常用專業(yè)英語詞匯

General通用

法規(guī)，規(guī)范code

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)standard

暫行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)tentativestandard

達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)comeuptothestandard

定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)fix(setup)astandard

標(biāo)書，技術(shù)規(guī)格specification

要求

requirement

滿足要求

fulfillrequirement

細(xì)則

regulation

規(guī)則rule

法律law

條款provision

總則generalprovision

附帶條件，限制性條款proviso

判據(jù)

criterion(pl.criteria)

約定條件stipulation

合同規(guī)定

onthestipulationthat

合同contract

簽訂合同

signacontract

擬訂合同

drawupacontract

違約breachofcontract

代理人

mandatory

強(qiáng)制性的mandatory,restrictive

非強(qiáng)制性的optional

條件condition

符合conformto(with)

遵守complywith

確認(rèn)confirm

證書certificate

認(rèn)可

approve(v),approval(n.)

接收accept(v.),acceptanee(n.),

acceptable(a.)

評定

qualify(v.)qualification(n.)

滿足meet

許可

permit

拒收

reject

廢品

rejection

鑒別

identify

提交submitto

論證demonstrate

公約convention

仲裁arbitration

公證notarization

公證人

publicnotary

商檢

commodityinspection&testing

獨(dú)立檢驗員

independentinspector

業(yè)主代表

representativeofS/V

業(yè)主owner

委托人dient

2

簽署sign

要求

request

監(jiān)理員

supervisor,surveyor

檢杳鑒定survey

檢杳

inspect,check,

驗證

verify

目擊，見證witness

禁止

prohibit

建議recommend

滿意的

satisfactory

授權(quán)authorize

文件document

審查review

監(jiān)控monitor

測定detect

逐個檢驗

individualinspection

抽樣檢驗samplinginspection,crosscheck

巡檢

touringinspection,patrolinspection

評價evaluate

試驗test

實驗experiment

試樣specimen

可跟蹤性traceability

預(yù)先具有資格prequalify

判定，評價

judge

責(zé)任responsibility,obligation,duty

3

折衷，兼顧compromise

官方，管理局authority

樣本sample

保證assure

通知單notification

通知

notify(v.)notice(n.)

會議紀(jì)要

minutes

數(shù)量

quantity

質(zhì)量

quality

質(zhì)量控制

qualitycontrol(Q.C)

質(zhì)量保證

qualityassurance(Q.A)

缺陷defect

損壞

damage

臨界的critical

受控文件validdocument

停止點

holdpoint(H)

交貨delivery

竣工圖

as-builtdrawing

原始記錄originalrecord

傳閱recycle

批注comment

答復(fù)reply

緊急urgent

宣讀readout

直線度

straightness

垂直度

perpendicular

4

平整度flatness

同心度

concentricity

同軸度axiality

平行度parallelism

圓度roundness

平面度

planeness

隨機(jī)的random

不平uneven

空心hollow

同心

concentricity

偏心eccentric

表面粗糙度

surfaceroughness

尺寸公差dimensiontoleranee

允許誤差admissibleerror

上偏差

upperdeviation

下偏差lowerdeviation

尺寸dimension

長度length

寬度width

、1、<

height

厚度thickness

深度depth

跨度

span

直徑diameter

半徑radius

外徑outerdiameter

5

內(nèi)徑innerdiameter

口徑caliber

徑向跳動runout

端面跳動endfacerunout

中心線偏斜

lackofalignment

彎曲

flexure,bending

斜度

slope

角度

angle

對角線

diagonal

平行線parallel

中心線centerline

斜線

obliqueline

切線

tangentialline

輪廓線contourline

原點，起點original

指標(biāo)index

轉(zhuǎn)速rotaryspeed

方向direction

指南guide

選定choose

選擇select

挑選pick

爐批號heat/platenumber,heatbatch

爐、批lotorheat

編制drafting

簽發(fā)sign&issue

6

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聞晁

lepouu

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抽殂回“

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eoueuujojuoo-uou

AeoudjouoiAonb

心nbui

piqjosseoons

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piq1jepuei

」epueijojUOIAIAU!

eoueuujoped

分保商subcontractor

供貨商

supplier

操作錯誤operatemissing

簽證

visa

敲打檢查

hammeringtest

拉伸試驗tensiletest

沖擊韌性

impacttoughness

沖擊功

impactwork

抗拉強(qiáng)度

tensilestrength

屈服強(qiáng)度

yieldstrength

彎曲角

angleofbending

沖擊韌性試驗

impactcuppingtest

壓扁試驗

squeezingtest

側(cè)彎試驗sidebendtest

背彎試驗rootbendtest

面彎試驗facebendtest

縱彎試驗axialbendtest

硬度試驗hardnesstest

破斷延伸率

percentageofelongationofbreak

斷面收縮率percentageseductionofarea

無損檢測nondestructivetest(NDT)

破壞試驗destructivetest

外觀檢杳visualexamination

超聲波探傷ultrasonictest(UT)

射線探傷

radiographictest(RT)

磁粉探傷magneticparticletest(MT)

8

滲透探傷penetranttest(PT)

密封性試驗leaktest

氣密試驗airtighttest

壓力試驗pressuretest

水壓試驗

hydraulictest

氣壓試驗

pneumatictest

沖水試驗

fillwatertest

宏觀組織檢查

macroscopicexamination

微觀組織檢杳

microcosmicexamination

侵蝕erosion

底片

radiographictestfilm

［變形］distortion

永久變形

permanentdeformation

拱度，凸起camber

凸出

protrusion

凹進(jìn)concave

撓度deflect!on

旁彎lateralflexure

超出protrudebeyond

清除decontaminate

失敗，故障failure

斷裂fracture

塌陷，凹陷collapse

中斷discontinuity

裂縫crack

發(fā)裂flaw

9

龜裂fissure

毛細(xì)裂紋

capillarycrack

起始裂紋incipientcrack

斷層裂紋

faultfissure

積水

stagnantwater

船艙cabin

Processing力口工工藝

加工

processing,working

工藝學(xué)

technology

工藝技術(shù)

technique

工藝的

technologic

工位

station,position

工序procedure,operation

工步

step

車間shop,workshop

工廠

mill,factory,manufacturer

工地、現(xiàn)場site

外場yard,field

側(cè)面side

斷面section

結(jié)構(gòu)structure,construct!on

構(gòu)件部件member,component

零件

part,element

10

機(jī)構(gòu)mechanism

裝置device

機(jī)件machinery

機(jī)械零件mechanicalelement

基準(zhǔn)datum

水平基準(zhǔn)線horizontalreferenceline

精度accuracy

余量allowanee

組件assemble

分裝件subassemble

包裝

package

外協(xié)件

cooperation

外購件

purchasepart

備件sparepart

裸裝件nudes

散裝件oddlot,odds&ends

拆包unpackaging

工件

workpiece

裝箱單packinglist

［焊接］welding

對接焊buttwelding

角焊filletwelding

搭接焊lapwelding

船形焊filletweldingindownhand

塞焊

plugwelding

平焊downhandwelding

11

橫焊horizontaipositionwelding

立焊

verticalpositionwelding

仰焊overheadpositionwelding

全位置焊allpositionwelding

平角焊

horizontaifilletwelding

仰角焊

filletweldingintheoverhead

襯墊焊weldingwithbacking

單面焊雙面成形one-sideweldingwithback

format!on

定位焊

tackwelding

堆焊

surfacing

返修焊rewelding

補(bǔ)焊

repairwelding

隔離層堆焊buttering

手工焊

manualwelding

自動焊

automaticwelding

用條電弧焊

shieldedmetalarcwelding(SMAW)

埋弧焊submergedarcwelding(SAW)

氣保焊

gasshieldedarcwelding

氯弧焊

argonarcwelding

鴇極筑弧焊

argontungstenarcwelding

熔化極惰性氣體保護(hù)焊MIG

鴇極惰性氣體保護(hù)焊TIG

活性氣體保護(hù)電弧焊

metalactive-gasarcwelding(MAG)

co氣保焊carbon-dioxidearcwelding

藥芯焊絲co氣保焊arcosarcprocess,dualshieldedarcweldi

ng

12

單面焊weldingbyoneside

雙面焊

weldingbybothsides

單道焊singlepasswelding

多道焊multi-passwelding

單層焊

singlelayerwelding

多層焊

multi-layerwelding

連續(xù)焊

continuouswelding

斷續(xù)焊

intermittentwelding

打底焊

backingwelding

蓋面焊cosmeticwelding

分段退焊

backstepwelding

縱縫

Iongitudinalseam

橫縫transverseseam

環(huán)縫circumferentialseam

螺旋縫

spiralseam

坡口

groove

坡口面grooveface

坡口面角度bevelangle

坡口角度

grooveangle

坡口高度groovedepth

鈍邊rootface

鈍邊高度thicknessofrootface

根部間隙rootgap

根部半徑rootradius

根部銳邊

rootedge

I型坡口

squaregroove

13

坡形板邊（削薄）taperededge

焊縫表面weldface

焊縫背面backofweld

焊縫尺寸

sizeofweld

焊縫厚度throatthickness

熔深

penetration

焊縫成形appearaneeofweld

余高reinforcement

背面余高rootreinforcement

焊腳

leg

焊根weldroot

焊趾weldtoe

凸形角焊縫convexfilletweld

凹形角焊縫concavefilletweld

交錯斷續(xù)角焊縫

staggeredintermittentfilletweld

并列斷續(xù)角焊縫chainintermittentfilletweld

密封焊縫sealweld

熔透焊縫penetrationbead

保留墊板

permanent

臨時墊板temporarybacking

墊板backing

銅墊板

copperbacking,copperchillplate

焊劑墊fluxbacking

引弧板run-ontabendtab

引出板run-offtabendtab

引弧

arcstart,arcburning

14

熄弧arcoutage,arcblowout

焊接工藝評定weldingqualificationprocedure

(WPQ)

焊接工藝規(guī)程weldingspecificatioprocedure

n(WPS)

焊接工藝參數(shù)

weldingparameter

焊工考試welderqualificationtest

焊接電流weldingcurrent

電弧電壓

arcvoltage

焊接速度

weldtravelspeed

預(yù)熱

preheat

后熱postheat

層間溫度interpasstemperature

焊后熱處理postweldheattreatment

焊接環(huán)境weldingsurroundings

清根rootbackgouged,backchipping

清渣slagremoval

定位板（馬〕strong-back

電弧偏吹arcflow

熔滴

droplet

拼接

splice

焊縫清理

weldcleaning

氣刨

gouge

批鑿

chip

錘擊

peening

捻縫caulking

中間焊層

intermediateweldlayer

15

劃線markoff

熔渣

slag

焊縫穿越孔weldaccesshole

焊態(tài)

as-weld

過熱組織overheatedstructure

魏氏組織Widmannst?ttenstructure

層狀偏析lamellarsegregation

熔合線boundline

熱影響區(qū)

heat-affectedzone(HAZ)

碳當(dāng)量

carbonequivalent

晶間腐蝕

intercryctallinecorrosion

敏化區(qū)腐蝕

welddecay

焊接殘余應(yīng)力

weldingresidualstress

消除應(yīng)力

stressrelieving

退火消除應(yīng)力

stressrelievingbyannealing

焊接殘余變形

weldingresidualdeformation

角變形angulardistortion

波浪變形wave-likedeformation

扭曲twisted

收縮shrinkage

反變形backwarddeformation

剛性固定rigidfixing

校正straighten

火焰校正flamestraightening

焊接缺陷welddefect

裂紋crack

16

層狀撕裂lamellartearing

氣孔blowhole

密集氣孔porosity

蟲形氣孔

wormhole

咬邊undercut

焊瘤overlap

凹坑

Pit

燒穿

burnthrough

塌陷

excessivepenetration

未焊透

incompletepenetration

未熔合

incompletefusion

未焊滿

Incompletelyfilledweld

根部缺陷

rootconcaving

電弧擦傷arcscratch,arcstrike

夾渣

slaginclusion

白點

fisheye

錯邊

dislocation,mismatching,misalignment

分層stratification

嵌條insert

飛濺spatter

機(jī)械擦傷

mechanicaldamage

焊縫成形差

roughweld

錘痕

hammeringpit

麻點pock

邊緣不平整

roughedge

17

剝落peel

弧坑crater

焊道曲折zigzagweld

外形規(guī)整smoothcontour

歪斜crooked

翹曲

warping

焊接材料

weldingconsumables

焊條electrode

酸性焊條

acidelectrode

堿性焊條

basicelectrode

低氫焊條

lowhydrogentypeelectrode

焊劑

weldingflux

焊絲

weldingwire

鍍銅焊絲copper-platingweldingwire

藥心焊絲flux-coredwire

電弧焊機(jī)

arcweldingmachine

弧焊電源arcweldingpowersource

焊條保溫筒thermostatforelectrode

干燥箱

dryer

地線earthlead

地線夾頭earthclamp

平臺platen

滾輪架turningroll

胎架placentas

壓縮空氣

compressedair

焊接量規(guī)

weldgauge

18

測溫筆tempilstick

打磨

grind(ground)

焊鉗electrodeholder

砂輪機(jī)grinder

鋼絲刷wirebrush

砂紙

sand-paper

砂布emerycloth

氣焊

gaswelding

氧乙烘焊

oxy-acetylenewelding

熱噴涂

thermalspraying

氣割

gascutting

電弧切割

arccutting

等離子弧切割

plasmaarccutting(PAC)

空氣等離子弧切割airplasmaarccutting

仿形切割

shapecutting

數(shù)控切割

NCcutting

碳弧氣刨carbonarcairgouging

坡口切割

bevelcutting

切割面質(zhì)量qualityofcutface

缺口notch

掛渣adheringslag

結(jié)瘤dross

周邊焊aroundwelding

電弧偏吹arcblow

焊態(tài)as-welded

焊接熔池

weldpool

19

焊接區(qū)weldregion

送絲速度

wirefeedspeed

反變形backwarddeformation

收縮變形contractiondeformation

翹曲變形deflectiondeformation

［油漆］painting

底漆

primerpainting,undercoating

中層漆intermediarypainting

面漆

finishingpainting,topcoating

鋅粉底漆硬化劑

curingagent,hardener

溶劑solvent

溶劑氣化

solventboiling

稀釋劑thinner

環(huán)氧富鋅漆

epoxyzincrichprimer

磷化漆

Phosphorizedpainting

瀝青

asphalt

表面預(yù)處理surfacepretreatment

噴砂sandblasting

噴丸shotblasting

除銹rustremoval,derusting

除漆depainting

脫脂，除油Degreasing,degrease

除氧化皮scaling

噴涂spraypainting

刷涂brushing

防銹antirust

20

輯涂roller-painting

電鍍

electroplating

鍍鋅galvanized

膩子putty

刮膩子

puttying

擦凈

scouring

晾干airing

嵌填implant

防滑面漆

finishingnon-slippaint

清漆

varnish

防銹漆

rustpreventivepaint(oil)

防銹脂

antirustgrease

防銹紙

rustpreventivepaper

攪拌stirring

條紋狀涂層

stripecoating

色素

pigment

沉淀sediment

無空氣噴漆

airlessspray

相對濕度relativeairhumidity

濕度計moisturegauge,psychomotor

粗躁度profileroughness

干膜厚度

dryfilmthickness(D.F.T)

濕膜厚度wetfilmthickness(W.F.T.)

膜厚儀filmthicknessgauge

粘度計

viscositymeter

露天

open

21

含水量moisturecontent

混合比例

mixingratio

風(fēng)向fanangle

清潔度

cleanliness

覆蓋度

coverage

露點測量器

dewpointcalculation

汽化flashoff

再噴涂最小間隔

minimumrecoatinginterval

附著力試驗paintadhereneetest,cross-hatch

test

附著力adhesion

密度

density

起泡

blistering

氣泡

bubble

氣孔

blowhole

針孔

pinhole

起皺

wrinkling,crumple

凹坑pitting

流淌

running

流掛

sagging

起皮peeling

桔皮狀

orangepeeling

發(fā)黑

blackening

泛黃

yellowing

開裂cracking

顏色和光澤不均勻unevencolour&gloss

22

涂層中夾灰和砂retentionofdust&sand

厚度不均勻uneventhicknessoffilm

露底holiday

剝落

peeloff

脫皮

spalling

刷痕brushmark

滲色

bleed!ng

自然老化

weathering

飛漆

overspray

漆渣

paintdregs

油漆燒焦

burnt&charredpaint

褪色

discolour;fading

粉狀表面

powderysurface

污染contarnination

鱗片lamination

刮痕scratch

堆積accumulation

混濁膜