2021-2022學(xué)年江西省九校高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

2021-2022學(xué)年江西省九校高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷總分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.TheDonghuPark.B.TheHistory2.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehastoleavehisfriends.B.Hehastomeetmanypeople.C.Hehastomovetoanewcity.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aplaceofinterest.B.Atrip.C.Akindoffood.4.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hehasafever.B.Hehasaheadache.C.Hehasacough.5.Whatcolordresswillthewomanbuy?A.Purple.B.WhiteC.Red.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatmakesthewomangoodatplayingtennis?A.Shehasbeenplayingtennisforsixyears.B.Shestartedplayingtennisatanearlyage.C.Shepracticesinafamoustrainingcenter.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Makeextramoneyasatrainer.B.Findanexperiencedteacher.C.Havearestfromatightschedule.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8-10題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthesingingcompetition?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Excited.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Goforawalk.B.WatchTV.C.Practicesinging.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11-13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inacar.12.Whydidthemanwalkupthestairstheotherday?A.Hewasonadiet.B.Hewantedtoexercise.C.Theliftbrokedown.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofdeliveryfoods?A.Delicious.B.Unhealthy.C.Expensive.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14-17題。14.Inwhichyeardidthemanstarttovolunteer?A.2014.B.2020.C.2015.15.Whatisthereasonforthemantochoosetovolunteerafterretirement?A.Findingagoodwaytokilltime.B.Puttinghisexperienceandknowledgetouse.C.Developinganewhobby.16.Whatvolunteerjobisthemandoingnow?A.Beingaguide.B.Offeringfoodtothehomeless.C.Teachinginlocalschools.17.Whatdoesthemangainfromvolunteering?A.Freeeducation.B.Asenseofpurpose.C.Loveforlife.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18-20題。18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Theplanfortheday.B.Thecoursesfortheterm.C.Thehistoryoftheschool.19.Whenarethevisitorsexpectedtobeseatedintheschoolhall?A.At9:30.B.At9:00.C.At8:45.20.Whatcanthevisitorslearnaboutthesciencelabs?A.Thelabscovertechnicalworkshops.B.Thelabsarewellequipped.C.Thelabsareonthe2ndfloor.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABecauseofthespreadofCOVID-19,manystudentsareforcedtostudyathome.Butparentsareworriedabouthowtheirchildrencanlearnmoreefficiently.Thefollowingwebsitesmightgiveyouaclue.ScratchWithScratch,youcanprogramyourowninteractivestories,games,andanimations—andshareyourcreationswithothersintheonlinecommunity.Scratchcanbedownloadedfreeofcharge.Scratchisdesignedespeciallyforages8to16,butisusedbypeopleofallages.Scratchisusedinmorethan150differentcountriesandavailableinmorethan40languages.Mr.BobMr.Bobisascienceteacher,author,maker,andpresenterthatknowshowtosharetheworldofscience.BobencouragesparentsandteacherstopracticeRandomActsofSciencebyprovidinginstructionsandvideosforinteractivescienceexperimentsonhiswebsite.Bobhasalsocoauthoredaverypopularseriesofscienceadventurebooksforkids.OxfordOwlforSchoolOxfordOwlforSchoolishometoonlineteaching,learningandassessmentresourcesandexpertsupportforprimaryschools.Freeteaching,learningandassessmentresourcesareprovided,includingbookrecommendations,storytellingvideos,activitysheetsandteachingnotes.Withalibraryoffree,tablet-friendlyeBooks,you’llfindtheperfecteBookforeverypupil.TheNationalGeographicSocietyTheNationalGeographicSocietyisaglobalnonprofitorganizationtoexploreandprotectourplanet.Wefundhundredsofresearchandconservationprojectsaroundtheworldeachyearandinspirenewgenerations.OuryellowborderservestoexplorethefarthestreachesoftheEarthandbeyond.Wereachmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,withourtelevisionnetworksin172countriesandourpublicationsavailablein41languages.1.Whichwebsiteismostsuitableforsciencelovers?A.Scratch. B.Mr.Bob.C.OxfordOwlforSchool. D.TheNationalGeographicSociety.2.WhatisspecialaboutOxfordOwlforSchool?A.ItownsalibraryinAmerica. B.Itoffersmaterialsforstudentsonly.C.Itprovidesonlinebooksforfree. D.Itissuitableforstudentsofallages.3.WhatdoScratchandtheNationalGeographicSocietyhaveincommon?A.Theyhaveusersworldwide. B.Theychoosebooksforkidstoread.C.Theyaredesignedespeciallyforkids. D.Theyarebothnonprofitorganizations.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。由于COVID-19的傳播，許多學(xué)生被迫在家學(xué)習(xí)。但家長(zhǎng)們擔(dān)心他們的孩子如何才能更有效地學(xué)習(xí)。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)可以網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)的網(wǎng)站?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Mr.Bobisascienceteacher,author,maker,andpresenterthatknowshowtosharetheworldofscience.BobencouragesparentsandteacherstopracticeRandomActsofSciencebyprovidinginstructionsandvideosforinteractivescienceexperimentsonhiswebsite.Bobhasalsocoauthoredaverypopularseriesofscienceadventurebooksforkids.可知鮑勃先生是一位科學(xué)教師、作家、創(chuàng)造者和演講者，他知道如何分享科學(xué)世界。Bob通過(guò)在他的網(wǎng)站上提供互動(dòng)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的指導(dǎo)和視頻，鼓勵(lì)家長(zhǎng)和老師實(shí)踐“RandomActsofScience”。鮑勃還與人合著了一本非常受歡迎的兒童科學(xué)冒險(xiǎn)叢書(shū)。由此可知，Mr.Bob最適合科學(xué)愛(ài)好者。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Freeteaching,learningandassessmentresourcesareprovided,includingbookrecommendations,storytellingvideos,activitysheetsandteachingnotes.可知提供免費(fèi)的教學(xué)、學(xué)習(xí)和評(píng)估資源，包括書(shū)籍推薦、講故事視頻、活動(dòng)表和教學(xué)筆記。由此可知，OxfordOwlforSchool的特別之處在于免費(fèi)提供在線圖書(shū)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Scratchisusedinmorethan150differentcountriesandavailableinmorethan40languages.(Scratch在150多個(gè)不同的國(guó)家使用，并有40多種語(yǔ)言版本)以及最后一段中Wereachmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,withourtelevisionnetworksin172countriesandourpublicationsavailablein41languages.(我們的電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)遍布172個(gè)國(guó)家，我們的出版物以41種語(yǔ)言出版，我們的受眾遍及全球數(shù)百萬(wàn)人)由此可知，Scratch和TheNationalGeographicSociety的共同之處在于他們的用戶遍布全球。故選A。BAreyoutheonlychildinyourfamily?Ifso,doyouenjoyitordoyouwantmoresiblings（兄弟姐妹）?OnMay31,akeymeetingoftheCommunistPartyofChinaunveiledapolicythatwouldallowallcouplestohaveuptothreechildren.Themoveisexpectedtomaximizethepopulation'sroleindrivingeconomicandsocialgrowth,sincethisisacriticaltimeforChinatotransformtheworld'smostpopulouscountryintoapowerhouse（強(qiáng)國(guó)）withaqualityworkforce,accordingtotheNationalHealthCommission.Thethree-childpolicyisalsoexpectedtopreventthedeclineinthenation'sbirthrateandaddressthechallengeofarapidlyagingpopulation,ChinaDailyreported.China'sannualnumberofnewbornshasfallenforfouryearsinarow.Thecountry'stotalbirthrate—theaveragenumberofchildrenborntoeachwoman—stoodat1.3in2020.Thenumberisbelowtherateof2.1thatwouldmaintainastablepopulation,accordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics.Thedecliningbirthratehasalsobroughtasharpincreaseintheproportionofthepopulationaged60orabove,risingfrom10.3percentto18.7percentinthepastdecade.Anincreasinglyelderlypopulationwillincreasethecostoflaborandthepressureonthesocialsecuritynet.Italsomeanstherewillbealackofyounglaborforce.Therefore,it'snotgoodforeconomicgrowth,accordingtoChenYouhua,aprofessoratNanjingInfact,thenewbirthpolicyisasteptofurtherrelaxthefamilyplanningpolicy.Theone-childpolicywasintroducedinthe1970sandaimedtocontrolthefast-growingpopulation.Thenin2013,Chinaallowedcouplestohaveasecondchildifeitherparentwasanonlychild,andin2016,allcoupleswereallowedtohavetwochildren.However,notallpeoplehaveshowntheirsupportforthislatestpolicy.Manycouplescomplainedabouttherisingcostsofraisingachild.AnetizennamedQinfengcommented,"Highcostofeducationandboththephysicalandmentalexhaustionstoppedmefromhavingmorethanonechild."Also,manywomenarereluctant（不情愿的）togivebirthbecausethatcouldmeansacrificingtheircareerprospects,accordingtoMuGuangzong,aprofessoratPekingUniversity.Inthatcase,Munotedthatitisbettertoimplementsupportingmeasureswiththethree-childpolicy,suchasmorepreferential（優(yōu)惠）policiesforcouplesthatwouldeasetheirparentalburden.4.WhatmightNOTbethemaincauseforthenewpolicy?A.Toincreasethepopulation'srole.B.Tostopthedecliningbirthrate.C.Toimprovethechild-careservicesystem.D.Toaddressthechallengeoftheagingpopulation.5.Whatcanbeknownfromthetext?A.China'sannualnumberofnewbornshasfallenfordecades.B.Thegovernmentwillprotectthelegalrightsofwomeninemployment.C.Measureswillbetakentoimprovethehigh-qualityeducation.D.Thenewpolicyallowscouplestohaveuptothreechildren.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"implement"?A.Tocarryout. B.Togetalongwith.C.Tomakeuseof. D.Tohaveacommandof.7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveofchildrenhealthcare.B.Tointroducethenewfamilysizepolicy.CTosharehisconcernsaboutbirthrate.D.Toemphasizethephysicalandmentalexhaustion.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了即將實(shí)施的“三孩”政策?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Themoveisexpectedtomaximizethepopulation'sroleindrivingeconomicandsocialgrowth,sincethisisacriticaltimeforChinatotransformtheworld'smostpopulouscountryintoapowerhouse（強(qiáng)國(guó)）withaqualityworkforce,accordingtotheNationalHealthCommission.(國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)表示，此舉預(yù)計(jì)將最大限度地發(fā)揮人口在推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)增長(zhǎng)中的作用，因?yàn)槟壳笆侵袊?guó)將世界上人口最多的國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閾碛懈咚刭|(zhì)勞動(dòng)力的強(qiáng)國(guó)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻。)”、第四段“Thethree-childpolicyisalsoexpectedtopreventthedeclineinthenation'sbirthrateandaddressthechallengeofarapidlyagingpopulation,ChinaDailyreported.(據(jù)《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，三孩政策還有望防止中國(guó)出生率的下降，并應(yīng)對(duì)人口快速老齡化的挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，選擇項(xiàng)A、B、D在文中都提到過(guò)。選擇項(xiàng)C“完善托兒服務(wù)體系”不是新政策的主要原因。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“OnMay31,akeymeetingoftheCommunistPartyofChinaunveiledapolicythatwouldallowallcouplestohaveuptothreechildren.(5月31日，中共中央召開(kāi)重要會(huì)議，公布了一項(xiàng)政策，允許所有夫婦最多生育三個(gè)孩子。)可知，政府即將采取新政策，允許一對(duì)夫妻生育第三胎。故選D。【6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后半句“suchasmorepreferential（優(yōu)惠的）policiesforcouplesthatwouldeasetheirparentalburden.(比如為夫婦提供更多的優(yōu)惠政策，以減輕他們的負(fù)擔(dān)。)”可知，為了實(shí)施三孩政策，需要配套相應(yīng)的措施。所以implement應(yīng)為“實(shí)施”之意。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了即將實(shí)施的“三孩”政策。所以可以推斷，作者的寫(xiě)作意圖是介紹一項(xiàng)（家庭規(guī)模）新政策。故選B。CNothingfeelsmorelikesummerthananeighborhoodbarbecue.Buttheannoyanceofsummergatheringsremains:thebuzzing(嗡嗡聲)ofmosquitoesaroundourears.“Thebuzzinginyourearismostlyjustasideeffectofthemosquito'swingsbeating,”saidMichaelRiehle,aprofessorattheUniversityof“Fromadistance,mosquitoestrackcarbondioxidethatwegiveout.”RiehletoldLiveScience.“Theyflybackandforthtofollowthatconcentrationlevelbacktothesource.”Butinfact,thatbuzzingyouhearislikelyfromafemalemosquito.That'sbecausemaleandfemalemosquitoesleadverydifferentlives.Themalestypicallyhangoutandfeedonthesweetestpartofflowers;theycouldn'tcarelessaboutthehumanswanderingabout.Thefemales,however,needtofindabloodmealinordertohaveenoughenergytoproduceeggs.Assheapproaches,thefemalemosquitozerosinonbodyheatandthecarbondioxidetolandonthevictim.Thefemalemosquitousestastesensorsonherfeettodeterminewhetherthehuman,oranyblood-bearinganimal,isadequatetotapforhernextmeal.Butwhilewefeelmosquitoesbuzzingaroundourears,Riehlenotedthatmostmosquitoesarenotattractedtoourheads.Rather,thesebloodsuckersmaybemorelikelytoseekoutourfeet,whichhavebacteriathatgiveoffattractivesmelltomosquitoes.However,mostpeopleprobablydon'tnoticeamosquitobuzzingaroundtheirankles,hesaid.Anotherstudyfoundthatfemalemosquitoesweremoreattractedtomenwhohadlessdiversebacteriaontheirskinthantomenwithmorediverseskinbacteria;thesebloodsuckersalsopreferthosewhoweardarkcolors,suchasblack.8.Whatattractsmosquitoestoourhead?A.Thereismostcarbondioxide. B.Thefaceskiniseasytostickin.C.Thereexiststheirfavoritesmell. D.Theycansuckmostbloodthere.9.Whatdofemalemosquitoesusetodetermineameal?A.Hernose. B.Hersensors. C.Hereyes. D.Herears.10.Whatcolormighthelpavoidmosquitoesmostaccordingtothetext?A.Black. B.Blue. C.White. D.Red.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whydomosquitoesbuzzinourears?B.Howcanweavoidthebuzzingofmosquitoes?C.Howaremaleandfemalemosquitoesdifferent?D.Whateffectdoesthebuzzingofmosquitoeshave?【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了蚊子為什么會(huì)在人們耳邊嗡嗡以及教授MichaelRiehle的一些看法。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Fromadistance,mosquitoestrackcarbondioxidethatwegiveout.”RiehletoldLiveScience.“Theyflybackandforthtofollowthatconcentrationlevelbacktothesource.”(“從遠(yuǎn)處看，蚊子會(huì)追蹤我們排出的二氧化碳?！比鸢瑺柛嬖V生活科學(xué)網(wǎng)?！八鼈儊?lái)回飛行，跟隨濃度水平回到源頭。”)”可知，蚊子在人們頭部盤(pán)旋是因?yàn)樗鼈冏粉櫸覀冡尫诺亩趸?，根?jù)濃度水平找到二氧化碳的源頭，也就是說(shuō)頭部的二氧化碳多。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Thefemalemosquitousestastesensorsonherfeettodeterminewhetherthehuman,oranyblood-bearinganimal,isadequatetotapforhernextmeal.(雌性蚊子利用腳上的味覺(jué)傳感器來(lái)確定人類或任何帶血的動(dòng)物是否足以作為它的下一頓飯)”可知，蚊子利用腳上的味覺(jué)傳感器來(lái)判斷它們的美味。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Anotherstudyfoundthatfemalemosquitoesweremoreattractedtomenwhohadlessdiversebacteriaontheirskinthantomenwithmorediverseskinbacteria;thesebloodsuckersalsopreferthosewhoweardarkcolors,suchasblack.(另一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與皮膚細(xì)菌種類繁多的男性相比，雌性蚊子更容易被皮膚細(xì)菌種類較少的男性吸引；這些吸血鬼也喜歡穿深色衣服的人，比如黑色)”可知，蚊子喜歡深色的衣服，所以為了避蚊最好是穿淺色衣服。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Buttheannoyanceofsummergatheringsremains:thebuzzing(嗡嗡聲)ofmosquitoesaroundourears.(但夏季聚會(huì)的煩惱依然存在：蚊子在我們耳邊嗡嗡作響)”以及第二段““Thebuzzinginyourearismostlyjustasideeffectofthemosquito'swingsbeating,”saidMichaelRiehle,aprofessorattheUniversityofArizona.“Thesounddoesn'thavealongrange,soyounoticeitmostwhentheyareflyingaroundyourears.”(“你耳朵里的嗡嗡聲主要是蚊子拍打翅膀的副作用，”亞利桑那大學(xué)教授MichaelRiehle說(shuō)，“這種聲音的范圍不長(zhǎng)，所以當(dāng)它們?cè)谀愣咃w舞時(shí)，你會(huì)注意到它?！?”結(jié)合文章開(kāi)頭提出惹人煩的蚊子的嗡嗡聲，然后對(duì)此進(jìn)行了揭示并且指出雖然我們聽(tīng)到蚊子在耳朵邊嗡嗡，但是它們更傾向于的是人們的腳?？芍狝選項(xiàng)“為什么蚊子會(huì)在我們的耳朵里嗡嗡叫？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。DWhydoesHaitisotendtohavefatalearthquakes?EarthquakeshavebeencausinghugedamageinHaitisinceatleastthe18thcentury.Thecapitalcityhasbeendestroyedtwicein19years.The21stcenturyhasbeennomorekind.TheEarth’soutershellismadetipoftectonicplates(構(gòu)造板塊)thatmove.HaitisitsnearthecrossingoftwotectonicplaitsthatmakeuptheEarth’soutershell.Earthquakescanoccurwhenthoseplatesmoveagainsteachotherandcreatefriction(摩擦力).Haitiisalsooverpopulated.Plus,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.Thosebuildingscansurvivestrongwindsbatareeasytofaildownwhenthegroundshrikes.Poorbuildingpracticescanalsoplayarole.“Ithinkit’simportanttorecognizethatthere’snosuchthingasanaturaldisaster,”saidWendyBohon,ageologist.“Whatyouhaveisanaturaldisasterthatcomeswithaweakarchitecturesystem.Wedoknowthatearthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”Constructionofmoreearthquake-resistantbuildingsremainsachallengeinHaiti,whichisthepoorestnationintheWesternHemisphere.“WhiletherehavebeensomesuccessstoriesofHaitiansbuildingmoreearthquake-resistantstructures,thecountryhaslackedacentralizedefforttodoso,”saidMarkSchuller,aprofessorofanthropologyandnonprofitandNGOstudiesatNorthernIllinois“ThereistechnicalknowledgeinHaiti,Therearetrainedarchitects.Therearecityplanners.That’snottheproblem,”Schullersaid.“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination(協(xié)調(diào)),andlackofpoliticalwillfromdonorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.”12.Whichfactorcausingthehugedamageishighlighted?A.Itsoverpopulation. B.Itsweakgovernment.C.Itsgeographicallocation. D.Itsweakarchitecturesystem.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefault”inparagraph4referto?A.Lackingpoliticalwilltoprovideaid.B.Lackinghurricane-resistant;buildings.C.Lackingearthquake-resistantbuildings.D.Sittingonthecrossingoftwotectonicplates.14.What’sSchuller’sattitudetowardsHaiti’sgovernment?A.Supportive. B.Critical.C.Indifferent. D.Interested.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeaproblemaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Fundandwill. B.Skilledarchitects.C.Urbandesigners. D.Technologyandmoney.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了海地頻繁爆發(fā)毀滅性地震的原因。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Plus,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.(此外，它的許多建筑設(shè)計(jì)用于抵御颶風(fēng)，但不能抵御地震)”以及第四段“earthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”(“由于缺少抗震的建筑，像這樣的地震會(huì)造成巨大的破壞，”Wendy說(shuō)?！霸谀切](méi)有建筑措施來(lái)抵御地震的地方，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相當(dāng)大)”可知，海地造成巨大損失的因素之一是其建筑體系非常脆弱。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線部分上文“Whatyouhaveisanaturaldisasterthatcomeswithaweakarchitecturesystem.(你所遇到的自然災(zāi)害遇到了脆弱的建筑體系)”以及“earthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamage(這樣的地震會(huì)造成巨大的破壞)”以及下文“it’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking(在那些沒(méi)有建筑措施來(lái)抵御地震的地方，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相當(dāng)大)”可推知，此處指當(dāng)一場(chǎng)自然災(zāi)難碰上一個(gè)脆弱的建筑系統(tǒng)，才是真的災(zāi)難。正是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)錯(cuò)誤（缺少抗震的建筑）才導(dǎo)致地震產(chǎn)生如此巨大的破壞。所以畫(huà)線部分“thefault”指代的是“缺少抗震的建筑”。故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Haiti’sgovernmenthasbecomeincreasinglyweak,whilenon-governmentalorganizationsonlyfocusontheirownprojects.(海地政府越來(lái)越弱，而非政府組織只專注于自己的項(xiàng)目)”可知，政府在提高建筑系統(tǒng)抗震方面不作為，非政府組織又各行其是。從而推知，作者對(duì)政府是持批判態(tài)度的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination,andlackofpoliticalwillfromdonorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.(問(wèn)題在于缺乏協(xié)調(diào)資金，以及捐助者對(duì)提供援助的組織缺乏政治意愿)”可知，海地要建造抗震建筑，資金和決心可能是問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyouoftengooutforshopping?Howtoavoidgermswhenshoppinginthegrocerystore?____16____.Firstly,gotothegrocerystorebrightandearlywhenthey’rejustopening.Thismightbeyourbestoption.Byavoidinglargegroupsofpeople,____17____,asthevirusismainlyspreadthroughclosecontactwithotherpeople.Oneoftheeasiestwaystospreadthevirusisbytouchingacontaminatedsurfaceandthentouchingyourface,eyes,nose,ormouth.____18____.Thisisalotharderthanitsounds,becausepeopletouchtheirfacesmorethan20timesinasinglehour.Whileamaskcanhelppreventyoufromtouchingyourmouthandnose,itisstronglyrecommendedtowearone.____19____.Thismaybeassimpleasavoidingacrowdedaisleandcirclingbackafewminuteslater.Sinceothershoppersmightnotbeasmindfulasyouareaboutmaintainingsocialdistance,bepoliteinyourrequestthattheykeeptheirdistancewithapolite“excuseme.”Justasyou’rebeingthoughtfulaboutyourownhealth,bethoughtfulaboutthehealthofothers,suggestsDr.Larkin.“____20____,seeifyoucanshopforthemorteachthemtouseanonlineanddeliveryoption,”shesays.“Bepatientandkindwithoneanother,especiallytheworkerskeepingthestoresopenandfunctioning—andofcourse,ifyouareill,pleasestayhomeanddon’texposeothers.”A.youdecreaseyourriskofbecominginfectedB.IfyouhaveanelderlyneighborwhoneedshelpC.youhadbetterstayathomeinsteadofgoingoutD.Asaresult,avoidtouchingyourfacewhileshoppingE.Asaresult,youshouldwearamaskwhenyougoshoppingF.Moreover,trytomaintainasafe,six-footdistancefromothershoppersG.Beforeyouheadouttoone,youneedsomeguidelinestoensureyoursafety【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.F20.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了出去購(gòu)物時(shí)避免感染病毒的幾個(gè)建議?！?6題詳解】空前提出問(wèn)題“在雜貨店購(gòu)物時(shí)如何避免細(xì)菌呢？”，下文是具體的方法，所以G項(xiàng)“在你出去進(jìn)一個(gè)雜貨店之前，你需要一些指導(dǎo)來(lái)確保你的安全”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】空后as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，“因?yàn)椴《局饕ㄟ^(guò)近距離接觸別人傳染”，結(jié)合空前“通過(guò)避免接觸人群”可知，A項(xiàng)“你就能減少感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”切題，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】空前提到“病毒傳播最容易的一種方法就是通過(guò)接觸被污染的表面，然后摸你的臉，眼睛，鼻子或者嘴巴”，所以要避免感染就不要在購(gòu)物時(shí)摸臉，D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，D項(xiàng)中“touchingyourface”與上下文呼應(yīng)，且空后的This指代D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】空處位于句首，是段落主題句，根據(jù)本段最后一句“因?yàn)閯e人可能不會(huì)像你一樣保持社交距離，用‘不好意思’禮貌地要求他們保持距離”可知，本段主要講要保持距離，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“此外，盡量與別的購(gòu)物者保持安全的六英尺距離”切題，故選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】空前一句提到在關(guān)心自己健康的同時(shí)，還要關(guān)心別人的健康，結(jié)合空后“看看你是否能幫他們購(gòu)物，或者教他們使用網(wǎng)上配送選擇”可推知，B項(xiàng)“如果你有年邁的鄰居需要幫助”切題，故選B項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Sometimes,lifeasabigsisterjustdoesn'tseemfair.Iwasfiveyearsold,andmysisterLisawas___21___.Everytimewedosomethingthatwearenot___22___todo,Igetintomoretrouble.Ican't___23___itanymore!So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.Mymotherasks___24___IamrunningawayandItellheryes.She'snotnearlyas___25___bythisasIfeelsheshouldbe.Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?"Ican't___26___shecanfigurethisout.Without___27___her,Igoout.I'mso___28___thatIdon'trealizethatmymotherisabout20metresbehindme,followingand___29___concernedcitizensaway.___30___，IgettoGrandma'sapartment.BeforeIevenknock,thedooropens.MyGrandmawelcomesmebutsaysI'mcertainlynot___31___thereforever.AndIrealizemymotherhascalled___32___andIhavebeenbetrayed.WhenmyGrandmagoestogetmesomejuice,mymother___33___andkindlyaskswhyIhaverunaway.Afterlisteningtomy___34___,mymothersaystome,“Sweetheart,ifit's___35___foryoutolivewithLisa,tomorrowmorningIwillcalltheorphanage(孤兒院)andwewillsendheraway."I___36___whatanorphanageis.Istarttocry,andI___37___her,“Don'tsendmysisterawaytoanorphanage!"Mymotherreluctantly___38___thatwewillallgohomeandgiveitanothertry.Andinthoseyearstocome,LisaandIwillsharelaughterandtears.Sometimes,wewill___39___.Andtothisday,whenIturntomymother,shealwaysanswersinthesameway,“Youhadyour___40___,sweetheart."21.A.stronger B.younger C.cleverer D.calmer22.A.qualified B.prepared C.trained D.supposed23.A.hide B.stand C.afford D.use24.A.when B.how C.if D.why25.A.excited B.bored C.moved D.upset26.A.expect B.promise C.believe D.pretend27.A.answering B.greeting C.informing D.noticing28.A.proud B.focused C.busy D.popular29.A.putting B.taking C.scaring D.waving30.A.Clearly B.Suddenly C.Finally D.Naturally31.A.living B.learning C.working D.sitting32.A.back B.again C.instead D.ahead33.A.finishes B.arrives C.stops D.changes34.A.complaints B.speech C.songs D.report35.A.convenient B.hard C.safe D.dangerous36.A.ask B.forget C.know D.explain37.A.blame B.comfort C.remind D.beg38.A.admits B.agrees C.recognizes D.claims39.A.fight B.fear C.apologize D.chat40.A.chance B.point C.dream D.plan【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B36.C37.D38.B39.A40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者五歲時(shí)因?yàn)閶寢尶傋屗秊槊妹帽澈阱?，因此離家出走。母親的一席話打消了作者的念頭，從此即使與妹妹有小矛盾也能處理好。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，做姐姐似乎并不公平。當(dāng)時(shí)我五歲，我妹妹麗莎比我小。每次我們做不該做的事，我就會(huì)陷入更多的麻煩。A.stronger強(qiáng)壯的；B.younger年輕的；C.cleverer更聰明的；D.calmer更平靜的。根據(jù)上句“Sometimes,lifeasabigsisterjustdoesn'tseemfair.”(有時(shí)候，做姐姐似乎并不公平)可知妹妹比我小，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意見(jiàn)上題解析。A.qualified資格；B.prepared準(zhǔn)備；C.trained訓(xùn)練；D.supposed認(rèn)為。根據(jù)后句“Igetintomoretrouble.”（我陷入了更多的麻煩）可知是作者和妹妹做了不應(yīng)該做的事情。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我再也受不了了。A.hide隱藏；B.stand忍受；C.afford負(fù)擔(dān)；D.use使用。根據(jù)后句“So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.”（所以，我收拾好我的東西，決定永遠(yuǎn)離開(kāi)）可知作者再也受不了，決定離家出走。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽問(wèn)我是不是在逃跑。A.when當(dāng)…時(shí)候；B.how如何；C.if如果；D.why為什么。根據(jù)后文“Itellheryes.”（我告訴她是的）可知上文是媽媽問(wèn)作者是不是打算跑走。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她并沒(méi)有像我認(rèn)為的那樣為此心煩意亂A.excited興奮的；B.bored無(wú)聊的；C.moved感動(dòng)；D.upset不安。根據(jù)后文“Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?”（她看著我說(shuō)，你要去西爾維亞奶奶家嗎?）可知媽媽并沒(méi)有心煩意亂，而是猜出作者的去向。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不相信她能搞清楚這件事。A.expect期望；B.promise承諾；C.believe相信；D.pretend假裝。根據(jù)上句“Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?”（她看著我說(shuō)，你要去西爾維亞奶奶家嗎?）可知是媽媽猜出了作者想法。作者難以相信。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒(méi)有回答她，就出去了。A.answering回答；B.greeting問(wèn)候；C.informing通知；D.noticing注意。根據(jù)上文“AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?”（你要去西爾維亞奶奶家嗎?）可知作者并沒(méi)有回答媽媽的問(wèn)題，就走了。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我太專注了，以至于我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我的母親就在我身后大約20米的地方，她跟在我后面，揮手讓關(guān)心我的市民離開(kāi)。A.proud自豪的；B.focused專注的；C.busy忙的；D.popular流行的。根據(jù)后文“Idon'trealizethatmymotherisabout20metresbehindme”（我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我的母親在我后面大約20米）可知作者是太專注了而沒(méi)有意識(shí)到母親在后面。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意見(jiàn)上題解析。A.putting放置；B.taking帶走；C.scaring恐嚇；D.waving揮手。根據(jù)后文“concernedcitizensaway.”（讓關(guān)心我的市民離開(kāi)）因?yàn)閶寢屧谇那母?，所以媽媽揮手讓關(guān)心的人離開(kāi)。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我到了奶奶公寓。A.Clearly清楚的；B.Suddenly突然的；C.Finally最后的；D.Naturally自然的。根據(jù)上文“AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?Ican't___6___shecanfigurethisout.”（你要去西爾維亞奶奶家嗎?我不敢相信她能搞清楚我要去哪里）可知作者最終到了奶奶家。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我奶奶歡迎我，但說(shuō)我肯定不會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)住在那里A.living生活；B.learning學(xué)習(xí)；C.working工作；D.sitting坐。根據(jù)上文“MyGrandmawelcomesmebut…”(我奶奶歡迎我，但說(shuō)…)由but可知前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，奶奶歡迎我，但說(shuō)我肯定不會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)住在那里。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識(shí)到我母親提前打電話了，我被背叛了。A.back返回；B.again再一次；C.instead相反；D.ahead向前。根據(jù)上句“So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.”（所以，我收拾好我的東西，決定永遠(yuǎn)離開(kāi)）以及“Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?"Ican't___6___shecanfigurethisout.”（她看著我說(shuō)，“你要去西爾維亞奶奶家嗎?”真不敢相信她能知道）可知媽媽料到作者會(huì)前往奶奶家，所以提前給奶奶打了電話。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我奶奶去給我拿果汁時(shí)，我媽媽來(lái)了，親切地問(wèn)我為什么逃跑。A.finishes結(jié)束；B.arrives到達(dá)；C.stops停止；D.changes改變。根據(jù)后句“mymother…kindlyaskswhyIhaverunaway”(母親親切地問(wèn)我為什么要離家出走)可知是媽媽到了奶奶家。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聽(tīng)了我的抱怨后，媽媽對(duì)我說(shuō):“親愛(ài)的，如果你和麗莎住在一起很難的話。A.complaints投訴；B.speech演說(shuō)；C.songs歌曲；D.report報(bào)道。根據(jù)后文“ifit's___15___foryoutolivewithLisa,tomorrowmorningIwillcalltheorphanage(孤兒院)andwewillsendheraway.”（如果你和麗莎住在一起很困難，明天早上我會(huì)打電話給孤兒院，我們會(huì)把她送走）可知是作者的抱怨和妹妹生活在一起的不開(kāi)心。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見(jiàn)上題解析。A.convenient方便的；B.hard辛苦的；C.safe安全的；D.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)后句“Iwillcal