甘肅省武威市第六中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

武威第六中學(xué)2024—2025年度第一學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)測(cè)試卷(時(shí)間：120分鐘分值：150分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hewasnervousaboutaspeech.B.Hewasgivingaspeech.C.Hegotastomachache.2.Whenwillthemanpickupthewoman?A.At7∶20.B.At7∶40.C.At8∶15.3.Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?A.Repairthechair.B.Buyachair.C.Throwawaythechair.4.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Lookforaparkingspace.B.Drivetothedepartmentstoreagain.C.Gotothedepartmentstoreinafewdays.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inacinema.C.Inthewoman’shouse.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Howdoesthemanknowabouttheplay?A.Fromatheatreposter.B.Fromafriend.C.Fromanewspaper.7.Whyisthemandisappointed?A.Theplayisn’tgood.B.Ticketsareunavailable.C.HehastoworkonSaturday.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatcan’tthewomandecide?A.Wheretohavesupper.B.Whattoeatforsupper.C.Whentostartsupper.9.Whatkindofrestaurantsdoesthemanlike?A.Theoneswithenoughseats.B.Theonesservingsuperfood.C.Theonesnearhisworkingplace.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acampingtrip.B.Aweekendplan.C.Afamilydinner.11.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttogohiking?A.It’scoldoutside.B.It’snotexciting.C.It’squitetiring.12.Whatwillthespeakersdecidetodofirst?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Gotothecinema.C.Visitthemuseum.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Howtogettothestudents’union.B.Howtolivetheuniversitylife.C.Howtofindamapoftheuniversity.14.Howlongarethecomputerroomsopenonweekdays?A.8hours.B.9hours.C.11hours.15.Whereisthestudents’union?A.BesidetheLabB.B.OppositetheChemistrylabs.COntherightoftheScienceBlocks.16.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Getfamiliarwiththeuniversity.B.HaveanappointmentwithhimonThursday.C.Writehertelephonenumberdownontheform.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhoorganizestheWinterFestival?A.Thegovernment.B.Ateamofvolunteers.C.Thebusinessmenaroundthetown.18.Whatisspecialabouttheartexhibition?A.Itwillbeheldinaschool.BTherearethreeopeningnights.C.Thepaintersofthepicturesarelocalstudents.19.WhatwillbeheldintheMainExhibitionHall?A.Afancy-dressparty.B.Anartexhibition.C.Amusictalentshow.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker’stalk?A.Toraisemoneyforthefestival.B.Toinformpeopleofthefestival.C.Toshowsomeofthemusicaltalents.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AReadytoputinsomeclassworkoverseas?Thenthesehighschoolstudyabroadprogramsarejustforyou:NacelEducationalTravelHighSchoolExchange—9.81ratingKickingitwithyourhostsister,beachdaysinItaly.StudyJapaneselanguageandpopcultureorimproveyourGermanwithNacel’slanguageimmersionprograms.You’lllivewithafriendlylocalfamily.Besides,allNacelstudentsgetafreee-learningcoursebeforetheyarrive!Where?Japan,Italy,France,GermanyGVIs’LanguageImmersionSummerCamps—9.76ratingIfyou’relookingtopickupsomelesserspokenvocabulary,consideraNepalilanguageimmersionprogram.Or,considerhighschoolSpanishimmersionprogramstostudySpanishinCostaRica.WithGVI,you’lllearnthelanguage,helpwithlocalprojects,andbeimmersedinlocalculture.Where?Nepal,CostaRicaCIPHighSchoolLanguageExchangeProgram—9.59ratingYou’lltakeChineselessonsataChinesehighschoolalongwithsubjectsofyourinterest.Howdocookingdumplings,practicingKungFumoves,andtestingoutyourcalligraphyskillssound?MostChineselessonswillbetaughtatalocalhighschoolandyou’llbeprovidedaroomintheschool.Where?ChinaCarpeDiem’sCaribbeanIslesSemester—8.59ratingDancingandthebestCubansandwichesofyourlife!HeadtoCubaandaddtheperfecttouchtoyourSpanishstudies.Withover20yearsofexperience,CarpeDiem’sCaribbeanIslesSemesterwillgobeyondallyourexpectations.Throughsocialoutingsandadventuretravel,you’llquicklyfallinlovewiththisCaribbeanculturalhotspot.Where?Cuba1.HowhighascoredoesaNepali-relatedprogramget?A.9.81. B.9.76. C.9.59. D.8.59.2.WhichofthefollowingmightMaryattendifshelikesChineseculture?A.NacelEducationalTravelHighSchoolExchange.B.GVIs’LanguageImmersionSummerCamps.C.CarpeDiem’sCaribbeanIslesSemester.D.CIPHighSchoolLanguageExchangeProgram.3.WhatcanstudentsdoontheCarpeDiem’sCaribbeanIslesSemester?A.LearnGermanandSpanish. B.Docommunityservice.C.Experienceadventuretravel. D.Attendane-learningcourse.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)高中留學(xué)項(xiàng)目?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GVIs’LanguageImmersionSummerCamps—9.76rating部分中“Ifyou’relookingtopickupsomelesserspokenvocabulary,consideraNepalilanguageimmersionprogram.(如果你想學(xué)習(xí)一些口語(yǔ)詞匯，可以考慮尼泊爾語(yǔ)浸入式課程)”可知，與尼泊爾相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目得分是9.76。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CIPHighSchoolLanguageExchangeProgram—9.59rating部分中“You’lltakeChineselessonsataChinesehighschool,alongwithsubjectsofyourinterest.Howdocookingdumplings,practicingKungFumoves,andtestingoutyourcalligraphyskillssound?(你將在一所中國(guó)高中學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，學(xué)習(xí)你感興趣的科目。做餃子、練功夫、練書(shū)法聽(tīng)起來(lái)怎么樣？)”可知，如果瑪麗喜歡中國(guó)文化，她會(huì)參加CIP高中語(yǔ)言交流項(xiàng)目。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CarpeDiem’sCaribbeanIslesSemester—8.59rating部分中“Throughsocialoutingsandadventuretravel,you’llquicklyfallinlovewiththisCaribbeanculturalhotspot.(通過(guò)社交郊游和冒險(xiǎn)旅行，你很快就會(huì)愛(ài)上這個(gè)加勒比文化熱點(diǎn))”可知，CarpeDiem加勒比群島學(xué)期學(xué)生可以體驗(yàn)冒險(xiǎn)旅行。故選C。BManypeoplearoundmemakeadifferencetotheworldonadailybasis—beingkindinunexpectedwaysandsharingthegenerosityoftheirliveswithothers.I,likemanyofthem,volunteersomeofmytimeinordertogivebackjustalittleofwhatIamsoblessedtohave.IvolunteeredtogotoGuatemalawithaneyeglassteamfromInternationalReliefTeams—anorganizationIhavesupportedinotherwaysformanyyears.OurteamwenttoasmalltowninGuatemala,SanAugustin.Wesetupourtablesandpackagesofpre-madeglassesinthedirtycourtyardofaclinic,putuptheSnellenchart(aneyechart)onawall,andbeganourwork.Youngandoldpeoplecamefrommanyofthesurroundingtowns.Mosthadneverreceivedaneyeexambefore.Theywaitedforhourspatientlyinthesun,nevercomplaining.Ifwecouldhelpthemout,theirthankfulnessforasimplepairofglasseswasoverwhelming.Someonlyleftwitheyedropsorsunglasses,andeventhesepeopleexpressedtheirgratitudesincerely.Allofthemwereverygenerouswithblessingsandsmiles.Weheardoverandoverfrompeoplewhoknewtheireyesneededhelpbuttheyhadnotgonetoadoctorbecauseitwastooexpensive,orhadnotgottheglassestheyneededforthesamereason.It’ssoeasytooverlookhowmuchdifferencethevolunteers’smallactionscanmaketothelivesofpeopleinGuatemala.Theglassesinmycountryaresoeasilyavailable,buttopeopleinGuatemala,theyarenot.Asthosewhocouldgivethemahand,wewatchedtheirliveschange.Whatagiftsightis—andwhatadifferencebeingabletoseeclearlymakes!Here,we’dlikeyoutojoinusandtakeactiontohelppeopleinneed.Andeveryday,thoseactionschangelives.Noactionistoosmall;noactioniseverwasted.4.AccordingtoParagraph1,theauthorisprobably________.A.amajorhostofgooddeedsB.asponsorofaneyeglassteamC.agenerousneighborinhiscommunityD.asupporterofInternationalReliefTeams5.Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteersintheeyeglassteam?A.Theirworkingenvironmentissimple.B.Theyaremedicalexpertsnationwide.C.Theirinitialpreparationisinadequate.D.TheyhaveservedpeopleinGuatemalaforyears.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribemostpeopleinGuatemala?A.Kindandhelpful. B.Poorbutgrateful.C.Considerateandpatient. D.Knowledgeablebutunhealthy.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Tourgepeopletoprotecttheireyes.B.ToaskpeopletovolunteerinGuatemala.C.Tocallonpeopletodogooddeedsindailylife.D.ToshowthedifficultlifeofpeopleinGuatemala.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者志愿加入國(guó)際救援小組的眼鏡隊(duì)，團(tuán)結(jié)隊(duì)友去幫助別人，為世界貢獻(xiàn)出自己的一份力量并號(hào)召人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪幸沧龊檬??！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“IvolunteeredtogotoGuatemalawithaneyeglassteamfromInternationalReliefTeams-anorganizationIhavesupportedinotherwaysformanyyears.(我自愿和國(guó)際救援隊(duì)的眼鏡隊(duì)一起去危地馬拉，多年來(lái)我一直以其他方式支持這個(gè)組織)”可知，作者是國(guó)際救援隊(duì)的支持者。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Wesetupourtablesandpackagesofpre-madeglassesinthedirtycourtyardofaclinic,putuptheSnellenchart(aneyechart)onawall,andbeganourwork.(我們?cè)谝患以\所臟兮兮的院子里擺好桌子和一包事先準(zhǔn)備好的眼鏡，把斯內(nèi)倫圖（一個(gè)視力檢查表）掛在墻上，開(kāi)始工作)”可推斷出，眼鏡隊(duì)志愿者的工作環(huán)境很簡(jiǎn)陋。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Someonlyleftwitheyedropsorsunglasses,andeventhesepeopleexpressedtheirgratitudesincerely.(有些人只留下了眼藥水或太陽(yáng)鏡，甚至這些人也真誠(chéng)地表達(dá)了他們的感激之情)”和“Weheardoverandoverfrompeoplewhoknewtheireyesneededhelpbuttheyhadnotgonetoadoctorbecauseitwastooexpensive,orhadnotgottheglassestheyneededforthesamereason.(我們一遍又一遍地從那些知道眼睛需要幫助的人那里聽(tīng)到消息，但他們沒(méi)有去看醫(yī)生，因?yàn)樘F了，或者因?yàn)橥瑯拥脑驔](méi)有得到他們需要的眼鏡)”可推斷出，Guatemala的人雖貧窮但很感恩。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Here,we’dlikeyoutojoinusandtakeactiontohelppeopleinneed.(在這里，我們希望你加入我們，采取行動(dòng)幫助有需要的人)”可推斷出，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是號(hào)召人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪凶龊檬?。故選C。COneinconvenienttruthforthecleanenergyindustryistheundeniablefactthatwindturbines(渦輪機(jī))killbirds.Researcherssaysmarterturbinescoulddramaticallycutthetoll.TheAmericanBirdConservancyclaimsthatatleastonemillionbirddeathsasaresultofwindturbinesayearintheUSaloneislikelytobeanunderestimate.That’ssubstantiallylessthantheestimated980millionbirdsayearthatdiecrashingintobuildings,orthe1.4to3.7billionperyearkilledbydomesticcats.Butit’sstillanunacceptablenumber,andaproblemthatneedstobeaddressed—becauseafullygreenenergynetworkwillneedmoreandmoreturbinesoverthecomingdecades.ResearchersatSINTEFandtheNorwegianCentrebelievetheyhaveanideathatcouldhelpinalotofcases.Theidea—knownasSKARV—isfairlysimple:eachturbinewillhavecamerasfitted,capableofspottingbirdsflyingdirectlyintothepathoftherotors(螺旋槳).Softwarewillautomaticallycalculatetheirpredictedpath,andifitlookslikethey’reindangerofbeinghit,thesystemwillsendcontrolsignalstoslowtherotorsdown.Insimulations(模擬),thesystemisabletoavoidthevastmajorityofcrashes.This,ofcourse,doesn’tdescribeallsituations.Forexample,ifayoung,inexperiencedbirdapproachesaturbinedisplayingirregularflightbehavior,itwillnotbepossibletopredictexactlywhereitwillbeafewsecondslater.Predictionisalsomoredifficultifseveralbirdsapproachatthesametime.Someresearchersarguethatbirdsarelearningtoavoidturbinesvoluntarily.Butifmorethanamillionbirdsayearhaven’tgotthememoyet,it’sstillaproblemworthsolving.Welookforwardtohearinghowtrialsprogress.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“cutthetoll”inparagraphIprobablymean?A.Maximizeefficiency. B.Reducedeaths.C.Lowercosts. D.Preventerrors.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutbirddeathcausedbywindturbinesinparagraph2?A.Ittopsthelistofbirddeaths. B.Itcallsforimmediateaction.C.Ithasbeenproperlysolved. D.Itshowsprogressintechnology.10.HowdoesSKARVmakewindturbinesintelligent?A.Bykeepingaconstantspeed. B.Byrecordingbirds’behavior.C.Bypredictingpotentialdanger. D.Bysendingwarningstobirds.11.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Challengespresentedinsimulations. B.Featuresofbirds’flyingpatterns.C.ExamplesofSKARV’sapplication D.Approachestocrashavoidance.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究人員表示，更智能的渦輪機(jī)可以大大減少鳥(niǎo)類的死亡數(shù)量。介紹了這種智能渦輪機(jī)的工作原理以及存在的挑戰(zhàn)。【8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneinconvenienttruthforthecleanenergyindustryistheundeniablefactthatwindturbineskillbirds.Researcherssaysmarterturbinescoulddramaticallycutthetoll.(對(duì)于清潔能源行業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)難以忽視的、不可否認(rèn)的事實(shí)是風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)會(huì)殺死鳥(niǎo)類。研究人員表示，更智能的渦輪機(jī)可以大大cutthetoll。)”以及第三段“Softwarewillautomaticallycalculatetheirpredictedpath,andifitlookslikethey’reindangerofbeinghit,thesystemwillsendcontrolsignalstoslowtherotorsdown.(軟件會(huì)自動(dòng)計(jì)算出它們的預(yù)測(cè)路徑，如果它們（鳥(niǎo)類）看起來(lái)有被擊中的危險(xiǎn)，系統(tǒng)就會(huì)發(fā)出控制信號(hào)，讓旋翼減速。)”可知，這里講述了智能渦輪機(jī)減少鳥(niǎo)類撞擊的工作原理，所以更智能的渦輪機(jī)可以大大減少鳥(niǎo)類的死亡。故劃線詞意思是“減少死亡”。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第二段“Butit’sstillanunacceptablenumber,andaproblemthatneedstobeaddressed-becauseafullygreenenergynetworkwillneedmoreandmoreturbinesoverthecomingdecades,.(但這仍然是一個(gè)不可接受的數(shù)字，也是一個(gè)需要解決的問(wèn)題——因?yàn)樵谖磥?lái)幾十年里，一個(gè)完全綠色的能源網(wǎng)絡(luò)將需要越來(lái)越多的渦輪機(jī)。)”可知，風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)造成的鳥(niǎo)類死亡需要立即采取行動(dòng)。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Softwarewillautomaticallycalculatetheirpredictedpath,andifitlookslikethey’reindangerofbeinghit,thesystemwillsendcontrolsignalstoslowtherotorsdown.(軟件會(huì)自動(dòng)計(jì)算出它們的預(yù)測(cè)路徑，如果它們看起來(lái)有被擊中的危險(xiǎn)，系統(tǒng)就會(huì)發(fā)出控制信號(hào)，讓旋翼減速。)”可知，SKARV通過(guò)預(yù)測(cè)潛在危險(xiǎn)使風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)智能化。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Insimulations,thesystemisabletoavoidthevastmajorityofcrashes.This,ofcourse,doesn’tdescribeallsituations.Forexample,ifayoung,inexperiencedbirdapproachesaturbinedisplayingirregularflightbehavior,itwillnotbepossibletopredictexactlywhereitwillbeafewsecondslater.Predictionisalsomoredifficultifseveralbirdsapproachatthesametime.(在模擬中，該系統(tǒng)能夠避免絕大多數(shù)撞擊。當(dāng)然，這并不能描述所有的情況。例如，如果一只年輕的、沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的鳥(niǎo)接近一個(gè)表現(xiàn)出不規(guī)則飛行行為的渦輪機(jī)，就不可能準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)幾秒鐘后它會(huì)在哪里。如果幾只鳥(niǎo)同時(shí)接近，預(yù)測(cè)也會(huì)更加困難。)”可知，第四段的主要內(nèi)容是模擬中存在的挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。DEverytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.Amoleculeisagroupofatoms.Itrepresentsthesmallestamountofsomechemical.Yourskiniscoveredinmoleculespickedupbyeverythingyou’vetouched.Witheachnewthingyourskincontacts,youleavebehindsomesmallshareofwhatit’dtouchedearlier.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia.SanDiego(UCSD)recentlyanalyzedsuchchemicalleftoversonthephonesof39volunteers.ThestudywasledbybiochemistAminaBouslimani.Toexplorethoseremains,theUCSDteamwipedthesurfaceofeachvolunteer’sphonewithacottonswab(藥棉簽).Thescientistsalsoswabbedeachperson’srighthand.Thentheresearcherscomparedthechemicalsfoundoneachcellphone.Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythencomparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein.aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier,whichcontainsvarioussubstances,includingspices,caffeineandmedicines.Tracesofanywherefromhundredstothousandsofdifferentmoleculesturneduponeachphone.Themoleculesreflectedwhathadbeeninthebody,andwhateachpersonhadhandledbeforetouchingthephone.Fromallthesemolecules,Bouslimanisays.“Wecouldtellifapersonislikelyfemale,useshigh-endcosmetics,dyesherhair,drinkscoffee,prefersbeeroverwineorlikesspicyfood.”Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays.he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneremainstonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.12.Whatcanweconcludeabouttheuserbyanalyzingtheleftoversonthephone?A.Personality. B.Intelligence. C.Appearance. D.Lifestyle.13.Whatwasthefirstthingneededtobedoneforthestudy?A.Comparingdifferentchemicals. B.Hiringvolunteerswithcellphones.C.Buildingadatabasecontainingchemicals. D.Collectingthechemicalsfromphones.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheapplicationoftheresearchfinding?A.Uninterested. B.Disappointed. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.15.Whatshouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FingersLeaveCluesaboutYouonYourPhoneB.YourPhoneMayBeHometoVariousChemicalsC.MoleculesAreUsedtoSearchforIllegalDrugsD.CellPhonesWillbeUsedinMoreFields【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了通過(guò)研究手機(jī)上留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，我們可以得出用戶的生活方式，手指在手機(jī)上留下關(guān)于你的線索。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指觸摸手機(jī)，都會(huì)留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。每種化學(xué)物質(zhì)都為你和你的活動(dòng)提供線索。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過(guò)分析它們，科學(xué)家們可能能夠拼湊出一個(gè)關(guān)于你最近生活的故事。）可推知，通過(guò)研究手機(jī)上的殘留物，我們可以得出用戶的生活方式。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythencomparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein,aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier.whichcontainsvarioussubstances.includingspices.caffeineandmedicines.”（科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了盡可能多的分子。然后，他們將這些數(shù)據(jù)與化學(xué)物質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行了比較。加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校的藥物化學(xué)家PieterDorrestein在幾年前幫助建立了這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，其中包含各種物質(zhì)，包括香料、咖啡因和藥物。）可推知，研究人員要做的第一件事是建立包含化學(xué)物質(zhì)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays,he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneresiduestonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.”（警方已經(jīng)使用分子分析來(lái)尋找爆炸物或非法毒品的痕跡。Dorrestein說(shuō)，到目前為止，他從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)警察利用手機(jī)殘留物來(lái)縮小搜索嫌疑人的行為線索。但偵探可能有一天會(huì)使用這些數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)追蹤在犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)留下手機(jī)的人。）可推知，作者對(duì)于研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的應(yīng)用持積極的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem,scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指觸摸手機(jī)，都會(huì)留下微量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。每種化學(xué)物質(zhì)都為你和你的活動(dòng)提供線索。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過(guò)分析它們，科學(xué)家們可能能夠拼湊出一個(gè)關(guān)于你最近生活的故事。）可知，文章主要講的是通過(guò)研究手機(jī)上的殘留物，我們可以得到用戶的一些信息。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“手指在手機(jī)上留下關(guān)于你的線索”。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay,“breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday”,orgiveyouadviceaboutwhyit’svitaltostartthedaywithahealthybreakfast?____16____Isitreallythatimportant?Inasense,itreallymatters.EnergyrestorationTheword“breakfast”comesfrom“breakingthefast”—theideaofendingtheperiodinwhichwedidn’teatduringthenight.Theregenerationprocessthattakesplacewhilewesleepconsumessomeofournaturalfoodreservestohealourbodies.___17___So,inthatway,ahealthybreakfastmakessense.WeightmanagementTherearealsomanyoften-quotedstudieswhichseemtolinkastateofobesitywithskippingbreakfast.___18___InaUSstudy,50,000peopleweremonitoredoversevenyears,andthosewhoateahealthybreakfastwerefoundtohavealowerBMI,whichseemstosuggestthatbreakfastmayindeedhelppeoplemaintainahealthyweight.Betterbrainfunction____19____Breakfastisalsoassociatedwithimprovedbrainfunction,includingconcentrationandlanguage.Areviewof54studiesfoundthateatingbreakfastcanimprovememory,thoughtheeffectsonotherbrainfunctionswereinconclusive.However,oneoftheresearcherssaysthereisreasonableevidencethatbreakfastdoesimproveconcentration.What’smostimportantiswhatweeatforbreakfast.High-proteinbreakfastshavebeenfoundparticularlyeffectiveinreducingfoodcravingsandconsumptionlaterintheday.However,studiesfoundthatthereisnoagreementonwhattypeofbreakfastishealthier.____20____A.Breakfasthelpsusrefilltheexhaustedstores.B.Weight-lossislikelytocausethemhealthproblems.C.Breakfasthasbeenfoundtoaffectmorethanjustweight.D.Breakfasttypesdon’tmatterasmuchassimplyeatingsomething.E.Thus,itissuggestedthatahealthybreakfastcanregulateandloseweight.F.Manypeoplearerecommendedtomanagetheirweightbyskippingmeals.G.Itseemsthatthisfeast,formanyofus,isnecessaryforourdaytostartwell.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了早餐的作用?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay,“breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday”,orgiveyouadviceaboutwhyit’svitaltostartthedaywithahealthybreakfast?”（你是否聽(tīng)過(guò)有人說(shuō)，“早餐是一天中最重要的一餐”，或者給你建議為什么以健康的早餐開(kāi)始新的一天是至關(guān)重要的？）提出有人說(shuō)早餐的重要性。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)Itseemsthatthisfeast,formanyofus,isnecessaryforourdaytostartwell.（對(duì)于我們中的許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，這場(chǎng)盛宴似乎是我們一天良好開(kāi)始的必要條件。）承接上文內(nèi)容，繼續(xù)強(qiáng)調(diào)早餐的作用，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theregenerationprocessthattakesplacewhilewesleepconsumessomeofournaturalfoodreservestohealourbodies.”（在我們睡覺(jué)時(shí)進(jìn)行的再生過(guò)程會(huì)消耗一些我們的天然食物儲(chǔ)備來(lái)治愈我們的身體。）提出晚上睡覺(jué)會(huì)消耗身體中的食物儲(chǔ)備。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)Breakfasthelpsusrefilltheexhaustedstores.（早餐幫助我們補(bǔ)充耗盡的儲(chǔ)備。）承接上文，說(shuō)明早餐可以補(bǔ)充消耗的儲(chǔ)備，照應(yīng)主題“Energyrestoration”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Therearealsomanyoften-quotedstudieswhichseemtolinkastateofobesitywithskippingbreakfast.”（還有許多經(jīng)常被引用的研究似乎將肥胖狀態(tài)與不吃早餐聯(lián)系起來(lái)。）提出關(guān)于肥胖與早餐的研究。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)E項(xiàng)Thus,itissuggestedthatahealthybreakfastcanregulateandloseweight.（因此，建議健康的早餐可以調(diào)節(jié)和減肥。）給出研究的結(jié)論：健康的早餐可以調(diào)節(jié)體重和減肥，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】第三段中介紹了健康早餐可以調(diào)節(jié)體重和減肥，設(shè)空句下文“Breakfastisalsoassociatedwithimprovedbrainfunction,includingconcentrationandlanguage.”（早餐還能改善大腦功能，包括注意力和語(yǔ)言能力。）提出新的功能：改善大腦功能。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)Breakfasthasbeenfoundtoaffectmorethanjustweight.（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，早餐影響的不僅僅是體重。）承上啟下，句中“morethanjustweight”照應(yīng)第三段內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“However,studiesfoundthatthereisnoagreementonwhattypeofbreakfastishealthier.”（然而，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)于哪種類型的早餐更健康，人們并沒(méi)有一致的看法。）提出對(duì)于早餐類型沒(méi)有確定的說(shuō)法，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Breakfasttypesdon’tmatterasmuchassimplyeatingsomething.（早餐的種類并不重要，重要的是吃點(diǎn)東西。）承接上文，說(shuō)明早餐類型并不重要，但是一定要吃早餐，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)、完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)DoyouenjoytheOlympics?Icertainlydo.Everyfouryearswegettoseethebestofthebestcompetingforthe___21___.Butsometimesthebestinspiration___22___thosewhodon’twin.In1988,EddieEdwardsbecamethefirstathletesince1928torepresentGreatBritaininOlympicskijumping.Hehadnomoney,noequipment,no___23___—andsomecalledhimthegreatBritishloser.“Whenyou___24___,it’sprobablyabout500or600feethigh.Soyoudohavetobenotalittle___25___togodown,butprobablyalot.”Eddierecalled,“Igotoutandthecrowdstarted___26___‘Eddie!Eddie!’.It’sthemost___27___feelingintheworld.”HowdidEddiedo?Eddie’sBritishrecordof71meters___28___himin58thplace—19metersbehindthecompetitorwhoplaced57th.Butitdidn’t___29___.Hisfanslovedhimforotherreasons.IfyouaskanyoneinBritain,“WhowontheOlympicskijumpin1988?”Almostnoonecouldtellyou.____30____,ifyouask,“WhoisEddieEdwards?”They’lltellyouallaboutthecrazyskijumpguywhotheystillrememberand____31____tothisday.TheBritishpeoplewereproudofhimforjusttrying,thus____32____didn’tmatterabit.Hewillbeforeverand____33____memorizedbyhiscountryfordoingwhatnooneelsehaddonein60years.Sowhat____34____thingareyouafraidtodo?TakeEddie’sexampleandjustgoforit.Youmightjustbecomea____35____.21.A.bonus B.praise C.medals D.profits22.A.makesup B.callsfor C.tracksdown D.comesfrom23.A.fans B.coaches C.friends D.competitors24.A.lookdown B.walkaround C.climbup D.stepforward25.A.stupid B.expert C.crazy D.curious26.A.whispering B.shouting C.singing D.laughing27.A.exciting B.relaxing C.frightening D.annoying28.A.followed B.impressed C.titled D.landed29.A.work B.change C.matter D.remain30.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Moreover31.A.blame B.recognize C.contact D.admire32.A.sweating B.losing C.training D.falling33.A.fondly B.hardly C.equally D.simply34.A.suitable B.positive C.competitive D.adventurous35.A.joke B.legend C.loser D.winner【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.D32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了英國(guó)的艾迪參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)雖然失敗了，人民仍然為他的努力感到驕傲，成為傳奇人物，他的精神激勵(lì)著人們前行。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每四年，我們都能看到最優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員爭(zhēng)奪獎(jiǎng)牌。A.bonus獎(jiǎng)金；B.praise表?yè)P(yáng)；C.medals獎(jiǎng)牌；D.profits利潤(rùn)。根據(jù)前文“DoyouenjoytheOlympics?”和“Everyfouryearswegettoseethebestofthebestcompetingfor”可知，最優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員爭(zhēng)奪奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的獎(jiǎng)牌。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：但有時(shí)最好的靈感來(lái)自那些沒(méi)有獲勝的人。A.makesup組成；B.callsfor需要；C.tracksdown追蹤；D.comesfrom來(lái)自。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和前文“Butsometimesthebestinspiration”以及后文“thosewhodon’twin”可知，但有時(shí)最好的靈感來(lái)自那些沒(méi)有獲勝的人，引出下文講艾迪參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)失敗了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒(méi)有錢，沒(méi)有裝備，沒(méi)有教練——有人說(shuō)他是英國(guó)的失敗者。A.fans粉絲；B.coaches教練；C.friends朋友；D.competitors競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和前文“EddieEdwardsbecamethefirstathletesince1928torepresentGreatBritaininOlympicskijumping.Hehadnomoney,noequipment”可知，艾迪·愛(ài)德華茲成為自1928年以來(lái)第一位代表英國(guó)參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)跳臺(tái)滑雪比賽的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，他沒(méi)有錢，沒(méi)有設(shè)備，由此推知，他沒(méi)有教練。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)你往下看時(shí)，它可能有500或600英尺高。所以你一定要很瘋狂才能下去，但可能要瘋狂到不行?！盇.lookdown向下看；B.walkaround四處走；C.climbup往上爬；D.stepforward向前進(jìn)。根據(jù)后文“it’sprobablyabout500or600feethigh”可知，當(dāng)你往下看時(shí)，它可能有500或600英尺高。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)你往下看時(shí)，它可能有500或600英尺高。所以你一定要很瘋狂才能下去，但可能要瘋狂到不行。”A.stupid愚蠢的；B.expert專業(yè)的；C.crazy瘋狂的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)前文“it’sprobablyabout500or600feethigh”可知，它可能有500或600英尺高，由此推知，你一定要很瘋狂才能下去。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：艾迪回憶道：“我一出來(lái)，人群就開(kāi)始大喊‘艾迪！艾迪！’這是世界上最令人興奮的感覺(jué)?！盇.whispering耳語(yǔ)；B.shouting喊叫；C.singing唱；D.laughing嘲笑。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和前文“Igotoutandthecrowdstarted”以及后文“‘Eddie!Eddie!’”可知，此處指艾迪一出來(lái)，觀看人群就開(kāi)始呼喊他的名字。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：艾迪回憶道：“我一出來(lái)，人群就開(kāi)始大喊‘艾迪！艾迪！’這是世界上最令人興奮的感覺(jué)。”A.exciting令人興奮的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.frightening令人恐懼的；D.annoying使人生氣的。根據(jù)前文“Igotoutandthecrowdstarted___6___‘Eddie!Eddie!’.”可知他一出來(lái)，觀看人群就開(kāi)始大喊‘艾迪！艾迪！’，由此推知，這是最令人興奮的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：艾迪的71米的英國(guó)紀(jì)錄使他落在第58位，比排名第57位的對(duì)手落后19米。A.followed跟隨；B.impressed使銘記；C.titled授予……稱號(hào)；D.landed降落，陷入。根據(jù)后文“himin58thplace—19metersbehindthecompetitorwhoplaced57th”可知，比排名第57位的對(duì)手落后19米，他落在了第58位。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但這并不重要。A.work工作；B.change改變；C.matter要緊，重要；D.remain保持不變。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和后文“thus___12___didn’tmatterabit”可知，他沒(méi)有獲勝，并不重要。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，如果你問(wèn)，“誰(shuí)是艾迪·愛(ài)德華茲？”他們會(huì)告訴你關(guān)于那個(gè)瘋狂的跳臺(tái)滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)員的一切，直到今天他們?nèi)匀挥浀貌J佩他。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Besides此外；D.Moreover此外，而且。根據(jù)前文“Hisfanslovedhimforotherreasons.IfyouaskanyoneinBritain,“WhowontheOlympicskijumpin1988?”Almostnoonecouldtellyou.”與后文“if