高一英語(yǔ)校本教材

PracticalCommunicativeEnglish.Under--CollegeThereisapopularsaying,“youarewhatyoueat,”andalthoughtheremaybesometruthisthat,intheUnitedStatesamoreappropriatesayingis“youarewhatyoudo.”Inthatcountryanindividualisoftenjudgedbywhatheorshedoesforaliving.Andthemoretheydoit,thebetter!Atsocialandprofessionalgatheringsitisnotunusualforaguesttofindhim-orherselfinthemidstofmanystrangers,andpeopleareexpectedtointroducethemselvesadtostrikeupconversations.The“howdoyoudo?”isoftenfollowedby“whatdoyoudo?”IntheUnitedStatespeopletrytoprovetheirworthashumanbeingsthroughtheirachievements.Aperson’sjobprovidesself-identificationmorethanhisorherfamilynameorbackground.Theyencourageandstandinaweoftheself-madepersonwhohasgonefromragstoriches,thepersonwhohas“madeit.”Notonthebasisoffamilynamebutbyhisorherownefforts.IntheUnitedStatesthereisabeliefthatpeoplearerewardedforworking,producingandachieving.Manypeoplebelievethatthereisequalityofopportunitythatslowsanyonetobecomesuccessful.Therearesomepeoplewhodosuccessesinraisingtheireconomicandsociallevels.“Upward(occupational)mobility”or“climbingtheladder”aretermsthatrefertoone’sadvancementinwork.Manyemployeeshaveasuccessionofjobsthatconstituteacareer.Somebusiness,organizations,governmentagencies,andfirmsprovideemployeeswithopportunitiestoprogresstohigherpositions.Promotionsandincreasedresponsibilitygenerallybringhighersalaries.Rewardsforachievementinworkarepersonalaswellasfinancial.Thereisincreasedsatisfactionwhenemployeeshavetheopportunitytodevelopcreativeandintellectualskills.Gainingrecognitionfromfellowworkers,supervisors,andmanagersgivesoneasenseofimportanceandidentityinsociety.Thesevalueshelpproducemanyworkaholics—peoplewhoareaddictedtotheirwork—butthisisnotsaythatAmericansdon’tenjoytheirleisuretime.Theydo,buttheyusuallykeepleisureseparatefromwork.Mostofthemliketoworkhardandplayhard.Suchanachievement-orientedsocietyisboundtoproduceplentyofcompetition,becauseitisonlybycompetingwithothersforthesliceofthepiethatpeoplewinsuccess.Thenegativeeffectsofacompetitivesocietycanbeseenintheiroftenstrainedinterpersonalrelations.Thesearisebecauseinanycompetitivesituation,someonehastolose.ForeveryAmericanwhofitsthismold,youcanfindonewhodoesn’t.NotallAmericansfitintothemainstream;someremainoutsidebychoiceandothersbecauseofcircumstancebeyondtheircontrol.Foreverypersonwhodoesliketowork,youcanfindonewhodoesn’t.EachtypecontributestothediversityofAmericanculture.Insomenationsitisconsidereddisloyaltoquitajob;deepreciprocalloyaltiesexistbetweenemployeeandemployer.Lifelongjobsecurityandfamilyhonorarefrequentlyinvolved.ThisisnottrueintheUnitedStates.“Jobhopping”ispartoftheconstantmobility.Americansconsiderita“right”tobeabletobetterthemselves,tomoveupward,tojumpfromcompanytocompanyiftheycankeepqualifyingformostresponsible(andthereforebetter)jobs.Theemployermaybequitecontenttoo.Perhapshehashadthebestofthatman’sthinking;anewpersonmaybringinfreshideals,improvedskills,ornewabilities.Then,too,anewcomerwillprobablystartatalowsalaryforhewillhavenoseniority.Hoppingissoreadilyaccepted,infact,thatagoodmanmaybouncebackandforthamongtwoorthreecorporations,beingwelcomedbacktohisoriginalcompanymorethanoncethroughhiscareer,eachtimeatdifferentlevel.一、Greetings問候語(yǔ)1.Hello!/Hi!你好！2.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening!早晨（下午/晚上）好！3.I'mKathyKing.我是凱西·金。4.AreyouPeterSmith?你是彼得·史密斯嗎？5.Yes,Iam./No,I'mnot.是，我是。/不，我不是。6.Howareyou?你好嗎？7.Fine,thanks.Andyou?很好，謝謝，你呢？8.I'mfine,too.我也很好。9.HowisAmy/yourwife/yourhusband?愛米好嗎？/你妻子好嗎？/你丈夫好嗎？10.Sheisverywell,thankyou.她很好，謝謝。11.Goodnight,Jane.晚安，簡(jiǎn)。12.Good-bye,Mike.再見，邁克。13.Seeyoutomorrow.明天見。14.Seeyoulater.待會(huì)兒見。15.Ihavetogonow.我必須走了。二、ExpressionInClass課堂用語(yǔ)16.MayIcomein?我能進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？17.Comein,please.請(qǐng)進(jìn)。18.Sitdown,please.請(qǐng)坐。19.It'stimeforclass.上課時(shí)間到了。20.Openyourbooksandturntopage20.打開書，翻到第20頁(yè)。21.I'llcalltherollbeforeclass.課前我要點(diǎn)名。22.Here!到！23.Haseverybodygotasheet?每個(gè)人都拿到材料了嗎？24.Anydifferentopinion?有不同意見嗎？25.Areyouwithme?你們跟上我講的了嗎？26.HaveImademyselfclear?我講明白了嗎？27.Couldyousayitagain?你能再說(shuō)一遍嗎？28.Anyquestions?有什么問題嗎？29.That'sallfortoday.今天就講到這里。30.Pleaseturninyourpaperbeforeleaving.請(qǐng)?jiān)陔x開前將論文交上。三、IdentifyingObjects辨別物品31.What'sthis?這是什么？32.It'sapen.是支筆。33.Isthisyourhandbag?這是你的手提包嗎？34.No,itisn't./Yes,itis.不，它不是。/是的，它是。35.Whosepenisthis?這是誰(shuí)的筆？36.It'sKate's.是凱特的。37.Isthatacar?那是一輛小汽車嗎？38.No,itisn't.It'sabus.不，那是一輛公共汽車。39.WhatdoyoucallthisinEnglish?這個(gè)用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)？40.Whatisthecolorofyournewbook?你的新書是什么顏色的？41.Howbigisyourhouse?你的房子有多大？42.Howlongisthestreet?這條街有多長(zhǎng)？43.What'sthenameofthecat?這貓叫什么名字？44.Where'sthecompany?那個(gè)公司在哪兒？45.Whichistherightsize?哪個(gè)尺碼是對(duì)的？50.Letmesee．讓我想想。51.Nevermind．不要緊。52.Noproblem!沒問題!53.That‘sall!就這樣!54.Timeisup．時(shí)間快到了。55.What‘snew?有什么新鮮事嗎?56.Countmeon算上我。57.Don‘tworry．別擔(dān)心。58.Feelbetter?好點(diǎn)了嗎?59.Iloveyou!我愛你!60.I‘mhisfan。我是他的影迷。61.Isityours?這是你的嗎?62.That‘sneat．這很好。63.Areyousure?你肯定嗎?64.Dolhaveto非做不可嗎?65.Heismyage．他和我同歲。66.Hereyouare．給你。67.Nooneknows.沒有人知道。68.Takeiteasy．別緊張。69.Whatapity!太遺憾了!70.Anythingelse?還要?jiǎng)e的嗎?71.Tobecareful!一定要小心!72.Hecamebytrain．他乘火車來(lái)。73.Helpyourself．別客氣。74.I‘monadiet．我在節(jié)食。75.KeepinTouch．保持聯(lián)絡(luò)。76.Timeismoney．時(shí)間就是金錢。77.Who‘scalling?是哪一位?78.Youdidright．你做得對(duì)。79.Yousetmeup!你出賣我!80.CanIhelpyou?我能幫你嗎?81.Enjoyyourself!祝你玩得開心!82.Excuseme，Sir．先生，對(duì)不起。83.Givemeahand!幫幫我!84.How‘sitgoing?怎么樣?85.Ihavenoidea．我沒有頭緒。86.Ijustmadeit!我做到了!87.I‘llseetoit我會(huì)留意的。88.I‘minahurry!我在趕時(shí)間!89.It‘sherfield．這是她的本行。90.It‘suptoyou．由你決定。91.Justwonderful!簡(jiǎn)直太棒了!92.Whataboutyou?你呢?93.Youowemeone．你欠我一個(gè)人情。94.You‘rewelcome．不客氣。95.Anydaywilldo．哪一天都行夕96.Areyoukidding?你在開玩笑吧!97.Congratulations!祝賀你!98.Ican‘thelpit.我情不自禁。99.Idon‘tmeanit.我不是故意的。100.I‘llfixyouUp．我會(huì)幫你打點(diǎn)的。101o!Is(Tom)in?

102Nicetomeetyou.I'mBillDillon.

103Niceday,isn'tit?

104I'lltakeallofthem.

105MayI/CouldIspeakto…?

106Isthat…(speaking)?Yes,itis

107Howiseverythinggoing?

108Haveanicetrip.

109Thisis…(speaking).

110Lookslikerain,doesn'tit?

111ShallIopenthewindowforyou?

112Holdon(foramoment),please./Justamoment,please./Waitamoment,please.

113Whoisthat?/CanIaskwho'scalling?

114Canyoutellmethewaytothenearestbusstop?

115Hi!I'mJudyDrew.

116Whydon'tyouuseaknife?

117I'mafraidhe/sheisn'there/inrightnow.

118CanItakeamessageforyou?

119Willyougivehimamessage,please?

120-Doeshe/shehaveyournumber?

v--Perhapsnot.Mynumberis….

121Howaboutgoingforawalk?

122Thelineisbusy.I'lltryagainlater.

123Whichisthewaytothenearestpostoffice?

124I'velostacase,Iwonderifithasbeenfound.

125MayIusethetelephone?

126Ican'tgetthrough(tosb).I'lltryagainlater.

127Takeyourtime,please.

128MayItryiton?

129Ijustcalltosay…

130Wrongnumber!/I'mafraidyou'vedialedawrongnumber.

131Thelineisbad./It'snotagoodline.

132Iwanttohavealookat….

133Howmuchisit?

134Ican'tdecidewhichtobuy.

135Canyoumakeitcheaper?

136Youarewantedonthephone.

137IwonderifIcouldparkhere.

138Thereisacallforyou.

139Wouldyoupleasenotsmokehere?

140You'rewelcome

141CanItalktoyou?能和你談一下嗎？

142Canwetalk?能一塊兒談?wù)剢幔?/p>

143Let’stalk.我們談?wù)劙伞?/p>

144Excuseme.Yougotaminute?對(duì)不起，能耽誤你一分鐘嗎？

145MayIhaveawordwithyou?能和你說(shuō)句話嗎？146Areyoumakingprogress?

147Didyousleepsoundlylastnight.

148Haveyougottenoveryourcold?

149Howcomeyoulooksotired?

150Whyareyouinsuchagoodmood?

151Ijuststoppedbytosayhello.

152Whatapleasantsurpriserunningintoyou.

153I'mgladIranintoyou.Wherehaveyoubeenhidinglately?

154I'vebeenthinkingaboutyoulately.Let'stalkovercoffee.

155You'rejustthemanIwanttosee.

156Ihaven'tseenyouforages/inyears/foralongtime.

157It'snicetoseeyouagain.Haveyouchangedjobs?

158HowwasyourtriptoNewYork?

159Whathaskeptyousobusy?

160MayIhaveyourname,please?

161IthinkI'veseenyoubefore.Youlookveryfamiliar.

162Say,don'tIknowyoufromsomewhere?

163Imusthaveseenyousomewherebefore.

164Haven'twemetbefore?

165Wehavetalkedofyouoften.

166Ididn'tquitecatchyourname./I'msorry.Ididn'tgetyourname.

167Howmanybrothersandsistersdoyouhave?

168Whereareyouworkingnow?

169I'vebeenlookingforwardtomeetingyou.

170I'veheardagreatdealaboutyou.

171IsthisyourfirsttriptoChina?/HaveyoueverbeentoGuangzhou?

172WhatimpressedyouthemostaboutShanghai?

173MayIaskwhereyouarefrom?

174Ihopeyou'reenjoyingyourstayhere.

175Italwaystakestimetogetusedtoanewplace.

176Sorry,Icouldn'thelpoverhearing-didyoumentionsomethingabout…(對(duì)不起，我無(wú)意中聽見你們的談話，你是不是提到…)對(duì)話形式：1.A:Howareyoudoing?

B:I'mdoingfine/OK/prettywell/great/super/terrific/so-so.或:Notbad./Thesameasever./Ican'tcomplaintoomuch.(我不能太抱怨。/還不錯(cuò)。)

B:Terrible.I'vehadaheadacheallmorning.

2.A:How'sitgoing?B:Fine./Prettygood.

A:How'severythingwithyou/going？

B:Well,I'mstillaliveandkicking./Sofarsogood.

3.A:How'veyoubeen?(你近來(lái)怎么樣？)

B:Allright.或:Notmuchlately.

4.A:Howarethingswithyou/going?B:Great.

或:I'mjusttakingonedayatatime.(我只是過一天算一天。)

5.A:What'shappening?

(原意為"有什么事"，現(xiàn)在已演變成"你好嗎？"

A:What'shappeningwithyouthesedays?

B:Nothingmuch.(沒什么。)

6.A:What'snew?/What'sup?

B:Notmuch./Nothinginparticular./Nothingspecial.

7.A:Anythinginterestinghappening?

8.A:Howareyou(arethey/isshe/ishe)gettingalong?

(近來(lái)如何？)包括事業(yè)、健康狀況等等！

B:Keepingbusy.Yourself?

9.A:Howdoyoufeeltoday?B:Ifeellikeanewman.A:Mary,thisisStone'sbrotherJim.

B:I'mveryglad/pleasedAtomeetyou.

C:It'sapleasuretomeetyou./Thepleasureismine.

B:HowdoyoulikeChinasofar?/What'syourimpressionofChina?/WhatdoyouthinkofChina?

C:ItsreallydifferentfromwhatIexpected.

B:Don'tworry.You'llgetusedtoitinnotime.

還有兩個(gè)特別地道的問候是*What'sgoingon?和*Whatareyouupto?都表示"你在忙些什么？"，在美國(guó)電影中常聽到。

下面介紹一些用于安排約會(huì)的方法

10.Uh,areyougoingtobebusythisevening?

11.Um,Iwasthinkingofgoingtoamovietonight.Wouldyouliketocome?

12.Areyoudoinganythingtonight?Iwaswonderingifyou'dliketogotoamoviewithme.13.I'mgoingtoplaywithagroupoffriends.Wouldyouliketojoinus?

14.That'dbeverynice./I'dloveto./That'sagreatidea.

15.Sorry,I'mafraidI'mbusytonight./Tonight'saproblem.Whatabouttomorrownight?/Sorry,I'vegotpeoplecomingovertonight.(今晚有客人來(lái)。)

打電話(Makingtelephonecalls)

1.-Hello！

-Hello，Bill？

-No，thisisSam.

-Hi，Sam.ThisisMike.Howareyou？

2.-Hello.

-Hello.MayIspeaktoMrGreen

3.-No.5MiddleSchool.

-MrGreen，please.

-I'msorry.MrGreenisnotin.

-Whenwillhebeback？

-Aboutsixthisafternoon.

-Allright.I'llringagainthen.

-Verywell.

4.-Hello！

-Hello，HamMei.CouldIborrowyourChinese-EnglishDictionaryplease？

-Sorry！It'snotaverygoodline.Couldyouspeakmoreloudly？

-CouldIborrowyourChinese-Englishdictionary？

-Sure.I'llbringittoyoutomorrow.

-Thankyou.Goodbye.

問路和應(yīng)答(Askingthewayandresponses)

1.-Excuseme.Whereisthewashroom，p