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Plasticpollutionassessment
methodologiessuitabilitytoolkit
V1.0
UserManual
i
?2023InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/TheWorldBank
1818HStreetNW
WashingtonDC20433
Telephone:202-473-1000
Internet:
ThisworkisaproductofthestaffofTheWorldBankwithexternalcontributions.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsofTheWorldBank,itsBoardofExecutiveDirectors,orthegovernmentstheyrepresent.
TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracy,completeness,orcurrencyofthedataincludedinthisworkanddoesnotassumeresponsibilityforanyerrors,omissions,ordiscrepanciesintheinformation,orliabilitywithrespecttotheuseoforfailuretousetheinformation,methods,processes,orconclusionssetforth.Theboundaries,colors,denominations,andotherinformationshownonanymapinthisworkdonotimplyanyjudgmentonthepartofTheWorldBankconcerningthelegalstatusofanyterritoryortheendorsementoracceptanceofsuchboundaries.
Nothinghereinshallconstituteorbeconstruedorconsideredtobealimitationuponorwaiveroftheprivileges
andimmunitiesofTheWorldBank,allofwhicharespecificallyreserved.Citation:
WorldBank.2023.PlasticPollutionAssessmentMethodologiesSuitabilityToolkit(PLAST)–usermanual.WashingtonDC.
RightsandPermissions
Thematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecauseTheWorldBankencouragesdisseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornon-commercialpurposesaslongasfullattributiontothisworkisgiven.
Anyqueriesonrightsandlicenses,includingsubsidiaryrights,shouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,TheWorldBankGroup,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA;fax:202-522-2625;e-mail:pubrights@.
ii
Acknowledgements
ThePLASTtoolkitwasdevelopedbyaconsortiumcoordinatedbytheUniversityofLeedswithinputfromDeltares,IUCNandDavidNewbyAssociates(DNA).LedbyDrCostasVelis(UniversityofLeeds),withmainresearchanddevelopmentprovidedbyDrJoshuaW.
Cottom(UniversityofLeeds).
DevelopmentoftheuserinterfacewasprovidedbyDNAwithgraphicalsupportfromtheDigitalEducationService(UniversityofLeeds).Thewiderdevelopmentteamincluded:UniversityofLeeds:EdCook;Deltares:JoanaVeiga,RobynGwee,BastienVanVeen;IUCN:DrJanakadeSilva,MaeveNightingale,HienBuiThiThu,LynnSorrentino,JoaoSousa.
TheworkwasmanagedbyaWorldBankteamcomprisedofKatePhilp,AnjaliAcharya,TaoWang,andIkbalAlexanderundertheleadershipandguidanceofMonaSur.Grzegorz
PeszkoandSuikoYoshijimaprovidedpeerreview.
Thestudyteamwouldliketothanktherepresentativesfromnationalgovernmentdepartments,NGOs,academiaanddevelopmentpartnerswhoparticipatedinthe
stakeholderconsultationworkshop,heldvirtuallyinFebruary2021,fortheirvaluableinsightsandinputtothePLASTToolkit.TheteamisalsogratefulfortheopportunitytopresenttheupdatedPLASTtoolkittotheASEANWorkingGroupforCoastalandMarineEnvironment
(AWGCME)inMay2023andforthesubsequentinsightsprovidedbytheFocalPointofAWGCME,Thailand.
FundingforthePLASTToolkitwasprovidedbyPROBLUE,anumbrellamulti-donortrustfund,administeredbytheWorldBank,thatsupportsthesustainableandintegrated
developmentofmarineandcoastalresourcesinhealthyoceans.
PleasedirecttechnicalsupportquestionstoDrCostasVelis(UniversityofLeeds).
Fundedby:
Developedby:
Deltares
iii
Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS II
1.OVERVIEW 1
Aim 1
Objectives 1
WhoshouldusePLAST? 1
2.HOWTOOPENANDRUNPLAST 1
MicrosoftWindows 1
OtherMicrosoftExcelsecurityfeatures 6
MacOS 7
3.TERMINOLOGY 8
Whatismeantbyamethodologicalapproach? 8
Whatismeantbyaplasticpollutionassessmentmethodology? 9
Otherterminology 10
4.STRUCTUREOFPLAST 11
5.HOWTOUSEPLAST 15
Inputtinguserneedsandavailableresources 15
Interpretingresults 19
Comparingmethodologies 22
6.HOWDOESPLASTWORK? 23
Scoringandrankingofmethodologicalapproaches 23
Scoringandrankingofplasticpollutionassessmentmethodologies 24
7.FREQUENTLYASKEDQUESTIONS 25
8.TROUBLESHOOTING 26
9.APPENDICES 27
Appendix1 27
Appendix2 29
Appendix3 30
1
1.Overview
Aim
Inresponsetotheplasticpollutioncrisis,manymethodologiesforquantificationofplastic
pollutionhavebeendeveloped.However,thebreadthofthese
plasticpollutionassessment
methodologies
makesitdifficultforpractitionerstoassesswhichmethodsarebestsuitedfortheirneeds.The‘PlasticPollutionAssessmentMethodologiesSuitabilityToolkit’(PLAST)
hasbeendesignedtocharacterizeandcompare
plasticpollutionassessmentmethodologies
andgeneralised
methodologicalapproaches
tosuggestthemostsuitableoptionsbasedonauser’srequirements.PLASTfocusesonquantificationassessmentswherebytheamountsofplasticpollutionaredeterminedandinsightintosources,pathwaysandfatesareprovided.
PLASTdoesnotaimtoprovideharmonisationbetweenthemethodologies,however,itallowstheoutputs,technicalfeaturesanddatarequirementstobecomparedtherebyprovidingthefirstnecessarystageinthisharmonisation.
Objectives
PLASThasfourobjectives:
Tocollatemethodologiesavailablefortheassessmentofplasticpollution.
Tocharacteriseassessmentmethodologiesaccordingtoanexplanatoryframework.
Tosuggestwhatbroadmethodologicalapproachesmaybebestsuitedbasedonauser’soverallobjectivesandgeneralisedresources.
Tosuggestsuitableplasticpollutionassessmentmethodologiesbasedonauser’sspecifictechnicalobjectivesanddataavailability.
1
2
3
4
WhoshouldusePLAST?
PLASTisdesignedtoaidallusersinterestedinapplyingplasticpollutionassessment
methodologies,forexamplethoseshownin
Figure1.
Theseuserscanbesplitintothose
wantingtoapplyamethodologytoassessplasticspollution(governments,NGOs,local
authoritiesandbusinesses)andthoselookingtogainfurtherinformationonhownewly
developedassessmentmethodologiesmaycomparewiththosethatalreadyexist(academiaanddevelopers).
2
Figure1:UsersthatmaywanttousePLAST.
ToapplyPLAST,werecommendinputfrombothhigh-levelusersfocusedonoverall
objectives,policiesandresources;aswellastechnicalusersfamiliarwithplasticpollutionassessmentmethodologiesterminology,dataavailabilityandrequiredoutputs.Themannerinwhichtheseusers’knowledgeandrequirementsisincorporatedintoPLASTisexplainedinthefollowingsections.
1
2.HowtoopenandrunPLAST
ThePLASTspreadsheetapplicationcontainsafullMSOfficeVBAapplicationandasuiteofMacros.Tousethetool,MicrosoftExcelmustbeconfiguredtoenableMacrosandaccesstheVBAapplication,thestepsofwhichareoutlinedbelow.Pleasefollowallthesesteps
beforetryingtorunPLASTtoensureitoperatescorrectly.RefertotheQuickStartGuideforafurtherbreakdownofeachstep.
PleasefollowallthesestepsbeforetryingtorunPLASTtoensureitoperatescorrectly
MicrosoftWindows
Step1.SavethePLASTtoolkitin‘MyDocuments’
ErrorsmaybeencounteredifyoutryandrunPLASTfromanetworkdrivesuchas
OneDrive.ToensurePLASTworkscorrectly,werecommendsavingthedownloadedfileto‘MyDocuments’torun.PLASTcanstillbesavedafteritsoperationtoOneDrivefoldersforsharing,however,itshouldalwaysbemovedtoastablelocationpriortoopening(e.g.,‘MyDocuments’).Note:YoumusthavepermissiontosavefilesinthefolderinwhichthePLASThasbeensavedandopenedfrom.
Step2.Configuresettingsinthe‘TrustCenter’
The‘TrustCenter’settingscontrolwhatcontentyouareabletoopenwithinMicrosoftExcel,forexampleMacros.Werecommenduserschangetheirmacrosettingsto‘DisableVBA
macrosexceptdigitallysignedmacros’andcheck‘TrustaccesstotheVBAprojectobjectmodel’.Thesesettingsensureusersareopeningaversionofthetoolkitthatisunmodifiedfromtheofficialrelease.Tochangethesesettings,followthestepsbelow:
2
2.1:OpenExcelandclickon
Fileinthemenu,thenOptionsandclickTrustCentre.Youwillseeascreensimilartothe
following:
2.2:ClickonTrustCenterSettings..inthemain
windowyouwillthenseethefollowingscreen:
ChoosetheMacroSetting
“DisableVBAmacrosexceptdigitallysignedmacros”(onsomeversionsofMicrosoft
Excelthismayinsteadread,“Disableallmacrosexcept
digitallysignedmacros”).Tickthebox“Trustaccesstothe
VBAprojectobjectmodel”.
Click
OK
buttontosave
settingsandexitbacktotheExcelprogram.CloseExcel
andre-opentheworkbook…..
Step3.OpenPLASTandInstallthe‘Digitalcertificate’.
AdigitalcertificateisasecurityfeatureaddedtoVBAprojectstoverifythattheyaresafe.ItisrecommendedthatusersinstallthedigitalcertificatepriortotryingtorunPLASTtoshowthattheytrustit.AlthoughStep2canbecompletedbyopeninganewExcelworkbook,thefollowingstepsshouldbedonewhenopeningthePLASTworkbook.Pleasefollowthestepsbelowtoinstallthecertificate.
3.1:OpenthedigitallysignedPLASTworkbookandyou
shouldthenseethe
SECURITYWARNING:
3
Clickonthe
Options..
button.
3.2:Thedialogboxthat
opensshowsthecertificatedetailsthatthespreadsheetmodelisdigitallysignedwith.
Clickon“ShowSignatureDetails”
3.3:Afurther“Digital
SignatureDetails”dialogopens:
ClickontheView
Certificate…button:
4
3.4:NowclickonInstallCertificate…andthenextdialogueboxopens:
click
button:
3.5:Choosestorelocation“LocalMachine”and
Next
Ifstoringtothe“Local
Machine”isdisabled,the
certificatecanbestoredonthe“CurrentUser”instead,
however,othersusersofthePCwillalsohavetoinstall
thecertificateiftheywishtorunPLAST.
3.6:Nowwechoosewheretosavethecertificate.Todo
button.
this,youclickonthe
Browse…
5
3.7:Choose“TrustedRoot
CertificationAuthorities”and
OK
button.
clickonthe
button
3.8:Havingchosenthecertificatestore,clickthe
Next
Finish
button
3.9:Thenclick
tocompletethecertificateinstallation.
6
3.10:Youwillgeta
OK.
confirmation.Click
3.11:Selecttheoption“Trustalldocumentsfromthis
OK.
publisher”andclick
CloseExcelandreopenthe
PLASTspreadsheet
applicationandthesystemshouldbefullyfunctional.
OtherMicrosoftExcelsecurityfeatures
MicrosoftExcelsecurityfeaturestopreventmalicioususeofmacroshavebeenfrequentlyupdated,keepingupwiththesecanbeproblematicfordevelopersofbona-fideExcel
applicationsthatrelyonMicrosoft’sVisualBasicforApplications(VBA).Itisstronglyrecommendedthatthedigitalcertificateisinstalledifpossible.
Ifitisnotpossibletoinstallthedigitalcertificate,thenoneofthefollowingactionsmayenabletheapplicationtorun,howeverthisisattheuser’sownrisk.
Trustedlocations
Excelhasimplementedanothersecurityfeature“trustedlocations”recentlywhichcan
preventevendigitallysignedmacros,withcertificateinstalled,fromrunningifthefileis
openedfromthe“Downloads”folderorasharednetworklocation(e.g.OneDrive).Ifthisisthecase,usersarelikelytoseeastandardexcelworkbookwiththePLAST‘About’sheet
displayed.Thebestwaytocorrectthisistodownloadthespreadsheet,openit,saveitto“MyDocuments”,closeitandthenre-openit.Thisusuallysatisfiesthe“trusted
location”securitycheck.
7
Alternatively,afoldercanbesetasatrustedlocationbygoingtothe‘TrustCenter’(seestep2above),clicking‘TrustedLocations’,then“Addnewlocation…”andselectingthefolderinwhichPLASTissaved.Wedonotrecommendthatsharedlocations(e.g.,OneDrive)aresetastrustedlocations.
Warning–Makingafoldera“trustedlocation”canenableanyofficeapplicationwithmacrostorun,includingfileswithmaliciouscontent.Donotcopyofficedocumentstoa“trustedlocation”unlessyouaresuretheyaresafe.
Microsoftpolicysettings
Someusersthathavecomputersprovidedandconfiguredbytheircompanies/organisationsmayhaveSecurityPoliciespre-setandfindthataccesstotheMicrosoftExcelTrustCentreisdisabled.
Usersmayattempttorunthemacrosby
right-clickingthefile,choosingProperties,andthenselecttheUnblockcheckboxontheGeneraltab.
Warning–Selecting‘Unblock’bypassesthedigitalcertificationandshouldonlybedoneifusersareconfidentofthe
sourceofthefile.
MacOS
UnfortunatelyPLASTwillnotworkcorrectlyonMacOS.PleaserunPLASTonaMicrosoftWindowsPC.
8
3.Terminology
Whatismeantbyamethodologicalapproach?
Whilstmany
plasticpollutionassessmentmethodologies
exist,eachwiththeirownuniquemethodandresults,eachmethodologycanbegroupedintooneoffourmainapproaches
(Table1)
,knownhereafteras‘methodologicalapproaches’.
Table1:Fourmethodologicalapproachesusedinthequantificationofplastic
pollution.Itshouldbenotedthatthereisconsiderableoverlapintheseapproaches,andassuchmanyassessmentmethodologiesincorporatemorethanoneapproach.
Icon
Description
Transfercoefficient
Thetransfercoefficientapproachisatopdownmethodwhereflowsare
distributedaccordingtocoefficients.Forexample,theamountofmismanagedwastewhichmayenteroceans.Whenappliedastheprimarymethod,the
transfercoefficientapproachistypicallyadeptatrequiringlowresourcesand
givinggrossestimationstoguidepolicy.Transfercoefficientapproachestendtoprovideasimplisticoverviewoftheplasticflowsinthesolidwastemanagementsystem.
Materialflowanalysis
Materialflowanalysisaimstomodeltheflowsandstocksofplasticwastewithinasolidwastemanagementsystemtoamuchgreaterdetailthanthatusedin
transfercoefficientbasedapproaches.Althoughinitssimplestformtransfer
coefficientsareusedtocalculatethedistributionofwasteflows,morecomplexformscanbeusedsuchasprobabilisticmaterialflowanalysiswhich
incorporatesuncertaintyofflows,ordatavalidationandreconciliationwhichaimstoharmonisedifferentmeasurementswithinthesystem.Materialflow
analysisapproachestendtobeusedwhenadetailedassessmentofthesolidwastemanagementsystemisrequired.
Statistical/trendanalysis
Statisticalortrendanalysisapproachesareabottomupapproachtypicallyused
tounderstandtheamountofplasticpollutionindifferentenvironmental
compartmentsviameasurements.Resultsgiveasnapshotoftheplastic
pollutioninanareaatamomentintime,butcanbeconductedoverlonger
periodstoassesshowtheamountsofplasticpollutionchangeswithtime.Theyareoftenutilisedtodevelopbaselinesormonitortheimpactofinterventions.
Hydrologicalmodelling
Hydrologicalandtransportmodellingapproachaimstoharnessthe
considerableexperiencethathasbeenamassedinhydrologicalmodelsandtransferthistotheproblemofplasticpollution.Typicallyusinggeographic
informationsystem(GIS)analysis,thisapproachisprimarilyfocusedon
understandinghowplasticintheenvironmentmaymoveandtransfertotheoceanbycombiningestimatesofterrestrial/riverineplasticwithinformationonrainfallandrivercharacteristics
9
TherelativesuitabilityofeachmethodologicalapproachisscoredinPLASTbasedonauser’shighlevelobjectives(PartAquestions).Theseresultsareusefulinprovidinganindicationofthetypeofmethodologicalapproachwhichmaybebestsuitedforauser,withoutsuggestingspecificmethodologies.
Whatismeantbyaplasticpollutionassessmentmethodology?
Thegrowingawarenessofplasticpollutionhasseenitriseuptheinternationalagendato
becomealeadingpriorityfornationsandtheglobalcommunityalike.Withthis,awealthofdata,methodologies,andmetricshavebeendevelopedtoaidintheunderstandingofplasticpollution.Oneparticularareareceivingimportantattentionisthequantificationofplastic
pollutionsources,alongwithitssubsequenttransportandaccumulationintheenvironment.
TheplasticpollutionassessmentmethodologiesincludedinPLASTarefocusedsolelyon
thesequantificationassessments.Assuch,assessmentmethodologieswhichfocusontheecologicalimpactsofplasticpollution,forexample,areomitted.Similarly,assessment
methodologiesthatarerelatedsolelytopolicywithoutaquantificationoftheamountof
plasticpollutionaredeemedoutofscope.Giventhequantificationofplasticpollutionis
meanttoprovideknowledgeandunderstandingonhowtoeffectivelyact,anymethodologiesthataredesignedsimplyforthecollectionofdataandwhichlackanyinterpretiveanalysis
arealsooutofscope.Afulllistofthesystemboundariesusedtodefineifplasticpollutionassessmentmethodologiesarein-scopeisshownin
Table2.
Table2:SystemboundariesusedfordefininginclusionofplasticpollutionassessmentmethodologiesinPLAST.
Systemboundary
Inscope
Outofscope
Typesof
assessment
methodologies
Assessmentsquantifyingplasticpollutionsources,
transportationpathwaysoraccumulationinthe
environment
Assessmentswithout
quantificationofplasticpollutionsources,
transportationpathwaysoraccumulationinthe
environment(e.g.ecologicalimpacts)
Assessments/modelswithexplanatoryoutputs
Data/monitoringprotocolswithnoexplanatoryoutputs
Indicatorsiffundamentalto
assessmentandstandardised,e.g.plasticpollutionrelated
SDGindicators
Non-fundamentalornon-standardisedindicators
Geographicalboundary
Global
NA
Scale
Localtoregional(multi-country)levelassessments
Solelyglobalassessments
10
LifeCycle
Lifecycleassessmentsifcoveringplasticwaste
emissionsintotheenvironment
Lifecycleassessmentsfocusedsolelyonplasticproductionanduse
Macro/
Microplastics
Macroplasticassessments
Solelymicroplasticassessments
Implementable
Assessmentsaretransferrabletootherlocations
Assessmentsarenot
transferrabletootherlocations
Accountingfortheinclusioncriteriashownin
Table2,
plasticpollutionassessmentmethodologiesaredefinedhereas:
“Animplementablemethodologythatquantifies
macroplasticpollution,providingknowledgeand
understandinginordertoeffectivelyact.”
Otherterminology
AdditionalterminologyusedtodescribethestructuralcomponentsofPLASTcanbeseenin
Figure2.
Figure2:TerminologyusedinPLASTtodescribethestructuralcomponentsonthemainpage.
11
4.StructureofPLAST
PLASThasbeendevelopedusingMicrosoftExcelandharnessesVisualBasicforApplication(VBA)toprovideanintuitiveandinteractivegraphicaluserinterfaceforusers.TousePLAST,MicrosoftExcelmustbeconfiguredtoenableMacrosandaccesstheVBA
application,thestepsofwhichareoutlinedinsection
2:
HowtoopenandrunPLAST.
PLASTiscomprisedofseveraldistinctsections,adescriptionofwhichisprovidedin
Table3.
Table3:DescriptionandfunctionsofthesectionsofPLAST.
Section
Visualisation
Description
Splashscreen
OnloadingofPLAST,asplashscreen(‘landing
screen’)isdisplayedsignifyingtheversion,fundersanddevelopers.Toprogress,usersclickthestartbutton.
12
Disclaimerpage
Afterclicking‘Start’onthesplashscreen,userswillbeshownadisclaimerpage.Userscanprogresstothenextpagebyclickingthe‘next’button.
About&
trainingpage
Afterclicking‘Next’onthedisclaimerpage,userswillbeshowntheabout&trainingpage.Ontheleftis
informationaboutPLASTincludingasummaryofitsaim,users,development,citation,aswellasan
emailcontactfortechnicalsupport(DrCostasVelis–UniversityofLeeds).
Ontheright,usersarepresentedwithsometrainingtextaswellasalinktoatrainingvideo.ItisstronglyencouragedthatuserswatchthebrieftrainingvideopriortoprogressingtoensureallaspectsofPLASTareunderstoodandresultsaresuggestedas
intended.Userscanonlyprogresstothequestionsbyconfirmingwiththecheckboxthattheyhave
completedthetraining,atwhichpointthe‘Next’buttoncanbeclicked.
13
Mainpage
ThemainsectionofPLASTiswherethequestionscanbeansweredbyauserandasummaryoftheresultsshown.Thisisstructuredashavingthree
selectablequestionsets(PartA,B,C)atthetopleftofthepage,eachofwhichhasaseriesofquestionsdisplayedbelow.
Usersarerequiredtogothroughthequestionsundereachofthethreepartsandanswerthembasedontheirrequirements(see
HowtousePLAST
Sectionfordetailsonhowtocomplete).
Ontheright,usersareprovidedwithresultsonthe
relativesuitabilityof
methodologicalapproaches,
andacomparisonofthetopthreesuggested
assessment
methodologies
withdetailsofeach.
Results
comparisonpage
Ifusersclickthe‘compare’buttononthequestion
andresultssummarypage,theyaredirectedtoa
PDFdocumentthatdisplaysboththeresultsofthe
relativesuitabilityof
methodologicalapproaches,
andacomparisonofthetopthreesuggested
assessment
methodologies.
Dependingontheuser’sPC,this
PDFwilleitheropeninaseparateExcelpop-upwindoworinaPDFviewersuchasAbode.In
addition,a
radardiagram
isdisplayedprovidingavisualcomparisonbetweenthetop3suggestedmethodologies.
Userscansavethisresultscomparisonpagetoa
PDForprinttheresultsusingthebaratthetopofthepage.
Thepagecanbeclosedbyclickingthecrossinthetoprightcornerofthewindowtoreturntheusertothemainpage.
14
Assessment
Ifusersclickthe‘ViewAll’buttononthequestionand
methodologies
resultssummarypage,theyaredirectedtoapop-up
comparison
windowthatdisplaysinformationoneachofthe
page
plasticpollutionassessmentmethodologies
includedwithinPLAST.Thisincludesallmethodologies,notjustthosedeemedsuitable.
Thepagecanbeclosedbyclickingthecrossinthetoprightcornerofthewindowtoreturntheusertothemainpage.
15
5.HowtousePLAST
TousePLAST,MicrosoftExcelmustbeconfiguredtoenableMacrosandaccessthe
VBAapplication,thestepsofwhichareoutlinedinsection
2:
Howtoopenandrun
PLAST.
Inputtinguserneedsandavailableresources
ThebasicpremiseofPLASTisthatusersansweraseriesofquestionsontheirneedsand
resourcesavailableinapplyingaplasticpollutionassessment.PLASTthenranksthe
suitabilityofgeneric
methodologicalapproaches
andspecific
plasticpollutionassessment
methodologies
accordingto
multicriteriadecisionanalysis
anddisplaystheresult.
Thequestionsarebrokenintothreeparts,assummarisedin
Table4,
withfulldescriptionsofeachquestionprovidedin
Appendix1.
Table4:Summaryofthethreequestionssets(PartA,B,andC)inPLASTincludingwhotheyshouldbecompletedby,thefocusofthequestionsandthenumberof
questionsineachPart.
Questionset
Completedby
Focusofquestions
No.of
questions
PartA
High-levelusers
focusedonoverallobjectives,policiesandresources
Tounderstandthemotivationoftheuserinapplyingaplasticpollution
assessmentandascertainthegeneralscale,scopeandavailableresourcesoftheplannedassessment.
5
PartB
Technicalusers
familiarwithplasticpollutionassessmentmethodologies
terminology,dataavailabilityand
requiredoutputs
Tounderstandtheuser’stechnicalrequirementsofanyoutputs,for
example,thelevelofdetail
(resolution)requiredoranyspecificfunctionalities.
8
PartC
Tounderstandtheavailabilityofexistingdataorthecapabilitytocollectnewdata.
2
Eachquestionsetcanbeaccessedusingthebuttonsatthetopofmainpage(see
Figure
2)
.UsersareencouragedtostartwiththequestionsofPartA,beforeproceedingontothe
moretechnicalquestionsofPartBandC.Helptextforeachquestionsetcanbeviewedbyhoveringoverthebuttons.
Theindividualquestionsassociatedwitheachquestionsetareshowninthedarkblue
questionribbon(see
Figure2)
.PLASThasbeendesignedtoguidetheuserthroughthe
questionsoneatatimetoavoiduserspotentiallyskippingrelevantquestions.Toaidinthis,onlythenextquestionisclickable,withthisdepictedasdarkblue(forexamplequestionA2in
Figure2)
.Theremainingquestionsaredisabledasdepictedbyagreycolour(for
examplequestionA3toA6in
Figure2
),andonlybecomeclickableoncethesubsequentquestionhasbeenviewedbytheuser.Itisnotmandatorytoanswerallthequestionsand
16
availableoptions,insteadusersareonlyrequiredtocompletethosethatarerelevantfortheirneeds.
Thequestiontextfortheselectedquestionisshowndirectlybeneaththequestionribbon.Thisisaccompaniedbyaseriesofquestionoptionseachofwhichcanhaveananswerselectedforit(see
Figure2)
.
Helptextforeachquestiontextcanbeviewedbyhoveringoverthe①icon,whereas
additionalhelptextforeachofthequestionoptionscanbeviewedbyhoveringoverthetext.Thereforeifusersareunsureaboutthemeaningofanyterminology,thesehelp-textsshouldbeconsultedfordefinitions.ForquestionA5,thedefinitionsofeachanswerareshowninalargertextboxbelowtoaccommodatethemoredetaileddescriptionsgiven.Hoveroverthequestionoptionstexttoshowthesedefinitions.
Iftheuserfeelsthataquestionisrepeated,weaskthemtocarefullyreadthedefinitionsassubtledifferencesdoexist.Ingeneral,questionsinPartAenquireabouttheoverall
ambitionsoftheproject(e.g.scopeandscale),whereasthoseinPartBarereferring
specificallytotheresolutionoftheoutputs.Forexample,ausercouldanswerinPartAthattheyarewantingtoapplyamethodologyatthecountrylevel,butinPartBsignifytheywanttheoutputstoinformatthem
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