaign.Basedonthepsychologybehindcreatingadesiretobuy,advertisershavedevelopedwaysofpersuadingpeopleintopurchasingtheir14(product)orservices.Amontechniquetomakeanimpactistocreate15memorableslogan,whichusessimplebutimpressivelanguagetomakepeopleremembertheproductorservice.Anothertechniqueadvertisersoftenemployis16(link)theirpanyorproducttoa“brandambassador”.Moreover,someadvertisementssuchasproductplacement17(be)notsoobvious.Weabsorbthemarketingmessageswithoutthinkingaboutthemtoomuch,yetthey18(probable)haveaneffectonusthenexttimewegoshopping.Inthefuture,advertisingwillbemoreaboutunderstandingindividualcustomersandsendingthemadvertisementsthataretailored19specificneeds.Notonlywillthismakethemfeel20(valued),butitwillalsohelppaniestargettheircustomersmoreefficiently.三、語法填空（2324高二上·浙江金華·期末）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Delicate,shining,andsofttothetouch.Thefabriccalledsilk21(find)itswayintotheheartofChinesepeopleinthepastthousandsofyears.22originofitisnotclear,buttheancientChinesepeople23(credit)theirownwisdomtoLeizu,wifeoftheYellowEmperor,astheinventorofsericulture(養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)).Thestyleandtexture(質(zhì)地)ofsilkare24(variety).HangluosatinfromHangzhou,Zhejiangprovince,isfamousforitsairyandthintexture,25YunjinbrocadefromNanjing,Jiangsuprovince,aluxuriousfabricoften26(use)forroyalclothes,representsChina’ssilkweaving(紡織)techniqueatitsbesttime.Yunjinbrocadeisbestmade27hand,inaplexprocedurethatprisesmorethanahundredsteps.Eventhemostskilledartisanscanonlyweaveafewcentimetersaday.IntheWesternHanDynasty(206BC—AD24),withZhangQian28(open)uptheroutestothewesternregions,silkgracedcountriesinCentralAsia,andlaterotherpartsofEurasiaandbeyond.29(appropriate),itsnamemarkedChina’smajorinternationaltrade30(route),theancientSilkRoadandMaritimeSilkRoad.AsoneofthewondersofancientChina,silkisnotmerelyatypeoffabricbutaculturalsymbolandarepresentativeofelegance.四、語法填空（2324高二上·湖南永州·開學(xué)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Deliverydrones,asthenamesuggests,31(use)todelivergoods.Atthemoment,deliverydronesaremainlyusedformilitaryactionanddisaster32(relieve),likethedistributionofmedicinesduringemergencies,especiallytoplacesthatarehard33(reach)byothermeansoftransport.34canbepredictedthatbeforelongmanypeoplewillbeusingdronestodeliverdailysupplies35foodanddrink.Somepaniesarealsodevelopingpassengerdrones,36carrypeopleincrowdedcities.Justenteradestination,37thedroneswillflythepassengerswheretheywanttogo.Thiscouldnotonlysavetime,butalso38(great)decreaseroadtraffic.Wecanassumethatwith39(improve)technologyinpassengerdrones,wewillbeenteringtheageofpersonalflyingvehicles.Therearealsomanyotherexcitingnewwaystousethistechnology.Whatever40(happen),we’llallbeinteractingwithdronesonadailybasis.Therecanbenodenyingthatthetechnologywillhaveahugeimpactoneverydaylife.五、語法填空（2324高二上·河南·期末）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinesecalligraphyis41artisticpracticeofwritingChinesecharacters,oftenwithabrushandinkonxuanpaper.ThedevelopmentofChinesecalligraphybeganalongsidetheearliestChinesecharacters42(discover)todate—aboutfromtheShangDynastyinAnyang,Henanprovince.Overtime,calligraphygraduallytookshape43aformofartratherthanameremeansofrecord.Thefivemajorstylesofhandwriting,running,regular,official,sealandcursive(篆書和草書),werebornfromsuchcalligraphy.Calligraphyisademandingandadvancedart.Theoutputcan44(affect)bythebrush,inkandpaper.Structureofindividualcharactersandspatiallayout(空間布局)asawholedetermine45(it)quality.Moreover,itissaidthattheemotionsandphilosophyofthewriteraredirectlyreflectedoncalligraphy.Calligraphyisrefined(文雅的)art.LanTingXu(TheOrchidPavilionPreface),createdbyWangXizhiduringtheEasternJinDynasty(317420),isoneofthemostcelebrated46(work)ofChinesecalligraphy.47(possess)bothhistoricalandculturalsignificanceinChineseliterature,itisakindofelegantand48(express)brushwork.Calligraphyisalsowithinreach.49thereisChineselanguage,thereisChinesecalligraphy.Theartistryisstill50(high)valuedtoday,foritismorethanjustwriting,itisalivingheritage.六、語法填空（2223高二上·安琥合肥·開學(xué)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。NationalHandwritingDay51(fall)onJanuary23rd.Itsaimistostressthesignificanceoftheskillofhandwriting.Handwritingisofpractical52(important)intoday’sworldwherepeopleuseaputerkeyboardmorethanapenorpencil.Somepeopleareworriedthatinthefuture,handwritingmightbeea53(lose)art.TheWritingInstrumentManufacturersAssociation(WIMA)54(start)NationalHandwritingDayin1977.ThedayJanuary23rdwaschosenbecausethisisthebirthdayofJohnHancock,55wasthefirstpersontosigntheAmericanDeclarationofIndependence—oneofthemostimportantdocumentsinAmerica’shistory.WIMAsays:“NationalHandwritingDayis56chanceforallofustoreexplorethepurityandpowerofhandwriting.”Handwritingismorelikeanartratherthan57(simple)writing.Wecanuseittoexpress58(we)andbecreative.Ahigherartformiscalligraphy(書法).Peoplecanstudyhowtowriteasingleletterformanyyears.Everyone’shandwritingisunique.Weonlyneedtoseethefrontofaletter59(recognize)thehandwritingofsomeoneweknow.Expertscanevenanalyzeourhandwritingandexplain60kindofpersonalitywehave.Whatdoesyourhandwritingsayaboutyou?七、語法填空（2324高二上·福建廈門·開學(xué)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DuringC