山東普高大聯(lián)考高二上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)英語(yǔ)試題

山東普高大聯(lián)考10月聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)試題高二英語(yǔ)本卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考號(hào)、座號(hào)填涂在相應(yīng)位置。2.選擇題答案必須使用2B鉛筆（按填涂樣例）正確填涂；非選擇題答案必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，繪圖時(shí)，可用2B鉛筆作答，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無(wú)效。保持卡面清潔，不折疊、不破損。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Gotoashop.B.Picksomeflowers.C.Waterthegarden.2.HowdoesthewomantellAmyfromMary?A.Bythelook.B.Bytheclothes.C.Bytheheight.3.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutProf.Brown’slecture?A.It’sjustsoso.B.It’sabitboring.C.It’squitehelpful.4.Whatdothespeakersprobablydo?A.Factoryworkers.B.Doctors.C.Machineoperators.5.WhydidthewomanetoMonica’shouse?A.Toreturnsomething.B.Toborrowabook.C.Toextendaninvitation.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatwillBriandonextmonth?A.Takechargeofabranch.B.Lookforanewjob.C.Runhisownbusiness.7.Whatarethespeakersconsideringdoing?A.Holdingaparty.B.Buyingsomepresents.C.TravelingaroundChicago.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Disappointed.B.Confused.C.Worried.9.Whichsubjectdoesthewomanneedtoimprove?A.History.B.Math.C.Physics.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutatfirst?A.Theirvacationplans.B.Atabletennismatch.C.Theirweekendactivities.11.WhatdoesHenryoffertodoforthewoman?A.Buytabletennisbatsforher.BTeachhertoplaytabletennis.C.Remendatabletenniscoachtoher.12.WhydoesHenrywanttolearncooking?A.Togetaparttimejob.B.Togivehisparentsasurprise.C.Totreathisfriendstoameal.13.WhenwillHenrylearntocook?A.OnWednesdaysandFridays.B.OnTuesdaysandThursdays.C.OnTuesdaysandWednesdays.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenJohnandLucy?A.Friends.B.Roommates.C.Relatives.15.WhatsportsdoesToddenjoy?A.Skateboarding.B.Football.C.Surfing.16.HowlongwillLucystayinBrighton?A.Abouttwodays.B.Abouthalfamonth.C.Aboutthreeweeks.17.WhatisLucy’splaninBrighton?A.Tolearnwatersports.B.Togotoabeachparty.C.Togotothemountains.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18WhatdidscientistsfromtheUK’sAngliaRuskinUniversityresearchon?A.Thewayangeraffectsourdailylives.B.Thelinkbetweenhungerandemotions.C.Themethodspeoplecontrolangerbetter.19.Howmanytimesdidaparticipanthavetopletesurveysintotal?A.60times.B.64times.C.105times.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Ascientificstudy.B.Alanguagephenomenon.C.Asmartphoneapp.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhetheryouwantaslowpaceoflifeortosurfoffwhitesandbeaches,findyourperfectremotegetawayintheIndianOcean.Alphonse,SeychellesThesurroundingpancakeflatatolls(環(huán)礁)areaNoah’sArkforrarewedgetailedshearwaters,boobiesandotherastonishingsealife;highlightsoftheBBC’sBluePlanetserieswereshothere.Visittojoinconservationprojectssuchasoceancleanupsandturtletracking,asmuchastodropofftheradar.Tourismissucharecentarrivalthatdivesitesarestillbeingmappedout.Zanzibar,TanzaniaInZanzibar’shistoricalcapitalcity,theStoneTownneighbourhoodremainsafascinatingAfricanArabianbination,withformerSultans’palacesintheconfusinglanes(小路).Zanzibarisinasweetspotwhereresortlevelfortscanbefound,buttheyhaven’teattheexpenseofitscharms.BeacheshereremainasgoodasanyintheIndianOcean,butthehotelstypicallycheaperthanAlphonse.Mafia,TanzaniaProbablyamispronunciationofmorfiyeh—theArabicwordforgroup—MafiaisaterrificnameforaTanzanianislandthatsomehowescapesattention.HereMafiaIslandMarineParkoffersaround320sqmilesofdivingopportunitiesjustoffshore:expecttoseehealthycoralreefs,walldivesandchannelswheredugonggraze.Humpbackwhalesandhawksbillturtlesalsocallthisregionhome.Havelock,AndamanIslands,IndiaHavelock,themostdevelopedisland,iseffortlesslybeautiful:mileuponmileofwildbeach;barefootluxuryinhotelssetwithinlushjungle;greatdivingandkayakingthroughmangroveforests.Havelock’scharmisitsauthenticity:invillages,familiesrideinrickshaws,roadsideeateriesrustleupfishcurryandthere’schaiatstreetstalls.Bythetimeyouleaveyou’llquestionwhyyoudidn’tbookforlonger.1.WhatmakesZanzibarstandoutasadestinationintheIndianOcean?A.Historicalarchitecture. B.Beautifulbeaches.C.Affordableacmodations. D.Confusinglanes.2.WhatdotheAlphonseandMafiahaveinmon?A.Theyofferfreedivingopportunities.B.Theyarerichindiversemarinelife.C.Theyhaveenvironmentalinitiatives.D.Theyarepopulartouristattractions.3.Ifyouwanttotastelocalspecialties,whereshouldyougo?A.Zanzibar,Tanzania. B.Alphonse,Seychelles.C.Mafia,Tanzania. D.Havelock,AndamanIslands,India.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了印度洋上四個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)而美麗的度假勝地，包括塞舌爾的阿爾方斯島、坦桑尼亞的桑給巴爾、坦桑尼亞的馬菲亞島和印度的安達(dá)曼群島上的哈夫洛克島，每個(gè)地方都有其獨(dú)特的魅力?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Zanzibar,Tanzania部分的“InZanzibar’shistoricalcapitalcity,theStoneTownneighbourhoodremainsafascinatingAfricanArabianbination,withformerSultans’palacesintheconfusinglanes(小路).(在桑給巴爾的歷史首都，石頭城社區(qū)仍是一個(gè)迷人的非洲阿拉伯組合，前蘇丹的宮殿位于令人困惑的小巷中。)”可知，桑給巴爾作為印度洋目的地的獨(dú)特之處在于其歷史建筑。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alphonse,Seychelles部分的“Thesurroundingpancakeflatatolls(環(huán)礁)areaNoah’sArkforrarewedgetailedshearwaters,boobiesandotherastonishingsealife;(周?chē)谋★灎瞽h(huán)礁是稀有的楔尾海鷗、鰹鳥(niǎo)和其他驚人的海洋生物的諾亞方舟；)”以及Mafia,Tanzania部分的“HereMafiaIslandMarineParkoffersaround320sqmilesofdivingopportunitiesjustoffshore:expecttoseehealthycoralreefs,walldivesandchannelswheredugonggraze.Humpbackwhalesandhawksbillturtlesalsocallthisregionhome.(在這里，馬菲亞島海洋公園提供了大約320平方英里的潛水機(jī)會(huì)：期待看到健康的珊瑚礁、壁潛和海牛放牧的通道。座頭鯨和綠海龜也把這片區(qū)域稱為家園。)”可知，阿爾方斯和馬菲亞的共同點(diǎn)是它們都擁有豐富的海洋生物多樣性。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Havelock,AndamanIslands,India部分的“Havelock’scharmisitsauthenticity:invillages,familiesrideinrickshaws,roadsideeateriesrustleupfishcurryandthere’schaiatstreetstalls.Bythetimeyouleaveyou’llquestionwhyyoudidn’tbookforlonger.(哈夫洛克的魅力在于它的真實(shí)性：在村莊里，家庭乘坐人力車(chē)，路邊餐館烹制魚(yú)咖喱，街邊攤位有茶。當(dāng)你離開(kāi)時(shí)，你會(huì)質(zhì)疑為什么沒(méi)有預(yù)訂更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。)”可知，如果你想品嘗當(dāng)?shù)靥厣朗?，?yīng)該去印度的安達(dá)曼群島上的哈夫洛克島。故選D項(xiàng)。BAsIgrowup,ourshelveswerefullofcookbooks,eachfullofmymum’shandwriting.Includedinthehandwritingweredateswhenrecipeshadbeencooked,whothey’dbeencookedfor,whetherornottheywereanygood,andanyalterationsthathadtobemade(“toosalty,”“doubletherecipe,”“didn’thavethis,usedthatinstead”).Whereotherformsofliteraturecanfeelrare,evenprecioustosome,cookbookspermitthiskindofwriting.Truthbetold,cookbooksIoftengobacktoareobviousbeforeyoueventurntothem—wrinkledpaper,spottedandmarked.I’vehalvedtheamountofsugarinacakerecipefromRukminiIyers’TheGreenRoastingTin.I’veaddedaspicymixtoacarrotsaladfromRubyTandoh’sFlavour.Forbetterorworse,thecookbooksIownareownedbynobodyelse.Ifyoudothistoo,andfeelguiltyaboutwritingthroughthoroughlytestedrecipesormessingupbeautifulpaper,youneedn’t.Thepracticeofwritingoncookbooksisessentialtotheexperienceofreading,andindeed,usingthem.Oftenthesenotescanprovideawindowintotheowner’slife,whichisoneofthereasonswhycookbooksareoftenhandeddownwithinfamilies.Inmanycasestheyaretheonlywrittenrecordswehavefromourlovedones.Ithinkthattheyaretellingstoriesandinvitingconversations.Impliedinconversationistalkingback,exchangingsomethingwiththelovedones,andmaybeexchangingsomethingwithaversionofyourselfinthefuture.SometimesIwonderwhatI’mbuyingwhenIbuycookbooks.IsitinspirationtodosomethingI’venotdonebefore,orpermissiontogivemyselfthetimetofeeladdictedtoahobby?MyfriendEllasumsupherowninsightintofoodwritingsimplywith“writingaboutfoodiswritingaboutbeingalive,”somaybethat’swhatI’mbuying,andwhatweallare.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’smom?A.Shewasaprofessionalcook. B.Shecollectedliteratureworks.C.Sheoftenmadenotesoncookbooks. D.Shewrotepopularcookbooks.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthewritingincookbooks?A.Itimproveslifequality. B.Itcarriesfuturedreams.C.Ithelpsprehenditswriter. D.Itmakesrecipeseasytoread.6.Whydoestheauthorbuycookbooks?A.Torecordherlifeofcooking. B.Tomeetherhobby.C.Toshareideaswithfriends. D.Togaincookinginspiration.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhyWeNeedtoBuyCookbooksB.HowWeAdjustRecipesinCookbooksC.WhyWeShouldBeWritinginCookbooksD.HowWePassDownCookbookswithNotes【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這篇文章屬于記敘文，通過(guò)講述作者在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中與烹飪書(shū)籍的親密關(guān)系，探討了在烹飪書(shū)籍中寫(xiě)作的重要性和個(gè)人體驗(yàn)。作者通過(guò)描述在烹飪書(shū)籍上留下的筆記和修改，以及通過(guò)這些記載展示生活和傳承的意義，表達(dá)了對(duì)于在書(shū)籍上書(shū)寫(xiě)的理解和認(rèn)可。同時(shí)，作者也反思自己購(gòu)買(mǎi)烹飪書(shū)籍的動(dòng)機(jī)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AsIgrowup,ourshelveswerefullofcookbooks,eachfullofmymum’shandwriting.Includedinthehandwritingweredateswhenrecipeshadbeencooked,whothey’dbeencookedfor,whetherornottheywereanygood,andanyalterationsthathadtobemade(在我成長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中，我們的書(shū)架上滿是烹飪書(shū)籍，每一本書(shū)上都寫(xiě)滿了我媽媽的手跡。這些手跡里包含了食譜被烹飪的日期、為誰(shuí)而做、是否美味，以及需要進(jìn)行的任何修改)”可知，作者的媽媽經(jīng)常在食譜上做筆記。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thepracticeofwritingoncookbooksisessentialtotheexperienceofreading,andindeed,usingthem.Oftenthesenotescanprovideawindowintotheowner’slife,whichisoneofthereasonswhycookbooksareoftenhandeddownwithinfamilies.Inmanycasestheyaretheonlywrittenrecordswehavefromourlovedones.Ithinkthattheyaretellingstoriesandinvitingconversations.(在烹飪書(shū)籍上書(shū)寫(xiě)的習(xí)慣對(duì)于閱讀體驗(yàn)和實(shí)際使用它們而言至關(guān)重要。通常這些筆記可以展示書(shū)主人的生活，這也是烹飪書(shū)籍經(jīng)常在家庭中傳承的原因之一。在許多情況下，它們是我們從親人那里唯一擁有的書(shū)面記錄。我認(rèn)為它們正在講述故事并引發(fā)對(duì)話)”可知，作者提到食譜中的寫(xiě)作即筆記對(duì)于閱讀和使用食譜至關(guān)重要。這些筆記揭示所有者的生活，引發(fā)對(duì)話并講述故事。這表明作者認(rèn)為食譜中的書(shū)寫(xiě)的筆記有助于理解筆記書(shū)寫(xiě)者。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“SometimesIwonderwhatI’mbuyingwhenIbuycookbooks.IsitinspirationtodosomethingI’venotdonebefore,orpermissiontogivemyselfthetimetofeeladdictedtoahobby?MyfriendEllasumsupherowninsightintofoodwritingsimplywith“writingaboutfoodiswritingaboutbeingalive,”somaybethat’swhatI’mbuying,andwhatweallare.(有時(shí)候我會(huì)想，在購(gòu)買(mǎi)烹飪書(shū)籍時(shí)我在買(mǎi)什么。是激發(fā)我尚未嘗試過(guò)的事物的靈感，還是允許自己花時(shí)間沉迷于一項(xiàng)愛(ài)好的許可？我的朋友艾拉簡(jiǎn)單地總結(jié)了她對(duì)食物寫(xiě)作的見(jiàn)解：“寫(xiě)食物就是寫(xiě)活著”，也許那就是我和我們所有人要購(gòu)買(mǎi)的東西)”可知，作者贊同朋友的見(jiàn)解“寫(xiě)食物就是寫(xiě)活著”，作者購(gòu)買(mǎi)食譜是為了在食譜上寫(xiě)筆記，記錄獲得嘗試新事物的靈感或自己一些享受烹飪生活的美好時(shí)光。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章通過(guò)講述作者在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中與烹飪書(shū)籍的親密關(guān)系，探討了在烹飪書(shū)籍中寫(xiě)作的重要性和個(gè)人體驗(yàn)。作者通過(guò)描述在烹飪書(shū)籍上留下的筆記和修改，以及通過(guò)這些記載展示生活和傳承的意義，表達(dá)了對(duì)于在書(shū)籍上書(shū)寫(xiě)的理解和認(rèn)可。同時(shí)，作者也反思自己購(gòu)買(mǎi)烹飪書(shū)籍的動(dòng)機(jī)，故標(biāo)題“為什么我們應(yīng)該在食譜中寫(xiě)作”體現(xiàn)文章這一主旨。故選C。CDoyouusetheweekendstocatchuponsleep?Ifso,youmaywanttorethinkthat.Sincethe1990s,scientistshaveunderstoodthatlackingsleepcanharmpeople’shealth.Thechangesitcausescanleadtoobesityanddiabetes.Yetinarecentsurvey,alittlemorethanoneineverythreeU.S.adultsreportedsleepingfewerthantheremendedsevenhoursanight.Weekendsmayseemlikeagreattimetocatchuponsleep.Scientists,however,weren’tsurethatwouldwork.SoChristopherDiner,asleepphysiologistattheUniversityofColoradoandhiscolleaguesdecidedtotestitout.Theteamlookedatthreegroupsofpeopleintheirmid20s.Forroughlytwoweeks,eachgroupfollowedasetsleepschedule.Onegroupsleptabouteighthourseverynight.Anothergrouponlygotaboutfivehoursofshuteyeanight.Thethirdgroupsleptsomefivehourseachweeknight,butcouldsleepwheneverandhowevermuchtheywantedovertheweekend.Thegroupswithlesssleepsnackedmoreatnight,gainedmoreweight,andsawtheirinsulin(胰島素)sensitivitydropparedtothegroupgettingninehoursanight,saidthestudy.Thegroupthatreceivedtwodaystocatchuponsleepsawsomesmallimprovementsthatwerelostoncetheyreturnedtoashortersleepschedule.Peopleinthestudywhogottoolittlesleepeverynightgainedweight.Sodidtheweekendsleepincrowd.“Intheend,wedidn’tseeanybenefitinanymetabolic(新陳代謝的)outeinthepeoplewhogottosleepinontheweekend,”ChrisDepner,anassistantresearchprofessorofthestudysaidinastatement.Insomecases,insulinsensitivityamongmembersofthegroupwiththeweekendtocatchupdeclinedmorethanthosewhoconsistentlysleptfivehoursanight,saidthestudy.8.WhydidDinerandhisteamconductthestudy?A.Toassistdoctors’work. B.Tofinishanassignment.C.Toprovetheirassumption. D.Toremovetheirdoubt.9.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthetest?A.Byusingaquestionnaire. B.Byparingthreesleeppatterns.C.Bytrackingonegroupfortwoweeks. D.Bymakingcauseandeffectanalyses.10.Whatdoweknowaboutcatchinguponsleepaccordingtothestudy?A.Itrequiresfurtherstudy. B.Itmakesnodifferencetohealth.C.Itmayleadtoaregularsleeppattern. D.Itmaybringmoreharmthanbenefits.11.Whatmaythefollowingparagraphprobablyfocuson?A.Waysofcatchinguponsleep. B.Benefitsofexerciseforsleep.C.Suggestionsonhealthysleep. D.Disordersfromlackingsleep.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)對(duì)健康影響的研究。研究表明，周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)并不能抵消工作日睡眠不足帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響，甚至可能帶來(lái)更多的健康問(wèn)題。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Scientists,however,weren'tsurethatwouldwork.SoChristopherDiner,asleepphysiologistattheUniversityofColoradoandhiscolleaguesdecidedtotestitout.(然而，科學(xué)家們不確定這是否可行。所以科羅拉多大學(xué)的睡眠生理學(xué)家克里斯托弗·迪納和他的同事們決定進(jìn)行測(cè)試)”可知，迪納和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是為了消除他們的疑慮。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theteamlookedatthreegroupsofpeopleintheirmid20s.Forroughlytwoweeks,eachgroupfollowedasetsleepschedule.Onegroupsleptabouteighthourseverynight.Anothergrouponlygotaboutfivehoursofshuteyeanight.Thethirdgroupsleptsomefivehourseachweeknight,butcouldsleepwheneverandhowevermuchtheywantedovertheweekend.(研究小組觀察了三組25歲左右的人。大約兩周的時(shí)間里，每組都遵循固定的睡眠時(shí)間表。一組每晚睡大約8個(gè)小時(shí)。另一組每晚只睡大約5個(gè)小時(shí)。第三組工作日每晚睡5個(gè)小時(shí)左右，但周末可以想睡多久就睡多久)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)比較三種睡眠模式來(lái)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Intheend,wedidn’tseeanybenefitinanymetabolic(新陳代謝的)outeinthepeoplewhogottosleepinontheweekend(最后，我們沒(méi)有看到周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)的人在新陳代謝方面有任何好處)”以及“Insomecases,insulinsensitivityamongmembersofthegroupwiththeweekendtocatchupdeclinedmorethanthosewhoconsistentlysleptfivehoursanight(在某些情況下，周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)組的胰島素敏感性下降幅度比那些一直每晚睡5個(gè)小時(shí)的人還要大)”可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，補(bǔ)覺(jué)可能帶來(lái)的危害大于好處。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Intheend,wedidn’tseeanybenefitinanymetabolic(新陳代謝的)outeinthepeoplewhogottosleepinontheweekend(最后，我們沒(méi)有看到周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)的人在新陳代謝方面有任何好處)”以及“Insomecases,insulinsensitivityamongmembersofthegroupwiththeweekendtocatchupdeclinedmorethanthosewhoconsistentlysleptfivehoursanight(在某些情況下，周末補(bǔ)覺(jué)組的胰島素敏感性下降幅度比那些一直每晚睡5個(gè)小時(shí)的人還要大)”可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，補(bǔ)覺(jué)對(duì)健康沒(méi)有好處，那么接下來(lái)可能會(huì)給出關(guān)于健康睡眠的建議。故選C項(xiàng)。DedianSarahSilvermanrecentlyjoinedforceswithbestsellingwritersChristopherGoldenandRichardKadreyagainsttwounlikelyopponents:ChatGPT’screatorOpenAIandMetaPlatforms.Thewritersfiledacopyrightinfringement(侵犯)caseinearlyJulyinwhichtheyclaimtheircopyrightedbookswereusedwithouttheirpermissionaspartoftrainingdatasetforChatGPTandsimilarAImodels.Here’sacriticalpointtoremember:AIslikeChatGPTdon’tparrotbookswordforword.Theygeneratenewcontentbasedonpatternslearnedfromthetrainingdata.Thespecificwordsandsentencesformedaren’tdirectcopiesfromcopyrightedbooks,blurringthelinesoftraditionalinfringement.Ihaveavisionthere’saslimchancethiscasewillholdup,butthefinalcallisinthehandsofthecourts.Thecornerstoneofhumanlearningisimitation(模仿).Thenatureofintelligence—whetherbiologicalorartificialrestsontheabilitytorecognizepatternsandapplythemininnovativeways.AI,suchasChatGPT,operatessimilarly.Itlearnsfromitsenvironment—inthiscase,theextensivedatabasetsoftext—andimitatespatternsitfinds.That’showitcanposeastrikinglyhumanlikestringoftextdespitehavingnoconsciousnessorcreativity.Thecurrentcasechallengesthisunderstanding,claimingthatAI’smethodoflearningbreakscopyrightlaw.Somepublishersprovideapensation(補(bǔ)償)strategy.Buttherearepotentialissueswiththisapproach.First,itsbeingineffectmightposeenormous,evenunoverechallenges.ThelargescaleofdatathatAImodelslikeChatGPTtakeinfortrainingthousandsofbooks,millionsofarticles,andmoremakesitimpracticaltotrackdowneverysinglecopyrightholderandnegotiatetermsforuse.ThiscouldresultinhighexpensesforAIdevelopers,potentiallypreventinginnovationanddestroyingpublicmodels.Buthere’saninterestingparadox(悖論)toconsider:ThevictoryofwritersagainstformalAIserviceprovidersmaynotendtheissue.Farfromit.Theouteofthisunfoldingdramacouldbemorethanasimplecourtroomwinorloss;itcouldfundamentallyredefinetheboundariesofartificialintelligenceandcopyrightlaw.12.Whatmaybetheresultofthecaseintheauthor’sview?A.AImaygetawaywithit. B.Writersmaygainhugebenefit.C.AI’sworksmaybebanned. D.Metaplatformsmaybeclosed.13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.TherelianceofAIonhumans.B.TheapplicationofAI’simitation.C.TheroleofAIinhumanlearning.D.ThemonfeatureofAIandhumanbrain.14Whatwillthepensationstrategybringabout?A.TheceasingofAIdevelopment. B.Lackofsustainablequalitydata.C.Theprotestsfromthepublishers. D.FinancialburdensforAIdevelopers.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Toclarifyhisorherstand. B.Topresentanexample.C.Tomakesomeparison. D.Toaddbackgroundinformation.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。主要討論了SaraSilverman、ChristopherGolden和RichardKadrey對(duì)OpenAI和Meta的版權(quán)侵權(quán)訴訟，分析了AI學(xué)習(xí)模式與版權(quán)法之間的沖突，以及可能的法律和行業(yè)影響，提出了補(bǔ)償策略實(shí)施的難題，并探討了案件結(jié)果可能帶來(lái)的AI和版權(quán)法界線的根本性改變。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“edianSarahSilvermanrecentlyjoinedforceswithbestsellingwritersChristopherGoldenandRichardKadreyagainsttwounlikelyopponents:ChatGPT’screatorOpenAIandMetaPlatforms.(喜劇演員SarahSilverman最近與暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)作家克里斯托弗·戈登（ChristopherGolden）和理查德·凱德里（RichardKadrey）聯(lián)手對(duì)抗兩個(gè)不太可能的對(duì)手：ChatGPT的創(chuàng)作者OpenAI和MetaPlatforms。)”以及第二段“Ihaveavisionthere’saslimchancethiscasewillholdup,butthefinalcallisinthehandsofthecourts.(我有一個(gè)想象，這個(gè)案子維持下去的可能性很小，但最終決定權(quán)在法院手中。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)案件勝訴的可能性很小，案件的結(jié)果是人工智能可能會(huì)逃脫懲罰。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thecornerstoneofhumanlearningisimitation(模仿).Thenatureofintelligence—whetherbiologicalorartificialrestsontheabilitytorecognizepatternsandapplythemininnovativeways.AI,suchasChatGPT,operatessimilarly.Itlearnsfromitsenvironment—inthiscase,theextensivedatabasetsoftext—andimitatespatternsitfinds.That’showitcanposeastrikinglyhumanlikestringoftextdespitehavingnoconsciousnessorcreativity.(人類(lèi)學(xué)習(xí)的基石是模仿。無(wú)論是生物的還是人工的，智能的本質(zhì)都取決于識(shí)別模式并以創(chuàng)新的方式應(yīng)用它們的能力。人工智能，如ChatGPT，也有類(lèi)似的運(yùn)作方式。它從環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)——在本案件中是大量的文本數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)——并模仿它發(fā)現(xiàn)的模式。這就是為什么它可以在沒(méi)有意識(shí)或創(chuàng)造力的情況下寫(xiě)出一系列引人注目的人類(lèi)文本。)”可知，人工智能有和人腦類(lèi)似的運(yùn)行方式，本段主要介紹了人工智能與人腦的共同特征。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Somepublishersprovideapensation(補(bǔ)償)strategy.Buttherearepotentialissueswiththisapproach.First,itsbeingineffectmightposeenormous,evenunoverechallenges.ThelargescaleofdatathatAImodelslikeChatGPTtakeinfortrainingthousandsofbooks,millionsofarticles,andmoremakesitimpracticaltotrackdowneverysinglecopyrightholderandnegotiatetermsforuse.ThiscouldresultinhighexpensesforAIdevelopers,potentiallypreventinginnovationanddestroyingpublicmodels.(一些出版商提供了補(bǔ)償策略。但這種方法也存在潛在的問(wèn)題。首先，它的生效可能會(huì)帶來(lái)巨大的、甚至無(wú)法克服的挑戰(zhàn)。像ChatGPT這樣的人工智能模型吸收用于訓(xùn)練的數(shù)千本書(shū)、數(shù)百萬(wàn)篇文章等的大量數(shù)據(jù)，使得追蹤每一位版權(quán)持有人并協(xié)商使用條款變得不切實(shí)際。這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人工智能開(kāi)發(fā)者的高昂支出，可能會(huì)阻礙創(chuàng)新并破壞公共模型。)”可知，補(bǔ)償策略可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人工智能開(kāi)發(fā)者的高昂支出，即造成人工智能開(kāi)發(fā)者的財(cái)務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Buthere’saninterestingparadox(悖論)toconsider:ThevictoryofwritersagainstformalAIserviceprovidersmaynotendtheissue.Farfromit.Theouteofthisunfoldingdramacouldbemorethanasimplecourtroomwinorloss;itcouldfundamentallyredefinetheboundariesofartificialintelligenceandcopyrightlaw.(但這里有一個(gè)有趣的悖論需要考慮：作家戰(zhàn)勝正式的人工智能服務(wù)提供商可能不會(huì)結(jié)束這個(gè)問(wèn)題。遠(yuǎn)非如此。這場(chǎng)正在上演的戲劇的結(jié)果可能不僅僅是一場(chǎng)簡(jiǎn)單的法庭輸贏；它可以從根本上重新定義人工智能和版權(quán)法的界限。)”可知，作者提出一種悖論，即作家們即使贏得了官司，問(wèn)題也可能遠(yuǎn)未解決，這可能從根本上重新定義人工智能和版權(quán)法的界限，作者在本段打算澄清自己的立場(chǎng)，即這場(chǎng)官司的影響可能遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出法庭上的勝負(fù)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，共12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhenitstartstosmelllikehomeIncasualconversations,governmentdocuments,andformaljobinterviews,thereisasimplequestion:“Whereareyoufrom?”___16___IcouldsayIamfromPeru—mybirthplace,orMexicowhereIspentthemajorityofmychildhood,ortheUnitedStateswhosecultureisdeeplyrootedintomylife.NomatterwhatanswerIchoose,asmallvoicewhispersinmyhead:IamnotenoughtosayIamfromPeru,Mexico,ortheUnitedStates.Tobefromsomewherecarriesexpectationsofunderstanding,accepting,andreforming“your”culture,“your”home.___17___Likedandelion(蒲公英),draggedbythewavesofthewind,brokenpartsofmearespreadacrossthethreecountriesandinthreedifferenttimes,andfurthertornapartinmanymoresmallermoments.___18___Theyare“goinghome”forschoolbreaks.Asstudentswhofrequentlymovemayalsounderstand,Ihaveneverseenmylivingspaceas“home”.So,doesthismeanIdonothave,andwillneverhaveahome?Yesorso,Ithought.Iresignedmyselftolivewiththissenseofsadnessuntilveryrecently.WhenIwaswalkingthroughasupermarket,amemorablesmellofbreaddriftedintomynose.WheneverMomandIwouldstopbythebakerysectionofHEB,aMexicansupermarket,shewouldbuymethischeapsausagebread,thekindwherethesausagewouldfalloutofitonthefirstbiteandyou’relefteatingthebuttery,saltybreadbyitself.___19___Sadly,evenwiththisinnerfeeling,nothingouterhaschanged.Iwillalwaysfeelasenseoflossinnothavingaphysicalhometo“gobackto”.Yetwhenasmellcatchesmeoffguardwiththememoriesitbrings,IamluckyenoughtofeellikeIam“athome”inthesebriefmoments.___20___A.Icanneveranswerwithouthesitating.B.InsteadwhatbetterhomecanIaskfor?C.Asiftheblowndandelionhavelandedtogrow.D.Thissometimesleadstounfortablefeelings.E.Butwhatdoesittakeforsomethingtobe“mine”?F.TherearetimeswhenIfeelenviousofmyfriends.G.Asimplesmellofbreadbringsupasimplepleasure.【答案】16.A17.E18.F19.G20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，作者通過(guò)自己的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷探討了“家”的概念。作者出生于秘魯，在墨西哥度過(guò)了童年的大部分時(shí)間，又深受美國(guó)文化的影響。文章通過(guò)作者的內(nèi)心感受和對(duì)“家”的思考，展現(xiàn)了跨文化背景下對(duì)歸屬感的追尋?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Incasualconversations,governmentdocuments,andformaljobinterviews,thereisasimplequestion:“Whereareyoufrom?”(在隨意的交談、政府文件和正式的工作面試中，都有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題：“你來(lái)自哪里？”)”以及下文“IcouldsayIamfromPeru—mybirthplace,orMexicowhereIspentthemajorityofmychildhood,ortheUnitedStateswhosecultureisdeeplyrootedintomylife.(我可以說(shuō)我來(lái)自秘魯——我的出生地，或者我童年大部分時(shí)間所在的墨西哥，或者文化深深扎根于我生活的美國(guó))”可知，對(duì)于“來(lái)自哪里”這個(gè)問(wèn)題，作者難以明確回答，A選項(xiàng)“Icanneveranswerwithouthesitating.(我總是猶豫著無(wú)法回答)”符合此處語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Tobefromsomewherecarriesexpectationsofunderstanding,accepting,andreforming“your”culture,“your”home.(來(lái)自某個(gè)地方意味著要理解、接受和改造“你的”文化、“你的”家)”可知，這里在思考什么才能成為“我的”，E選項(xiàng)“Butwhatdoesittakeforsomethingtobe“mine”?(但要讓某個(gè)東西成為“我的”需要什么呢？)”承接上文，符合邏輯。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theyare“goinghome”forschoolbreaks.Asstudentswhofrequentlymovemayalsounderstand,Ihaveneverseenmylivingspaceas“home”.(他們?cè)趯W(xué)校放假時(shí)“回家”。作為經(jīng)常搬家的學(xué)生可能也能理解，我從未把我生活的地方視為“家”。)”可知，此處是說(shuō)作者有時(shí)會(huì)羨慕那些能回家的朋友，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“TherearetimeswhenIfeelenviousofmyfriends.(有時(shí)我會(huì)羨慕我的朋友們)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“WheneverMomandIwouldstopbythebakerysectionofHEB,aMexicansupermarket,shewouldbuymethischeapsausagebread,thekindwherethesausagewouldfalloutofitonthefirstbiteandyou’relefteatingthebuttery,saltybreadbyitself.(每當(dāng)媽媽和我在墨西哥超市HEB的面包區(qū)停留時(shí)，她都會(huì)給我買(mǎi)這種便宜的香腸面包，那種咬一口香腸就會(huì)掉出來(lái)，然后你就只能自己吃黃油咸面包的那種)”可知，這里在說(shuō)面包的味道帶來(lái)的簡(jiǎn)單快樂(lè)，G選項(xiàng)“Asimplesmellofbreadbringsupasimplepleasure.(面包的簡(jiǎn)單氣味帶來(lái)了簡(jiǎn)單的快樂(lè))”符合此處邏輯。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sadly,evenwiththisinnerfeeling,nothingouterhaschanged.Iwillalwaysfeelasenseoflossinnothavingaphysicalhometo“gobackto”.Yetwhenasmellcatchesmeoffguardwiththememoriesitbrings,IamluckyenoughtofeellikeIam“athome”inthesebriefmoments.(可悲的是，即使有這種內(nèi)心的感覺(jué)，外在的一切都沒(méi)有改變。我總是會(huì)因?yàn)闆](méi)有一個(gè)可以“回去”的實(shí)體的家而感到失落。然而，當(dāng)一種氣味帶著它帶來(lái)的記憶讓我措手不及時(shí)，我很幸運(yùn)能在這些短暫的時(shí)刻感覺(jué)自己“在家”。)”可知，雖然作者沒(méi)有真正的一個(gè)實(shí)體的家可以回，但是香腸面包的氣味讓作者感覺(jué)回到了家，就像飄散的蒲公英落地生根，C選項(xiàng)“Asiftheblowndandelionhavelandedtogrow.(就好像被吹走的蒲公英已經(jīng)落地生長(zhǎng))”符合文意。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ValentinaDominguez,a9yearoldPlano,Texas,facedeverychild’snightmarewhensheaccidentally___21___herbelovedAmericanGirldoll,Beatrice,onaplaneinTokyo.Beatricewasn’tjustany___22___shewas,asValentina___23___,her“bestfriend”.Thefamily’sinitialeffortstorecoverBeatriceproved___24___.Withoutlosinghope,they___25___totheairlineandalsopostedaboutthemissingdollonFacebook.Thefamily’sprayerswere___26___whenJamesDanen,aFirstOfficerwithAmericanAirlines,cameacrossthe___27___.HavingflowntoTokyofrequentlysince1993,Danentookituponhimselftohelp.Hesaid,“It’smy___28___.Ilikehelpingpeople...that’sjustwhatIlikedoing.”Danen___29___theLostandFoundatTokyo’sHanedaAirport.Ittookasecondattempt,buthewaseventuallyableto____30____thetreasureddoll.Addingasprinkleofjoytothejourney,Danen____31____Beatrice’stravels,capturingphotosofherinvariousairportsandduringflightsonthewaybacktoTexas.August21turnedouttobeadayof____32____fortheDominguezfamily.Livingonlyafewmilesaway,Danen____33____deliveredBeatricetoanoverjoyedValentina.The____34____wasmadeevenmorespecialwiththeadditionofalargemap,____35____theadventurousjourneyBeatricehadundertaken.21.A.packed B.received C.tore D.left22.A.toy B.present C.classmate D.friend23.A.doubts B.proposes C.describes D.discovers24.A.useful B.fruitless C.innovative D.indefinite25.A.gavein B.reachedout C.lookedup D.setoff26.A.answered B.performed C.recited D.mented27.A.pilot B.girl C.doll D.post28.A.hobby B.job C.nature D.turn29.A.founded B.surveyed C.managed D.con