升高二暑假專題11必修一U5LanguagesAroundtheWorld溫故知新練2024年暑假英語升高二銜接學(xué)案

【夏日FUN學(xué)】2024年暑假英語升高二銜接學(xué)案專題11：必修一U5LanguagesAroundtheWorld溫故知新練（解析版）一、漢譯英1．n．指稱關(guān)系；參考→vi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫……求助于2．a(chǎn)dj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的→vt.以……為基礎(chǔ)n．底部；根據(jù)→n．基礎(chǔ)→adj.基礎(chǔ)的3．n．異體；多樣化→v．變化；不同→adj.各種各樣的4．a(chǎn)dj.主要的n．主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修→n．大多數(shù)5．a(chǎn)dj.全球的；全世界的→n．地球；地球儀6．vt.欣賞；感激；領(lǐng)會(huì)→n．感激；欣賞→adj.感激的7．vt.懇求；祈求→n．乞丐8．n．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的→adv.平等地→n．平等9．n．要求；需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要→adj.要求高的10．n．描寫(文字)；形容→vt.描述11．vt.聯(lián)系；講述→adj.相關(guān)的→n．關(guān)系→n．關(guān)系【答案】1．referencerefer2．basedbasebasisbasic3．varietyvaryvarious4．majormajority5．globalglobe6．a(chǎn)ppreciateappreciationappreciative7．begbeggar8．equalequallyequality9．demanddemanding10．descriptiondescribe11．relaterelatedrelationrelationship二、根據(jù)中英文提示填空12．D(雖然)thefactthatshewasalreadyaninternationallyrenownedscientist,TuYouyoushowednointerestinfame.【答案】Despite/espite【詳解】考查介詞。句意：盡管屠呦呦已經(jīng)是國際知名的科學(xué)家的事實(shí)，但她對名利毫無興趣。由首字母提示D和空格后的thefactthat可知，“雖然”是介詞despite，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填Despite。13．Spaceexplorationprovidesas(象征)ofnationalpride.【答案】symbol/ymbol【詳解】考查名詞。句意：太空探索是民族自豪感的象征。象征為symbol，作賓語。再根據(jù)a可知，用單數(shù)形式。故填symbol。14．Livinginthewildmeansas(斗爭)againstnature.【答案】struggle/truggle【詳解】考查名詞。句意：生活在野外意味著與自然作斗爭。“斗爭”為名詞struggle，作賓語，由a可知，應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填struggle。15．Iwoulda(感激)itifyoucouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.【答案】appreciate/ppreciate【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你能幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語，我會(huì)很感激的。感激為appreciate，would后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填appreciate。16．MartinLutherKingencouragedblackpeopletoachievetheirgoalsofe(平等的)treatment.【答案】equal/qual【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：馬丁·路德·金鼓勵(lì)黑人實(shí)現(xiàn)平等對待的目標(biāo)。“平等的”修飾名詞treatment，結(jié)合首字母提示，用形容詞equal作定語。故填equal。17．Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoshopinasupermarketasitoffersav(多樣化)ofgoods.【答案】variety/ariety【詳解】考查名詞。句意：越來越多的人選擇在超市購物，因?yàn)樗峁└鞣N各樣的商品。根據(jù)中英文提示可知應(yīng)用名詞variety，構(gòu)成avarietyof表示“各種各樣的”。故填variety。18．D(盡管；雖然)economicuncertaintiesandeffectsofthedepression,consumershavecontinuedtospendalotofmoneyonline.【答案】Despite/espite【詳解】考查介詞。句意：盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)不確定性和大蕭條的影響，消費(fèi)者仍繼續(xù)在網(wǎng)上消費(fèi)。根據(jù)首字母以及漢語提示可知，空處需要介詞despite“盡管，雖然”，和后面的名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語。故填Despite。19．Youngpeopleintheneweraneedtodevelopag(全球的)perspective.【答案】global/lobal【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：新時(shí)代的年輕人需要培養(yǎng)全球視野。由空后的perspective可知應(yīng)填形容詞形式作定語，修飾perspective，根據(jù)漢語提示及句意，故填global。20．Subwayisanenvironmentallyfriendlym(方式，方法)oftransportation.【答案】means/eans【詳解】考查名詞。句意：地鐵是一種環(huán)保的交通工具。根據(jù)中英文提示和空后的oftransportation可知，這里表示交通方式，應(yīng)用means，為單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，在句中作表語。故填means。21．Iappreciateyourpositivea(態(tài)度)towardslife.【答案】attitude/ttitude【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我欣賞你對生活的積極態(tài)度。根據(jù)中英文提示可知應(yīng)填名詞attitude，作賓語。故填attitude。22．Achild’sdevelopmentisdependentonmanyf(因素，要素).【答案】factors/actors【詳解】考查名詞。句意：孩子的發(fā)育取決于許多因素。根據(jù)漢語提示“因素，要素”及首字母提示可知，此處使用名詞factor，結(jié)合句意和many可知，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，作on的賓語。故填factors。23．Severalm(重要的；大的)paniesaresupportingtheproject.【答案】major/ajor【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：幾家大公司正在對這一項(xiàng)目提供資助。根據(jù)首字母和漢語提示可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞major，修飾名詞panies，作定語。故填major。24．Sotherewasn’tanyplanandtherewasnos(特定的)training.【答案】specific/pecific【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：所以沒有任何計(jì)劃，也沒有專門的培訓(xùn)。根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示可知，此處使用形容詞specific，修飾名詞training，作定語。故填specific。25．Pricesaregovernedbymarketd(需求).【答案】demand/emand【詳解】考查名詞。句意：價(jià)格由市場需求決定。句中用名詞作賓語。marketdemand市場需求，作不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)中英文提示及句意，故填demand。26．Iryouasmybestfriend.(視為)【答案】recognize/ecognize/recognise/ecognise/regard/egard【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我把你視為我最好的朋友。根據(jù)中英文提示，以r開頭且表示“視為”含義的動(dòng)詞為：recognize或regard，recognize的另一種拼寫形式為：recognise，因句子表達(dá)的是一種客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填recognize或recognise或regard。27．Inselectingadictionary,checkthefeaturesitoffersbesidesv(詞匯)definitions.【答案】vocabulary/ocabulary【詳解】考查名詞。句意：在選擇詞典時(shí)，除了詞匯定義外，還要檢查它提供的功能。根據(jù)漢語提示，可知空白處應(yīng)填名詞，根據(jù)中英文提示，以v開頭且含義為“詞匯”的名詞為：vocabulary，故填vocabulary。28．Theproducthasfilledaginthemarket.（缺口）【答案】gap/ap【詳解】考查名詞。句意：該產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)填補(bǔ)了市場上的空白。設(shè)空處為名詞作賓語，根據(jù)中英文提示，gap“缺口”符合句意，不定冠詞修飾用單數(shù)，故填gap。29．Thisa(公寓)islocatedinthecentreofthebusinessdistrictwhereyoumayenjoyyourlifeasmuchasyoulike.【答案】apartment/partment【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這個(gè)公寓位于商業(yè)區(qū)的中心，你可以盡情享受你的生活。根據(jù)漢語意思提示可知，此處為名詞apartment“公寓”，滿足句意要求。做主語。故填apartment。30．AsIgrowolder,Iliketorereadthec(經(jīng)典作品)regularly.【答案】classics/lassics【詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨著年齡的增長，我喜歡定期重讀名著。分析句子可知，空處作reread的賓語，表示“經(jīng)典作品”用classic，為名詞，此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示一類事物。故填classics。31．You’dbettermakefullpreparationsbeforeclassandhaveabriefunderstandingofthehistoryofTangD(朝代).【答案】Dynasty/ynasty【詳解】考查名詞。句意：你最好在上課前做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，對唐朝的歷史有一個(gè)簡要的了解。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及漢語提示可知應(yīng)填名詞dynasty，此處為專有名詞首字母要大寫。故填Dynasty。三、完成句子32．(同樣重要)aregoodstudyhabits,usefulskillsandapositiveattitude.（表語前置倒裝）【答案】Ofequalimportance【詳解】考查倒裝句。句意：良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣、有用的技能和積極的態(tài)度同樣重要。結(jié)合漢語提示“同樣重要”是beofequalimportance，結(jié)合提示要求“表語前置倒裝”可知放在系動(dòng)詞are前構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。句首首字母大寫，故填Ofequalimportance。33．We’djustreachedthemotorwaywhen(汽油用完了).【答案】thepetrolranout/thepetrolwasusedup【詳解】考查名詞，動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們剛開到高速公路，汽油就用完了。本句是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，根據(jù)所給中文提示詞，主語是“汽油”譯為“thepetrol”，“用完”可用動(dòng)詞短語runout為不及物動(dòng)詞短語，用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù)前文可知，用一般過去時(shí)，或者用useup為及物動(dòng)詞短語，需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為不可數(shù)名詞。故填thepetrolranout后者thepetrolwasusedup。34．Thisfilm(以……為根據(jù))arealstoryinourlife.【答案】isbasedon【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這部電影是以我們生活中的一個(gè)真實(shí)故事為根據(jù)改編的。“以……為根據(jù)”用動(dòng)詞base表示，作謂語，與主語Thisfilm之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，又因主語是單數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)形式。綜上，謂語用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)，單數(shù)形式。故填isbasedon。35．Itissaidthattheoldbuilding(追溯到)the16thcentury.【答案】datesbackto【詳解】考查固定短語和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：據(jù)說這座古老的建筑可以追溯到16世紀(jì)。根據(jù)漢語提示可知“追溯到”為固定短語datebackto，為從句謂語，描述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語theoldbuilding，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)，故填dates；back；to。36．Tu(查閱，參考)theancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicinewhenhefailedtoproduceanypromisingresults.【答案】referredto【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞短語。句意：屠在沒有取得任何有希望的成果時(shí)，參考了中醫(yī)典籍。根據(jù)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句可知，句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“查閱，參考”referto，refer用過去式形式referred。故填referredto。37．Althoughmanyparentshaveapresenceonmanyofthesamesocialmediasitesastheirchildren,theymaystillfindithardto(與……相關(guān)；理解)theirkidsonline.【答案】relateto【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：盡管許多父母和孩子在許多相同的社交媒體網(wǎng)站上都有自己的身影，但他們可能仍然很難在網(wǎng)上與孩子建立聯(lián)系。“與……相關(guān)；理解”譯為relateto，動(dòng)詞不定式符號后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形。故填①relate；②to。38．Thecourseoflifeneverrunssmoothlyforitisfullof(起伏)andtwistsandturns.【答案】upsanddowns【詳解】考查名詞。句意：人生之路從不一帆風(fēng)順，因?yàn)樗錆M了起伏與曲折。根據(jù)漢語提示，起伏為upsanddowns，作賓語。故填upsanddowns。39．(不管你去到哪),thesamethingsmattertoeveryone,familyandfriendship.【答案】Nomatterwhereyougo/Whereveryougo【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：無論你去哪里，同樣的事情對每個(gè)人都很重要，家庭和友誼。表示“無論什么地方”用wherever或nomatterwhere，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，位于句首，首字母大寫；表示“你”用you，作從句主語；表示“去”用go，結(jié)合句意可知，本句陳述事實(shí)，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且從句主語為you，故謂語用動(dòng)詞原形。故翻譯為Nomatterwhereyougo或Whereveryougo。40．(在我看來),thegovernmenthasdoneenoughtohelppeoplegetthroughthosetoughtimes.【答案】Frommypointofview【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：在我看來，政府在幫助人們度過難關(guān)方面已經(jīng)做得夠多了。根據(jù)提示的漢語可知，表示“在我看來”應(yīng)為frommypointofview作狀語，且位于句首，from的首字母需大寫。故填Frommypointofview。四、單句語法填空1．YouknowwhoI’m(refer)to.【答案】referring【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：你知道我指的是誰。who引導(dǎo)賓語從句，空處缺少現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，refer的現(xiàn)在分詞為referring。故填referring。2．“Ithas

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inkartwork，”saidMarianneSimon,anMA(文學(xué)碩士)student(major)inpublishingandcreativewritingatKingstonUniversity.【答案】majoring【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：“它真的給了我訪問中國的愿望，特別是探索傳統(tǒng)的墨畫，”瑪麗安·西蒙說，她是金斯敦大學(xué)出版和創(chuàng)意寫作專業(yè)的碩士學(xué)生。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞。MarianneSimon,anMAstudent與major是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，作后置定語。故填majoring。3．Iwould(appreciation)itifyoucouldgivemetheinformationIneedassoonaspossible.【答案】appreciate【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你能盡快提供我所需要的信息，我將非常感激。此處需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形來構(gòu)成“Iwouldappreciateitif”句型，表示“如果……我將感激”。由于所給詞是appreciation，名詞，其動(dòng)詞形式為appreciate，故填appreciate。4．Asthewhirlpoolbecamelesswild,thewavessooncarriedmetoanareatheotherfishermenstayed.【答案】where【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)漩渦變得不那么狂暴時(shí)，波浪很快把我?guī)У狡渌麧O民停留的地方?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是限制性定語從句，先行詞area是地方，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，因此空格處用關(guān)系副詞where，故填where。5．(date)backtothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasahistoryofover200years.【答案】Dating【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：京劇始于18世紀(jì)，至今已有200多年的歷史。句中謂語是has，空格處用非謂語動(dòng)詞，PekingOpera和date之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，位于句首的單詞首字母大寫，故填Dating。6．WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootonthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishing(vary)ofwildlife.【答案】variety【詳解】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)探險(xiǎn)家們第一次踏上北美大陸時(shí)，天空和陸地上充滿了各種各樣的野生動(dòng)物。avarietyof意為“各種各樣的”，此處應(yīng)用名詞variety表示“種類”作賓語。故填variety。7．Thelabintheyworkedhaspoorairquality.【答案】which【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他們工作的實(shí)驗(yàn)室空氣質(zhì)量很差。此處為介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞lab，先行詞lab作介詞in的賓語，表示物，用關(guān)系代詞which指代lab。故填which。8．IwishtovisittheWestLakeHangzhouisfamous.【答案】forwhich【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我希望參觀杭州著名的西湖。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處為定語從句；使用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為WestLake，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在定語從句中作賓語，因befamousfor為固定短語，且先行詞指物，使用forwhich引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填forwhich。9．Moreheatenergytrappedintheatmospherecausesthe(globe)temperaturetogoup.【答案】global【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：更多的熱能被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致全球氣溫上升。此處作定語應(yīng)用形容詞global表示“全球的”。故填global。10．Peopletodaytendtomakechoicesoftheirdiets(base)onwhattheybelieve.【答案】based【詳解】考查非謂語。句意：今天的人們傾向于根據(jù)自己的信仰來選擇飲食。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語作后置定語修飾名詞diets，diets和base之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此需使用過去分詞。故填based。五、閱讀理解AFourYouTubeChannelsforLearningEnglishBobtheCanadianBobisahighschoolteacherfromToronto,Canada,wholivesonaflowerfarmwithhiswifeandfivekids.Bob’svideosmostlydealwitheverydaysituations.Bobdescribesmonplaces,scenesandconversationsusingsimpleEnglish.Hehastakenhisviewerstoagreatmixofplaces,fromhardwarestorestohotels.Bob’saccentisveryclearandhesubtitleshisvideos.JenniferESLJenniferESLhasbeenmakingYouTubevideosteachingUSEnglishwithherfamilysince2007,sothere’sahugecollectiontodiscover.LikeBobtheCanadian,oneoftheenjoyablethingsaboutJennifer’svideosisthatyougetabrieflookatsomeone’slifeinanEnglishspeakingcountry.Shealsousesherchanneltoadvertiseotherteachers’videosthatshefindsuseful.LearnEnglishwithMr.DuncanMr.DuncanhasbeenrunningasuccessfulEnglishlanguageYouTubechannelforovertenyears.HelivesinaprettytownintheUKandhasanupperclassBritishaccenttomatch.Mr.Duncan’shugevideocatalogcoversnearlyeverytopicintheworldofBritishEnglish.Forthepastfewmonths,hehasstoppedcreatingshortvideolessons,andstartedrunningfreelivestreamlessonsthreetimesperweekinstead.UnlikeBobtheCanadian,Mr.Duncan’svideosarequitefunnyandmostviewersfindthemfunandmemorable.EnglishClass101ThisisachanneldesignedtosellaninteractiveonlineEnglishcourse.However,ifyoudon’tmindasalespitch(推銷行話),thevideosthemselvesareagreatlearningresource.Theyareallpletelyfree,whetherornotyoubuythecourse.Thischannelisparticularlygoodatexplaininggrammaticalrulesandmonexpressions.Ifyou’veeverbeesoboredtryingtounderstandtheusecasesforatense,there’salmostcertainlyanEnglishClass101videothatcanhelpyou!41．WhatdoBobandJenniferhaveinmon?A．Theybothaddsubtitlestotheirvideos.B．TheybothteachEnglishwiththeirfamiliesinvideos.C．Theybothpromotevaluablevideosfromothereducators.D．TheybothsharelifeinEnglishspeakingcountriesinvideos.42．WhatchangehasMr.Duncanmadetohiscoursesinthepastfewmonths?A．Heisproducingshortervideolessons.B．Heisconductingfreelivestreamlessons.C．Hehastriedtomakehisvideosmorefun.D．HehasstartedteachingEnglishwithaBritishaccent.43．WhichYouTubechannelshouldyouturntoifyouhavegrammaticalproblems?A．JenniferESL. B．BobtheCanadian.C．EnglishClass101. D．LearnEnglishwithMr.Duncan.【答案】41．D42．B43．C【導(dǎo)語】這篇文章是應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)適合學(xué)習(xí)英語的YouTube頻道。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Bobdescribesmonplaces,scenesandconversationsusingsimpleEnglish.Hehastakenhisviewerstoagreatmixofplaces,fromhardwarestorestohotels.(Bob用簡單的英語描述常見的地方、場景和對話。他帶領(lǐng)觀眾去了許多不同的地方，從五金店到酒店)”以及第二段“LikeBobtheCanadian,oneoftheenjoyablethingsaboutJennifer’svideosisthatyougetabrieflookatsomeone’slifeinanEnglishspeakingcountry.(像BobtheCanadian一樣，Jennifer的視頻中一個(gè)令人享受的事情是你可以短暫地窺見一個(gè)人在英語國家的生活)”可知，Bob和Jennifer的共同點(diǎn)是他們都在視頻中分享英語國家的生活。故選D。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Forthepastfewmonths,hehasstoppedcreatingshortvideolessons,andstartedrunningfreelivestreamlessonsthreetimesperweekinstead.(在過去的幾個(gè)月里，他停止了制作短視頻課程，改為每周三次免費(fèi)直播課程)”可知，在過去的幾個(gè)月里，Mr.Duncan做出的改變是開始進(jìn)行免費(fèi)的直播課程。故選B。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thischannelisparticularlygoodatexplaininggrammaticalrulesandmonexpressions(這個(gè)頻道特別擅長解釋語法規(guī)則和常見表達(dá))”可知，如果有語法問題應(yīng)該選擇EnglishClass101這個(gè)頻道。故選C。BEveryyearonSept.30,translatorsaroundtheworldcelebrateInternationalTranslationDay.In2023,underthetheme“Translationunveilsthemanyfacesofhumanity”,wedugintothevariousaspectsoftranslationthroughthestoriesofoneindividual.IntheviewofXieCun,alectureratBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity,translatorsareliketourguidesintheworldofliterature.“Agoodguidedoesn’tstandinfrontofthescenerytalkingendlesslybutusestheirknowledgeandexperiencetoleadtouriststothebestviewpoints,offeringexplanationswhennecessary,andallowingtouriststoexperiencetherestontheirown,”hesaid.“Ibelievegoodtranslatorsdothesame.”Xie’sopinionesfromhiseightyearsofexperienceasaliterarytranslator.Overhiscareer,Xiehastranslatedmanyliteraryworks.Xie’sjourneyintoliterarytranslationbeganwithhiscrosslinguistic(跨語言學(xué)的)academic(學(xué)術(shù)的)background.DuringhisundergraduatestudiesinChineselanguageandliterature,hediscoveredthepoweroftranslation.“Inoticedthatthesamesentencecouldbetranslatedinamovingwaybyonepersonbutinaninactivemannerbyanother.Thisparisoninspiredmetogiveitashot,”Xieexplained.Afterpletinghisundergraduatedegree,Xiechosetopursuetranslationashismaster’smajor,focusingonresearchandpracticeinthefield.ForXie,thebinationoftwolanguagescancreateamazingconnections,spreadinglanguagewithnewpossibilities.“Literarycreationcanonlyshapeoneauthor.However,literarytranslationallowsmetobeecountlessauthors,shapinganewselfthroughthecollision(碰撞)ofdifferentvoices,”hesaid.“IhopethattheyoungpeoplewhoareabouttobeginthepathofliterarytranslationcanprotectmodernChineselanguagewithloveandresponsibility,contributingtothegrowthofourlanguageandliteraturewiththenutrients(營養(yǎng)物)offoreignliterature,”hesaid.44．WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A．Totellreadersaboutafestival. B．Tointroducethetopicofthetext.C．Toattractreaders’interestsintranslation. D．Tostressseveraldifferentaspectsoftranslation.45．Whatisatranslator’sdutyaccordingtoXieCun?A．Toemploytheirprofessionalskills. B．Togivelistenersmorethinkingspace.C．Tocontributetobettermunication. D．Totranslateasmanyworksaspossible.46．HowdidXieCunfindtranslationchangeable?A．Byreadingmanyliteraryworks.B．Byparingdifferentversionsoftranslation.C．Bytranslatingthesamesentenceinvariousways.D．Bymajoringinliterarytranslationandlinguistics.47．WhoareXie’swordsinthelastparagraphaimedat?A．Translatorsdesiringtobroadentheirhorizons.B．Researcherswhoareworkingonthetranslationskills.C．Youngpeoplewhowillgetdowntoliterarytranslation.D．Professionaltranslatorsexperiencedinliterarytranslation.【答案】44．B45．B46．B47．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了2023年國際翻譯日的主題“翻譯揭示人性的多面性”，并通過北京外國語大學(xué)講師謝存的視角，闡述了翻譯的重要性及其個(gè)人的翻譯經(jīng)歷和感受。44．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“EveryyearonSept.30,translatorsaroundtheworldcelebrateInternationalTranslationDay.In2023,underthetheme“Translationunveilsthemanyfacesofhumanity”,wedugintothevariousaspectsoftranslationthroughthestoriesofoneindividual.(每年的9月30日，世界各地的翻譯家都會(huì)慶祝國際翻譯日。2023年，我們將以“翻譯揭示人性的多面性”為主題，通過一個(gè)人的故事，深入探討翻譯的方方面面。)”可知，段中提到世界各地的譯者在每年的9月30日慶祝國際翻譯日，而2023的國際翻譯日將通過一個(gè)人的故事來討論翻譯的各個(gè)方面。這清楚地為本文的主題——翻譯及其意義——提供了介紹和背景，起到引入主題的作用。故選B項(xiàng)。45．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中謝存的話“Agoodguidedoesn’tstandinfrontofthescenerytalkingendlesslybutusestheirknowledgeandexperiencetoleadtouriststothebestviewpoints,offeringexplanationswhennecessary,andallowingtouriststoexperiencetherestontheirown(一個(gè)好的導(dǎo)游不會(huì)站在風(fēng)景面前滔滔不絕地講，而是用自己的知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)把游客帶到最好的景點(diǎn)，必要時(shí)提供解釋，讓游客自己體驗(yàn)剩下的部分)”和“Ibelievegoodtranslatorsdothesame.(我相信優(yōu)秀的翻譯也是如此。)”可知，謝存把翻譯比作文學(xué)世界中的導(dǎo)游，他說一個(gè)好的翻譯不是站在風(fēng)景面前滔滔不絕地講，而是用自己的知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)把游客帶到最好的景點(diǎn)，必要時(shí)提供解釋，讓游客自己去體驗(yàn)剩下的部分。這表明，譯者的職責(zé)是提供指導(dǎo)，同時(shí)給聽者自己的思考和探索留有余地。故選B項(xiàng)。46．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中謝存的話“Inoticedthatthesamesentencecouldbetranslatedinamovingwaybyonepersonbutinaninactivemannerbyanother.Thisparisoninspiredmetogiveitashot,(我注意到同一個(gè)句子可以被一個(gè)人翻譯得很感人，而被另一個(gè)人翻譯得很平淡。這種對比激發(fā)了我去嘗試一下)”可知，通過比較不同版本的翻譯，謝存發(fā)現(xiàn)翻譯是變化的。故選B項(xiàng)。47．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中謝存的話“IhopethattheyoungpeoplewhoareabouttobeginthepathofliterarytranslationcanprotectmodernChineselanguagewithloveandresponsibility,contributingtothegrowthofourlanguageandliteraturewiththenutrients(營養(yǎng)物)offoreignliterature(希望即將踏上文學(xué)翻譯之路的年輕人，用愛和責(zé)任守護(hù)現(xiàn)代漢語，用外國文學(xué)的養(yǎng)分，為我國語言文學(xué)的成長做出貢獻(xiàn))”可知，謝存的話是講給愿意從事文學(xué)翻譯的年輕人聽的。故選C項(xiàng)。CWhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofanswermissesthepoint.Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice(偏見).Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!Everypersonspeaksadialect,too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,“Yougoteatornot?”(meaning“Haveyoueaten?”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswellformedandclearlymunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects—forthebenefitofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.48．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends’responseinparagraph1?A．Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents. B．Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.C．Itmissesthepointofmunication. D．Itreflectstheirselfconfidence.49．WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?A．Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake. B．Toshowthediversityofdialects.C．Toshowtheuseofdialectsisreasonable. D．Tobringinatraditionalapproach.50．Whatdoestheauthorremendustodointhelastparagraph?A．Learntospeakwithyourlocaldialect. B．Seekforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.C．Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects. D．Tellourlocallanguagesfromothers’.51．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A．AccentsRepresentOurIdentities B．EveryoneHasanAccentC．DialectsLeadtoMisunderstanding D．StandardEnglishIsatRisk【答案】48．A49．C50．C51．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了每個(gè)人都有口音。從這個(gè)意義上說，指出某人“有口音”是毫無意義的。語言差異可以幫助人們洞察他人的文化經(jīng)歷和背景，因此我們要欣賞口音和方言的價(jià)值。48．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofanswermissesthepoint.(當(dāng)我向一些朋友提到我們都有口音時(shí)，他們中的大多數(shù)人自豪地回答說：“嗯，我的英語/漢語/等等都說得很好?！钡@種回答沒有抓住要點(diǎn)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含義。故選A。49．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesentenceiswellformedandclearlymunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?(根據(jù)新加坡英語母語者扎實(shí)的語法體系，句子結(jié)構(gòu)良好，交際清晰。為什么僅僅因?yàn)椴煌蛻?yīng)該是錯(cuò)的呢？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為不能因?yàn)樗煌驼J(rèn)為它是錯(cuò)的。所以作者使用新加坡口語的例子是在說明方言的使用是合理的。故選C。50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.(像這樣的語言差異提供了對人們的文化經(jīng)歷和背景的見解。在全球化時(shí)代，一個(gè)人說話的方式是一個(gè)人身份的一個(gè)獨(dú)特部分。大多數(shù)人都樂于談?wù)撍麄冎v話背后的文化。我們會(huì)更多地了解我們生活的世界，并在此過程中結(jié)交朋友。)”可知，作者在最后一段中建議我們欣賞口音和方言的價(jià)值，這樣我們可以更好了解我們的世界，交更多的朋友。故選C。51．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!(有趣的是，就語言學(xué)習(xí)而言，每個(gè)人說話都帶有口音。我們發(fā)音的規(guī)律差異決定了我們的口音。即使你自己沒有聽到，你說話也帶有某種口音。從這個(gè)意義上說，指出某人“有口音”是沒有意義的。我們都有！)”可知，本段主要講的是每個(gè)人都有口音。從這個(gè)意義上說，指出某人“有口音”是毫無意義的，因此最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目是B選項(xiàng)“EveryoneHasanAccent(每個(gè)人都有口音)”。故選B。DLivinginaforeignculturecanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeconfusing.AgroupofAmericanswhotaughtEnglishinothercountriesrecentlydiscussedtheirexperiences.Theyfoundthatmismunicationwasalwayspossibleevenoversomethingassimpleas“yes”and“no”.OnherfirstdayinMicronesia,anislandinthePacific,Lisathoughtpeopleweren’tpayinganyattentiontoher.Thedaywashot.Shewentintoastoreandasked,“Doyouhavecolddrinks?”Thewomantheredidn’tsayanything.Lisarepeatedthequestion.Stillthewomansaidnothing.Shelaterlearnedthatthewomanhadansweredher.Shehadraisedhereyebrows(眉毛),whichinMicronesiameans“yes”.JanrememberedanexperienceshehadinBulgaria,acountryinEurope.Shewenttoarestaurantthatwasfamousforitscabbage.Sheaskedthewaiter,“Doyouhavecabbagetoday?”Henoddedhishead.Janwaited,butthecabbagenevercame.Inthatcountry,anodmeans“no”.TomhadasimilarproblemwhenhearrivedinIndia.Afterexplainingsomethinginclass,heaskedhisstudentsiftheyunderstood.Theyansweredwithmanydifferentnodsandshakesofthehead.Hethoughtsomepeoplehadnotunderstood,soheexplainedagain.Whenheaskedagain,theydidthesamething.Hesoonfoundoutthathisstudentsdidunderstand.InIndia,peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingonwheretheyefrom.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean“yes”or“no”.52．TheAmericansteachingEnglishinothercountriesfoundthatthey__________.A．shouldgoabroadforvacations B．neededtolearnforeignlanguagesC．shouldoftendiscusstheirexperiences D．hadproblemswithmunication53．PeopleinMicronesiashow“yes”by__________.A．saying“no” B．raisingeyebrowsC．shakingheads D．noddingheads54．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A．InBulgaria,noddingheadsmeans“no”. B．JantaughtEnglishonaPacificisland.C．Lisawastryingtobuysomecabbage. D．InIndia,onlyshakingheadsmeans“yes”.55．Tommisunderstoodhisclassatfirstbecause__________.A．hedidn’tknowanodmeans“no”inIndian. B．hedidn’texplaineverythingclearlyenoughC．somestudentsdidn’tunderstandhisquestions D．hedidnotknowmuchaboutIndianculture【答案】52．D53．B54．A55．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹不同文化下的人們表達(dá)“是”或“不是”的方式也不同。52．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyfoundthatmismunicationwasalwayspossibleevenoversomethingassimpleas“yes”and“no”.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是在簡單的‘是’和‘不是’上，溝通不周也是可能的)”可知，在外國教英語的美國人發(fā)現(xiàn)像“是”和“不是”這樣簡單的溝通誤解時(shí)有發(fā)生，也就是他們發(fā)現(xiàn)溝通有問題，故選D。53．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shehadraisedhereyebrows(眉毛),whichinMicronesiameans‘yes’.(她揚(yáng)起了眉毛，這在密克羅尼西亞意味著‘是’)”可知，密克羅尼西亞人用揚(yáng)起眉毛表示“是”，故選B。54．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“JanrememberedanexperienceshehadinBulgaria(簡想起了她在保加利亞的一次經(jīng)歷)”和“Inthatcountry,anodmeans‘no’.(在那個(gè)國家，點(diǎn)頭表示‘不’)”可知，在保加利亞，點(diǎn)頭意味著“不”，故選A。55．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“InIndia,peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingonwheretheyefrom.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean‘yes’or‘no’.(在印度，人們點(diǎn)頭和搖頭的方式不同，這取決于他們來自哪里。你必須知道一個(gè)人來自哪里，才能理解他們的意思是‘是’還是‘不是’)”可知，在印度，人們以不同的方式點(diǎn)頭和搖頭，這取決于他們來自哪里，你必須知道一個(gè)人來自哪里，才能知道他們的意思是“是”還是“不是”，Tom最初誤解了學(xué)生們的意思就是因?yàn)樗涣私膺@方面的印度文化，故選D。七選五Ifyoustruggletomeetnewpeopleorjoininaconversationatsocialevents,itmightbethatyourbodylanguageissendingthemessagetootherstostayaway.56?Belowaresometipstogetyoustarted.Smile.Althoughitispossibletooverdosmiling,generallyitisbettertosmilethanfrown(皺眉).Trytofindthingsthatreallymakeyouhappyorlaughandyoursmilewilleacrossasnaturalratherthanforced.57.Makesurethatyouaren’tusingobjectstoshield(遮住)yourselffromothers.Ataparty,holdyourdrinkatyoursideinsteadofclosetoyourchest(胸膛).Keepingobjectsbetweenyouandothersmakesyouappearguardedandclosed.Useeyecontact.Whenyoudoenduptalkingwithsomeone,besuretomaintaineyecontact.Avoidingeyecontactmakesyouappearuntrustworthyordisinterested.Ifdirecteyecontactfeelshard,trylookingatonlyoneeyeatatime,oratapartbetweenaperson’seyes.58Avoidnervoushabits.Eventhoughyoumightbenervous,avoidthehabitsthatgowithit.59.Don’tplaywithyourpenorthechangeinyourpocket.Keepyourhandsrelaxedatyoursidesorusethemtogesture(做手勢)whenmakingconversation.60.Saynicethingsaboutotherpeopleinsteadofmeanthings.Approachothersandincludethosewhoseemtobeleftout.Beapositivepersonandyouwillattractotherpositivepeopletoyou.Althoughitmayfeelunnaturalatfirst,withtimeyoushouldstarttofeelmoreopenandconfidentasaresultofchangingyourbodylanguage.A．AvoidblocksB．UseobjectsonhandC．Theywon’tbeabletotellthedifferenceD．Apartfrombodylan