人教版2019高中英語(yǔ)新教材必修一Unit5單詞詳解

人教版高中英語(yǔ)新教材必修一Unit

5billion

/?b?lj?n/

n. 十億native

/?ne?t?v/

adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的

n.本地人attitude

/??t?tju:d/

n. 態(tài)度；看法Itwashisoptimisticattitudeto\towardslifeandhardworkthatfinallyledhimtosuccess.reference

/?refr?ns/

n. 指稱關(guān)系；參考refer

/r??f?:(r)/ vi. 提到；參考；查閱

vt.查詢;叫…求助于

(referred,referred,referring)referto 指的是；描述；提到；查閱(1)refer...to... 把……提交給……referto...as... 把……稱作……(2)referencen. 提及；參考referencebooks 參考書語(yǔ)境辨義/熟詞生義①Ifyoumeetwiththecharactersyoudon'tknow,youcanrefertoadictionaryorturntoothersforhelp.查閱；參考②Wehavereachedanagreementthatwewillnotrefertothematteragain.提到③Theterm“Arts”usuallyreferstohumanitiesandsocialsciences.指的是④Asthesituationwasunusual,hereferredthemattertotheeditor.把……提交給……system

/?s?st?m/

n. 體系；制度；系統(tǒng)despite

/d??spa?t/

prep.

即使；盡管upsanddowns

浮沉；興衰；榮辱Despitetheupsanddownsinhislife,MrBrownneverstopslearningnewthings.factor

/?f?kt?(r)/

n.

因素；要素based

/be?st/

adj. 以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的；以……為重要部分(或特征)的base

/be?s/

vt.

以…為據(jù)點(diǎn)；以……為基礎(chǔ)

n.

底部；根據(jù)(1)base...on/upon... 把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)之上bebasedon/upon 以……為基礎(chǔ)(2)basicadj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的(3)basisn. 基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)onaregularbasis 定期onthebasisof... 根據(jù)……單句語(yǔ)法填空①Based(base)ontheearthquakethatstruckTangshanin1976,themovieAfterShockisextremelystriking.②Candidateswillbematchedwithataskbased(base)onskillset.③Itisremendedthatweshouldconductphysicalexaminationonaregularbasis(base)．句式升級(jí)④Thenovelwasbasedonaninterestingstoryanditwaswellworthreading.→Based_on_an_interesting_story,_thenovelwaswellworthreading.(分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))→Thenovelbased_on_an_interesting_storywaswellworthreading.(分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))dateback

(to...)

追溯到Accordingtotheexpert,thetemplehasahistorydatingbacktotheearlyTangDynasty.(1)datebackto＝datefrom 追溯到……gobackto 追溯到……(2)outofdate 過(guò)時(shí)的，陳舊的uptodate 最近的，新式的，現(xiàn)代的(3)setadatefor... 確定……的日期makeadatewithsb 與某人約會(huì)/預(yù)約單句語(yǔ)法填空①Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistorydating(date)backtomorethan1，000yearsago.②Dating(date)from1933,theSouthLakeParkinChangchunislocatedinthesouthwesternpartoftheChangchuncity.一句多譯無(wú)“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”的短語(yǔ)：datefrom=datebackto 追溯到②eintobeing 誕生③takeplace 發(fā)生④belongto 屬于⑤eintoexistence 成立；開始存在⑥breakout 發(fā)生bone

/b??n/

n. 骨頭；骨(質(zhì))

shell /?el/

n. 殼；殼狀物symbol

/?s?mbl/

n.

符號(hào)；象征carve

/kɑ:v/

vt.&vi

雕刻dynasty

/?d?n?sti/

n. 王朝；朝代variety

/v??ra??ti/

n.

(植物、語(yǔ)言等的)變體；異體；多樣化單句語(yǔ)法填空/詞匯(句式)升級(jí)①Theresearchteamismadeupofthepupils,whoseagesvaryfrom10to15.②Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium.Ithasallkindsofwell-equippedfacilities.→Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium，which_has_varieties_of/a_variety_of_well-equipped_facilities.(升級(jí)加藍(lán)詞；定語(yǔ)從句)[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納avarietyof=varietiesof種類繁多的；各種各樣的(2)varyv.不同；變化；改變varyfrom...to...從……到……不等；在……到……之間變動(dòng)(3)variousadj.不同的；各種各樣的forvariousreasons由于種種原因難點(diǎn)解釋avarietyof/varietiesof既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。該短語(yǔ)修飾可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；修飾不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。③Foryourvisithere,avarietyofactivitieshave_been_arranged(arrange)byfar.④Avarietyofusefulinformationis_offered(offer)onthatwebsite,andthatiswhyitissopopular.major

/?me?d??(r)/

adj. 主要的；重要的;大的

n.主修課程；主修學(xué)生

vi.主修；專門研究根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出major的含義。A．a(chǎn)dj.主要的；重要的 B．n.主修課程；主修學(xué)生C．vi.主修；專門研究1．Atthesametime,putergamesarebeingincreasinglypopularasmajorpublishinghousescontinuetodevelopeducationalputerprogramsforchildreninpreschool.__A__2．Ilovepaintingverymuch.Istartedlearningpaintingatanearlyageandchosepaintingartandhistoryasmymajorincollege.__B__3．AsfarasIknow,MaryismajoringinFrenchatStanfordUniversity.__C__(單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子)①Infact,heencouragesmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.②Womenarein_the_majorityinthepanywhilemenarein_the_minority.在這家公司，女性占大多數(shù)，而男性占少數(shù)。[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納(1)majorin主修……(2)majorityn.大多數(shù)；大半a/themajorityof...大多數(shù)……inthe/amajority占多數(shù)(3)minorityn.少數(shù)inthe/aminority占少數(shù)難點(diǎn)解釋a/themajorityof后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；后接不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；后接集合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若集合名詞視為整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若集合名詞視為個(gè)體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。③Themajorityofthelandhas_been_destroyed(destroy)sofar.④Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswere(be)reallyfunny.nomatterwhere,who,what,etc.

不論……；不管……

Nomatterwhich/Whichevertouristattractionyouvisit,you'dbettereatvariouslocalfoodandexperiencelocalculturesandcustoms.無(wú)論你參觀哪個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)，你最好去吃各種當(dāng)?shù)匦〕?，體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕惋L(fēng)俗。(nomatter＋特殊疑問(wèn)詞)dialect /'da??lekt/

n. 地方話；方言means

/mi:nz/

n. 方式；方法；途徑(1)bythismeans通過(guò)這種方法bymeansof 借助……手段byallmeans 一定，務(wù)必；當(dāng)然可以bynomeans 決不(2)ameansofmunication 一種交際工具單句語(yǔ)法填空①Everypossiblemeanshas_been_used(use)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.②Allpossiblemeanshave_been_used(use)tostoptheriverfrombeingpolluted.③Studentsbuilduptheirvocabulariesbymeansofreadingmore.微寫作④你最好事先練習(xí)用筷子，這也是展示你良好餐桌禮儀的一種方式。Andyou'dbetterpracticeusingchopsticksinadvance,whichisalso_a_means_of_showing_your_good_table_manners.classic

/?kl?s?k/

adj. 傳統(tǒng)的；最優(yōu)秀的；典型的

n.經(jīng)典作品；名著regard

/r??gɑ:d/

n. 尊重；關(guān)注

vt.把……視為；看待character

/'k?r?kt?(r)/

n. 文字；符號(hào)；角色；品質(zhì)；特點(diǎn)calligraphy

/k??l?ɡr?fi/

n. 書法；書法藝術(shù)global

/'gl??b?l/

adj. 全球的；全世界的affair

/??fe?(r)/

n. 公共事務(wù)；事件；關(guān)系appreciate

/?'pri:?ie?t/

vt.

欣賞；重視；感激；領(lǐng)會(huì)

vi.增值(1)appreciate＋名詞/代詞/動(dòng)詞-ing形式 重視/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif... 如果……，我將不勝感激[聯(lián)想]當(dāng)appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等詞后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般先加it作形式賓語(yǔ)，然后再接賓語(yǔ)從句。appreciate＋that/wh-從句 理解/意識(shí)到……(2)express/conveyone'sappreciationtosb 向某人表達(dá)感激之情單句語(yǔ)法填空①Iappreciatebeing_given(give)theopportunitytoworkinyourpanytwoyearsago.②Frommypointofview,weshouldlearnto_appreciate(appreciate)lifeandholdapositiveattitudedespitetheupsanddowns.③I'mwritingtoexpressmyappreciation(appreciate)forwhatyoudidformeduringmystayinLondon.④如果你愿意幫助我們，我將非常感激?！鶬'd_appreciate_it_if_youarewillingtogiveahelpinghandtous.(appreciate)→I_would_be_very_grateful_ifyouarewillingtodousafavour.(grateful)specific

/sp??s?f?k/

adj. 特定的；明確的；具體的CE

/?si:

?i:/

(monEra)

公元struggle

/?str?gl/

n.&vi.斗爭(zhēng)；奮斗；搏斗(1)strugglefor... 為……而斗爭(zhēng)strugglewith/againstsb/sth 與某人/某事做斗爭(zhēng)struggletodosth 努力做某事struggletoone'sfeet 掙扎著站起來(lái)(2)Itisastruggle(forsb)todosth (對(duì)于某人而言)做某事真是難事單句語(yǔ)法填空①Atpresent,Chinahastostruggleagainst/withallkindsofdifficultiesathomeandabroad.②Somefarmerswouldliketoleavetheirhometownandgotoworkincities,struggling_to_provide(provide)bettereducationfortheirchildren.③在短片中，你可以了解到我校一直在為更美好的未來(lái)而努力。Intheshortfilm,youcanlearnthatmyschoolhasbeenstruggling_for_a_better_future．tongue /t??/

n. 舌頭；語(yǔ)言pointofview 觀點(diǎn)；看法semester /s??mest?(r)/

n. 學(xué)期gas

/ɡ?s/

n. 汽油；氣體；燃?xì)鈖etrol

/'petr?l/

n.

(NAmE

gas)

汽油subway

/'s?bwe?/

n. (BrE

underground)

地鐵apartment

/?'pɑ:tm?nt/

n. (especiallyNAmE)

公寓套房pants /p?nts/

n.

[pl.](BrE

)內(nèi)褲；短褲；(especiallyNAmE

)褲子beg

/beg/

vt.

懇求；祈求；哀求equal

/'i:kw?l/

n. 同等的人；相等物

adj.

相同的；同樣的(1)beequalto(doing)sth 勝任(做)某事(2)equalsb/sthin(doing)sth 在(做)某事上比得過(guò)(3)havenoequal＝withoutequal 無(wú)與倫比(4)equalityn. 平等；相等equallyadv. 相等地；同等地；同樣地單句語(yǔ)法填空①I'mnotsurewhetherheisequaltothetask,butIstillchoosetobelievehim.②Inmyheart,MichaelJordaniswithoutequalinplayingbasketball.③FascinatedbythestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter,sheis_equally(equal)interestedtolearnmoreaboutChinesephilosophy.④我確信我能勝任做這個(gè)中國(guó)繪畫展的志愿者。IamconvincedthatIam_equal_to_being_a_volunteerfortheChinesepaintingexhibition.gap

/g?p/

n. 間隔；開口；差距demand

/d??mɑ:nd/

n. 要求；需求

vt.

強(qiáng)烈要求；需要

vi.查問(wèn)(1)bein(great)demand (迫切)需求mee